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The Elements of Visual Arts

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49 views

The Elements of Visual Arts

Arts

Uploaded by

richelle.mendoza2
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Arts in the K to 12 Curriculum (ELECTIVE B)

Pointers to review:
The Elements of Visual Arts
1. Line – The most basic of all the elements. A line is a visible path traced by a moving point.
Lines vary in types. They can be horizontal, vertical, diagonal, straight or curved, thick or thin.
Different lines are used to signify different feelings, for example: Horizontal line – rest, serenity,
or perfect stability; Vertical line – dominance, height, power; Diagonal line – uncertainty, unrest,
movement, or action; and Curved line – flow, softness, flexibility, grace
2. Shape – Shapes and forms are figures which define objects in a space. A shape is a two-
dimensional figure. Circles, triangles, and squares are common examples of shapes. Forms exist
in three dimensions. Examples of forms include cubes, cylinders, and pyramids, among others.
3. Value – it is the relative degree of lightness or darkness in anything that is visible. It gives an
impression of solidity, distance, and depth. Early Europe an artists used a technique which is
defined by a strong contrast between light and dark. This is called chiaroscuro.
4. Color – it is the product of light reflected off objects. We see different colors because of light’s
various intrinsic qualities, specifically, because of its different wavelengths. In visual arts, the
relationship of colors is best seen in a color wheel.
– Red, Yellow, and Blue (Red, Green, Blue in light)
– Orange, Green, and Violet
– Yellow Green, Blue Green, Blue Violet, Red Violet, Red Orange,
and Yellow Orange
Artists usually use color harmonies. These are combinations of colors which the artist uses to
convey his or her message through the element of color.
– the use of a single color tint in different values or shades
– 3 to 4 neighboring colors with one color in all mixtures
– any two opposite colors on the color wheel
– any three colors wherein two of which are beside the
complement of the third color.
– this color scheme uses four colors
arranged into two complementary pairs
– three colors that form an equilateral triangle in a color wheel
Properties of color:
– identity or the quality by which we distinguish colors

 Cool colors – colors which possess the dominance of blue


 Warm colors – colors which possess the dominance of red or yellow
– lightness or darkness of a hue

 Intensity or Saturation – refers to the strength of a hue


5. Texture –refers to surface characteristics. A surface may be rough, smooth,
glossy, coarse, irregular, etc.
6. Space – refers to the area in which an artist arranges elements in a composition.
Space can be two-dimensional (2D) such as in painting and photography, or three-
dimensional (3D), such as in sculpture and installations. Depth can also be
suggested in two-dimensional works, by the application of linear perspective – a
graphing of distances between objects.
Types of perspective:
-point –a representation of distance by means of converging
lines.
-point – There are two points in line with each other in a
horizontal position. All lines converge on these two points.
– the modification of an established scale in a
drawing of the human figure to represent perspective.
III. The Principles of Design
1. Balance - the idea of visual equilibrium which gives an impression of stability or
instability.
– it has equal visual weight on either side
of the canvas. It is visually stable.
– an uneven balance.
–a symmetrical balance wherein elements are
distributed evenly around a central point.
2. Proportion (or scale) – refers to the size relationships of one part to another, and
of the parts to the whole.
3. Rhythm –a visual rhythm is characterized by the repetition or alternation of
elements.
Rhythm can be:
– repetition of a single motif
– use of two different motifs alternately
– a smooth and graceful type of rhythm
– motifs may be presented in a gradual shift in
characteristics, like size (from small to large)
4. Emphasis and Subordination – An emphasis is the focal point that rests on the
subordinate space and easily attracts the attention of the viewer. To emphasize
means to draw attention to essential parts of a composition.
5. Unity – (also called Harmony) refers to the coherence of the elements of a work
to the whole.
6. Variety - The use of differences and change to increase the visual interest of the
work
References:

 Philippine Normal University. (2013). MAPEH (Music, Arts, Physical Education


and Health), A Reviewer for the Licensure Examination for Teachers. FCA
Printhouse. Manila, Philippines

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