THED REVIEWER NI RICH KUPAL FOR MIDTERMS

MODULE 1A- INTRODUCTION TO THE Ignacious of Loyola quote

CHURCH AND HER EVANGELIZING - “By mission I mean Journey’s and undertaking carried
MISSION (ECCLESIOLOGY AND on from town to town for the sake of the word of God”
-
MISSIOLOGY)
The fundamentals of mission (A-S-M-R) (C-P-G-T)

- Agent = mission
What is the Church?
- Sender = God
QT-QAHAL NT-EKKLESIA = The people of God called together, or - Message= word
an assembly convoked by God. - Recipient= people
- Context = locus
THE BEGINNING OF THE CHURCH - Goal= purpose
- Plan= Origin
Jesus and the Church
- Tradition= Continuity
- Jesus explicitly ordered the communities to continue
his mission after his death
- Jesus’ intention resulted in a community of disciples
who stayed together and after a certain time called
themselves “Church.” EARLY NOTION OF MISSION

THE PENTECOST AND THE CHURCH (ACTS OF THE - A propagation of the faith
APOSTLES 2:1-13 (NJB) THE EVENT) - SUMMARY - An expansion of the kingdom of God
- A conversion of Heathen
On the day of the Pentecost, the Apostles experienced a - Founding of the new Churches
sudden, powerful wind, and flames like tongues appeared over - Reaching out
their heads, filling them with the Holy Spirit, enabling them to - A herald’s service
speak in different languages. While some were amazed by this
miraculous event, others dismissed it, claiming the apostles PURPOSE OF MISSION IN THE EARLY CHURCH
were simply drunk.
Plantatatio Ecclasiae
ST. PETER’S SERMON (ACTS OF THE APOSTLES 2:14-41) -
- Planting the church
SUMMARY
- Building the physical Church
Here, Peter addressed the crowd, explaining that the apostles
Sauls Animarum
were not drunk but filled with the holy spirit, as prophesied, and
that all who call on the Lord will be saved. He declared that - Salvation of souls
Jesus, though crucified by lawless men, was raised by God, - Apologetics (counteract wrong teachings)
fulfilling the prophecies of David and offering hope and
salvation to all. VATICAN II NOTION OF MISSION

CHURCH LIFE (ACTS OF THE APOSTLES 2:42-47) -SUMMARY Missio Ad gentes

The early believers remained devoted to the apostles’ teachings, - Supreme towards people
fellowship breaking of bread, and prayers, with a sense of awe - Supreme duty to promote christ to all people
as the apostles performed multiple miracles. They shared
Missio Ad Vitam
everything in common, praised God, gained the respect of all,
and their community grew daily as the Lord saved more people. - Mission towards life
- Desired passion for mission
PENTECOST
- Life of simplicity, docility, availability
- As promised by Christ, the holy spirit descended on
Missio Ad Extores
his apostles after his ascension into heaven.
- The holy spirit builds, animates, and sanctifies - Mission towards foreign places
Christ’s mystical body, the church - Sharing of resources
- As the spirit descended on the apostles, they went
out from hiding and began to undertake the
evangelizing mission Christ left them with- so was
the church birthed on the Pentecost Sunday.
 THED REVIEWER NI RICH KUPAL FOR MIDTERMS

BIBLICAL FOUNDATION OF MISSION and interests while still being part of the
same larger society.

CONCEPTUALIZED THEOLOGICALALPPROACH TO THE

PLURALIZED WORLD

- Teach incarnational process of God becoming

visible, graspable, and intelligible in Jesus.
- Unpack the sacramental nature of reality. God is
revealed not in ideas but in concrete reality in life,
culture, human experience, and events in life.
- Revelation became interpersonal
- Respect not only to the mind, will and the emotions
MODULE1B- THE CHURCH IN THE alone but to all the levels and aspects of human
existence
PLURALZIED WORLD
o God (Trinity) is dynamic, present, and acts
contextually

MODERNISM

- A rebellious state of mind that questioned all MODULE2A- THE CHUCH’S SECOND
artistic, scientific, social, and moral conventions
- There is no such thing as absolute truth. All things VATICAN COUNCIL
are relative
- Gives importance to subjectivism

POST MODERNISM COUNCIL

th
- A late 20 - century movement characterized by a. A legally convened meeting of
broad skepticism, subjectivism or relativism b. Members of the hierarchy, for
- A general suspicion of reason; and an acute c. The purpose of carrying out their judicial and
sensitivity to the role of ideology in asserting and doctrinal functions
maintaining political and economic powe d. By means of deliberation in common,
e. Resulting in regulations and decreases invested with
SOME CHARACTERSTICS OF MODERNISM
the authority of the whole assembly
Embracing Nihilism: The Belief in Nothing
WHAT ARE COUNCILS
- Modernists viewed the world, and especially human
- Councils are common efforts of the church, or part
existence, as meaningless
of the church, for self-preservation and self-
- Modernists rejected the belief that morality and
defense.
organized religion provided the means for social
- They appear at her very origin, in the time of the
evolution and/or the betterment of man.
apostles at Jerusalem, and throughout her whole
Rejection of all systems of belief history
- Whenever faith or morals or discipline are seriously
Modernists questioned all accepted systems threatened.

- The sciences COUNCIL OF JERUSALEM- AD 49/50

- Political/social/economic paradigms
- The arts, especially the academe. - Decisions made and circumcision.
- It was not necessary for converts to submit the old
PLURALISM Convent laws like circumcision (WHATTTTTTT)
- 20 MAJOR COUNCILS
- An acknowledgement of alternatives so that
additional perspectives have the possibility of being
understood
o A situation where people from different
ethnic, racial, religious, or social
backgrounds keep their own traditions
 THED REVIEWER NI RICH KUPAL FOR MIDTERMS

VATICAN II -AD 1962-1965 o Church history teacher

o Historian for his diocese
- The council was primarily called to better preserve - He eventually becomes the Pope’s representative to
and present the core teachings of Christian doctrine. Bulgaria, Turkey, and Greece.
- It produced 16 documents that reaffirmed Catholic o Shows the importance he gave to
faith and morals while allowing for changes in the ecumenism (dialogue between religions)
Eucharistic liturgy, sacraments, and church o Particularly with the Eastern Orthodox
administration. churches
- These reforms were designed to modernize church - January 25-1959, Pope John XXIII calls an
practices for the contemporary era ecumenical (world-wide) council to be held at the
Vatican for the church to address the needs of the
SOME COUNCILS AND THEIR SIGNIFICANT TEACHINGS- AD
time
- The council of Nicaea in 325 affirmed the divinity of
THE SECOND VATICAL COUNCIL
Christ and set the date for Easter.
- A close advisor of Pope John, is elected, taking in the
- While later councils like Constantinople in 381 and name, Paul VI
Ephesus in 431 defended the divinity of the Holy - He will continue to be the council
spirit and declared Mary as the mother of God.
ECUMENICAL

- Chalcedon in 451 clarified that Jesus is both fully - “Ecumenical” refers to efforts or movements that
human and divine, and Nicaea II in 787 allowed the aim to promote unity and cooperation among
honoring of holy images without idol worship. different Christian denominations, or more broadly,
between different religious groups
- It often involves dialogue, collaboration, and shared
- The Lateran councils dealt with various church activities to bridge divisions within the global
issues like the election of popes, preventing lay Christian community.
interference in church matters, and the recovery of - In a general sense, it can also refer to anything
the holy land. involving a wide range of different groups

VATICAL COUNCIL PRODUCED 16 DOCUMENTS WITH

- The council of Trent (1545-1563) condemned
THREE TYPES OF OFFICIAL DOCUMENTS
protestant teachings, affirmed catholic doctrine on
sacraments and church traditions, and addressed DECLARATIONS
clerical reforms.
- These provided general instruction on vital topics in
the church and in the world, with implementation
- Vatican I in 1870 established the Pope’s infallibility left up to local bishops
when making official teachings on faith and morals.
DECREES
OTHER SUPPLEMENTAL NOTES
- Concerned renewal of some aspect of Church life:
- The second Vatican council, or Vatican II was an required further action
Ecumenical Council of the Roman Catholic
CONSTITUTIONS
Church opened under Pope John XXIII in 1962 and
closed under Pope Paul VI in 1965 - Concerned doctrine and dogma; related teachings
in modern languages
THE DEATH OF POPE PIUS XII
THE FOUR CONSTITUTIONS OF THE VATICAN II COUNCIL
- Future direction of the church?
- A compromise candidate was chosen 1. CONSTITUTION ON THE SACRED LITURGY (CSL)
o The cardinals chose the 76-year-old John o Reaffirms the liturgy as the source and
XXIII; by this choice, the cardinals made summit of Christian life and calls for
clear they wished a shorter papacy changes to encourage the full and active
participation of the faithful
POPLE JOHN XXIII – ELECTED POPE IN 1958

- Born November 25, 1881

o Ordained a priest 2. DOGMATIC CONSTITUION ON THE CHURCH (DCC)
o Army chaplain o Defines the church as the people of God
 THED REVIEWER NI RICH KUPAL FOR MIDTERMS

and ongoing information programs for

3. DOGMATIC CONSTITUION ON DIVINE REVELATION priests
(DCDR)
o Recalls that God has revealed himself to 7. APOSTOLATE OF THE LAITY
grant us a share in divine life o Encourages laypeople to renew the world
o Encourages all people to study scripture as ambassadors of Christ
and affirms the role of magisterium in its
authentic interpretation 8. MISSIONARY ACTIVITY OF THE CHURCH
o Provides guidance to those engaged in
4. PASTORAL CONSTITUTION ON THE CHURCH IN THE missionary work throughout the world.
MODERN WORLD
o Expressed pastoral concern for the joys, 9. MINISTRY AND LIFE OF PRIESTS
hopes and grief, and anguish of the o Provides guidance for priests to adapt to
modern world modern challenges and opportunities
o Reiterates the dignity of the human
person and the need for social justice and
service.
THE THREE DELCRATIONS OF VATICAN II COUNCIL
o Reaffirms the liturgy as the source and
summit of Christian life and calls for 1. DECLARATION ON CHIRSTIAN EDUCATION
changes to encourage the full and active o Reaffirms the universal right to education
participation of the faithful (describes that catholic schools are for all
ages)

THE NINE DECRESS OF VATICAN II

2. DECLARATION ON THE RELATIONS OF THE
M-C-E-P-U-P-P-A-M-M CHURCH TO NON-CHRISTIAN RELGIIONS
o Expresses high regard for non-Christian
“May- Cucuricapu-Eh-Putangina-Umay-Pukinginang-Puta- religions
Ambaho-May-Monster” 3. DECLERATION ONR ELIGOUS FREEDOM
o Asserts that each human person is must
DECREES ON: and be free to make decisions of
conscience
1. MASS MEDIA
- Explains that journalism has a responsibility to lead
people down to the path of good, not evil.
VATICAN II IN BRIEF (YT VD)
2. CATHOLIC CHURCHES OF THE EASTERN RITE
o Recognizes the autonomy and liturgical ECUMENICAL COUNCIL
practices of the Eastern Catholic
- Meeting of the ALL bishops
Churches
- Super rare (happens once every few hundred years)
- Always called a response to a crisis or a question
3. ECUMENISM
o Calls Catholics to appreciate Christian WHY WAS THE COUNCIL CALLED?
values found in other faiths as well as the
Catholic Church. - Modernism, the world was rapidly changing after
WW2 (in terms of science, culture, and ideas on
4. PASTORAL OFFICE OF BISHOPS IN THE CHURCH what it means to be human)
o Describes a bishop’s role in the universal - How was the church going to relate to the new world
church, in his local churches, and in - How would it remain relevant
cooperation for the common good.
WHO WAS THERE?

5. UP-TO-DATE RENEWAL OF RELIGIOUS LIFE - 2 popes led Vatican II, because John XXII died 1 year
o Calls religious men and women to base in
their lives on the gospel while adapting to - PAUL XI took it to a conclusion
serve modern needs. - Joined by 2000 bishops (they made the big
decisions)
6. PRIESTLY TRAINING - Assisted by priests (theological experts)
o Encourages priestly vocations and - Lay people (auditors and advisers)
suggests updated seminary structures
 THED REVIEWER NI RICH KUPAL FOR MIDTERMS

- Non-Catholic Christians - The catholic church has its roots in Judaism

- Jesus, the apostles and first disciples were Jewish
WHAT DID THEY DECIDE? - Many rituals and practices reflect their Jewish roots
- Prophets, Patriarchs, and Moses
- They didn’t change any beliefs to the church; they
- Christians and Jews are the sons and daughters of
just changed how some of these beliefs were
Abraham
expressed
1. Universal call to holiness (everyone NOSTRA AETATE CONSISTS OF FIVE BRIEF SECTIONS
of every rank is responsible for being
and building the church) 1. Statements on the unity of the human race, our
2. Christian Unity- seek peace with shared origin and destiny
other religions o With religions providing answers to our
3. Embrace technology common questions about the meaning of
4. Renew the church life, suffering, good and evil and what lies
5. People were encouraged to read beyond death.
scriptures 2. A description of religion as a response to a hidden
6. Mass was emphasized to be super power
important o With reference to the practices an
teachings of Hinduism and Buddhism,
HOW IT CHANGED THE CHURCH stating that the Catholic Church rejects
nothing of what is true and holy in these
- The most visible changes for ordinary catholics were
religions
found it in the mass (most priest now face the
3. A positive treatment of Muslim affinities with
people and permitted to use local languages rather
catholic teaching and practice
than latin)
o Based on references to some pillars and
- More scripture reading
beliefs of Islam
- Softening of language when talking about language
o Proposing that past hostilities be put
- More welcoming attitude
aside in favor of mutual understanding
- Vatican II has also started a whole bunch of
4. An account of the spiritual ties between Christian
arguments (some say we must focus on spirit; in
and Jews, which reproves indiscriminate
contrast, some say we should literally just follow the
accusations of Jewish responsibility for the death of
liturgy)
Jesus
MODULE2B- DELCARATION ON o Affirms the ongoing validity of the
THE RELATION OF THE CHURCH covenant between god and the people of
Israel, and repudiates hatred, persecution
OF NON-CHRISTIAN and antisemitism as contrary to God’s
RELGIGIONS- NOSTRA AETATE universal love
5. A Final affirmation that since we call God “Father”
all human beings are brothers and sisters made I his
image
THE DECLARATION OF THE CHURCH TO NON-CHRISTIAN o So there should be no unjust
RELIGIONS WAS PROMULGATED IN WHAT YEAR? discrimination but Christians should live
peaceably with all.
- 1965
INTERRELIGOUS DIALOGUE
SIMLARITIES BETWEEN THE CHURCH AND ISLAM
- The new approach to believers from other religions
- One God who is the creator of heaven and earth are called “dialogues”
- Day of Judgment - This name and method had been introduced to the
- Resurrection of the dead church by Pop Paul VI in his encyclical, Ecclasiam
- Respect and veneration for Jesus and Mary Suam
- Prayer, Almsgiving and fasting
Interreligious dialogue is basically a meeting of people from
THE SECOND VATICAN COUNCIL FOCUSED ON THE different religions, where they are all subject to have open
RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN CATHOLICISM AND JUDAISM minds

IN THIS REGARD THE DOCUMENT CITES VARIOUS EXAMPLES And in order to listen to the other, to try to understand the
OF HOW CHRISTIANITY HAS ITS ROOTS IN JUDAISM person’s religion, and hopefully to seek possibilities of
 THED REVIEWER NI RICH KUPAL FOR MIDTERMS

collaboration it is hoped that the other partner will reciprocate - There are also meetings with bishops coming to rom
(it’s a two-way movement and not a one-way movement) for their five-year “ad limina” visits, and with other
groups of visitors.
THE ATTITUDE TOWARD THE FOLLOWERS OF OTHER
RELIGIONS: REFLECTIONS AND ORIENTATIONS ON MEETINGS
DIALOGUE AND MISSION
- The council organizes dialogue meetings, or more
DIALOGUE OF LIFE- often participates in such meetings organized by
other bodies.
- Sharing the events of our daily lives - At regional, national or international levels
- These meetings may be bilateral or multilateral
DILOGUE OF ACTION
PUBLICATIONS
- shared religous and moral values
- A number of books and pamphlets have been
DIALOGUE OF TEHOLOGICAL EXCHANGE
published on different aspects of interreligious
- sharing and discussing religious beliefs together dialogues
- The council usually publishes the acts of the
DIALOGUE OF RELIGIOUS EXPERIENCE dialogue meetings it organizes
- A bulleting called “Pro Dialogo”, is published
- sharing about the spiritual practices and fruits of
regularly three times a year, containing significant
prayer and worship with respect to traditions
church texts.
- An interreligious dialogue directory has also been
publuished

MODULE3A- CHURCH’S PCID FOUNDATION “NOSTRA AETATE”

INITIATIVES: PASTORAL - The PCID has set up a foundation whose purpose is

to promote dialogue, mainly be according grants to
ATTENTION TO TRADITIONAL
people of other religious who whish to study
RELIGIONS Christianity.

PASTORAL ATTENTION TO TRADITIONAL RELIGIONS

PCID= PONTIFICAL COUNCIL FOR INTERRELIGOUS - Letter of pontifical council for interreligious dialogue
DIALOGUE to the presidents of episcopal conferences in Asia,
the Americas and Oceania
SECRETARIAT FOR NON CHRISTIANS
(1964- PAUL VI) WHAT IS MEANT BY TRADITIONAL RELIGIONS

PONTIFICAL COUNCIL FOR INTERRELIGOUS DIALOGUE - Traditional religions which, unlike the world religions
(1988 – JOHN PAUL II) that have spread into many countries and culture.
- Have remained in their original socio-cultural
environment
- Ordinarily referred to as “African Traditional
PCID RESPONSIBILITIES Religions”, in Asia they are called ‘Tribal Religions
and Folk Religions.’
1. Promote mutual understanding
- In America ‘Native religions and Afro-American
2. Encourage the study of religions
religions.’ And in Oceania ‘indigenous religions’
3. Promote the formation of persons dedicated to
dialogue ELEMENTS OF THE TRADITIONAL RELIGIONS

ACTIVITIES - Have clear belief in One God, in a supreme being

who goes by such names as Great spirit, Creator, the
WELCOMING VISITORS
Great one, The Mighty Spirit, the Divine, etc.
- The PCID receives many visits from religious - Belief in other beings which are above mankind but
leaders. are less than supreme being may be called ‘spirits’
- They are invited to dialogue with staff members. - And some experts on the traditional religions
- Where appropriate audiences are arranged with sometimes call them “deities” or “gods” with a small
H.H. the Pope. “d” or “g”.
 THED REVIEWER NI RICH KUPAL FOR MIDTERMS

- Cult or worship in traditional religions is directed OTHER NOTES

generally to the spirits and the ancestors and
sometimes to God - Memorize the verses
- The moral code is regarded as that which ha been - Memorize the whos
handed down by past generations and sanctioned by - Understand the concept
the spirits and the ancestors, and occasionally by
God
- Traditional Religions do not generally lay claim to
revealed books. Nor are they articulated in
theoretical statements of a theological or
philosophical nature
- It is rare that a traditional religion traces itself back
to a founder

SOME MAJOR VALUES IN TRADITIONAL RELIGIONS

- There is a strong sense of the sacred

- Religion permeates life to such an extent that it is
often difficult to distinguish between strictly
religious and local custom
- Authority is not seen as something secular but is
regarded as a sacred trust
- People of traditional religions show great attention
to the earth
- They respect life and celebrate its important stages:
birth, entrance into adulthood, marriage, death.
- There is a strong sense of the family, which includes
love of children, respect for the elders, a community
link with the ancestors.
- Symbolism is important for interpreting the invisible
world and human being’s relationship with it
- There is an obvious love of ritual.

REASONS FOR PASTORAL ATTENTION AND DIALOGUE WITH

TRADITIONAL RELIGIONS

- Traditional religions constitute the religious context

in which a good number of people live or have lived
- Many recent converts to Christianity come from a
background of traditional religions
- They have not lost everything of the religion and
culture of their ancestors

INCULTURATION FOR BETTER PROCLAMATION

- Elements of both a good religion and culture

influenced by it can enrich catechesis and liturgy,
and therein attain their fulfillment.

APPROPRIATE DIALOGUE

- Dialogue with adherents of traditional religions is an

expression of charity which knows no boundaries
- ‘Dialogues of life’ and the ‘Dialogues of Action”

-END-