Example on Computerized Relative Allocation of Facilities Technique (CRAFT)
❑ Computerized Relative Allocation of Facilities Technique (CRAFT) is an improvement
type layout.
❑ The initial layout is given and, the algorithm computes the distance between the
centers of each facility and determines the cost of the initial layout.
❑ CRAFT was introduced by Gordon C. Armour and Elwood S. Buffa in 1963
❑ CRAFT is tool used to help improve the existing layout of the facilities.
❑ The facility is improved by switching two or three departments to help arrange the
facility in an optimal floor plan.
❑ Craft Algorithm:
1
Example Apply CRAFT alogorith for the following intital solution a shown in the Figure 1.
There are 5 departments. The total number of interchangebale depertments are 5. The
Table 2 shows cost matrix. The Table 3 shows flow matrix.The Table 4 shows the area of
departments.
4 2 4
4 1 5 4
4 2 3
4 6
Figure 1 Initial Lyout
Table 2 Cost Matrix
Department 1 2 3 4 5
1 - 1 1 1 1
2 1 - 1 1 1
3 1 1 - 1 1
4 1 1 1 - 1
5 1 1 1 1 -
Table 3 Flow Matrix
Department 1 2 3 4 5
1 - 5 2 4 0
2 0 - 2 5 0
3 2 0 - 0 5
4 3 0 1 - 0
5 0 0 2 0 -
Table 4 Department Area
Department 1 2 3 4 5
Are in Sq meter 16 16 24 16 8
2
Solution:
4 2 4
1(2,6) 5(5,6) 4(8,6)
4
2(2,2) 3 (7,2)
4 6
Figure 1 Initial Layout (As given in Example)
Deoartment X Y
(X1,Y1) 2 6
(X2,Y2) 2 2
(X3,Y3) 7 2
(X4,Y4) 8 6
(X5,Y5) 5 6
3
Distance between (1,2): D=|2,6| +|2,2| = |2-2=0|+|6-2|= 04 =0+4 = 4 smilarly,
Distance between (1,3): D=|2,6| +|7,2| = |2-7=5|+|6-2|= 04 =5+4 = 9
Thus, Table 5 can be prepared using formula
Table 5 Distance Matrix
Department 1 2 3 4 5
1 - 4 9 6 3
2 4 - 5 10 7
3 9 5 - 5 6
4 6 10 5 - 3
5 3 7 6 3 -
Flow between (1,2): 5 From Table 3 Given in Example,
Distance between (1,2): 4 From Table 5 Calcuated from Example,
Cost between (1,2): 1 From Table 2 Given in Example
Hence Total cost between (1,2): 5 x 4 x 1=20
Table 6 Total Cost Matrix
Department 1 2 3 4 5
1 - 20 18 24 0
2 0 - 10 50 0
3 18 0 - 0 30
4 18 0 5 - 0
5 0 0 12 0 -
Total cost for the feasible soultion= 20+18+24+10+50+18+30+18+5+12= 205
4
Interchange between 1 and 4,
4 2 4
4 4 5 1
4 2 3
4 6
Figure 2 Initial Layout
]
5
The centroid after Interchange:
Deoartment X Y
(X1,Y1) 8 6
(X2,Y2) 2 2
(X3,Y3) 7 2
(X4,Y4) 2 6
(X5,Y5) 5 6
Calculate New Distance Matrix as shown in Table 7.
Table 7 Distance Matrix
Department 1 2 3 4 5
1 - 10 5 6 3
2 10 - 5 4 7
3 5 5 - 9 6
4 6 4 9 - 3
5 3 7 6 3 -
Calculate New Total Cost Matrix using Flow * cost x distance as given in Table 8
Flow from Table 3: (1,2)= 5
Table 8 Total Cost Matrix
Department 1 2 3 4 5
1 - 10*5=50 5*2=10 6*4=24 3*0=0
2 10*0=0 - 5*2=10 4*5=20 7*0=0
3 5*2=10 5*0=0 - 9*0=0 6*5=30
4 6*3=18 4*0=0 9*1=9 - 3*0=0
5 3*0=0 7*0=0 6*2=12 3*0=0 -
Total cost for the feasible soultion= 50+10+24+10+20+10+30+18+9+12= 193
Similary:
Pairwise Interchange Cost
1 and 2 205
1 and 4 193
1 and 5 208
2 and 3 197
2 and 4 201
3 and 4 178
3 and 5 183
4 and 5 163
