COMMUNITY MEDICINE

Final draft
SCREENING OF DISEASE

15 MARKS

Enumerate the types of ‘Screening for diseases. Mention the criterias those
must be satisfied for undertaking a seruning programe in a community. Justify
your answer in relation to diabetes. [15

What is screening? What are its uses? Describe the different types of screening [3+5+7]
giving suitable examples.

Write on difference between Screening and Diagnostic tests. Discuss on

different types of screening and their uses in preventing diseases. (15)

What is screening of Diseases? Write on different types of Screening

and uses of Screening. [3+6+6]

What is Screening of Diseases? Write on different types of Screening and uses of Screening.
[15]

What is screening? What are objectives and uses of screening? [3+7+5]

Describe the different types at screening with suitable examples.

What is screening for diseases? Write the types of screening with suitable [3+5+7]
examples. Mention the criteria for a screening test and the diseases to be
Screened.

SHORT NOTES

Sensitivity and Specificity

Sensitivity and Specificity

GERIATRICS

15 MARKS

Describe the health problem of geriatric age group in our country. Discuss the
mlasures to be adopted at the national and local level for prevention and
control of these problems. [15

Describe the health problems of the people of Geriatric age group. What steps
would you suggest for prevention and control of these problems? [7+8]

What are the health problems of the aged in india?

Dscribe the level of prevention for the health care of the
elderly people. [5+10]

MOTHER AND CHILD HEALTHCARE

15 MARKS

Discuss about the various initiatives under NRHM in Orissa. Justify their
role in reduction of IMR and MMR. 15

What is Maternal Mortality Ratio? Describe different causes of maternal death. [5+5+5]
Enumerate the initiatives taken to improve the health status of mothers

Define Maternal Mortality Ratio. Describe the causes of maternal mortality [5+5+5]
in India. Suggest preventive and Control measures for reduction of MMR.

Define Maternal Mortality Ratio. Describe the causes of maternal mortality [5+5+5]
in India. Suggest preventive and Control measures for reduction of MMR.

In a Sub-Centre, for the year 2010, total number of live Births is 164 &
the Deaths under one year of age is 14. Analyze the MCH situation &
suggest improvement measures. 5+5

SHORT NOTES

Couple Protection Rate

Couple Protection Rate
Post coital contraception
BFHI
Essential Obstetric Care
Services provided under ICDS scheme
Services provided under ICDS scheme
Services provided under ICDS scheme
Services provided under ICDS scheme
High Risk Pregnancy
Complication of Postnatal Period
Complication of Postnatal Period
At Risk Infants
At Risk Infants
Growth Chart
Growth Chart
Uses of Growth Chart
Intra Uterine Contraceptive Devices

EPIDEMIOLOGY

15 MARKS

One Health Worker of your PHC reported that a child aged about 2
years in village had mild fever for 2-3 days and thereafter THE CHILD
DEVELOPED Flaccid type of paralysis in the limbs. How will you investigate the
case and what steps you will take to prevent such cases in the locality.

Define Epidemiology. Mention the types of epidemiological studies. Give the

design of a randomized controlled trial. [3+6+6=15

Define epidemiology. Mention the difference between Case Control and Cohort Study. 5+10=15

Describe the different epidemiological methods. Discuss on descriptive

epidemiology and its uses. [5+10]

Define Epidemiology. Describe the uses of Epidemiology. Discuss the differences between [15]
Case control and cohort study.

Define Epidemiology. Describe the uses of Epidemiology and write the [5+5+5]
difference between Case-Control and Cohort study.

Define an Epidemic. Explain the features of Common source Epidemic with [3+6+6]
suitable example. Outline the steps involved in investigation of an epidemic.

You are the MO I/C of a Block PHC. Over last 2 to 3 days many cases of
children having fever with rash are coming to your OPD. What are the
steps you would like to take?

The people of village are suffering from Gastroenteritis for last one month.
They are using water from a community well. The well water has been found
to be contaminated. How will you manage the situation being a Medical
officer Incharge of the PHC covering that area? [10]
The Medical Office of a PHC has reported dental metting
in school children of a village. How will you investigate
and manage the problem. [10]

The medical officer of a PHC has reported dental mottling in school children [10]
of a village. How will you investigate and manage the problem.

You are a Medical Officer in a PHC; you notice that a no. of children are [10]
coming with dental mottling. Write down how you will investigate and
manage the situation.

You are a Medical Officer in a PHC; you notice that a no. of children are [10]
coming with dental mottling. Write down how you will investigate and
manage the situation.

In a school the students had sudden vimiting and [10]

abdominal pain within 12 hours of consuming food. Describe
the steps of investigation and control measures to be
undertaken.

In your PHC, a few cases of measles have been reported to you in [10]
the last week. As a medical officer, how will you investigate and
manage the problem?

The Medical Officer of a PHC reported that following immunization at an [5 + 5]

outreach session site within 4-5 days, many beneficiaries who received
Pentavalent vaccine developed injection site abscess. How will you
investigate and manage the problem. What measures you need to take
to prevent further occurrence of such situation.

The people of a village are suffering from Gastroenteritis for last one [10]
month. They are using water from a community well. The well water
has been found to be contaminated. How will you manage the situation
being a Medical Officer In-charge of the PHC covering that area?

SHORT NOTES

Case control study

Relative Risk
Relative risk
Relative Risk
Secondary attack rate
Prevalence Rate
Period Prevalence
Define Incidence. How it differs from Prevalence.
Define Incidence. How it differs from Prevalence.
Descriptive Epidemiology
Difference between Incidence and Prevalence
Difference between control, elimination and eradication

VACCINES

15 MARKS

Describe briefly on cold chaw. Mention the National Immunization schedule.

Give examples of four optional vaccines. [6+5+4=15

Describe the National Immunisation Schedule. Write in [15]

brief on Cold-Chain.

Describe the National Immunization Schedule. Write in brief on Cold-Chain. [15]

Classify adverse effects following immunization. How will you investigate [5+10]
a reported adverse effect after immunization.

SHORT NOTES

National Immunization Schedule

National Immunization Schedule
Difference between Schick Test and Shake Test
Cold Chain
Cold Chain Equipment
Cold Chain Equipment
Reverse Cold Chain
Open Vial Policy
MR Campaign
Four optional Vaccines
VVM
Vaccine Vial Monitor

OCCUPATIONAL HEALTH

15 MARKS

Define “Social Security” & give examples. Discuss the medical benefit &
sickness benefit of E.S.I Scheme. (5+10)

What are the health hazards due to industrialization? Suggest measures for its
prevention and control. [7+8]

Classify occupational diseases. Describe the hazards due to [5+5+5]

industrialization and its prevention.

Classify occupational diseases. Describe the hazards due to [5+5+5]

industrialization and its prevention.

SHORT NOTES

ESI Act
Maternity benefit under ESI Act.
Heat Stroke
Heat Stroke
Comfort zone
Health Problem due to Industrialization
Social Security
Social Security
Social Security
Occupational Dermatitis.
Occupational Dermatitis
Crèche

DISEASES AND HEALTH PROGRAMS

15 MARKS

Describe the Epidemiology of Obesity & its Prevention. (8+7)

Define Obesity. How will you assess it? Discuss the different health
consequences of Obesity. Suggest measures for its prevention and control. [15]

Define obesity. How will you assess it? Discuss the [15]
different health consequences of obesity. Suggest measures
for its prevention and control.

Describe the Epidemiology of Obesity & its Prevention. [8 + 7]

A 50-year obese man reported to the hospital with the chief complain of [10]
head reeling for last 2 days. He is also a smoker. On examination blood pressure
was found to be 140/100 mm. of Hg. As a medical officer how will you classify this
blood pressure? Also describe the management of this case with special emphasis on
diet and smoking habit.

What are the agent, host and environmental factors responsible for [6+6+3]
Carcinogenesis in human being. Describe the primary level of prevention of
cancer. Briefly describe the role of National Cancer Control Programme in
Control and Prevention of Cancer in India.

What is Rabies? Describe the Epidemiology and steps to be

taken for rabies prevention. [2+7+6]

What are Zoonosis? Enumerate five Zoonotic diseases of public health [3+3+9]
importance. How do you manage a case of dog bite brought to you within
2 hours of bite.

Describe the epidemiology and prevention of

Poliomyclitis. Discuss the strategies adopted for
eradication of poliomyelitis in India. [4+4+7]

Describe the agent, host and environmental factors in the Natural History of [6+6+3]
tuberculosis. What are the objectives and components of RNTCP. How do you
manage a case of cat I tuberculosis according to RNTCP treatment guideline.

What is NVBDCP? What are the diseases under cover of NVBDCP? How malaria [3+3+6+3]
Cases are treated according to National Drug Policy? What is integrated vector
control in Malaria?

What is NVBDCP? What are the diseases covered under NVBDCP? How [3+2+5+5]
malaria cases are treated under National drug policy? What is integrated
vector control in malaria?

Describe the Epidemiology of Dengue. Write down the clinical features and [3+7+5]
laboratory diagnosis of Dengue. What are the control measures of Dengue?

A pregnant woman has come to you in her first trimester of pregnancy. Her
husband is found to be HIV positive recently. How will you manage the case
and what advice you need to give to the couple? [10]

A pregnant woman has come to you in her first trimester [10]

of pregnancy. Her husband is found to be HIV positive recently.
How will you manage the case and What advice you need to give
to the couple?
SHORT NOTES

Latent Period
Swine flu
BCC
Iodine deficiency disorders (IDD)
Vitamin A Prophylaxis Programme
Vit A Prophylaxis Programe
Vit-A Prophylaxies Programme
O.R.S
Risk factors for CHD.
Risk factors for CHD
Risk Factors for CHD
Tobacco Hazards
Tobacco Hazards
Nosocomial Infection
Nosocomial Infection
Vision 2020
Objectives of RNTCP
Objectives of RNTCP
Objectives of RNTCP
Integrated Vector Control
Integrated Vector Control
NIPI (National Iron Plus Initiative)
NIPI (National Iron Plus Initiative)
CD4 Cell Count.
Primary prevention of road traffic accidents
Primary prevention road traffic accidents
Objectives of school health service.
Objectives of School Health Service.
Objectives of School Health Service
Objectives of School Health Service.
Mass Drug Administration (MDA)
Rastriya Swasthya Bima Yojana
Passive smoking
Passive Smoking
Passive smoking
Passive smoking
Primary Prevention of Obesity
Diagnosis of Malaria according to NVBDCP
Biological Transmission
HEALTH

15 MARKS

Describe different modes of intervention in relation to the natural history of

diseases for their prevention. [15]

What is natural history of disease? Describe the different

phases in natural history of disease. Describe different
levels of prevention with suitable examples. [3+6+6]

What is natural history of disease? Describe the different phases in [3+6+6]

natural history of disease. Describe different levels of prevention with
suitable examples.

What is natural history of disease? Describe the different phases in natural [4+6+5]
history of disease. Write different levels of prevention with suitable examples.

Describe the concept of “Natural history of disease” with the help of a [7+8]
schematic diagram. Mention the levels of prevention and modes of
Intervention.

Describe the concept of “Natural history of disease” with the help of a [7+8]
schematic diagram. Mention the levels of prevention and modes of
intervention.

What is epidemiological triad? Describe the natural history of disease. [5+10]

What is epidemiological triad? Describe the natural [15]

history of disease?

What is epidemiological triad? Describe the natural history of disease. [10]

Write briefly the determinants of Health. Explain with examples how

Health is a consequence fo ‘life-Style’. [7+8]

Write briefly the determinants of Health. Explain with [15]

examples how Health is a consequence of ‘Life Style’.

What do you mean by Health Indicator? List the types of Health Indicators. [3+5+7]
Describe the Morbidity and Mortality Indicators.

What do you understand by indicators of health? What are the characteristics [3+5+7]
of indicators? Discuss the mortality indicators.
Define health. Mention the dimensions of health. Describe the various [3+6+6]
factors which influence health.

Discuss the role of socio cultural factors in health and disease. [10]

SHORT NOTES

Community diagnosis
Disease Surveillance
Primordial Prevention
Primordial prevention
Primordial prevention
Ice berg phenomena
Iceberg phenomenon of disease.
Iceberg phenomenon of disease
Mortality Indicators
Herd Immunity
Herd Immunity
Comprehensive indicators of Health
Concepts of health
Epidemiological triad
Epidemiological Triad
Place distribution of disease/health related events.
Responsibility for Health
Health sickness Spectrum
Sentinel Surveillance
PQLI
PQLI
PQLI
PQLI
Spectrum of health
Human development index
Human Development Index
Human Development Index
Terminal disinfection
Iatrogenic infection
Herd Immunity
CHC AND PHC AND ASHA

15 MARKS

Write about the Organization & Functions of C.H.C (Community Health

Centre). (7+8)

Proportion of fully Immunized children in your PHC is much less in

comparison to other PHCs in the district. As Medical Officer of the PHC,
what steps you will take to improve the situation.

Describe the role and responsibility of ASHA, working under NRHM. As a

Medical Office of a CHC, mention how you can evaluate ASHA’s activity in
your block. [15]

Describe the role and responsibility of ASHA working under NRHM. As a Medical Officer of a
[15] CHC, mention how you can evaluate ASHA’s activity in your block.

Define primary health care. What are its components? Describe how primary [3+5+7]
health care is provided to rural areas in India?

Describe the role, responsibilities of ASHA, working under NRHM. As a medical [10+5]
officer of a CHC, mention how you can evaluate ASHA’s activity in your block.

What are the different Levels in Health Care Delivery system in India. Discuss [5+10]
about the Indian Public Health Standards for PHCs.

SHORT NOTES

ASHA
Accessibility and affordability of Primary Health Care.
Village Health and Nutrition Day (VHND)
NGOs in the field of Health
National Health Policy
Primary-Health Care
Primary – Health Care
Primary-Health Care
Enumerate Principles of Primary Health Care
NRHM
Levels of health care
Schedules for Antenatal visits
Pearl Index
HEALTH PLANNING

15 MARKS

What is Health Planning? Enumerate the steps in health planning cycle. Describe the steps in
[15]
relation to growing burden of malaria in Odisha.

What is Planning Cycle? Enumerate the steps of Planning Cycle. What is PERT [2+9+4]
and how it is used as a management technique ?

SHORT NOTES

Planning CYCLE.
Planning Cycle
Planning Cycle
Planning CYCLE
Explain Stages of planning Cycle with a Diagram
Explain Stages of planning Cycle with a Diagram
Stages of Demographic Cycle
Stages of Demography Cycle
Stages of Demographic Cycle
Define Objective , Target and Goal
Define Objective , Target and Goal
Unmet need in Family Planning

HEALTH COMMUNICATION AND HEALTH EDUCATION

15 MARKS

What are the components of communication process?

Describe the approaches to health education. [5+10]

Define Health Education and describe the various approaches and [5+5+5]
application of Health Education.

What are the components of communication process? Describe the [5 + 10]

approaches to health education.

Define Health Education and describe the various approaches and [5+5+5]
application of Health Education.

SHORT NOTES

Principles of Health Education

Group discussion as a method of health communication.
Sources of Health Information.
Social marketing
Barriers of Communication
Barriers of Communication
Symposium

MISCELLANIOUS

15 MARKS

Describe, in brief, Bio-Medical Waste Management done in your institution. 15

Describe the monitorable time bound Goals and the thrust areas to be
pursued in Health Sector for 11th five year plan. 15

Describe the steps for Evaluation of Health Services. 15

Discuss in detail about National Health Policy of India. 15

Describe the Demographic Trend of India & the factors influencing it. (7+8)
What is Air pollution? Discuss its ill effects on health. How to prevent
and control Air Pollution? (5+5+5)

Discuss on different Community Nutrition Programmers in India. (15)

Discuss urbanization and its impact on health in the Indian context. [10]

SHORT NOTES

Bio-medical waste management

Census
Genetic counseling.
Genetic counseling
Genetic counseling
Genetic Counseling
Genetic counseling
Counseling
Counselling
Counseling
Counseling
Eugenics
UNICEF
UNICEF
UNICEF
UNICEF
Services provided by UNICEF.
GOBI
GOBI
GOBIFFF
Sex ratio
Sex Ratio
Statified random sampling
Stratified random sampling
Acculturation and its Role in Modern Diseases.
Acculturation
Acculturation
WHO
Gene Therapy
Sampling
Rule of Halves
Safe and Wholesome Water
Safe and Wholesome Water
Safe and Wholesome Water
Safe and Wholesome Water
Health Related goals of MDG
Overcrowding
Overcrowding
Over Crowding
Sanitation Barrier
Colour Coded Kits for STI/RTI
Triage in Disaster Management
Social Pathology
Doctor -Patient Relationship
Preplacement Examination

IMNCI CHARTS

A new born baby was brought to you on 4th day after birth. According
to the history from the mother, the baby was feeding properly till
yesterday i.e. 3rd day and today i.e. 4th day the baby is unable to suck
from the mother. How will you proceed for diagnosis and management
of the case and what further steps you will take so that such cases do
not occur in future? 10

You are the MO I/C of a Block PHC. Over last 2 to 3 days many cases of
children having fever with rash are coming to your OPD. What are the
steps you would like to take?

A new born was brought to you on 5th day birth. As per the statement
of the mother, the baby was feeding properly till the end of 3rd day.
From 4th day the baby is unable to suck from the mother. After taking
all possible steps on 4th day there is no change. How you will proceed
for diagnosis and management of the case? Discuss the measures so
that such cases do not occur in future. [10]

A new born was brought to you on 5th day after birth. As per the statement [10]
of the mother the baby was feeding properly till the end of 3rd day. From 4th day
the baby is unable to suck from the mother. After taking all possible steps on 4th
day there is no change. How you will proceed for diagnosis and management
of the case? Discuss the measures so that such cases do not occur in future.

A new born was brought to you on 5th day after birth. As per the [10]
statement of the mother, the baby was feeding properly till the end of
3rd day. From 4th day the baby is unable to suck from the mother. After
taking all possible steps on 4th day there is no change. How you will proceed
for diagnosis and management of the case? Discuss the measures so that such
cases do not occur in future.

A mother of 7 days child complains that the child is not feeding anything since [5+5]
Since yesterday. How do you manage the child according to IMNCI management Protocol?

What is essential New born care? According to IMNCI guideline how do you [5+5]
manage a new born with birth weight 2000 gm developing hypothermia after
24 hrs of birth.

What is essential new born care? According to IMNCI guideline how do you [10]
manage a new born with birth weight 2000 gm developing hypothermia after
24 hrs of birth.

A child of 7 months has been brought to you for she is coughing for 2 weeks. [10]
On examination, you find her Temperature is 38.5 C, wt. 6 kg, she is lethargic,
Her Respiratory rate is 55/ min and has chest in-drawing. She comes from a
low malaria risk area. As a medical Officer, PHC, how you will manage the case?
A child of 7 months has been brought to you for she is coughing for 2 weeks. [10]
On examination, you find her Temperature is 38.5 C, wt. 6 kg, she is lethargic,
Her Respiratory rate is 55/ min and has chest in-drawing. She comes from a
low malaria risk area. As a medical Officer, PHC, how you will manage the case?

A 7 months old male baby was brought to the OPD by his mother, presented [10]
with frequent passage of loose stools and vomiting. On examination the baby
was restless and irritable and has sunken eyes. Classify the diarrhoea and
describe the outline of management.

SHORT NOTES

IMNCI

NUTRITION

What is balance diet? Prepare a balanced diet chart for a pregnant woman
wiging 45kg, in her scond trimes ter. She is a house wife and belongs to low
socioeconomic status. [10

What are the Indicators of Nutritional status of a community? What

preventive measures would you suggest in a PHC area to eliminate
Malnutrition. [5+5]

SHORT NOTES

Food fortification
Food fortification
Nutritional Anemia
Nutritional Anemia
Nutritional Anemia
Hidden Hunger
Dietary Fibre
Invisible Fat

BIOSTATS

Statistical Averages
Standard normal curve
Measures of Dispersion
Measures of dispersion
Measures of Dispersion
Measures of Dispersion in a data.
Diagrammatic Representation of Data.
Standard Normal Curve

Fill in the blanks :

a) ______ and _______ are given to an infant between 9–12 months of age.

(b) The first case of communicable disease introduced into a population unit

under study is ___________ case and the attention of the investigator is case.

(c) _________ tablets and ___________ vaccine are given to a pregnant woman.

(d) The cause of Neurolathyrism is __________ toxin and the alkaloid for

epidemic dropsy present in argemone.

(e) ___________ and __________ are examples of morbidity indicators.

(i) Health promotion and specific protection are primary level of prevention.

Similarly _________ and ___________ are Secondary level of prevention.

(ii) Total number of new cases indicates _________ rate and the total number

of both Old and new cases indicate __________ rate.

(iii) The first dose of Vit. A solution under Vit. A prophylaxis is given at

________ age and continued till __________ age.

(iv) ___________ and ____________ vaccines are given ‘At birth’.

(v) Pqli consolidates three Wdicators as infant mortality rate ___ and ____.

(a) _____________ is intermediate host and ___________ is primary host in Malaria.

(b) SA 14.14.2 is the value for ________________ .

(c) Incubation period of measles is ____________ days.

(d) According to PFA Act Iodine Content of Salt at consumer level should not be
less than _____________ ppm.

(e) Population covered by SC in Tribal area is __________.

(f) Toxic Shock Syndrome is a complication associated is _____________ vaccine.

(g) Duration of treatment of PB leprosy is ________ blister packs is _____ months.

(h) In a group discussion minimum numbers of persons are _____________.

(i) In JSY, ASHA package in urban area in LPS is ______________ rupees.

(j) Resistance developed towards ______ & _____ drugs is considered as MDRTB.

(a) …………….. is the Intermediate host and ……………. is the primary host in Malaria.

(b) SA 14. 14. 2 is the value for …………………………

(c) Incubation period at measles is ……………………….. days.

(d) According to PFA act, Iodine content of salt at consumer level should not be

Less than ………… ppm

(e) Population covered by sub centre at Tribal area is ………………………

(f) TSS is a complication associated with …………………….. vaccine

(g) Duration of treatment of PB leprosy …………….. blister packs is for ………. months

(h) In a group discussion minimum numbers of persons are ……………….

(I) In JSY, ASHA package in urban area in LPS is ……………………. Rupees

(j) Resistance developed towards ………… and ………….. drugs is considered as

MDRTB.

Write in one sentence: [1x10]

(a) What is denominator is U5 mortality rate?

(b) Advantages of L. L. I. N.
(c) Target population in Pulse Polio Immunisation.

(d) Number of persons forming a group in group discussion.

(e) Common side effects and toxicity of Rifampicin.

(f) Amplifying Host in J.E. Transmission.

(g) What is a LBW?

(h) Four general danger signs in 2 month to 5 months child.

(i) ASHA Package in rural area is low performing states.

(j) Extrinsic Incubation period in malaria.