CE313:

BUILDING
SYSTEMS
DESIGN
ENGR. KYANISE KAIL R. DELMONTE
OUTLINE
TYPES OF CONSTRUCTION
1 (Rule IV of the IRR)

FIRE ZONES
2 (Rule V of the IRR)

FIRE-RESISTIVE REQUIREMENTS
3 (Rule VI of the IRR)

4
 1
Types of Construction
(Rule IV of the IRR)
Section 401. Types of Construction
For purposes of the Code and its IRR, all buildings proposed for construction shall be classified according to the
following types:

Type I Type III Type V

• Wood Construction • Masonry and wood construction
• Shall be 4-hour fire-resistive throughout
• 1-hour fire resistive throughout
• Structural elements shall be of steel, iron,
• Exterior walls shall be of incombustible fire-resistive
concrete, or masonry construction
construction

Type II Type IV
• Steel, iron, concrete or masonry construction
• Wood construction with protective
• Walls, ceiling and permanent partitions shall be of
fire-resistant materials
incombustible fire-resistive construction
• 1-hour f ir e-resistive throughout,
• Permanent non-bearing partitions of 1-hour f ire-resistive
except, that permanent non-bearing
construction may use f ire-retardant treated wood within
partitions may use f ire-retardant
the framing assembly.
treated wood within the framing
assembly
Section 403. Requirements on Type of Construction
1. Fire-resistive Requirements

TYPE II TYPE III TYPE IV TYPE V

Exterior bearing and 1-hour FRR 1-hour FRR 4-hour FRR 4-hour FRR
non-bearing walls
Interior bearing wall, 1-hour FRR 1-hour FRR 1-hour FRR 3-hour FRR (bearing walls)
permanent partitions,
floor, roofs 1-hour FRR (vertical
openings, floors, roofs)
Structural frames 1-hour FRR 1-hour FRR 2-hour FRR 3-hour FRR

Exterior doors and 1-hour FRR 1-hour FRR 1-hour FRR 1-hour FRR
windows
 2. Interior Wall and Ceiling
a. Finishes for interior walls and ceilings of any building
Finishes
- Classified according to their flame-spread characteristic using generally accepted engineering standards
- Smoke density shall not be greater than that obtained from burning untreated wood under similar
conditions when tested with the “Tunnel Test”
- Products of combustion shall be no more toxic than the burning of untreated wood under similar
conditions
- Include wainscoting, paneling, or other finish applied structurally or for decoration, acoustical
correction, surface insulation, or similar purposes

https://www.youtube.com/watch?v=era90oA-wdQ
b. Requirements for flame-spread characteristics of finishes shall not apply to frames and trim of doors and windows
and to materials less than 1.00mm in thickness cemented to the surface of walls or ceilings.

c. Materials required to be flame-spread proofed shall be treated with flame-retardant having a flame-spread of fifty (50)
or less as determined by the “Tunnel Test”

3. Standards for Materials

Materials used in structural framework, exterior walls and openings, floors, exits, stairs and roof shall be governed by
the Fire Code of the Philippines
 2
Fire Zones
(Rule V of the IRR)
Section 501. Fire Zones Defined
Fire zones are area within which only certain types of buildings/structures are
permitted based on their use or occupancy, type of construction, and resistance to fire.

Section 507. Designation of Fire Zones

Non-Fire Resistive Zones
-often located in country sides or rural areas
-siting of buildings/structures are permitted without fire-resistivity measures
Fire Resistive Zones
-siting of buildings/structures are permitted with prescribe f ir e-resistivity
measures for exterior walls of at least 2-hour fire-resistivity
-suburban areas
Highly Fire Resistive Zones
-highly f ire-resistive buildings/structures/construction assemblies of no less
than 3 to 4-hour fire resistive materials are used, including exterior wall
 Window / Door Test Wall Test
Fire Protective Fire Resistive
NFPA 257/252 ASTM E119/NFPA 251
Contains flame and smoke Contains flame and smoke;
45 minutes and under Blocks radiant heat for applications
45 minutes and under
Section 502. Buildings located in more than 1 fire zone
A building/structure which is located partly in 1 f ire zone and partly in another shall be considered
to be in the more highly restrictive f ire zone, when more than (1/3) of its total f loor area is located in such
zone.

Section 506. Restrictions on Existing Buildings

Existing structures that do not comply with the requirements shall not hereafter be enlarged, altered,
remodeled, repaired, or moved except as follows:
 Such building is entirely demolished
 Such building is moved outside the limits of the more restrictive fire zone
 Changes in any 12-month period, the value of work <20% of the value of the existing building AND such
changes do not add additional combustible materials (will not increase f ire hazard as deemed by the
Building Official)
 Additions thereto are separated from the existing building by a firewall
 Repair from damage due to fire, earthquake, typhoons, or any fortuitous event, that use the same kind of
material as the original and the cost of repair <20% of the replacement cost of the building
 3
Fire-resistive Requirements
in Construction
(Rule VI of the IRR)
Fire-resistive Requirements in Construction
Section 601. Fire-resistive Rating Defined Type of Assembly and Material
Minimum thickness (in millimeter) for the given fire resistance)

4 hrs. 3 hrs. 2 hrs. 1 hr.

Fire-resistive rating is the degree to which a
Floor Construction
material can withstand f ir e (determined by generally Solid R.C. slab
-Average cover to reinforcement 25 25 20 15
recognized and accepted testing methods) -Overall Depth 150 150 125 100

Solid pre-stressed
Concrete slab
-Average cover to tendons 65 50 40 25
Section 602. Fire-resistive Time Period Rating -Overall Depth 150 150 125 100

Fire-resistive time period rating is the length of Partitions

-Solid concrete 175 175 150 125
time a material can withstand being burned -Solid masonry 200 175 150 125
-Hollow unit masonry 300 250 200 150

Protection for metal structural members

-Concrete 75 50 38 25
Section 603. Fire-resistive Standards -Masonry
-Metal lath with vermiculite or perlite gypsum plaster
100
50
75
38
55
20
38
12
All materials and assemblies, or combinations
Exterior Wall
thereof, shall conform to the following fire-resistive ratings: -Solid concrete 180 150 125 75
-Solid Masonry 200 175 150 100
-Hollow Masonry 300 250 200 150

Column (all faces exposed)

-Reinforced concrete 450 400 300 200
THANK YOU!

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