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FEMA 2 - 03-Trogonometric-Functions-Angles-and-Triangles

chapter 3

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Kickme Odinada
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15 views23 pages

FEMA 2 - 03-Trogonometric-Functions-Angles-and-Triangles

chapter 3

Uploaded by

Kickme Odinada
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Trigonometric Functions,

Angles and Triangles


Lesson 3
• Trigonometry is the study of triangles by
applying the relations between the sides and
the angles. The term “trigonometry” comes
Trigonometry from the Greek words “trigonon” which
means triangle and “metria” meaning
measurements
Branch of Trigonometry
• Plane Trigonometry
deals with triangles in
the two dimensions of
the plane

• Spherical Trigonometry
concerns with triangles
extracted from the
surface of a sphere
types of triangles (by angle):
• Equilateral Triangle- a triangle that has all
of its sides equal which each interior
angles equal to 60 degrees
General
• Right triangle-a triangle that has a right
classification of angle (90 degrees)
plane triangles
• Oblique triangle-a triangle that does not
have a right angle.
• Acute Triangle
• Obtuse triangle
General classification of plane triangles
types of triangles (by length measurement):
General • Equilateral Triangle- a triangle that has all of its
classification sides equal which each interior angles equal to
60 degrees
of plane
triangles • Isosceles Triangle-a triangle with two of its sides
equal.

• Scalene triangle-a triangle with no equal sides.


Classification
of plane
triangles
Pythagorean Theorem

• Pythagorean theorem is the most renowned of all


mathematical theorems. This was formulated by
Pythagoras (c.580-c500BC)
• In a right-angled triangle, the square of the long side
is equal to the sum of the squares of the other two
sides.

𝑐 2 = 𝑎2 + 𝑏 2
Pythagorean Triples

• Pythagorean triples are the


three positive integers that
completely satisfy the
Pythagorean theorem.

• Pythagorean triples can be


scaled based on the most
common Pythagorean triple (3,
4, 5)

(3n, 4n, 5n)


Special Right Triangle

• Triangles that has the


distribution of
interior angles as

45-45-90
30-60-90
Angle of Measurements
• 1 revolution
= 2𝜋𝑟𝑎𝑑
= 360°
= 400 𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑑𝑠
= 6400 𝑚𝑖𝑙𝑠
• Mil is a unit of angular measurement. It is used in the military for
artillery settings, A milliradian (SI-symbol mrad, sometimes also
abbreviated mil) is an SI derived unit for angular measurement which
is defined as a thousandth of a radian (0.001 radian).
• gradian, also known as the gon, grad, or grade, is a unit of
measurement of an angle, defined as one hundredth of the right
angle; in other words, there are 100 gradians in 90 degrees.
• radian is defined as the angle subtended from the center of a circle
which intercepts an arc equal in length to the radius of the circle.
Complementary Angles= 2 angles whose sum is 90 degrees
Angle of Measurements Supplementary Angles=2 angles whose sum is 180 degrees
Explementary Angles=2 angles whose sum is 360 degrees
Angle of Elevation and
Depression
• The term angle of elevation denotes the
angle from the horizontal upward to an
object. An observer’s line of sight
would be above the horizontal.

• The term angle of depression denotes


the angle from the horizontal
downward to an object. An observer’s
line of sight would be below the
horizontal.
RIGHT TRIANGLE FORMULA
𝑎 𝑐
sin 𝐴 = csc 𝐴 =
𝑐 𝑎
𝑐
𝑏 sec 𝐴 =
cos A = 𝑏
𝑐

𝑎 𝑏
tan 𝐴 = cot 𝐴 =
𝑏 𝑎
RECIPROCAL RELATIONS
1
cot 𝐴 =
tan 𝐴

1
sec 𝐴 =
cos 𝐴

1
csc 𝐴 =
sin 𝐴
PYTHAGOREAN RELATIONS

sin2 𝐴 + cos 2 𝐴 = 1

1 + tan2 𝐴 = s𝑒𝑐 2 𝐴

1 + cot 2 𝐴 = csc 2 𝐴
QUOTIENT RELATIONS

sin 𝐴
tan 𝐴 =
cos 𝐴

cos 𝐴
cot 𝐴 =
sin 𝐴
Example
If cos 65° + cos 55° = cos 𝜃, find 𝜃 in radians
Example
• The sine of certain angle is 0.6, calculate the cotangent of the angle
Example
sin 𝜃+cos 𝜃 tan 𝜃
Which of the following is the equivalent of
cos 𝜃
a. 2𝑠𝑖𝑛𝜃
b. 2 cos 𝜃
c. 2 tan 𝜃
d. 2 cot 𝜃
Example
2 sin 𝜃 cos 𝜃−cos 𝜃
Simplify 𝑦 = into an equation of y with only 1 term
1−sin 𝜃+sin2 𝜃−cos2 𝜃
a. 𝑦 = sin 𝜃
b. y = cos 𝜃
c. y = tan 𝜃
d. y = cot 𝜃
Example
• A man standing on a 48.5 meter building high, has an eyesight height of
1.5m from the top of the building, took a depression reading from the top
of another nearby building and nearest wall, which are 50° and 80°
respectively. Find the height of the nearby building in meters. The man is
standing at the edge of the building and both buildings lie on the same
horizontal plane.
Example
• A man finds the angle of elevation of the top of a tower to be 30°. He
walks 85m nearer the tower and finds the angle of elevation to be 60°. What
is the height of the tower?

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