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ALLED Mathematics
Quadratic Equation \
‘A polynomial equation of degree two is called quadratic equation.
For eg. ax? +bx+ c= 0, where a,b,c < Randa+0,
Roots of the Quadratic Equal
A quadratic equation i.e. aa? + ba. + c= 0 has two roots, if a. & f are two roots of the gi given
bab and p = P= ees where D = b? - 4acis the discriminant.
quadratic equation then ot =
-b coefficient of x
2b __(coefficient of x) any a,
Sse (estan oP
Pema crelrthaits tims
Let a, 8 be the two roots then we can form a quadratic equation as follows. we
= (sum of roots) x + (product of roots) = 0
Nature of Roots
For a quadratic equation ax? + bx + ¢ = O where a, b, c « Randa #0 and D = b?- 4ac
D=b?-4ac
bD0
imaginary part roots are equal roots are unequal
Dis aperfect Disnota
‘square perfect square
Roots are irrational
cand conjugate
if a, b, care rational
Roots are rational
if a,b, care rational Condition for Common Roots —
Consider two quadratic equations.
ax? + bx +c = 0,a# 0 and a’x? + b’x +c’ = 0,a' #0
© Tf one root is common then, (ab’ - a’b) (be" ~ b’e) = (ca! ~ ca)?
© If tworoots are common then, bas
Atx= 2 we get the maximum or minimum value of the quadratic expression,
When a > 0 (in the expression ax? + bx + c) the expression gives minimum value,
Relation between roots
and coefficients
For quadratic equation ax? + bx + ¢ = 0, having the roots a and B
ia} =f
a+B=— and af = €
© For cubic equation ax? + bx? + cx + d= 0, having roots 0, B and y
ar pers, aB+By+ a= and apy
¥
Tf a, Band yare roots of a cubic equation then it can be written as
Kix - (@ + B+ ax? + (PB + 70.4 ¥B)x - epBy] = O y
ae EXERCISE
é Peal CSE Ee
sjultiple choice Questions 7. Solve: Jax+9 - Vx-4
id x2, of th adra
Jf the root mam ~ ° ; he sete (1)4,16 (2) 8,20
ao = 0 also
quation * suave (3)2,8 (4) None of these
spuation 72431 47, then which of the '
following is true? 8. Solve forx:2 [e A ]-fx+4] +14=0
qer-t5 (2)x1=5,x2=3 1
gysiz45ix2=-25 (4) None ofthese jw i, 1,2 W245
ifa, Bare the roots of the equation x? + 2x
5 1.1 4.41 (4) None of these
+420, then +55 is equal to 3
op /
9. The number of real solutions of the
1 1
w-t (= ena Leg te
2 4 equation x ea 2. Fa is
1
(3) 32 (4) 32 (1) 0 (21
. (3)2 (4) Infinite
Ifa, Bare the roots of the equation x? + 7x
Ws 0, then the equation whose roots | 2 The equation vx+1-¥ —L=vax-1
are (a. + B)2and (a - B)?is has
(i) x2+50x+49=0 (1) No solution
(2)x2-50x+49=0 (2) One solution
()x2-50x-49=0 (3) Two solutions
(4)x?+12x+7=0 (4) More than two solutions
The value of k (k > 0) for which the | 11. The number of real roots of the equation
equations x2 + kx + 64 = 0 and x?- 8x+k=0 (x-1)2+ (x- 2)? + (K-37=0
both will have real roots is ayo (22
(8 (2) 16 (3)3 (46
(3) -64 (4) None ofthese | 47. Equationax?+2x +1 has one double root if
Solve for x : x6 - 26x3 - 27 = 0 (azo Q@az-
1) ~
13 (21,3 (azt (a)a=2
1-3 (4) -1,-3
2 ’ 13. Solve forx: (x +2) (x-5) (x-6) (x+1)=144
A V2x+9 +x= 13 (1)-1,-2,-3 (2)7,-3,2
ra
4,16 (2)8 (3) 2,-3,5 (4) None of these
[173] Olympiads : Class 10
14. What does the following graph
represent?
y
3 x
15.
16.
17.
18.
(4) Quadratic polynomial has just one root.
(2) Quadratic polynomial has unequal roots.
(3) Quadratic polynomial has no root.
(4) Quadratic polynomial has equal roots
and constant term is non-zero.
Consider the equation ax? + bx +c = 0,
such that 0 is one of it's roots, then
(1) c= 0,x= — satisfies the equation
al q'
(2)c#0,x= = satisfies the equation
(3) x= — satisfies the equation.
a
(4) Equation has equal roots.
If a,B are the roots of a quadratic
equation x2 - 3x +5 = 0, then the equation
whose roots are (ai? - 3a.+7) and (2-38 +7)
is
()x?+4x41=0
(3)x?-4x-1=0
(2)x?-4x+4=0
(4) x24 2x+3=0
For what value ofa the curve y = x? + ax +25
touches the x-axis
ajo (2)+5
(3) #10 (4) None of these
The value of the expression x? + 2bx + ¢
will be positive for all real x, if
(1) b?-4e>0 (2) b?-4c<0
@)e0
have a common root, then a is equal to
q@)1 (2)2
(3)4 (45
If the quadratic equation 2x? + ax +b=0
and 2x? + bx +a= 0 (a+b) havea common
root, then the value ofa + bis
(1)-3 (2) -2
(3) -1 (4)0 ye
vi x equation x? + bx +ca=Oandx@+ex ] 32, == Mehmet
ab = O have a common root and b x 1 Sumo the) teoluons
then their other roots will satisfy the ca oR 2 is zero, The product of
tion
fat @+ Ox+be=0 the solutions is
(qyxt-axtbe=0 ao (2) 3(a+b)
gyxetaxtbe=0 1
(4) None of these (3) -5@" +b") (4) 2(a + b?)
7. If both the roots of the equations x2 +mx | 33. If the roots of the equation (c?~ ab)
+1=0and (b~) 2+ (c~a) x4 (a-b) =0 ~ 2(a?— be) x + (b?- ac)=0 for a# 0 are
are common, then real and equal, then the value of a3 + b3 + c?
(ym=-2 is
@m=0 (1) abe (2) 3abe
28, The equation x ~ — (3) zero (4) None of these
(1) Two solutions 34. Ifa, B are the roots of x2- 8x + P = 0 and
(2) Infinitely many solutions ? + B? = 40, then the value of P is
(3) Only one solution ms (2) 10
(4) No solution (3) 12 (4) 14
| 19, The coefficient of x in the equation x?+ px | 35. The roots of the equation 3x? + 7x + 8=0
+p=0 was wrongly written as 17 in place are
of 13 and the roots thus found were -2 (1) Realand Equal (2) Complex
and-15. The roots of the correct equation (3) Real and Unequal (4) None of these
would be 36. Ina family, eleven times the number of
()-4,-9 (2) -3,-10 children is increased twice the square of
(3) -3,-9 (4) -4,-10 the number of children by 12. How many
30, Find all the integral values of a for which children are there?
the quadratic equation (x-a) (x- 10) +1=0 «3 a4
has equal roots (3)2 (4)5
12,8 (2) 4,6 37. If 4 is a solution of the equation
82,0 (4) None of these
i
|
}
|
| fx? (a 4b) x +ab = 0, then the value of
(-a)2+ (x- bis
(ats pe
(3) (@-bye
(2) (a+b)?
b2
x243x+k=10, where k is a constant, then
what is the other solution?
(1) -18 (2)-7
(3) -28 (4) None of these
OO eeestsFTFsFsfsfsfsfforre
i Olympiads : Class 10 Np
Ga In a ight of 600 Kem, an acai
38. If-2y3 is a root of the equation x? + px 4 -
jown due to bad wi
6 = 0 and the equation x? + px + q has slowed di eather.
ced for the trip was re,
equal roots, then the value of q is average SP P WAS reduce by
200 km/h and the time of flight incr,
a
m2 @-s8
4 by 30 minutes. Find the actual durin,
a 7
By (4) 8 flight.
39. Ifone of the roots of a quadratic equation (1) 1 hour (2) 5 hours
5
with rational coefficients is = ag rthen (3) 3 hours (4) 4 hours
+
43. Whatis the maximum value of 3— 432.4 2,7
the quadratic equation must be
2 a # #2
(1)x? + 22x+115=0 =e =;
(2) 2x2 + 44x 4115 =0 3
(3)x?- 22x- 115 =0 Os @ >
2 =
late a ald 44. If p, q, r belong to real number and
40. How many integers are solutions to the
equations px? + qx += Oand x? +3x+11=0
equation (x—2)>* =1
have a common root, then p: q:
ao (2)1
(4) 11:3:5 (2)4:5:11
(3)2 (44
(3)1:3:11 (4)1:2:3
41. Out of a number of Saras birds, 2th the ;
4 45. Att minutes past 4 pm, the time needed
number are moving about in lotus plants, by the minute hand of a clock to shows
za Coupled (along) with fh as well as pm was found to be 24 minutes less than
:
7 times the square root of the numb: t .
mS eed er ( minutes. Find t (in miutes)-
move on a hill and 56 birds remain in
Vakula trees. What is the total number of (1) 24
birds? (2) 30
(1) 756 (2) 576 (3) 36
(3) 563 (4) 257 (4) 40
[176] sau
ANSWER KEY
6 Ti 8 9 | 10 | 11 | 12 | 13 | 14 | 15
2 2 1 1 1 1 3 2 4\|1
21 | 22 | 23 | 24 | 25 | 26 | 27 | 28 | 29 | 30
2 3 4 3 2 1 1 4 2 1
36 | 37 | 38 | 39 | 40 | 41 | 42 | 43 | 44 | 45
2 2 1 4 4 2 1 2 3 3
