© 2019 JETIR June 2019, Volume 6, Issue 6 www.jetir.

org (ISSN-2349-5162)

IOT BASED MONITORING SYSTEM IN

HOME AGRICULTURE
1
D. Louisa Mary, 2Dr.M.Ramakrishnan
1
Research scholar,2 Professor & Head
1
Department of Computer Applications,2 Department of Computer Application
1
School of Information Technology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India
2
School of Information Technology, Madurai Kamaraj University, Madurai, India

Abstract IoT based Home Agriculture System is built for monitoring the plants with the help of sensors (humidity, temperature,
moisture, etc…). These sensors sense and check the changes in the temperature and moisture level and automate the drip
watering into the garden if needed. Today people are suffering from scarcity of water. This process optimizes the water usage
and also increases the yield to provide organic farming. This automation technology minimizes the human intervention and also
keeps the plants green. All this functioning can be monitored by the user in their mobile through IoT technology.
Keyword: Humidity, temperature, moisture sensors, drip watering, organic farming, IoT Technology.
I. INTRODUCTION
The global population is set to touch 9.6 billion by 2050. So, to feed the exploding population, the field of food production
must embrace IoT. All fertile lands are now changed into houses because of the increased population. To cater the needs of
the vegetables for the increased population, it is encouraged to have a terrace garden in each home. Indoor plants clean the air
and reduce the depression to the human.
Against the challenges such as extreme weather conditions and rising climate change, and environmental impact resulting
from intensive farming practices, the demand for more food has to be met.
Smart terrace gardening based on IoT technologies will enable growers to reduce waste and enhance productivity ranging
from the quantity of fertilizer utilized to the number of Journeys the farm vehicles have made. It is the application of modern
ICT (Information and Communication Technologies) into agriculture.
In IoT-based smart gardening, a system is built for monitoring the crop field with the help of sensors (light, humidity,
temperature, soil moisture, etc.) and automating the irrigation system. The user can monitor the field conditions from
anywhere. IoT-based smart gardening is highly efficient when compared with the conventional approach.
II LITERATURE SURVEY
The research in IoT in agriculture area enhanced various aspects to improve the quality and quantity of productivity of
agriculture. Researchers have been worked on many different projects on soil attributes, different weather conditions as well
as scouting crops. Researchers of MIMOS, Ministry of Science, Technology and Innovation, Kuala Lumpur, MALAYSIA
worked on wireless moisture sensor network on agriculture [1]. The Research for smart agriculture is done over IoT[2] by
Prof . K. Patil and Prof. N. R. Kale Maharashtra, India. Wireless Sensor Network based poly house monitoring system is in
practice which make use of environment temperature, humidity, CO 2 level and sufficient light detection modules [3]. A Case
study was carried over by researchers of University of Donja Gorica on IoT-enabled platform for precision agriculture and
ecological monitoring [4]. The usage of IoT in Form Management System, Production supply chain development and
information service system is explained [5-7]. Remote plant monitoring can be done using ZigBee protocol and GPS [8]. Soil
monitoring, nutrients like nitrogen (N),Phosphorous(P), and Potassium(K) are monitored and the results are updated through
email [9].Using fuzzy logic different vegetables are being cultivated in terrace garden [10].

III ARCHITECTURE OF ARDUINO

Figure1 – Arduino architecture

3.1 Water moisture Sensor

An Arduino and a Soil moisture sensor are interfaced to determine the need of water to moisturize the soil to the sufficient
level. Soil moisture sensor interface with an Arduino and measures the volumetric content of water in soil and gives the
moisture level. The sensor gives us both analog and digital output.

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Figure 2 –Water Moisture Sensor

The soil moisture sensor consists of two probes that are used to measure the volumetric content of water. The two probes allow
the current to pass through the soil, which gives the resistance value to measure the moisture value. When there is water, the
soil will conduct more electricity, which means that there will be less resistance. Dry soil conducts electricity poorly, so when
there is less water, then the soil will conduct less electricity, which means that there will be more resistance.

IV PROPOSED PROBLEM STATEMENT

This paper presents proposed model for smart gardening to develop real time monitoring system for soil properties like
temperature, atmospheric humidity, soil moisture and to supply the water and fertilizers as needed .It will also be possible to
control and monitor various operations of the field remotely from anywhere, anytime by mobile as well as web application.
4.1 Proposed Architecture
Proposed system has three modules – Farm side, Server side and Client side. Farm side deployment is as shown in figure 3. It
consists of three methods as follows.
1. Sensing local agricultural parameters by various sensors like temperature sensor, humidity sensor, soil moisture sensor.
2. checking the parameters value with the threshold levels.
a. If the values are lower than the threshold levels, solenoid valve automatically opens and starts watering the garden through
drip irrigation.
b. The above process continues until it reaches the threshold levels.
3. The above process can be monitored in mobile through IoT .
4. All fertilizers and pesticides details for the different plant will be displayed in the web server

Figure 3 IoT Based Monitoring System

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V EXPERIMENTS AND RESULTS

Figure 4 : a)Circuits Figure 4:b)Drip irrigation

Figure 4: c)LED Display

VI SAMPLE CODING

#include <LiquidCrystal.h>
LiquidCrystal lcd(13,12,11,10,9,8);
const int sensor_pin = A1; /* Soil moisture sensor O/P pin */
const int RELAY_ENABLE=2;
void setup() {
pinMode(RELAY_ENABLE,OUTPUT);
Serial.begin(9600); /* Define baud rate for serial communication */
lcd.begin(16,2);
lcd.clear();
lcd.print("Welcome");
delay(1000);

void loop() {

float moisture_percentage;
int sensor_analog;
sensor_analog = analogRead(sensor_pin);
moisture_percentage = ( 100 - ( (sensor_analog/1023.00) * 100 ) );
Serial.print("Moisture Percentage = ");
Serial.print(moisture_percentage);
Serial.print("%\n\n");
lcd.clear();
lcd.setCursor(0,0);
lcd.print("Moisture Percentage");
lcd.setCursor(0,1);

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lcd.print(moisture_percentage);

if(moisture_percentage < 50)

{
Serial.println("relay on");
digitalWrite(RELAY_ENABLE,LOW);
delay(1000);
}
else
{
Serial.println("relay off");
digitalWrite(RELAY_ENABLE,HIGH);
delay(1000);
}
delay(500);
}
In the Experiments, it checks the soil moisture, temperature and based on the moisture level, water is controlled by the solenoid
valve and sprayed to different plants in the garden through drip irrigation method. The Fertilizer and insecticides details can be
obtained in the mobile from an IoT Server.
VII CONCLUSION:
The paper proposes a wise smart gardening model in integration with ICT. ICT have always mattered in Agriculture domain.
By using the proposed approach, terrace garden can be watered through drip irrigation whenever it is needed and the updated
information can be monitored in the mobile even at their work places. This method saves time and water and gives good air and
green environment to living places. Fertilizers and pesticides details can increase landscape health, promote deeper root growth,
and make the plants more disease resistant.

VIII ACKNOWLEDGMENT
1.St.John’s College,Tirunelveli,Tamil Nadu, India.
2. Tamil Nadu Agricultural University portal for fertilizer and pesticides details for different plants
IX REFERENCES
[1] Ibrahim Mat, Mohamed Rawidean Mohd Kassim, Ahmad Nizar Harun, Ismail Mat [1]Yusoff MIMOS,IoT in Precision
Agriculture Applications Using Wireless Moisture Sensor Network, Ministry of Science ,Technology and Innovation, Kuala
Lumpur, MALAYSIA 2016 IEEE Conference on Open Systems (ICOS), October 10-12, 2016, Langkawi, Malaysia
[2] Prof. K. A. Patil, Prof. N. R. Kale A Model for Smart Agriculture Using IoT, 2016 International Conference on Global
Trends in Signal Processing, Information Computing and Communication
[3] Yongxian Song, Juanli Ma, Xianjin Zhang, Yuan Feng, “Design of Wireless Sensor Network-Based Greenhouse
Environment monitoring and Automatic Control System”, JOURNAL OF NETWORKS, VOL. 7,NO. 5, MAY 2012.
[4] Tomo Popovic´ a,⇑, Nedeljko Latinovic´ b, Ana Pešic´ c, Zˇarko Zecˇevic´ d, Bozˇo Krstajic´ d, Slobodan Djukanovic´ d
Architecting an IoT-enabled platform for precision agriculture and ecological monitoring: A case study 0168-1699/_ 2017
Elsevier B.V. Computers and Electronics in Agriculture 140 (2017) 255–265
[5]Alexandros Kaloxylos “Farm Management systems and the Future Internet era”, Computer and Electronics in Agriculture
89(2012)130144.
[6] Xiaohui Wang, Nannan Liu, “The Application of Internet of Things in Agricultural means of production supply chain
management”, Research Article, Journal of Chemical and Pharmaceutical Research,2014,6(7):2304-2310.
[7] Li Minbo, Zhu Zhu, Chen Guangyu, “Information Service System of Agriculture IoT”, AUTOMATICA 54(2013) 4, 415-
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[8]G.V.Satyanarayana, SD.Mazaruddin, “Wireless Sensor Based Remote Monitoring System for Agriculture using ZigBee and
GPS”, Conference on Advances in Communication and Control Systems 2013.
[9] R. Raut, H. Varma, C. Mulla and Vijaya Rahul Pawar Soil Monitoring, Fertigation,
and Irrigation System Using IoT for Agricultural Application Springer Nature Singapore Pte. Ltd. 2018 Y.-C. Hu et al. (eds.),
Intelligent Communication and Computational Technologies, Lecture Notes in Networks and Systems 19.
[10]V. Pandiyaraju*, P. Shunmuga Perumal, A. Kannan and L. Sai Ramesh ,” SMART TERRACE GARDENING WITH
INTELLIGENT ROOF CONTROL ALGORITHM FOR WATER CONSERVATION Pak. J. Agri. Sci., Vol. 54(2), 451-
455; 2017 ISSN (Print) 0552-9034, ISSN (Online) 2076-0906

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