Pengkajian Awal
(Initial Assessment)
SOS Profesional
Basic Trauma Cardiac Life Support (Initial Assessment)
TUJUAN
PEMBELAJARAN
01 Tujuan Umum
Setelah mengikuti pelatihan ini
peserta mampu melakukan
penilaian awal (Initial Assessment)
02 Tujuan Khusus
• Menjelaskan aman penolong,
lingkungan dan pasien
• Menjelaskan definisi dari
penilaian awal (initial
assessment)
• Melakukan tahapan
pengelolaan penderita trauma
yaitu primary survey dan
secondary survey
• Melakukan Initial Assessment
SOS Profesional
Basic Trauma Cardiac Life Support (Initial Assessment)
Safety First
Aman Diri
Aman Lingkungan
Aman Korban
SOS Profesional
Basic Trauma Cardiac Life Support (Initial Assessment)
Cek Respon
UN-
ALERT VERBAL PAIN RESPONS
A V P U
SOS Profesional
Basic Trauma Cardiac Life Support (Initial Assessment)
Primary Survey
Circulation Disabilty
Breathing
Airway Exposure
SOS Profesional
Basic Trauma Cardiac Life Support (Initial Assessment)
Primary Survey (Tambahan)
Gastric Tube
Folley Cateter
Heart Monitor
SOS Profesional
Basic Trauma Cardiac Life Support (Initial Assessment)
Airway and Control Cervical (Primary Survey)
Open Airway dan Fiksasi kepala
Open Airway Fiksasi kepala
Look Airway Manual
(Pasang neck colar)
- Jaw Thrust
- Chin Lift Curiga Fraktur
Cervikal
- Head till, Chin lift
Listen
Gurgling → Suction Trauma kepala, ↓ kesadaran
Snoring → Jaw thrust , OPA /NPA Multi trauma
Feel Stridor → Airway definitif , ETT / Jejas dari clavicula ↑ Kranial
Surgical crico Bio mekanik mendukung
SOS Profesional
Basic Trauma Cardiac Life Support (Initial Assessment)
Breathing and Ventilation (Primary Survey)
Pernafasan & Ventilasi
Bila ada masalah pernafasan,
Nafas Normal berikan Oksigen :
- Dewasa : 12- 20X/Menit
Dengan NC → 1 – 5 lpm
- Anak : 15 - 30X/Menit
Simple → 6 – 8 Lpm
- Bayi : 25 - 50X/Menit
Look NRM → 9 – 12 Lpm
Puklse
Oximeter
Breathing
Listen (95-100%)
Masalah Breathing yang Mengancam
Bila Pernafasan Tidak Adekuat / Nyawa.
Apneu, Lakukan Ventilasi Tambahan
Feel - Tension and Open Pneumothorax
- Mouth to Mouth / Nouse
- Hematothorax
- Mouth to Mask
- Flail Chest + Kontusio Paru
- Bag Valve Mask (Baging)
- Tamponade Jantung
SOS Profesional
Basic Trauma Cardiac Life Support (Initial Assessment)
Breathing and Ventilation (Primary Survey)
Bagaimana jika
pasien
Masih terlihas sesak
saat diberikan O2
sesuai Indikasi?
SOS Profesional
Basic Trauma Cardiac Life Support (Initial Assessment)
Breathing and Ventilation (Primary Survey)
Jika tidak ada perbaikan setelah diberikan oksigenasi
cari penyebab sesaknya dengan cara !!!
• Jejas • Bising Paru
• Luka robek • Bunyi Jantung
• Ekspansi Dada
• D. Vena Jugularis
Inspeksi Auskultasi
Palpasi Perkusi
• Krepitasi • Sonor
• Nyeri • Hiper Sonor
• Flail Chest • Dullnes
SOS Profesional
Basic Trauma Cardiac Life Support (Initial Assessment)
Circulation & Bleeding Control (Primary Survey)
Sirkulasi & Kontrol Perdarahan
4T (Tekan langsung, Tinggikan, Titik Tekan dan
Torniquet)
Look
Nadi cepat (Tachicardi) dan Lemah, Kesadaran
SYOK
↓, Pucat, Akral Dingin, Hipotensi.
Fell
Kristaloid hangat (Assering, RL or NaCl) / ambil
sampel darah
Move
Perdarahan Internal.
Fiksasi (pelvis – Gurita) (Extremitas – Bidai)
Abdomen dan Thorax (Operasi)
SOS Profesional
Basic Trauma Cardiac Life Support (Initial Assessment)
Disability (Primary Survey)
Disability & Pemeriksaan pupil + Lateralisasi
Eye
Isokor
Verbal
An Isokor
Miosis
Motorik
Midriasis
SOS Profesional
Basic Trauma Cardiac Life Support (Initial Assessment)
Exposure (Primary Survey)
Exposure & Cegah Hipotermi
Buka semua
pakaian
Cari jejas, luka
tersembunyi
yang mengancam
nyawa
Cegah
hipotermi
(selimuti
pasien)
SOS Profesional
Basic Trauma Cardiac Life Support (Initial Assessment)
Re-Evaluasi Primary Survey
Circulation Disabilty
Breathing
Airway Exposure
SOS Profesional
Basic Trauma Cardiac Life Support (Initial Assessment)
Folley Cateter (Primary Survey)
Indikasi dan Kontraindikasi
Kontra
Indikasi
Indikasi
Dewasa
• 0.5 cc
/KgBB -
Anak
• 1 Cc
/KgBB
- Menghetahui Intake - Perdarahan OUE.
& Output Cairan. - Scrotum / Perineum
Bayi
• 2 cc - Mencegah Distensi Hematom.
/KgBB Abdomen - RT Prostat Melayang
SOS Profesional
Basic Trauma Cardiac Life Support (Initial Assessment)
Gastric Tube (Primary Survey)
Indikasi dan Kontraindikasi
Mencegah Aspirasi
Indikasi Mengetahui Pendarahan Internal
Kontra Mencegah Distensi Abdomen
Indikasi
Fraktur Basis Cranial
Otore & Renore Beatle Sign Racoon Eyes
SOS Profesional
Basic Trauma Cardiac Life Support (Initial Assessment)
Heart Monitor (Primary Survey)
EKG
Radiologi
Jika
Portable
SOS Profesional
Basic Trauma Cardiac Life Support (Initial Assessment)
Re-Evaluasi Primary Survey
Circulation Disabilty
Breathing
Airway Exposure
SOS Profesional
Basic Trauma Cardiac Life Support (Initial Assessment)
Secondary Survey
Anamnesa
Head to Toe
Finger in every orifice
Dokumentasi
Medikal Evakuasi
SOS Profesional
Basic Trauma Cardiac Life Support (Initial Assessment)
Anamnesa (Secondary Survey)
Alergy Medication Pass Ilness Last Meal Event
SOS Profesional
Basic Trauma Cardiac Life Support (Initial Assessment)
Head to Toe (Secondary Survey)
Log Roll, Finger in every Ofirice
B Perubahan Bentuk
T Tumor
L Luka
S Sakit
SOS Profesional
Basic Trauma Cardiac Life Support (Initial Assessment)
Dokumentasi (Secondary Survey)
Data Pasien.
Apa yang telah dilakukan.
Terapi yang sudah diberikan.
Rencana Tindakan Selanjutnya.
Rencana Kolaborasi.
Rencana Rujukan Transportasi.
SOS Profesional
Basic Trauma Cardiac Life Support (Initial Assessment)
Medikal Evakuasi (Secondary Survey)
What ?
4W When ?
1H Where ?
Who ?
How !
SOS Profesional
Basic Trauma Cardiac Life Support (Initial Assessment)
Join with us
Adm.sosprofesional@gmail
Basic Trauma Instagram @sos profesional
Cardiac Life Support 082111053340
SOS Profesional
Basic Trauma Cardiac Life Support (Initial Assessment)
