Tayseer al Kareem ar Rahman
Surah al Fatiha
(Meccan Surah) / (1) < < (2) (4) (3) . (5) < . (7) : < (6)
"In the name of Allah, the Beneficent, the Merciful, Praise be to Allah, Lord Worlds, Merciful. of the Worlds, The Beneficent, the Merciful. Owner of the Day of Judgment, You (alone) we worship; You alone we ask for help. Show us the straight path, the path of those whom Thou hast favored; Not (the path) of those astray." who earn Your anger nor of those who astray."
By Shaykh 'Abdur Rahman as Sa'di [died 1376 after hijrah] Translated By Abu Sulaymaan Muhammad Ibn Baker www.abusuliyman.multiply.com
Tayseer al Kareem ar Rahman
Tafsir
Shaykh 'Abdur Rahman as Sa'di explained the previous surah by saying: , this is because the term: Firstly I will begin with all the names of Allah
'Ismu [i.e. name/noun]
Is by definition, a singular (noun) that is adjoined (to the following word), so for that reason its meaning encompasses all of the most beautiful names of Allah.
/
"Allah" Allah"
By definition He is the one who is [truly] worshipped and devotion is given to, He is deserving of being singled out alone for worship, where as He is described with Attributes/Qualities of Divinity [i.e. to be worshipped] which are perfect qualities.
Merciful" "The Beneficent, the Merciful"
Are two names indicating that Allah is the sole owner of mercy that is expansive, tremendous, it encompasses everything, embracing all living things, He [Allah] has written this mercy for the mutaqeen [pious] who follow the way of the prophets and messengers; for them is an unrestricted mercy and for other than them is a portion of.
By Shaykh 'Abdur Rahman as Sa'di [died 1376 after hijrah] Translated By Abu Sulaymaan Muhammad Ibn Baker www.abusuliyman.multiply.com
Tayseer al Kareem ar Rahman
And know! That from the principles agreed upon among ummah of the Salaf, the first three generations of Muslims and those who follow their way until the last hour, and its leaders is they have Emaan [Belief] in the names of Allah, His attributes and the ruling/judgment concerning those attributes. Thus, they believe for example that Allah is Rahman Raheem, who has ownership of mercy of which He is described with; this mercy is directly related to those who have been showed mercy to [the creation]. Therefore the blessings in totality, is one trace from the many traces of His mercy; and similarly this is the rest of Allah's names. It is stated regarding Allah's names, Al-'Aleem: "Verily Allah is 'Aleem [All-Knowledgeable] the possessor of knowledge of every matter, He Qadeer [All-Capable] the possessor of ability in which He is able to do all things."
<
Allah" "Praise be to Allah"
Meaning, the lauding and exalting of Allah by way of His complete/perfect attributes, His actions revolving around His virtue and His fairness/just; therefore to Allah is the perfect Praise in all consideration and aspects.
(1) <
Worlds" "Lord of the Worlds"
By Shaykh 'Abdur Rahman as Sa'di [died 1376 after hijrah] Translated By Abu Sulaymaan Muhammad Ibn Baker www.abusuliyman.multiply.com
Tayseer al Kareem ar Rahman
Rabb, He [Allah] by definition He is the One who nurtures, develops and educates all of the creation the creation is everything other than Allahwith His making of them, His preparation of tools/instruments for their disposal. His tremendous blessings upon them in which if any of it were to diminish, then it would not be possible for the creation to remain [in existence]; so whatever of a blessing for them, then verily it is from Allah . Allah's Tarbiyah [i.e. nurturing and development] of the creation is of two types: general and specific. As for the Tarbiyah that is general it is His making of the universe, their provisions, their guidance to that which within it is their betterment, upon it is their means for remaining in the Dunya. As for the Tarbiyah that is specific, it is His nurturing of His Awliyah [i.e. friends, protectors of the religion of Islam]. Thus Allah nurtures them upon Emaan [faith], granting success to this Tarbiyah, perfecting it for them, repelling diversions from them, repelling the obstacles and obstructions between them and Allah; its true meaning is nurtured success towards all good and a protection against all evil. Perhaps, this meaning is the secret behind majority of the prophets' supplications using the wording Rabb. For indeed their requests in totality fall under Allah's specific Lordship, so Allah's statement has indicated
(1) <
Worlds "Lord of the Worlds"
By Shaykh 'Abdur Rahman as Sa'di [died 1376 after hijrah] Translated By Abu Sulaymaan Muhammad Ibn Baker www.abusuliyman.multiply.com
Tayseer al Kareem ar Rahman
is upon His uniqueness in creating, governing [affairs of the universe], His blessings, His complete self-sufficiency and the total dependency of the creation to Him in all aspects and considerations.
Judgment" "Owner of the Day of Judgment
Al-Malik, by definition is the One who is distinguished with the quality of Mulk [sovereignty] which from its traces is that He, Allah, commands and prohibits rewards and punishes, directs His servants in all types of directions. Allah's sovereignty is adjoined to yawmu-Deen [the Day of Judgment]. A day the people will be judged in it for their actions, the good and the bad, that is because within that day Allah will make completely apparent to the creation His perfect ownership, fairness and His wisdom; and He will cut off all ownership/power of the creation to the extent that indeed Allah will make on that day everyone equalthe kings, the guardians, the servants and the free. All of them giving in to His tremendousness, submissive to His might, awaiting His recompense, hoping for His reward, fearing His chastisement; for this reason Allah has specified that day by mentioning it for no other reason except that He is Al-Malik of the Day of Judgment and all the days that preceded it. And Allah's statement:
(4)
help." "You (alone) we worship; You alone we ask for help."
By Shaykh 'Abdur Rahman as Sa'di [died 1376 after hijrah] Translated By Abu Sulaymaan Muhammad Ibn Baker www.abusuliyman.multiply.com
Tayseer al Kareem ar Rahman
Meaning, we specify you (Allah) alone with worship and in seeking aid. This is because of the proceeding of who the deed is done for is to convey a complete, self-contained meaning of Hasr [i.e. a restriction]and affirming the ruling of what has been mentioned and a negation from everything else other than [that thing being mentioned]. So just like he would say: "We worship you [Allah] and we will not worship other than you [Allah]; we seek assistance n you [Allah] and we will not seek assistance in other than you [Allah]." Allah had placed 'Ibadah before 'Isti'anah, by way of general (matters) taking precedence over specific (matters), the right of Allah proceeds the right of the His servants. 'Ibadah [worship] is a comprehensive noun for all of what Allah loves and is please with from actions and statements done outwardly and inwardly. 'Isti'anah is having total reliance on Allah in bringing about benefit, repelling harm, along with trusting Allah in obtaining that (goal). And with the establishment of Allah's worship and seeking aid in Him is the means towards achieving eternal happiness and safety from all evil. Thus there is no path to safety except by establishing these two things. Merely worship is worship when it is taken from the Messenger of Allah , intending in that worship Allah's face. For with these two matters it becomes worship. Allah had mentioned 'Isti'anah after 'Ibadah along with its entry of 'Isti'anah being mentioned within worship.
By Shaykh 'Abdur Rahman as Sa'di [died 1376 after hijrah] Translated By Abu Sulaymaan Muhammad Ibn Baker www.abusuliyman.multiply.com
Tayseer al Kareem ar Rahman
This is due to the servants' dire need in all of his worship for seeking Allah's aid. For if Allah does not aid the servant; then the servant would not be able to obtain that which he needs to perform the commands and stay away from the prohibitions. Afterwards Allah says:
(6) < . path" "Show us the straight path"
Meaning O Allah show us, guide us and grant us success to Siraatul Mustaqeem. It is the clear path reaching to Allah and His paradise, and its path is to have knowledge of Haqq [the truth] and implementation of it. Thus, O Allah guides us to the path and guide us while on the path. For guidance to the path is clinging to the religion of Islam and abandoning all other religions. And guidance while on the path encompasses guidance to all the detailed religious matters knowledge based and practical implementation of it. For this Du'a is from the most comprised (sums up) and most beneficial supplications for the servant. This is the reason why Allah has placed an obligation upon the Muslim to supplicate to Him with it in every ra'kah [unit of prayer] of the Muslim's prayerdo to the servant's urgency for that supplication.
By Shaykh 'Abdur Rahman as Sa'di [died 1376 after hijrah] Translated By Abu Sulaymaan Muhammad Ibn Baker www.abusuliyman.multiply.com
Tayseer al Kareem ar Rahman
This Siraatul Mustaqeem is
. "the path of those whom Thou hast favored"
From the prophets, the truthful, the martyrs and the righteous
"Not" Not The path < anger" "of those who earn Your anger"
Those who know the truth and abandoned it similar to the Jews and those in likeness of them; and not the path of
(7) : astray" "those who astray"
Those who abandon Haqq [i.e. the truth] due to ignorance and misguidancesimilar to the Christians and those like of them.
By Shaykh 'Abdur Rahman as Sa'di [died 1376 after hijrah] Translated By Abu Sulaymaan Muhammad Ibn Baker www.abusuliyman.multiply.com
Tayseer al Kareem ar Rahman
This surah in summary contains in it which no other surah of the Qur'an contains. For it is comprised of the three categories of Tawheed: Tawheed Rubbobiyah can be taken from the statement of Allah :
(2) < Worlds "Lord of the Worlds"
Tawheed of 'Ilahiyah means the singling of Allah alone with worship from the wording
Allah" "to Allah"
And from the Allah's statement:
worship" "You (alone) we worship"
Tawheedul-Asmaa wa Sifaat [Names and Attributes] by definition is affirming the perfect attributes for Allah alone which He has affirmed for Himself and His messenger has affirmed for Allah without denial of any attributes, nor likeness or similarity [to the creation].
By Shaykh 'Abdur Rahman as Sa'di [died 1376 after hijrah] Translated By Abu Sulaymaan Muhammad Ibn Baker www.abusuliyman.multiply.com
Tayseer al Kareem ar Rahman
10
Indeed Allah indicates that in the wording:
< "Praise" "Praise"
As previously mentioned. And the surah is comprised of the establishment of prophet hood [of Allah's messenger ] in Allah's statement :
< . path" "Show us the straight path"
Because it is a rejection of any other messenger ship [after the prophet ]. The surah affirms the recompense of the deeds in Allah's statement :
Judgment" "Owner of the Day of Judgment
Meaning that the recompense will be done with justice, because the meaning of Deen is recompense with justice.
By Shaykh 'Abdur Rahman as Sa'di [died 1376 after hijrah] Translated By Abu Sulaymaan Muhammad Ibn Baker www.abusuliyman.multiply.com
Tayseer al Kareem ar Rahman
11
And the surah is comprised of establishing the Qadr that the servant in reality is the doer (of his own actions) in contrast of the Qadariyah and Jabbariyah; rather the surah comprises of a refutation against all the people of Innovation and Misguidance within Allah's statement :
< . path" "Show us the straight path"
Because the straight path is to have knowledge of the truth and implementing it and every person of innovation and misguidance opposes that. The surah comprises of Ikhlaas in the religion for Allah alone in worship and seeking aid in the statement of Allah :
"You (alone) we worship; You alone we ask for help." help."
Thus the praise is for Allah (alone) the Lord of all the worlds.
By Shaykh 'Abdur Rahman as Sa'di [died 1376 after hijrah] Translated By Abu Sulaymaan Muhammad Ibn Baker www.abusuliyman.multiply.com
