MULTIPLE CHOICE QUESTIONS

ON
“LIFESTYLE DISEASES AND THEIR PREVENTION”

Diabetes Mellitus

1. Which of the following is the primary hormone involved in regulating blood

glucose levels?

a) Insulin
b) Glucagon
c) Thyroxine
d) Cortisol
Answer: a) Insulin

2. What is the primary cause of Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus?

a) Insulin resistance
b) Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells
c) Obesity
d) Sedentary lifestyle
Answer: b) Autoimmune destruction of pancreatic beta cells

3. Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of Diabetes Mellitus?

a) Polyuria
b) Polydipsia
c) Polyphagia
d) Polydactyly
Answer: d) Polydactyly

4. Hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c) test measures average blood glucose levels over
what period?

a) 1 week
b) 1 month
c) 3 months
d) 6 months
Answer: c) 3 months

5. Which of the following complications is NOT typically associated with

Diabetes Mellitus?
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a) Retinopathy
b) Nephropathy
c) Neuropathy
d) Myopathy
Answer: d) Myopathy

6. Which class of medications is commonly used to treat Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus

by increasing insulin sensitivity?

a) Beta-blockers
b) Biguanides
c) Statins
d) Anticholinergics
Answer: b) Biguanides

7. Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) is a serious complication more commonly

associated with which type of diabetes?

a) Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

b) Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus
c) Gestational Diabetes
d) Maturity Onset Diabetes of the Young (MODY)
Answer: a) Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus

8. Which lifestyle modification is generally recommended to help manage Type 2

Diabetes Mellitus?

a) Increased carbohydrate intake

b) Regular physical activity
c) Reduced protein intake
d) Increased sodium intake
Answer: b) Regular physical activity

9. Gestational Diabetes Mellitus typically occurs during which stage of

pregnancy?

a) First trimester
b) Second trimester
c) Third trimester
d) Postpartum
Answer: b) Second trimester

10. Which of the following is NOT a risk factor for developing Type 2 Diabetes
Mellitus?

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a) Obesity
b) Sedentary lifestyle
c) Family history of diabetes
d) High protein diet
Answer: d) High protein diet

Obesity
1. Which of the following is a common method for measuring obesity?

a) Body Mass Index (BMI)

b) Blood Pressure
c) Hemoglobin levels
d) Blood Glucose levels
Answer: a) Body Mass Index (BMI)

2. Obesity is generally defined as having a BMI greater than:

a) 20
b) 25
c) 30
d) 35
Answer: c) 30

3. Which of the following is NOT a health risk associated with obesity?

a) Type 2 Diabetes
b) Cardiovascular disease
c) Osteoarthritis
d) Hypothyroidism
Answer: d) Hypothyroidism

4. What is the primary cause of obesity?

a) Excessive caloric intake and lack of physical activity

b) Genetic factors alone
c) Viral infections
d) Overconsumption of water
Answer: a) Excessive caloric intake and lack of physical activity

5. Which hormone is primarily involved in the regulation of appetite and is often

found in higher levels in obese individuals?

a) Insulin
b) Leptin

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c) Glucagon
d) Thyroxine
Answer: b) Leptin

6. Which type of diet is often recommended for weight loss in obese individuals?

a) High-carbohydrate diet
b) Low-protein diet
c) High-fat diet
d) Balanced diet with calorie restriction
Answer: d) Balanced diet with calorie restriction

7. Bariatric surgery is a treatment option for which category of obesity?

a) Mild obesity
b) Moderate obesity
c) Severe obesity
d) All categories of obesity
Answer: c) Severe obesity

8. Which of the following is a common psychological effect of obesity?

a) Enhanced memory
b) Increased self-esteem
c) Depression
d) Improved social interactions
Answer: c) Depression

9. Which of the following factors is NOT typically associated with an increased

risk of obesity?

a) Sedentary lifestyle
b) High intake of sugary drinks
c) Genetic predisposition
d) High intake of dietary fiber
Answer: d) High intake of dietary fiber

10. The metabolic syndrome often associated with obesity includes all of the
following EXCEPT:

a) Hypertension
b) Dyslipidemia
c) Hyperthyroidism
d) Insulin resistance
Answer: c) Hyperthyroidism

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 Cardiovascular Diseases
1. Which of the following is the leading cause of cardiovascular diseases?

a) Bacterial infection
b) Sedentary lifestyle
c) Genetic factors
d) High blood pressure
Answer: d) High blood pressure

2. What is a common symptom of coronary artery disease (CAD)?

a) Severe headache
b) Chest pain (angina)
c) Shortness of breath at rest
d) Abdominal pain
Answer: b) Chest pain (angina)

3. Which of the following is NOT a modifiable risk factor for cardiovascular

diseases?

a) Smoking
b) Physical inactivity
c) Age
d) High cholesterol
Answer: c) Age

4. Which type of cholesterol is considered "good" and helps reduce the risk of
cardiovascular diseases?

a) LDL (Low-Density Lipoprotein)

b) VLDL (Very Low-Density Lipoprotein)
c) HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein)
d) Triglycerides
Answer: c) HDL (High-Density Lipoprotein)

5. Which of the following medications is commonly used to lower blood pressure

in patients with cardiovascular diseases?

a) Antibiotics
b) Beta-blockers
c) Antihistamines
d) Antidepressants
Answer: b) Beta-blockers

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6. What is the primary cause of a myocardial infarction (heart attack)?

a) Viral infection
b) Blockage of a coronary artery
c) Low blood sugar
d) Dehydration
Answer: b) Blockage of a coronary artery

7. Which diagnostic test is often used to evaluate the electrical activity of the
heart?

a) MRI
b) CT scan
c) ECG (Electrocardiogram)
d) Ultrasound
Answer: c) ECG (Electrocardiogram)

8. Which of the following is a common treatment for narrowing of the coronary

arteries?

a) Appendectomy
b) Angioplasty
c) Tonsillectomy
d) Dialysis
Answer: b) Angioplasty

9. Which lifestyle change is most recommended for reducing the risk of

cardiovascular diseases?

a) Increasing alcohol consumption

b) Reducing physical activity
c) Following a heart-healthy diet
d) Smoking more frequently
Answer: c) Following a heart-healthy diet

10. Heart failure is a condition where the heart:

a) Beats too quickly

b) Cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs
c) Beats irregularly
d) Has too many chambers
Answer: b) Cannot pump enough blood to meet the body's needs

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 Physical Activity and Exercise
1. Which of the following is a benefit of regular physical activity?

a) Increased risk of chronic diseases

b) Improved cardiovascular health
c) Decreased bone density
d) Reduced muscle mass
Answer: b) Improved cardiovascular health

2. The recommended amount of moderate-intensity aerobic activity for adults

per week is:

a) 30 minutes
b) 60 minutes
c) 150 minutes
d) 300 minutes
Answer: c) 150 minutes

3. Which of the following is an example of a weight-bearing exercise?

a) Swimming
b) Cycling
c) Walking
d) Rowing
Answer: c) Walking

4. What type of exercise is yoga primarily considered?

a) Aerobic exercise
b) Flexibility exercise
c) Strength training
d) High-intensity interval training (HIIT)
Answer: b) Flexibility exercise

5. Which of the following statements about strength training is TRUE?

a) It is only beneficial for young adults

b) It helps improve muscle strength and endurance
c) It should be avoided by older adults
d) It does not contribute to bone health
Answer: b) It helps improve muscle strength and endurance

6. The principle of overload in exercise training means:

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a) Exercising at the same intensity all the time
b) Gradually increasing the amount of stress on the body
c) Doing only one type of exercise
d) Avoiding rest and recovery
Answer: b) Gradually increasing the amount of stress on the body

7. Which type of exercise is best for improving cardiovascular fitness?

a) Strength training
b) Stretching
c) Aerobic exercise
d) Balance training
Answer: c) Aerobic exercise

8. Which of the following is a common sign of overtraining?

a) Improved performance
b) Chronic fatigue
c) Increased motivation
d) Reduced sleep requirements
Answer: b) Chronic fatigue

9. Which component of physical fitness does Pilates primarily target?

a) Cardiovascular endurance
b) Flexibility and core strength
c) Speed and agility
d) Power and explosiveness
Answer: b) Flexibility and core strength

10. Which of the following is NOT a recommended strategy for staying motivated
to exercise?

a) Setting realistic goals

b) Exercising with a friend
c) Choosing activities you enjoy
d) Focusing solely on physical appearance
Answer: d) Focusing solely on physical appearance

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 Stress Management and Mental Health
1. Which of the following is a common physical symptom of stress?

a) Improved digestion
b) Headaches
c) Increased energy levels
d) Enhanced concentration
Answer: b) Headaches

2. Which hormone is often referred to as the "stress hormone"?

a) Insulin
b) Cortisol
c) Adrenaline
d) Serotonin
Answer: b) Cortisol

3. Which of the following is a healthy coping strategy for managing stress?

a) Avoiding all social interactions

b) Regular physical exercise
c) Excessive alcohol consumption
d) Ignoring the stressors
Answer: b) Regular physical exercise

4. Mindfulness meditation primarily focuses on:

a) Multitasking efficiently
b) Paying attention to the present moment
c) Planning future activities
d) Reliving past experiences
Answer: b) Paying attention to the present moment

5. Which of the following is NOT a common symptom of depression?

a) Persistent sadness
b) Loss of interest in activities
c) Increased appetite
d) Increased energy and hyperactivity
Answer: d) Increased energy and hyperactivity

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6. Cognitive-behavioral therapy (CBT) is commonly used to treat:

a) Skin conditions
b) Respiratory infections
c) Mental health disorders
d) Digestive issues
Answer: c) Mental health disorders

7. Which of the following is an example of a relaxation technique?

a) High-intensity interval training (HIIT)

b) Progressive muscle relaxation
c) Competitive sports
d) Intensive problem-solving
Answer: b) Progressive muscle relaxation

8. Which neurotransmitter is often associated with feelings of happiness and

well-being?

a) Dopamine
b) Cortisol
c) Glutamate
d) GABA
Answer: a) Dopamine

9. Which of the following factors can contribute to mental health disorders?

a) Genetic predisposition
b) Environmental stressors
c) Neurochemical imbalances
d) All of the above
Answer: d) All of the above

10. Which practice involves deep breathing, physical postures, and meditation to
promote mental and physical well-being?

a) Yoga
b) Weightlifting
c) Marathon running
d) Cross Fit
Answer: a) Yoga

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 Yoga and Pranayam
1. Which of the following is a primary focus of yoga practice?

a) Building muscle mass

b) Enhancing flexibility, strength, and balance
c) Increasing cardiovascular endurance
d) Improving reaction time
Answer: b) Enhancing flexibility, strength, and balance

2. Which of the following is a common benefit of regular pranayama practice?

a) Increased stress levels

b) Improved lung capacity
c) Reduced muscle strength
d) Lower bone density
Answer: b) Improved lung capacity

3. Which yoga pose is commonly known as the "Downward Facing Dog"?

a) Tadasana
b) Adho Mukha Svanasana
c) Virabhadrasana
d) Balasana
Answer: b) Adho Mukha Svanasana

4. What is the main focus of Hatha Yoga?

a) Fast-paced movements
b) Holding poses and breathing exercises
c) Competitive elements
d) Meditation only
Answer: b) Holding poses and breathing exercises

5. Which of the following is NOT a type of Pranayama?

a) Bhastrika
b) Kapalbhati
c) Vajrasana
d) Anulom Vilom
Answer: c) Vajrasana

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6. The practice of "Ujjayi" breath is characterized by:

a) Rapid, shallow breathing

b) Deep, diaphragmatic breathing with a slight constriction in the throat
c) Alternate nostril breathing
d) Holding the breath for extended periods
Answer: b) Deep, diaphragmatic breathing with a slight constriction in the throat

7. Which of the following is a common effect of practicing yoga regularly?

a) Increased anxiety
b) Improved mental clarity and focus
c) Decreased flexibility
d) Higher blood pressure
Answer: b) Improved mental clarity and focus

8. In yoga, what does the term "Asana" refer to?

a) Breath control
b) Physical postures
c) Meditation techniques
d) Dietary restrictions
Answer: b) Physical postures

9. Which Pranayama technique involves rapid exhalations and passive

inhalations?

a) Nadi Shodhana
b) Bhastrika
c) Kapalbhati
d) Ujjayi
Answer: c) Kapalbhati

10. The "Tree Pose" in yoga is known as:

a) Vrksasana
b) Savasana
c) Trikonasana
d) Sukhasana
Answer: a) Vrksasana

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 Meditation and Mindfulness
1. What is the primary goal of mindfulness meditation?
a) To improve physical strength
b) To increase mental speed
c) To cultivate awareness and presence in the moment
d) To memorize information
Answer: c) To cultivate awareness and presence in the moment

2. Which technique is commonly used in mindfulness meditation to anchor attention?

a) Counting breaths
b) Visualizing a future goal
c) Reciting a mantra
d) Performing physical exercises
Answer: a) Counting breaths

3. Which of the following is NOT typically associated with the benefits of meditation?
a) Enhanced concentration
b) Reduced stress levels
c) Increased risk of cardiovascular disease
d) Improved emotional regulation
Answer: c) Increased risk of cardiovascular disease

4. Mindfulness practice is often linked to which of the following mental health benefits?
a) Decreased self-awareness
b) Increased anxiety
c) Improved emotional resilience
d) Reduced attention span
Answer: c) Improved emotional resilience

Music and Overall Well-Being

5. Which of the following is a known benefit of listening to calming music?

a) Increased heart rate
b) Improved mood
c) Reduced cognitive function
d) Decreased relaxation
Answer: b) Improved mood

6. How does engaging in active music-making, such as playing an instrument, affect overall
well-being?
a) It increases stress levels
b) It has no impact on mental health

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c) It enhances cognitive function and emotional expression
d) It reduces social interaction
Answer: c) It enhances cognitive function and emotional expression
Model Answer: Engaging in active music-making can enhance cognitive function, emotional
expression, and overall well-being by providing a creative outlet and fostering social interaction.

7. Music therapy has been found to be effective in managing symptoms of which condition?
a) Chronic pain
b) Diabetes
c) Hypertension
d) Asthma
Answer: a) Chronic pain

8. Which type of music is often used to promote relaxation and reduce stress?
a) High-tempo rock music
b) Ambient or classical music
c) Heavy metal
d) Fast-paced pop music
Answer: b) Ambient or classical music

9. The "Mozart effect" refers to:

a) The idea that listening to Mozart improves spatial reasoning skills
b) The use of music to increase heart rate
c) The practice of composing music for relaxation
d) The effect of music on physical endurance
Answer: a) The idea that listening to Mozart improves spatial reasoning skills

10. Music can influence the body's physiological responses, including:

a) Blood pressure regulation
b) Decreased heart rate variability
c) Increased stress hormone levels
d) Decreased immune function
Answer: a) Blood pressure regulation

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