⑳

- -

in
Q
Given data

• Density = 2700 Kg/m3

• Heat capacity Cp= 0.9 KJ/Kg.K = 900 J/Kg.K
• Diameter = 7.5 cm = 0.075 m
• Temperature of ball Tball = 125 0cel
• Temperature of air Tair = 25 0cel
• Cooling rate 4 0c / min
•
•
Now, We doing energy balance

Energy transfer to air = Energy Removed from the ball

Where,

:GaLi
h = heat transfer coefficient

to
Hamil a e
V = Volume of ball = D3 / 6

A = Heat transfer area = D2

Put all values in Above equation to find h.

M
81st
stif
.

10
④
W

196-

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O
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Surface area A of the pipe per metre run is equal to

o ·
лdl= π X 0.05 X 1 = 0.157 m²

=>
Q₂ (radiation) =bA (T₁4 — T₂4)

= 0.2 x 5.67 x 108 x 0.157(370*295*)

= 19.88 W

>
-
Qe (convection) = h A t.

= 11.35 x 0.157 (370-295) = 133.64 W

Qt (total) = 19.88 +133.64 153.52 W

The total heat exchange can be expressed as:

Q₂ = UA AT where U is the overall coefficient of heat transfer

:. U = Qt /AT

= 153.52 /0.157 (370-295)

= 13.04 W/m²- deg

②

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 Heat transfer through a solid medium
occurs via conduction, where thermal
④ energy is transferred through direct
contact between particles. High-
temperature particles transfer energy to
neighboring particles with lower
temperatures, causing them to vibrate
and propagate heat

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⑳ Fin Efficiency: Fin efficiency refers to

~
the ratio of the actual heat transfer with
fins to the maximum possible heat
1
Q
⑳
-
transfer if the entire fin were at the
base temperature.
pot
9
Fin Effectiveness: Fin
effectiveness, on the other hand, is
a measure of how much the
presence of fins improves the
overall heat transfer rate of a
system compared to a system Bib
e legth rouft
without fins
a) Transfer
b charactelic of heat
·

convectionConductiveanalges ↑

li
andgese
Thermal
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lumped heat system

 for Reynold analogy
Formula
:
Reynolds Analogy Assumptions:

⑳ Steady-state conditions.
Incompressible fluid flow.
Constant fluid properties.
Constant Prandtl number.
Turbulent flow regime.
Flow over a flat plate or in a circular tube.

k=
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