MINOR PROJECT PRESENTATION

ON
ULTRASONIC SENSOR BELT
AS A NAVIGATION AID FOR VISUALLY IMPAIRED PEOPLE

Department of Instrumentation & Control Engineering

GROUP SUPERVISED BY:
MEMBERS: DR. SHEELA TIWARI
(ASSOCIATE PROFESSOR)
AKASHDEEP SINGH (21106008)
ANOOP KUMAR (21106017)
ROSHNI GUPTA (21106089)
KRITIKA GUPTA (21109061) PRESENTED TO:

MINOR PROJECT EVALUATION COMMITTEE

(Department of Instrumentation & Control Engineering)
1. Introduction

2. Description

3. Working Principle

4. Hardware Configurations

5. Working model

6. Explanation of Project

7. Implementation

8. Practical usage

9. Conclusion

10. References
INTRODUCTION
In today's fast-paced world, accessibility for all is crucial. But even with all
the new technology, blind people still find it hard to move around by
themselves.

Our project aims to address this issue by introducing an innovative

solution:
The Ultrasonic Conveyor Belt for the Visually Impaired.

This special belt uses ultrasonic sensors to detect obstacles and guide
blind people safely through different places and various environments.
Our goal is to make life easier for blind people and make sure they feel
included in everything we do.
 PROJECT DESCRIPTION
Visually impaired individuals often struggle to navigate their
surroundings independently and to move freely.Traditional aids
like smart canes have limited range, and wearable devices like
glasses,headbands etc are uncomfortable to wear as a result
there is lack of real-time feedback about obstacles and this lead
to safety risk and limited mobility.

Our Project objective is to Develop an Ultrasonic Sensor Belt for independent and safe
navigation.It helps visually impaired individuals to move without assistance. Ultrasonic
sensors installed in our belt detect obstacles within a 600cm radius around the user.
Our belt is comfortable, and has a durable design.It has an Electronic circuitry control system
integrated into the belt which controls the whole belt.
 WORKING PRINCIPLE
Sensors which are installed in our belt in all four
directions emit ultrasonic waves, When an obstacle is present,
it reflects these ultrasonic waves.The sensor calculates the time taken
for the waves to bounce back (echo), and distance between the
sensor and the obstacle is determined.

A central controller receives distance data from each sensor.

If an obstacle is within a set range (e.g., 600cm radius),, the controller triggers action.
Vibrating motors embedded in the belt activate,vibrations alerts the user about nearby obstacles.

On summarizing, the belt uses ultrasonic sensors to detect obstacles, a controller to interpret the
sensor data and to control vibration, and vibrating motors to for providing feedback, which keeps our
user aware of surroundings.
 HARDWARE CONFIGURATION
1. Ultrasonic Sensor: We have four Ultrasonic sensors (HC-SR04), which are
positioned to cover different direction (front, back, left, and right) around the
user.These sensors detect obstacles, and emits ultrasonic waves, It calculates
the distance between its current position and the obstacle. Once the obstacle detection and
distance is measured, information is further sent to the Central controller.

2. Arduino Board: We are using Arduino as our Central controller of our

system. It receives data from the ultrasonic sensors about the distance to
obstacles for each direction. It controls the operation of the vibrating motors
based on the obstacle detection data. On presence of any obstacle, It
activates the vibrating motors to provide feedback to the user.
3. Vibrating Motors: We are using vibrating motors which are providing feedback to
user. as we have designed our belt for all four directions so four motors are
have been installed in our belt. When an obstacle is detected by the ultrasonic
sensors, these motors are activated. Vibrations alert the wearer about the presence of
obstacles in their surroundings.

4. Mounting Belt: For our user, wearable belt is there. All the components are mounted on it, It is an
adjustable and light weight interface which can be adjusted in wearing based on the physique of
our user.

5. Power source and connecting wires: Power source is there to supply power to
both the Arduino board and the vibrating motors. We are using power bank and
batteries for this purpose. To establish connections between the components. we
are using jumper wires and arduino cable for connecting components.
EXPLANATION
We have designed this project to enhance the safety, independence, and mobility of visually
impaired individuals.
Some developed traditional aids have limited range and scope of detection and wearable devices
are quite uncomfortable to wear, Modern assistive system(Neural network based) is only used for
indoor navigation which doesn’t fulfill the objective to provide independent navigation to blind
people.

It is lightweight and easy to wear equipment which enables users to confidently navigate diverse
environments, including urban streets, public transportation, and indoor spaces, without relying
on assistance from others.

Project uses ultrasonic sensors, vibrating motors, and Arduino to provide obstacle detection and
feedback to the user.Sensors are positioned in four directions i.e providing 360-degree coverage.
When an obstacle is detected within the specified range (600 cm) obstacle’s location is provided
to the user.
PRACTICAL USAGE
Outdoor: It assists users in navigating outdoor environments. By detecting obstacles such as,
parked vehicles, uneven terrain and construction sights etc. the belt users are able to navigate
safely and independently leading to reduced chances of accidents.

Indoor: In indoor settings, It helps users to avoid collisions with objects, people etc, enabling them
to move freely in unfamiliar environments such as shopping malls, airports, or office buildings, the
belt assists users in crowded spaces, corridors, and doorways.

Emergency Situations: In emergency situations, such as earthquake, the belt provides assistance
to visually impaired individuals in safely navigating escape routes, identifying exit doors, and
avoiding hazards.

Social Involvement: The belt enhances the social involvement of visually impaired individuals,
enabling them to participate in social activities and also enabling them to live a life like other
people.
 CONCLUSION
To investigate and to enhance the performance of our belt,regular trials and tests will be
conducted for different materials. With its good performance we are aiming to enhance
accesibility for everyone and to make society more accesible for visually impaired people and
also creating an effective impact in their lives.

We are aiming to use feedback modalities such as audio feedback using earphones or speakers
and tactile feedback in which feedback signal will be given to user’s body part where pressure
can be sensed.
We are also working to introduce camera module in our belt, which will capture images and
process text from signs, labels, or displays, It could assist users in reading printed information in
their environment. By analyzing the images captured by our camera, objects can be detected
based on sizes,shape etc. and accordingly an optimsed feedback can be provided to user.
 REFERENCES
[1] M. Afif, R. Ayachi, E. Pissaloux, Y. Said, M. Atri
Indoor objects detection and recognition for an ICT mobility assistance of visually impaired people Multimed. Tool.
Appl., 79 (41) (2020), pp. 31645- 31662

[2] B. Kuriakose, R. Shrestha, F.E. Sandnes

Tools and technologies for blind and visually impaired navigation support: a reviewIETE Tech. Rev., 39 (1) (2022),
pp.3-18

[3] B.-S. Lin, C.-C. Lee, and P.-Y. Chiang

“Simple smartphone-based guiding system for visually impaired people, “Sensors, Vol. 17, no. 6, pp. 1371, 2017

[4] R. Tapu, B. Mocanu, and E. Tapu

“A survey on wearable devices used to assist the visual impaired user navigation in outdoor environments“. 11th
International Symposium on Electronics and Telecommunications (ISETC), Nov 2014, pp. 1–4.

[5] E.J. Argüello Prada, L.M. Santacruz Forero

A belt-like assistive device for visually impaired people: toward a more collaborative approach Cogent Eng., 9 (1)
(2022), Article 2048440
Thank you for your valuable
time.