Topic-wise DPPs for NEET Aspirants

By Tamanna Chaudhary

Thermal Properties of matter

Topic: Heat Conduction

1. Which one of the following processes depends on gravity?

a) Conduction b) Convection c) Radiation d) None of these
2. Three rods of same dimensions are arranged as shown in figure. They have thermal conductivities 𝐾! , 𝐾"
and 𝐾# . The points 𝑃 and 𝑄 are maintained at different temperatures for the heat to flow at the same rate
along 𝑃𝑅𝑄 and 𝑃𝑄 then which of the following options is correct
R

K1 K2

P K3 Q

1 𝐾! 𝐾"
a) 𝐾# = (𝐾! + 𝐾" ) b) 𝐾# = 𝐾! + 𝐾" c) 𝐾# = d) 𝐾# = 2(𝐾! + 𝐾" )
2 𝐾! + 𝐾"
3. A slab consists of two parallel layers of two different materials of same thickness having thermal
conductivities 𝐾! and 𝐾" . The equivalent conductivity of the combination is
𝐾 + 𝐾" 2𝐾! 𝐾" 𝐾! + 𝐾"
a) 𝐾! + 𝐾" b) ! c) d)
2 𝐾! + 𝐾" 2𝐾! 𝐾"
4. Three rods of the same dimension have thermal conductivities 3𝐾, 2𝐾 and 𝐾. They are arranged as shown
in fig. Given below, with their ends at 100℃, 50℃ and 20℃. The temperature of their junction is
50oC
2K
100oC

3K
K
20oC

a) 60℃ b) 70℃ c) 50℃ d) 35℃

5. The temperature of hot and cold end of a 20𝑐𝑚 long rod in thermal steady state are at 100℃ and 20℃
respectively. Temperature at the centre of the rod is
a) 50℃ b) 60℃ c) 40℃ d) 30℃
6. A cylindrical rod having temperature 𝑇! and 𝑇" at its ends. The rate of flow of heat is 𝑄! 𝑐𝑎𝑙/𝑠. If all the
linear dimensions are doubled keeping temperature constant then rate of flow of heat 𝑄" will be
𝑄 𝑄
a) 4𝑄! b) 2𝑄! c) ! d) !
4 2
7. The graph shows the variation of temperature (𝑇) of one 𝑘𝑖𝑙𝑜𝑔𝑟𝑎𝑚 of a material with the heat (𝐻)
supplied to it. At 𝑂, the substance is in the solid state. From the graph, we can conclude that
T
C (H3,T2) g

D (H4,T2)
A(H1,T1) b
B(H2,T1)
a
O H

a) 𝑇" is the melting point of the solid

 b) 𝐵𝐶 represents the change of state from solid to liquid
c) (𝐻" − 𝐻! ) represents the latent heat of fusion of the substance
d) (𝐻# − 𝐻! ) represents the latent heat of vaporization of the liquid
8. A piece of glass is heated to a high temperature and then allowed to cool. If it cracks, a probable reason for
this is the following property of glass
a) Low thermal conductivity b) High thermal conductivity
c) High specific heat d) High melting point
9. When two ends of a rod wrapped with cotton are maintained at different temperatures and after same
time every point of the rod attains a constant temperature, then
a) Conduction of heat at different points of the rod stops because the temperature is not increasing
b) Rod is bad conductor of heat
c) Heat is being radiated from each point of the rod
d) Each point of the rod is giving heat to its neighbour at the same rate at which it is receiving heat
10. Two metal cubes 𝐴 and 𝐵 of same size are arranged as shown in the figure. The extreme ends of the
combination are maintained at the indicated temperatures. The arrangement is thermally insulated. The
coefficients of thermal conductivity of 𝐴 and 𝐵 are 300𝑊/𝑚℃ and 200𝑊/𝑚℃, respectively. After steady
state is reached, the temperature of the interface will be

a) 45℃ b) 90℃ c) 30℃ d) 60℃

11. Two rods 𝑃 and 𝑄 have equal lengths. Their thermal conductivities are 𝐾! and 𝐾" and cross sectional areas
are 𝐴! and 𝐴" . When the temperature at ends of each rod are 𝑇! 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑇" respectively, the rate of flow of
heat through 𝑃 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝑄 will be equal, if
𝐴! 𝐾" 𝐴! 𝐾" 𝑇" 𝐴! 𝐾! 𝐴! 𝐾" "
a) = b) = × c) = q d) =r s
𝐴" 𝐾! 𝐴" 𝐾! 𝑇! 𝐴" 𝐾" 𝐴" 𝐾!
12. Two rods of same length and material transfer a given amount of heat in 12 s, when they are joined end to
end (𝑖𝑒, in series). But when they are joined in parallel, they will transfer same heat under same
conditions in
a) 24 s b) 3 s c) 48 s d) 1.5 s
13. Two rods of equal lengths and areas of cross-section are kept parallel and hanged between
temperatures 20℃ and 80℃. The ratio of the effective thermal conductivity to that of the first rod
! "
is (the ratio=!! =# )
"
a) 7:4 b) 7:6 c) 4:7 d) 7:8
14. Consider a compound slab consisting of two different materials having equal lengths, thicknesses
and thermal conductivities 𝐾 and 2𝐾 respectively. The equivalent thermal conductivity of the
slab is
b) 3K 4 2
a) √2𝐾 c) 𝐾 d) 𝐾
3 3
15. Two substances 𝐴 and 𝐵 of equal mass 𝑚 are heated at uniform rate of 6 𝑐𝑎𝑙 𝑠 $! under similar conditions.
A graph between temperature and time is shown in figure. Ratio of heat absorbed 𝐻% /𝐻& by them for
complete fusion is
100
Temperature °C

A
80
60
40 B
20

0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7
a) 9/4 b) 4/9 c) 8/5 d) 5/8
16. Two rods of equal length and area of cross-section are kept parallel and lagged between temperature 20℃
' #
and 80℃. The ratio of the effective thermal conductivity to that of the first rod is xthe ratio y'! z = ({
"
a) 7 : 4 b) 7 : 6 c) 4 : 7 d) 7 : 8
17. Two plates of same thickness, of coefficients of thermal conductivity 𝐾! and 𝐾" and areas of cross section
𝐴! 𝑎𝑛𝑑 𝐴" are connected as shown in figure. The common coefficient of thermal conductivity 𝐾 will be

𝐾! 𝐴! 𝐾! 𝐴! + 𝐾" 𝐴" 𝐾! 𝐴" + 𝐾" 𝐴!

a) 𝐾! 𝐴! + 𝐾" 𝐴" b)c) d)
𝐾" 𝐴" 𝐴! + 𝐴" 𝐾! + 𝐾"
18. The ends of two rods of different materials with their thermal conductivities, radii of cross-sections and
lengths all are in the ratio 1:2 are maintained at the same temperature difference. If the rate of flow of heat
in the larger rod is 4 𝑐𝑎𝑙/𝑠, that in the shorter rod in 𝑐𝑎𝑙/𝑠 will be
a) 1 b) 2 c) 8 d) 16
19. The dimensions of thermal resistance are
a) 𝑀$! 𝐿$" 𝑇 # 𝐾 b) 𝑀𝐿" 𝑇 $" 𝐾 $! c) 𝑀𝐿" 𝑇 $# 𝐾 d) 𝑀𝐿" 𝑇 $" 𝐾 $"
20. Five identical rods are joined as shown in figure. Point 𝐴 and 𝐶 are maintained at temperature 120℃ and

120°C
C
A B
20°C

20℃ respectively. The temperature of junction 𝐵 will be

a) 100℃ b) 80℃ c) 70℃ d) 0℃
21. The end 𝐴 of a rod 𝐴𝐵 of length 1 m is maintained at 100℃ and the end 𝐵 at 10℃. The
temperature at a distance of 60 cm from the end 𝐵 is
a) 64℃ b) 36℃ c) 46℃ d) 72℃
$# "
22. One end of a copper rod of length 1.0 𝑚 and area of cross-section 10 𝑚 is immersed in boiling water
and the other end in ice. If the coefficient of thermal conductivity of copper is 92 𝑐𝑎𝑙/𝑚-𝑠-℃ and the latent
heat of ice is 8 × 10( 𝑐𝑎𝑙/𝑘𝑔, then the amount of ice which will melt in one minute is
a) 9.2 × 10$# 𝑘𝑔 b) 8 × 10$# 𝑘𝑔 c) 6.9 × 10$# 𝑘𝑔 d) 5.4 × 10$# 𝑘𝑔

23. Three rods made of same material and having same cross-section are joined as shown in the
figure. Each rod is of same length. The temperature at the junction of the three rods is
 a) 45℃ b) 90℃ c) 30℃ d) 60℃
24. Two conducting rods 𝐴 and 𝐵 of same length and cross-sectional area are connected (i) In series (ii) In
parallel as shown. In both combination a temperature difference of 100℃ is maintained. If thermal
conductivity of 𝐴 is 3𝐾 and that of 𝐵 is 𝐾 then the ratio of heat current flowing in parallel combination to
that flowing in series combination is
A B
3K
100oC 3K K 0oC 100oC 0oC
K
l l

(i) (ii)
16 3 1 1
a) b) c) d)
3 16 1 3
25. In the following figure, two insulating sheets with thermal resistances 𝑅 and 3𝑅 as shown in figure. The
temperature 𝜃 is
Q
20°C
3R q
R 100°C

a) 20℃ b) 60℃ c) 75℃ d) 80℃

26. Five rods of same dimensions are arranged as shown in figure. They have thermal conductivities
𝐾! , 𝐾" , 𝐾# , 𝐾( and 𝐾) . When points 𝐴 and 𝐵 are maintained at different temperature, no heat would flow
through central rod, if

a) 𝐾! 𝐾( = 𝐾" 𝐾# b) 𝐾! = 𝐾( and 𝐾" = 𝐾#

𝐾! 𝐾"
c) = d) 𝐾! 𝐾" = 𝐾# 𝐾( .
𝐾( 𝐾#
 : HINTS AND SOLUTIONS :
1 (b) Since in the region 𝐵 temperature is constant
In convection, the heated lighter particles therefore at this temperature phase of the
move upwards and colder heavier particles material changes from solid to liquid and (𝐻" −
move downwards to their place. This depends 𝐻! ) heat will be absorb by the material. This heat
on weight and hence, on gravity. is known as the heat of melting of the solid.
2 (c) Similarly in the region 𝐶𝐷 temperature is constant
The given arrangement of rods can be redrawn as therefore at this temperature phase of the
follows material changes from liquid to gas and (𝐻( − 𝐻# )
heat will be absorbed by the material. This heat as
known as the heat of vaporisation of the liquid
H1 H1 K1 K2 8 (a)
l l
When a piece of glass is heated, due to low
K3 thermal conductivity it does not conduct heat fast.
H2 H
H Hence unequal expansion of it’s layers crack the
It is given that 𝐻! = 𝐻" glass
𝐾𝐴(𝜃! − 𝜃" ) 𝐾# 𝐴(𝜃! − 𝜃" ) 𝐾 9 (d)
⇒ = ⇒ 𝐾# =
2𝑙 𝑙 2 Because steady state has been reached
𝐾! 𝐾" 10 (d)
=
𝐾! + 𝐾" ' 1 4' 1
Temperature of interface 𝑇 = !'! 4'" "
3 (b) ! "
300 × 100 + 200 × 0
In parallel combination equivalent conductivity = = 60℃
𝐾! 𝐴! + 𝐾" 𝐴" 𝐾! + 𝐾" 300 + 200
𝐾= = [As 𝐴! = 𝐴" ] 11 (a)
𝐴! + 𝐴" 2
∆𝑄 ∆𝑄
4 (b) r s =r s
∆𝑡 5 ∆𝑡 +
Let the temperature of junction be 𝜃 then
(𝑇! − 𝑇" ) (𝑇! − 𝑇" )
according to the following figure 𝐾! 𝐴! = 𝐾" 𝐴"
𝑙 𝑙
50° %! '"
2K
Or 𝐾 𝐴
! ! = 𝐾 𝐴
" " 𝑜𝑟 =
%" '!
H1
H 12 (b)
100° 3K q H2 ∆𝑄(∆𝑥)
∆𝑡 =
K 𝐾𝐴(∆𝑇)
20°
When two rods of same length are joined in
𝐻 = 𝐻! + 𝐻" parallel,
3𝐾 × 𝐴 × (100 − 𝜃) 1
⇒ 𝐴 → 2 and (∆𝑥) → times
𝑙 2
2𝐾𝐴(𝜃 − 50) 𝐾𝐴(𝜃 − 20) 1 1
= + ∴ ∆𝑡 becomes times 𝑖𝑒, × 12s = 3s
𝑙 𝑙 4 4
⇒ 300 − 3𝜃 = 3𝜃 − 120 ⇒ 𝜃 = 70℃ 13 (b)
5 (b) For parallel combination of two rods of equal
!**$"*
Temperature gradient = "*
= 4℃/𝑐𝑚 lengths and equal areas of cross-section,
!! $!"
Temperature of centre = 100 − 4 × 10 = 60℃ 𝐾= %
6 (b) #$!
!! $
+ -./ " (1! $1" ) /" = %
Rate of heat flow y , z = 3
∝ 3 %
" &!! &
𝑄! 𝑟! " 𝑙" 1 2 1 = '! = '
∴ = r s r s = r s × r s = ⇒ 𝑄" = 2𝑄! !
𝑄" 𝑟" 𝑙! 2 1 2 14 (c)
7 (c)
 Equivalent thermal conductivity of the
R 2R
R
compound, slab,
120°C R
*! $*" *$*
𝐾() = &! &" = & &
C
$ $ A B
$! $" $ "$ 20°C
%* # R R
= %& = "
K 2R
"$
15 (c) q
R R
From given curve, A C
120°C B 20°C
Melting point for 𝐴 = 60℃
(Heat current)%? = (Heat current)%&
And melting point for 𝐵 = 20℃
(120 − 20) (120 − 𝜃)
Time taken by 𝐴 for fusion = (6 − 2) = 4 minute = ⇒ 𝜃 = 70℃
2𝑅 𝑅
Time taken by 𝐵 for fusion = (6.5 − 4) = 2.5
21 (a)
minute
6 7×(×7* : The situation is given in the figure. Let θ be
Then 6# = 7×".)×7* = )
$ the temperature at point C.
16 (b)
For parallel combination of two rods of equal
length and equal area of cross-section.
('!
𝐾! + 𝐾" 𝐾! + #
𝐾= =
2 2
;'! We know that the rate flow of heat
= + !-(/! 0/" )
7
' ; ,
= 2
Hence , =
'! 7
Here, K= coefficient of thermal conductivity
17 (c)
A=area of cross-section
As is clear from figure. !-(3440/) !-(/034)
𝑑𝑄 𝑑𝑄! 𝑑𝑄" ⇒ #4
= '4
= +
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 3440/ /034
=
𝐾(𝐴! + 𝐴" )𝑑𝑇 𝑑𝑇 𝑑𝑇 % "
= 𝐾! 𝐴! + 𝐾" 𝐴" 300 − 3θ = 2θ − 20
𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥 𝑑𝑥
'! %! 4'" %"
𝐾= 5θ = 320
%! 4%"
"%4
18 (a) θ= 5
<+
𝑑𝑄 𝐾(𝜋𝑟 " )𝑑𝜃 y <, z
𝐾= × 𝑟=" × 𝑙! θ = 64℃
=
= ⇒ = 22 (c)
𝑑𝑡 𝑑𝑡 y <, z 𝐾> × 𝑟!" × 𝑙=
<+
> Heat transferred in one minute is utilised in
1 1 2 '%(1! $1" ),
= × × melting the ice so, >
=𝑚×𝐿
2 4 1
<+ 10$# × 92 × (100 − 0) × 60
𝑑𝑄 y <, z 4 ⇒𝑚=
⇒r s = >
= =1 1 × 8 × 10(
𝑑𝑡 = 4 4 = 6.9 × 10$# 𝑘𝑔
19 (a) 23 (d)
Thermal resistance Let the temperature of function be θ, then
𝑙 𝐿 𝐻 = 𝐻3 + 𝐻%
= =• ‘ = [𝑀$! 𝐿$" 𝑇 # 𝐾]
𝐾𝐴 𝑀𝐿𝑇 𝐾 $! × 𝐿"
$#
!-(/04) !-(740/) !-(740/)
20 (c) ⇒ 6
= 6
+ 6
If thermal resistance of each rod is considered 𝑅
then, the given combination can be redrawn as
follows
 Or θ = 90 − θ + 90 − θ 25 (d)
Or θ = 180 − 2θ For the two sheets 𝐻! = 𝐻" [𝐻 = Rate of heat
Or 3θ = 180 flow]
(100 − 𝜃) (𝜃 − 20)
Or θ = 60℃ ⇒ = ⇒ 𝜃 = 80℃
𝑅 3𝑅
24 (a)
∆1 6% A
26 (a)
Heat current 𝐻 = ⇒ = A& The equivalent electrical circuit, figure in these
A 6& %

In first case : 𝑅B = 𝑅! + 𝑅" = (#')% + '% = # '%

> > ( > cases is of Wheatstone bridge. No current would
! +
flow through central rod 𝐶𝐷 when the bridge is
×
In second case : 𝑅5 = A !4A" =
A A (())# )# >
= ('% balanced. The condition for balanced Wheatstone
+ +
! " C(())#4 D 5 A
)# bridge is + = B (in terms of resistances)
(>
𝐻5 16 !/'! !/' ' '
∴ = #'%
= = !/'( or '" = ',
> !.'"
𝐻B 3 , ! (
('% Or 𝐾! 𝐾( = 𝐾" 𝐾#