Liceo de Cagayan University
College of Arts and Sciences
Department of Natural Sciences
R. N. Pelaez Blvd, Kauswagan, Cagayan de Oro
Biology 307 – Systematics
2st Semester A.Y. 2023-
2024
Narrative Report on the Taxidermy of Chanos chanos (Bangus) and
Selar crumenophthalmus (Matambaka)
by Group 3 & 6
Bacaraman, Mohammad Omar M.
Dipatuan, Na-ila
Galamiton, Joshua Genesis C.
Gomez, Ronnielyn M.
Jaso, May Angel Gabriela
Ladaran, Alexis Ahmir C.
Paderna, Reane Grace E.
Radaza, Nikesha Allysson
Submitted to:
Princess Gen Auguis
MAY 27, 2024
I. INTRODUCTION
Fish taxidermy, being the art and science of preserving fish specimens, has significant
applications in scientific study and ecological education. This procedure entails thorough
preparation, preservation, and mounting of fish to put together lifelike models of fishes that can
be used in a variety of educational and research purposes. These preserved specimens are
essential tools in biological research, contributing to the study of systematics, species
identification, population dynamics, and evolutionary biology, as well as public education and
conservation awareness. Taxidermy exposes people to aquatic biodiversity by preserving fishes
in their natural form, creating a better understanding and appreciation for marine life. In this
laboratory activity, the students have taxidermied two fishes, namely, the Chanos chanos
(Bangus) and Selar crumenophthalmus (Matambaka). This narrative report entails the whole
taxidermy process with documentary pictures and its final results.
II. MATERIALS
● 1 Large fish (Bangus)
● 1 Small fish (Matambaka)
● Styrofoam
● Cutter
● Scalpel
● Fleshing spoon
● Baking soda
● Salt
● Isopropyl alcohol
● Clear varnish
● Epoxy
● Clay
● Thread and needle
● Paint and brushes
III. PROCEDURE AND DOCUMENTATION
Purchasing of Fish and Drying under Salt and Baking Soda Mixture
The first step in the taxidermy process is to select and purchase the fishes for taxidermy.
We went to Cogon market and chose the bangus as our large fish and the matambaka as our
small fish. We then tried to find borax for the drying process but we were unable to find one so
we decided to use a cleaning product primarily made up of baking soda with the addition of salt.
After submerging the fishes under the baking soda and salt mixture, it was stored away
and left to dry out for over 24 hours. After a day has passed, we dusted off the mixture and
immediately started with the incision of the fishes.
Skin incision and removal of flesh and internal organs
After drying the fishes with salt and baking soda, our attention turned to the delicate task
of fish incision and the careful removal of their internal organs. Dividing the task among our
group members, each equipped with specialized dissecting tools, we began the intricate process
of dissecting the lateral line of each species of fish we had acquired.
The lateral line, a prominent feature in fish anatomy, serves as a crucial reference point
for taxidermists. With meticulous precision, we made incisions along this line, ensuring minimal
disruption to the surrounding tissue and skin. Our goal was to extract the internal organs without
compromising the structural integrity of the specimen.
Throughout the process, we exercised caution to avoid damaging the delicate skin of the
fish. Carefully, we removed the flesh and the bones, taking care to preserve the skin, which is
essential for maintaining the natural form of the specimen.
In addition to removing the main body organs, such as the intestines, we also delicately
extracted the eyes and flesh from the head of each fish. Every part of the fish contributes to the
lifelike appearance of the mounted specimen, making this step essential for achieving a realistic
outcome.
Once the flesh and organs were successfully removed, we proceeded to clean each fish
meticulously under a gentle stream of running water. This final step ensured that any remaining
tissue or impurities were thoroughly washed away, leaving behind a clean and pristine specimen
ready for further preparation in the taxidermy process.
Through careful coordination and attention to detail, our group successfully completed
the initial stages of fish preparation for taxidermy, laying the foundation for the preservation and
mounting of these specimens for display or scientific study.
Submerging in alcohol
After the flesh and other internal organs have been removed from the fish, the next step
was submerging the fish with its intact skin under isopropyl alcohol. The mixture of the
isopropyl alcohol was 50:50 meaning half of it was pure alcohol and the other half was water.
The picture shows the addition of water to 100% isopropyl alcohol to create the solution that the
fishes were submerged in for 24 hours.
Submerging taxidermied fish in alcohol is a critical step in the preservation process,
primarily serving two important purposes: disinfection and dehydration. Alcohol, typically
ethanol or isopropanol, acts as a potent antimicrobial agent, killing bacteria, fungi, and other
microorganisms that could cause decay and deterioration of the fish specimen. This ensures the
long-term preservation of the fish by preventing biological degradation.
Carving of styrofoam for filling
Prior to the incision, right after washing the salt and baking soda off the fishes,
measurements were made and the form was traced on to a cardboard for cutouts later. Following
this, the cutouts were utilized to obtain the basic shape of the fish for the styrofoam.
At this stage, the carving process was facilitated by heating the blade in the flame of an
alcohol lamp for an easier and smoother cut. It was also done gradually and with care to avoid
overcutting, thus preventing the need for repeated attempts.
The sculpted figure was continuously checked to see if it fits within the fish, comparing
them side-by-side and occasionally inserting once the styrofoam figures were nearly identical to
the ideal shape.
Filling the fish with styrofoam, clay, and epoxy
After carving the styrofoam to match the shape of the fish, we placed the styrofoam
inside. We used moldable clay in any areas that could not be filled with styrofoam to create a
perfect replica of the fish's original form. This made sure that there were no gaps and that the
fishes were completely filled to maintain its true shape and size.
To ensure a complete seal, we secured the styrofoam and clay form with epoxy before
carefully sewing the skin closed for added reinforcement.
Insertion of pins to hold fish fins
For this step, the fins of the fishes were spread out and pinned in place. The mouths were
also kept open, and these steps help give the mounts a more appealing and lifelike appearance.
Inserting the pins ensured that these parts remained in place as the fishes hardened.
Painting and application of varnish
To begin, we gathered the necessary materials like poster paints in different colors to
match the natural appearance of the milkfish, a paintbrush in different sizes for detail, and border
strokes.
Milkfish (Bangus): Painting and Vanishing
We started the painting process by applying a base coat that matched the primary color of
the milkfish, typically a light gray or silver. We utilized different sizes of brushes. Once the base
coat was dry, we started layering colors to create depth and realism.
For the top side of the milkfish, we gradually built up layers of darker gray or bluish
tones using a brush, blending them smoothly with the base coat. The belly of the milkfish is
lighter, often white or light silver, so we applied lighter shades accordingly.
Next, we carefully painted the fins and eyes. Fins often have translucent qualities, so we
used thin layers of paint to achieve a realistic look. The eyes were painted with precision to
capture their natural appearance.
We applied the varnish evenly over the painted areas. We used a brush to gently apply
the varnish, avoiding drips and runs. After the varnish had fully dried, we inspected the fish for
any areas needing touch-ups. Finally, we let the mount cure according to the varnish
manufacturer’s instructions to ensure it lasts.
Matambaka: Painting and Vanishing
As for the vanishing procedure in taxidermy, we also used a vanishing solution to
preserve the appearance of the fish mount and protect it from damage. This includes applying a
protective coating to the skin, fins, and eyes to prevent deterioration over time.
We begin by applying a base coat of paint to provide an even surface. We used a
reference image of a big-eye scad fish to serve as a guide during the painting process, focusing
on colors, patterns, and details. We layered acrylic paints onto the mount, starting with base
colors and gradually adding details. We finished by sealing the paint with a clear coat or varnish
for protection and a glossy appearance.
Mounting and displaying of fish
After the fishes had undergone the entire taxidermy process, the only step that remained
was mounting it and putting it on display. We started by creating a wooden base which was
worked on by a paid carpenter. The base was composed of a wooden foundation and a ceiling. A
plywood was used for its backdrop and two pillars were placed in front for balance.
Subsequently, sandpaper was applied on the wooden base which was then painted with blue
enamel paint to simulate the blueness of an aquatic environment.
Next, decorations were placed such as several rocks and artificial plants to add an
aesthetic appeal to the whole wooden display. The rocks served as the mount to place the big-eye
scad fish on top of. A stick glue adhesive was used to put everything in place.
Conclusion:
More artificial plants and ornamental rocks were placed all over the blue foundation to
add visual appeal to the surrounding. After that, two sticks were skewered at the other side of the
bangus fish in order to hold it in place on the back wall of the wooden base. The bangus fish was
finally put into place which finished the placement of the two taxidermized fishes.
The final steps of the whole mounting process was putting in the taxidermy tag of both
fishes. The tag contained relevant information about the fish and the names of its taxidermy
artists. A pair of threads was used to hold up the taxidermy tag on each side of the fishes. With
everything put into place, the mounting and displaying of the fish was finished.
IV. CONCLUSION
Taxidermy is indeed an essential tool for studying animals in their natural habitats. It
allows researchers to closely examine anatomical details, behaviors, and ecological relationships
without disturbing live specimens or relying solely on photographs and observations. This
activity has provided invaluable hands-on experience for students in the precise process of
preserving and mounting fish specimens. Through the careful preparation, preservation, and
mounting of Chanos chanos (Bangus) and Selar crumenophthalmus (Matambaka), students have
gained a deeper understanding of fish anatomy, ecology, and the importance of aquatic
biodiversity. These carefully crafted specimens will serve as essential tools for scientific study,
contributing to research in systematics, species identification, population dynamics, and
evolutionary biology. Additionally, they will play a vital role in public education and
conservation awareness, fostering a greater appreciation and understanding of marine life among
students and the broader community. This taxidermy activity has been a fulfilling and enriching
experience, inspiring future generations of scientists, educators, and conservationists to continue
exploring and safeguarding the wonders of our environment.
