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PPT of Digital Image Processing Fundamentals

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Shubham Mittal
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6 views

MPA1

PPT of Digital Image Processing Fundamentals

Uploaded by

Shubham Mittal
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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Multimedia Processing and

Applications
Dr. Aloke Datta
Digital Image Processing
Fundamentals
What is light?
• The visible portion of the electromagnetic (EM) spectrum.
• It occurs between wavelengths of approximately 400 and 700
nanometers.
Gamma Ray Image
X-Ray image
• Different wavelengths of radiation have different
properties.
• The x-ray region of the spectrum, it carries sufficient
energy to penetrate a significant volume or material.
Imaging in Ultraviolet band
• Industrial inspection, lasers, biological imaging and astronomy
observation.
Remote Sensing
Long wavelengths
• Infrared (IR) radiation are emitted from warm objects
(e.g., locate people in total darkness).
Microwave Image

• “Synthetic aperture radar” (SAR) imaging techniques use


an artificially generated source of microwaves to probe a
scene.
• SAR is unaffected by weather conditions and clouds (e.g.,
has provided us images of the surface of Venus).
Sonic images
• Produced by the reflection of sound waves off an object.
• High sound frequencies are used to improve resolution.
• Digital Image Processing :
Digital Image Processing means processing of digital
images on digital hardware usually a computer
• Digital Image:
– An image may be defined as a two-dimensional function,
f(x, y), where x and y are spatial (plane) coordinates, and
the amplitude of f at any pair of coordinates (x, y) is called
the intensity or gray level of the image at that point.
– When x, y, and the amplitude values of f are all finite,
discrete quantities, we call the image a digital image.
• An image to be
represented in the form
of a finite 2-D matrix
• Each of the matrix
elements should
assume one of the finite
discrete value
Image as a matrix of numbers
Why do we need Image Processing?
• Improvement of pictorial information for human
perception (i.e., noise filtering, content
enhancement, deblurring)
• Image processing for autonomous machine
application (i.e., segmentation, representation
and description, object recognition)
• Efficient storage and transmission (i.e., image
compression)
Fundamental steps in Digital Image
Processing
• Image acquisition:
• Acquisition of images in digital form
• Involves some preprocessing task if needed
• Image enhancement:
• Bring out detail that is obscured
• Highlight certain features of interest in an image
• Subjective in nature
• Image restoration:
• Deals with improving the appearance of an image
• Objective in nature
• Based on mathematical or probabilistic models of image
degradation
• Color image processing:
• Covers a number of fundamental concepts in color models
• Basic color processing in digital domain
• Wavelet processing:
• Representing images in various degrees of resolution
• Used for image data compression
• Compression:
• Techniques for reducing the storage required to save an
image or the bandwidth required to transmit
• Morphological processing:
• Deals with tools for extracting image components that are
useful in the representation and description of shape
• Segmentation:
• Partition an image into its constituent parts or subjects
• Representation and description:
• Follow the output of a segmentation stage
• Deals with extracting attributes that result in some
quantitative information of interest
• Recognition:
• Assigns a label to an object based on its descriptors
Thank You

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