Migration to Abyssinia 5th ph

● During the fifth year of prophethood, Surah Az-Zumar was revealed

“Good is for those who do good in this world, and Allah`s earth is
spacious. Only those who are patient shall receive their rewards in
full, without reckoning” In these lines Allah allows prophet to migrate if
he has to, to save the Muslims from the persecutions of quraish.
● Abyssinia was chosen as Ume Aiman and Hazrat Bilal were from
there and as the king there (negus) was known to be fair.
● The first group prophet sent was of 15 Muslims. This group consisted
of Hazrat Ruqayya and her husband Usman bin Affan, Abu Salamah
and Umme Salamah, Jafar bin Abi Talib and his wife Asma. The
Christians warmly welcomed them in Abyssinia.
● During the same year, surah an-Naim was revealed. Prophet was
reciting it in front of many people and when they heard it they all fell
into prostration. The news of the event was misreported to the
Muslims in Abyssinia and they were told that almost all persecutions
were stopped. They decided to come back to Makkah. On the border
of Makkah, they realized this news wasn't true. Some went back to
Abyssinia and some stayed in Makkah.
● The second group of Muslims who migrated consisted of 98 people.
● When Quraish got this news they were furious and decided to send
Amr ibn Al-As and Abdullah ibn Rabiah with expensive gifts for
Negus.
● They told Negus “Some foolish young men have come from our
country to your country. They have invented a new religion that is
neither ours neither yours. Their families have sent us to request you
to send them back.” Negus replied that he would first question the
Muslims
● He summoned the Muslims to court and Jafar bin Abi Talib (ra)
chosen by the Muslims. Hazrat Jafar gave a speech “O king! We were
wicked and ignorant people who worshiped idols and ate corpses. We
committed all types of disgraceful acts and did not pay our due
 obligations to neighbors and relatives. The strong of us suppressed
the weak. Then Allah raised a Prophet (pbuh) amongst us whose
nobility, righteousness, good character and pure life were well known
to us. When we believed in him and acted upon his nice teachings,
our people began persecuting us. When their cruelties became
unbearable, we took shelter in your country by the permission of our
Prophet (pbuh).”
● and recited Surah Maryam. “How can I have a son when no man has
touched me nor am I unchaste, He said,” so your lord said that is easy
for me”.
● This touched the heart of Negus and the court and let the Muslims
stay.
● On the second day of court, the two men took a verse from the Quran,
changed it, and told Negus that the verse said “Jesus is the slave”
● Negus called the Muslims again and asked them, they corrected the
verse “Isa is the slave of Allah, His messenger”
● Negus got mad at the two men from the Quraish and sent them back
with their gifts.
● Negus had wanted to convert to Islam but the court did not let him as
it would cause a conflict and be hard to rule. At the funeral of Negus
prophet prayed his funeral prayer, which tells us that he had
converted in seceret.
● Avantages of migration;
Spread religion, safety, freedom to practice religion, and allowed them
to be at ease.

6th Year of prophethood

● Two important conversions
● First, the Uncle of prophet, Hazrat Hamza. He was a wrestler,
and hunter and spent a lot of time outside of Makkah. He was
returning from hunting and went to kabah to pay his money when
he saw people gathered around there. He asked what happened
 and the people told him that Abu Jhal had embarrassed prophet
horribly. He got mad and stormed to Abu Jhal's house and told
him to stop and that if he wants to fight prophet he would have to
fight him first. He converted to Islam which gave prophet
protection and people were scared of him.
● Secondly, Hazrat Umar. He was against Islam. He was highly
respected by the Quraish and when he heard about what
happened in Abyssinia he got mad and set out to kill the prophet.
On his way, he stopped by Nuaym. Nuaym asked where he was
going and when Hazrat Umar told him he was going to
assassinate prophet he got worried and told HA Umar to sort out
his household problems. He betrayed his fellow Muslims to
inform the prophet about the assassination attempt. Hazrat
Umars sister Farima dn her husnnaamd had converted. They
were reciting surah Taha. When HA Usman entered he asked
them what they were reciting. He snatched the parchment from
his sister's hand and was touched by the verses of the Quran.
He went to prophet and converted.

Boycott/The Ban 7-9th ph

● The boycott or the ban took place in the 7th-9th year of prophethood.
● The Quraish were getting desperate to get rid of the prophet and stop
him. They even tried to strangle the prophet and beat him and Hazrat
Abu Bakr up till they both were severely injured and unconscious.
● Hazrat Abu Talib understood the danger the prophet was in and made
most of the Banu Muttalib tribe vow to protect the prophet. This was
known as jiwar.
● The Quraish got fed up and gave the Banu Muttalib clan two options,
1- The Prophet would give up his prophethood. 2-Bannu Mutalib clan
would lift jiwar.
● The Bannu Muttalib tribe refused and the Quraish put a ban on the
Banu Muttalib clan. When the Banu Hashim clan refused to
acknowledge this ban they were included as well.
● The terms of the ban were that there would be no contact between
the people of Quraish and the two clans. There would be no trade,
selling, or buying between them. No intermarriage, no mercy, and no
supply of resources to them.
● Bagheed bin Amir wrote down the terms of the ban on paper and
the terms were signed by over 40 leaders and put in the Kabah, Later
his hand was paralyzed.
● The two clans were forced to leave Makkah and Abu Talib let them
stay in Shib-e-Abu Talib, a valley.
● Hazrat Abu Bakr was concerned for the prophet and switched places
at night.
● The Muslims suffered a lot. They were starved, and the babies' cries
could be heard in Makkah. There was no water or food left so they
ate the boiled skin of camels and leaves.
● They were only allowed back in Makkah during the pilgrimage
season. What the Quraish would do is they would trade with them
before so they would have nothing left to trade with the Muslims.
● Many people also helped the prophet. Abu Talib used all of his wealth
to help the prophet. Hazrat Umar helped with providing safety and
wealth. Hazrat Khadijas's nephew used to sneak bags of flour and
one day he got caught by Abu Jhal luckily someone distracted Abu
Jhal and Hazrat Khadijas's nephew could get away. Hashim bin Amir
also sneaked food to help Muslims.
● Some people from the Quraish decided this ban was too cruel.
People like Hashim bin Amir took a stand. The Quraish decided to
look at the paper with the term. When they went in the kabah to look
at it it was eaten by termites and only the name of Allah was left.
● The Quraish were shocked and after 3 years the banu hashim and
mutalib were allowed back into Makkah
 Year of Grief 10th ph
● 6 months after returning from the shib Abi Talib, Abu Talib fell
seriously ill. The Quraish came to him offering gifts to the prophet in
exchange for prophethood which the prophet refused. The prophet
tried to convince Abu Talib to take the Shahada. The Quraish said,
“Would you really turn away from Abdul Muttalib’s religion?” Abu Talib
did not want to dishonor the religion of his ancestors because of this
he didn't take the shahada and passed away. the prophet vowed to
ask for his forgiveness until Allah forbade him. After Abu Talib's death
prophet lost Jizya, His main source of protection. Prophet lost one of
his biggest supporters. Abu Talib after his death the persecution
intensified and prophet's life was in danger.
● After the death of Abu Talib soon after HA Khadija passed away at
the age of 65. (Prophet was 50) HA Khadija provided the prophet with
financial help, she encouraged the prophet and comforted him when
he was feeling down.
● The replacement for Abu Talib as a leader was Abu Lahab. This was
concerning as Abu Lahab was one of the main persecutors of the
prophet.
● This year was tough for the prophet as he lost two of his closest and
biggest supporters.

Visit to Taif 10th ph

● Taif`s support would have been important as Quraish had financial
and political interests in Taif. Al Laats temple was in Taif.
● The persecution had intensified due to Abu Talib's death. Prophet
needed a safe place for the Muslims to stay.
● Prophet went to Taif with Hazrat Zaid Bin Harris, secretly.
● They went to Al Laats temple. Three brothers were guarding it. When
prophet preached Islam to them they replied “could God find no one
 but you? If God has sent you, I will tear down the hangings of
Kabah!”,”If you are a messenger from God, you are too great for me.
If you are lying then you are not worthy enough for me to talk to”
● Prophet continued trying to preach Islam for 10 days. The people got
fed up and chased him and Hazrat Zaid out of Taif by throwing rocks
at them. Both got severely hurt and ran to the outskirts of Taif.
● They found a garden that belonged to Utbaha and Shaybah.
● Hazrat Zaid decided to go find some help leaving prophet alone.
● Utbah and Shaybah were both watching the scene from a distance
● Prophet decided to make a dua to Allah.”Oh Allah! Into whose hands
would you abandon me, the enemy who has been given control over
me? But there is nothing to worry about if your anger does not fall
upon me. There is no Might and no Power except through you!”
● After this dua, Angel Jibraeel and the Angle of mountains came down
to the prophet and announced “Oh messenger of Allah, Allah has
heard your prayer. He has sent me the angles of mountain. If you say,
we will crush the people of Taif between two mountains.”
● To this, the prophet replied “I rather hope that someone from their
descendants will worship one Allah”
● The brothers saw this and felt piety for prophet. They sent their
Christian slave Addas to give prophet grapes. Before eating the
grapes prophet said Bismillah. Addas asked what this meant. To this,
the prophet asked which land do you belong to?. The slave answered
Neniwah. Prophet replied to the land of Yunus. The slave asked
prophet how he knew Yunus. Prophet replied “He is my brother. He
was a prophet and I am a prophet too.” The slave was impressed and
in gratitude kissed the hand of prophet. When the slave came back
the brothers scolded him for kissing the hand of prophet and he
replied “He has told me something only a prophet could know”
● After this prophet and Hazrat Zaid left. While returning they stopped
at a place to pray where 7 jins converted. When returning they
needed safety. Mutin the chief of Naufal agreed to provide security
and escorted prophet and Hazrat Zaid bin Harris to Makkah.
 Pledges of Aqabah 12-13 ph
● In the 11th year of prophethood, six people from the Khazraj tribe in
Madine accepted Islam as they found similarities in it with the religion
they were following. They promised to go back and preach Islam to
the people in Madina and then come back next year with more
people.
● In the 12th year of prophethood, 12 people secretly met the prophet
in Aqabah. They took a pledge to believe in the oneness of Allah and
avoid all sinful acts which is known as the first pledge of Aqabah.”We
pledge our allegiance to the messenger of Allah Hazrat Muhammad
that we would associate nothing with Allah, that we would neither
steal, nor commit fornication, nor slay our offspring, nor utter
slanders; and that we would not disobey him in that which is right.”
● When they went back prophet sent Hazrat Musab ibn Umayr so he
could guide the people in Madina.
● In the 13th year of prophethood, Hazrat Musab came back to give an
update to the prophet. A little while later a delegation of 73 men and 2
women came to meet prophet on Aqabah. They converted and asked
the prophet to migrate to Madine with them. To this Hazrat Abas
prophet's uncle who was currently protecting the prophet asked how
they could protect the prophet. To this they replied “By Him who sent
you with the truth, we will protect you as we protect them(our wives
and children). So accept the pledge of our allegiance, O Messenger
of Allah Hazrat Muhammad, for we are men of war, possessed of
arms that have been handed from father to son.” To this, the prophet
replied “I am yours and you are mine. Whom you war against, him I
war against. Whom you make peace with, him I make peace with.”
This was the second pledge of Aqabah. They all then went back and
prophet appointed a few people with specific duties.
● Importance
Islam spread out of Makkah, in Madine
Assured security of Muslims outside of Makkah
Offered Muslims another place to migrate.
 This also emphasizes unity and how Muslims should be connected
and help others in their time of need.

Migration to Madina/Yasrib
● Events that led to the migration
Persecutions were severe and becoming unbearable.
Successful migration to Abyssinia encouraged prophet.
The boycott was a difficult time for the Muslims and it got prophet
seriously considering migrating to another place.
Death of Abu Talib lost his biggest supporter and protector.
Visit to Taif, went to Taif to look for a place to migrate. When he came
back he was determined to find another place.
Pledges of Aqabah, when prophet was invited to Madina he finally
found a place safe enough for the Muslims to migrate.
Quraishs plot to assasinate prophet.
● The plot. The Qurasih chose one person from each tribe to gather
around prophet's house and assassinate him. This was Abu Jahl's
idea.
● Angle Jibraeel informed prophet of this plan and the Quran says
“They plot and plan and Allah too plans but the best of planners is
Allah”
● The first person prophet informed was Hazrat Abu Bakr. Abu Bakr
decided that he would migrate with him.
● Then prophet went to Hzarat Ali and asked him to stay in his bed,
return the belongings of the people and then come to Madina as well.
● The next day the selected people from the Quraish surrounded
prophets house. Prophet then left his house, threw a handful of sand
while recting Surah Yaseen “And We have put a barrier before them
and a barrier behind them and covered them up (from all sides) so
that they cannot see.”
● Prophet quickly went to HA Abu Bakrs house, where he was waiting
with two camels. They decided to go south and hide in the cave of
Thaur.
● As they left Makkah the Prophet PBUH looked back towards Makkah
and said, “Of all places on earth, you are the dearest to me, and if my
people had not driven me out, I would never have left you.”
● For 3 nights Abu Bakr’s son Abdullah RA, his daughter Asma RA, and
his servant Amir visited them. Abdullah brought news every night,
informing them that the Quraish had put a reward of a 100 camels to
anyone who brought the Prophet PBUH dead or alive. Asma RA
brought food for them. Amir RA used to erase their footprints in the
sand with a herd of sheep, and provided them with milk from the
sheep.
● On the third night some trackers found the cave, before entering they
saw a doves nest there, a spider web and a tree covering the
entrance. They saw this and decided not to check inside.
● Prophet set off for Madina, they felt Suraqa bin Malik following them.
As soon as Suraqa would come close to them to try to aim his arrow
at them, his horse’s legs would sink in the sand. After multiple tried,
he gave up and requested the Prophet to write something for him.
The Prophet predicted that one day he would wear the bangle of a
Persian king. After this Suraqa left, promising not to tell anyone
about the Prophet’s whereabouts.
● Then they met Hazrat Talha. Hazrat Talha gifted the Prophet and Abu
Bakr 2 new white garments.
● The Prophet reached Quba in 14 days. He stayed here for 3-4 days
and laid the foundations of the 1st masjid of Islam, Masjid-e-Quba.
Then, he lead the first ever Friday congregational prayers and set off
towards Madina.
● On Friday, 12th Rabi-ul-Awwal, he entered Madina, sitting on Qaswa,
all Muslims gathered around his camel, shaking his hand, greeting
Salaam to him. The Prophet beamed back humbly, giving words of
advice to everyone. young girls lined the streets to sing Naats and
beat drums.
● Many people tried to take the Qaswa’s reins and lead it to their
homes but the Prophet said, “Let it be, it is under (Allah’s) orders.” The
Prophet let the camel decide where he would stay. For a long time,
Qaswa walked and then stopped at an empty plot of land which
belonged to Sahl and Suhail. The Prophet called them, fixed the land’s
price with them, even though they insisted he could have it for free.
The Prophet borrowed money from some Companions and paid the
price of the land.