Page 1 of 8 CPP - SANKALP_GO–10-PH-VII

CPP
GEOMETRICAL OPTICS - SHEET: 10(Lecture-11)
LEVEL - I

1. A convex lens of focal length 20 cm is cut into two equal parts so

as to obtain two plano-convex lenses as shown in figure. The two
parts are then put in contact as shown in the figure. What is the
focal length of the combination ?

2. A point object is placed beyond the focus of a convex lens cut into two halves, each of
which are separated by a small distance. Then find the number of images formed.

3. An astronomical telescope has a magnifying power of 10. In normal adjustment, distance between the
objective and eye piece is 22 cm. calculate focal length of objective lens.

4. The eyepiece of an astronomical telescope has a focal length of 10 cm. the telescope is focused for normal
vision of distant objects when the tube length is 1.0 m. Find the focal length of the objective and the
magnifying power of the telescope.

5. A convex lens of focal length 40 cm is in contact with a concave lens of focal length 25 cm. What is the power
of the combination.

6. The focal lengths of the objective and eye-lens of a microscope are 1 cm and 5 cm respectively. If the
magnifying power for the relaxed eye is 45, then the length of the tube is
(A) 30 cm (B) 25 cm (C) 15 cm (D) 12 cm

7. If in compound microscope m1 and m2 be the linear magnification of the objective lens and eye lens
respectively, then magnifying power of the compound microscope will be
(A) m1 - m2 (B) m1 + m2
(C) (m1 + m2 ) / 2 (D) m1 ´ m2

8. The length of the compound microscope is 14 cm. The magnifying power for relaxed eye is 25. If the focal
length of eye lens is 5 cm, then the object distance for objective lens will be
(A) 1.8 cm (B) 1.5 cm (C) 2.1 cm (D) 2.4 cm

9. The focal lengths of the objective and the eye-piece of a compound microscope are 2.0 cm and 3.0 cm
respectively. The distance between the objective and the eye-piece is 15.0 cm. The final image formed by the
eye-piece is at infinity. The two lenses are thin. The distances in cm of the object and the image produced by
the objective measured from the objective lens are respectively
(A) 2.4 and 12.0 (B) 2.4 and 15.0 (C) 2.3 and 12.0 (D) 2.3 and 3.0

10. In a compound microscope, the focal lengths of two lenses are 1.5 cm and 6.25 cm an object is placed at 2
cm form objective and the final image is formed at 25 cm from eye lens. The distance between the two lenses
is
(A) 6.00 cm (B) 7.75 cm (C) 9.25 cm (D) 11.00 cm

11. The length of the tube of a microscope is 10 cm. The focal lengths of the objective and eye lenses are 0.5 cm
and 1.0 cm. The magnifying power of the microscope is about
(A) 5 (B) 23 (C) 166 (D) 500

12. In a compound microscope, the intermediate image is

(A) Virtual, erect and magnified (B) Real, erect and magnified
(C) Real, inverted and magnified (D) Virtual, erect and reduced

13. A compound microscope has two lenses. The magnifying power of one is 5 and the combined magnifying
power is 100. The magnifying power of the other lens is
(A) 10 (B) 20 (C) 50 (D) 25

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14. Wavelength of light used in an optical instrument are l 1 = 4000 Å and l 2 = 5000 Å, then ratio of their
respective resolving power (corresponding to l 1 and l 2 ) is
(A) 16 : 25 (B) 9:1 (C) 4:5 (D) 5:4

15. The image formed by an objective of a compound microscope is

(A) Virtual and enlarged (B) Virtual and diminished
(C) Real and diminished (D) Real and enlarged

16. The magnifying power of an astronomical telescope is 8 and the distance between the two lenses is 54 cm.
The focal length of eye lens and objective lens will be respectively
(A) 6 cm and 48 cm (B) 48 cm and 6 cm
(C) 8 cm and 64 cm (D) 64 cm and 8 cm

17. The aperture of the objective lens of a telescope is made large so as to

(A) Increase the magnifying power of the telescope
(B) Increase the resolving power of the telescope
(C) Make image aberration less
(D) Focus on distant objects

18. The focal lengths of the objective and eye lenses of a telescope are respectively 200 cm and 5 cm. The
maximum magnifying power of the telescope will be
(A) – 40 (B) – 48 (C) – 60 (D) – 100

19. In a terrestrial telescope, the focal length of objective is 90 cm, of inverting lens is 5 cm and of eye lens is 6
cm. If the final image is at 30 cm, then the magnification will be
(A) 21 (B) 12 (C) 18 (D) 15

20. Shown in the figure here is a convergent lens placed inside a cell filled with a liquid. The
lens has focal length $ 20 cm when in air and its material has refractive index 1.50. If
the liquid has refractive index 1.60 , the focal length of the system is
(A) + 80 cm (B) – 80 cm
(C) – 24 cm (D) – 100 cm

21. The size of the image of an object, which is at infinity, as formed by a convex lens of focal length 30 cm is 2
cm. If a concave lens of focal length 20 cm is placed between the convex lens and the image at a distance of
26 cm from the convex lens, calculate the new size of the image
(A) 1.25 cm (B) 2.5 cm (C) 1.05 cm (D) 2 cm

LEVEL - II

1. Figure shows three lenses of equal radii of curvature of the curved P Q R

surfaces. Find the ratio of focal lengths of P, Q and R.

//
2. A converging lens of focal length 30 cm and a converging
////

mirror of focal length 40 cm are placed with their principal

//////////////

Object
axis at a distance of 40 cm from the lens an object is
placed. It is found that final image is formed at focus of lens,
/

//
then find the distance between lens and mirror.
40cm S

3. Find the maximum magnifying power of a compound microscope having a 25 dioptre lens as the objective, a 5
dioptre lens ad the eyepiece and the separation 30 cm between the two lenses. The least distance fro clear
vision is 25 cm.

4. A nearsighted person cannot see beyond 25 cm. Assuming that the separation of the glass from the eye is 1
cm, find the power of lens needed to see distant objects.

5. A compound microscope consists of an objective of focal length 1 cm and eyepiece of focal length 5 cm. An
object is placed at a distance of 0.5 cm from the objective. What should be the separation between the lenses
so that the microscope projects an inverted real image of the object on a screen 30 cm behind the eyepiece?

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6. A person uses + 1.5 D glasses to have normal vision from 25 cm onwards. He uses a 20 D lens as a simple
microscope to see an object. Calculate the maximum magnifying power, If he uses the microscope (a)
together with his glasses (b) without the glasses.

7. A concave mirror of radius of curvature 30 cm is placed on a table with its reflecting surface facing upwards. A
little liquid is poured on the surface of the mirror. Then, a pin is held above it and is so adjusted that it
coincides with its own image. The distance of the pin from the flat surface of liquid is 23 cm. Calculate index of
refraction of the liquid.
th
8. A professor reads a greeting card received on his 50 birthday with +2.5 D glasses keeping the card 25 cm
away. Ten years later, he reads his farewell letter with the same glasses but he has to keep the letter 50 cm
away. What power of lens should he now use?
9. A person has near point at 100 cm. What power of lens is needed to read at 20 cm if he/she uses (a) contact
lens, (b) spectacles having glasses 2.0 cm separated from the eyes?

10. A lady uses +1.5D glasses to have normal vision from 25 cm onwards. She uses a 20 D lens as a simple
microscope to see an object. Find the maximum magnifying power if she uses the microscope (a) together
with her glass (b) without the glass. Do the answers suggest that an object can be more clearly seen through
a microscope without using the correcting glasses?

11. The objective of telescope A has a diameter 3 times that of the objective of telescope B. How much greater
amount of light is gathered by A compared to B? Show that range of A is three times range of B.

12. A thin plane-convex lens acts like a concave mirror of 28  102 m focal length when its plane surface is
silvered. Calculate the radius of curvature of its curved surface if the refractive index of the material of the lens
is 1.5. What is the power of the lens?

13. The separation between the objective and the eyepiece of a compound microscope can be adjusted between
9.8 cm to 11.8 cm. If the focal lengths of the objective and the eyepiece are 1.0 cm and 6 cm respectively, find
the range of the magnifying power if the image always needed at 24 cm from the eye.

14. A compound microscope consists of an objective of focal length 1.0 cm and an eyepiece of focal length 5 cm
separated by 12.2 cm.
(a) At what distance from the objective should an object be placed to focus it properly so that the final image
is formed at the least distance of clear vision?
(b) Calculate the angular magnification.

R3
15. The figure shows a silvered lens. A = 1.6 and B = 1.2, R1 = 80 cm, R2 = R2
40 cm and R3 = 20 cm. An object is placed at a distance of 12 cm from this R1
lens. Find the image position. A
 
B

16. 2 identical thin converging lenses brought in contact so that their axis coincide are placed
12.5 cm from an object. What is the optical power of the system and each lens, if the real image formed by the
system of lenses is four times as large as the object?

17. A plano-convex lens of refractive index 1.5 and radius of curvature 30 cm is silvered on its flat surface. Where
should an object be placed relative to the silvered lens so as to form a real image of the same size as the
object?

18. Two identical equi-concave lenses made of glass of reflected index 1.5,
1placed in contact has power P. When a liquid of refractive index  is filled in
the gap between the concave lenses, the power becomes of initial value(P/3). 1 2
K
The value of  is . Find the value of K.
3

19. A person with a normal near point (25cm) uses a compound microscope consisting of an objective lens of
focal length 8.0 mm and an eye-lens of focal length 2.5cm. A small object placed at a distance of 9.0 mm in
front of the objective lens produces an image, which is then magnified by the eye-lens to produce a virtual
image at the near point. Assume that the eye is placed close to the eye-piece.
(a) What is the distance between the objective and the eye-lens?
(b) Find the magnifying power of the microscope.
20. Assume that the mean wavelength of white light is 555 nm. Estimate the smallest angular separation of the
two stars which can be just resolved by the telescope. Given the diameter of the objective of an astromical
telescope is 25 cm.

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21. A planet is observed through an astronomical refracting telescope having an objective of focal length 16 m
and an eyepiece of focal length 2 cm. the,
(A) the distance between the objective and the eyepiece is 16.02 m
(B) the angular magnification of the planet is 800.
(C) the image of the planet is inverted.
(D) an objective of larger aperture will increase the brightness and reduce chromatic aberration of the image
formed.
22. One face of a biconvex lens of radius R1 = R2 = 30 cm and  = 1.5
is silvered as shown in the figure. The image of the object placed at
a distance u = 60 cm is formed at
O
(A) 60/7 cm behind the silver face
(B) 60/9 cm behind the silvered face
(C) 20/3 cm in front of silvered face
(D) none of these
23. A thin concavo-convex lens of glass ( = 3/2) is silvered from concave side. The
radius of curvature of two surfaces are 60 cm and 20 cm. This combination will  = 1
behave as
(A) convex mirror (B) concave mirror
(C) plane mirror (D) cannot be determined
24. A thin equiconvex lens, made of material of refractive index  = 1.25 is placed infront
of plane mirror as shown in the figure. A point object O is placed at a distance of 40 (image)
cm from the lens on the principle axis. Its image is formed at the same point O. It can O (object)
be calculated that
(A) The radius of curvature of the lens is equal to 10 cm and the system behave as a
concave mirror 40 cm
(B) The radius of curvature of the lens is equal to 10 cm and the system behave as a convex mirror
(C) The radius of curvature of the lens is equal to 20 cm and the system behave as a concave mirror
(D) The radius of curvature of the lens is equal to 20 cm and the system behave as a convex mirror
3
25. Consider a system of thin lenses and mirror as shown in the figure. Refractive 2

indices of media are given as 1, 2 & 3 and radii of curvature of interfaces are 1

given as  R1,R2 and R3 then find the magnitude of focal length of the system.
(Take 1  ,  2  2, 3  3 and R1  R,R2  R3  2R )
R1
R R R R R
R 3

(A) F  (B) F  (C) F  (D) F  2

6 4 3 5
26. It is desired to produce an achromatic combination of thin lenses having an effective focal length f in air. The
two lenses to be used for the combination must have their dispersive powers 1 and 2 and focal lengths for
yellow light as f1 and f2 respectively then:( An achromatic combination means that the combination must have
same focal length for all the colours)
          
(A) f1   1  f (B) f2   1  2  f (C) f1   1  2  f (D) f2   1  1  f
 2   1   1   2 
27. A thin concave and a convex lens have the same focal length of 40 cm, and are put into contact to form a lens
combination. The combination is used to view an object of 5 mm length kept at 20 cm form the lens
combination. As compared to the object, the image will be
(A) Magnified and inverted (B) Reduced and erect
(C) Of the same size as the object and erect (D) Of the same size as the object but inverted
28. The plane surface of a plano-convex lens of focal length 20 cm is silvered. It will behave as
(A) Plane mirror (B) Convex mirror of focal length 40
(C) Concave mirror of focal length 10 cm (D) None of the above
A
29. A point object is placed at a distance of 20 cm from a thin plano-
convex lens of focal length 15 cm. If the plane surface is silvered,
the image will form at :
(A) 60 cm left from AB O I
(B) 30 cm left from AB 20 cm
(C) 12 cm left from AB
B
(D) 60 cm right from AB
30. An object is placed at a distance 40 cm from a convex lens of
focal length = 20 cm. A concave mirror of focal length 30 cm is
also place on other side of lens at a distance 100 cm. Final image
of object is formed through lens after reflection from mirror ; then
(A) The final image is real, erect and of same size of object
(B) The final image is real, inverted and of same size of object
(C) Distance between final image and mirror is 60 cm
(D) Distance between final image and lens is 40 cm
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GEOMETRICAL OPTICS - SHEET: 10(Lecture-11)

Answers
LEVEL – I
1. 20 cm

2. two
3. Here, m = 10, L = 22 cm
f0 = ?
f
As m =  0
fe
f0
10 =  or f0 = 10 fe
fe
As L = f0 + fe
 22 = 10fe + fe = 11 fe
22
or fe   2 cm
11
f0 = 10 fe = 10  2 = 20 cm

4. 90 cm, 9
1 1
5. P= – = –1.5 dioptres
0  40 0  25
(L - fo - fe ) ×D
6. (C) By using m¥ = ¥
fo fe
(L ¥ - 1 - 5) ´ 25
Þ 45 = Þ L ¥ = 15 cm .
1´ 5
7. (D) Magnification of a compound microscope is given by
vo D
m=- ´ Þ | m |= mo ´ me
uo ue
8. (A) L ¥ = v o + f e Þ 14 = v o + 5 Þ v o = 9 cm
Magnifying power of microscope for relaxed eye
vo D 9 25 9
m= × or 25 = × or uo = = 1.8 cm
uo fe uo 5 5
9. (A) When final image is formed at infinity,
length of the tube = v o + fe
Þ 15 = v o + 3 Þ v o = 12 cm
1 1 1
For objective lens = = -
fo v o uo
1 1 1
Þ = - Þ uo = - 2.4 cm
( +2) ( +12) uo
uo fo fD
10. (D) L = v o + ue = + e
(uo - fo ) fe + D
2 ´ 1.5 6.25 ´ 25
Þ L= + = 11cm
(2 - 1.5) (6.25 + 25)

LD 10 ´ 25
11. (D) m» Þ m= = 500
fo fe 0.5 ´ 1
12. (C) Intermediate image means the image formed by objective, which is real, inverted and enlarged.
13. (B) m = mo ´ me Þ 100 = 5 ´ me Þ me = 20
1 (R.P.)1 l 2 5
14. (D) R.P. µ Þ = =
l (R.P.)2 l 1 4
15. (D) Similar to Q. No. 34
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f
16. (A) fo + fe = 54 and o = m = 8 Þ fo = 8fe
fe
54
Þ 8fe + fe = 54 Þ fe = =6
9
Þ fo = 8fe = 8 ´ 6 = 48
D
17. (B) R.P. µ
l
18. (B) Magnifying power of astronomical telescope
fo æ fe ö 200 æ 5 ö
m= çè1 + D ÷ =- ç1 + ÷ = - 48
fe ø 5 è 25 ø
fo æ fe ö 90 æ 6 ö
19. (C) m= çè1 + D ÷ Þ m= ç1 + ÷ Þ m = 18
fe ø 6 è 30 ø
1 1 1 1
20. (D) = + +
F f1 f2 f3
1 æ1 1 ö 0.6 3 + +
= (1.6 - 1) ç - ÷ =- =- … (i)
f1 è ¥ 20 ø 20 100
1 æ1 1 ö 1
= (1.5 - 1) ç - ÷ =- … (ii)
f2 è 20 - 20 ø 20
1 æ 1 1ö 3
= (1.6 - 1) ç - ÷= - … (iii)
f3 è - 20 ¥ ø 100
1 3 1 3
Þ =- + - Þ F = - 100 cm
F 100 20 100

21. (B) Convex lens will form image I1 at it's focus which acts
like a virtual object for concave lens.
Hence for concave lens u = +4 cm , f = 20 cm. So by lens
1 1 1
formula = - Þ v = 5 cm i.e. distance of
- 20 v 4
final image ( I 2 ) from concave lens v = 5 cm by using
v I 5 I
= Þ = Þ (I 2 ) = 2.5 cm
u O 4 2
LEVEL – II
1. 1 : 2 : 1
2. 160 cm
1 1 1 1 1 1
  ;    V  120 cm
V 40 30 V 30 40
This image must be placed at focus of mirror
then rays reflected from mirror will be parallel to principal axis then similarly it will converge at focus of lens.
 160
3. 8.4
4. 4.2 D
5. 5 cm
6. Here P1 = 1.5 D; d = 25 cm
P2 = 20 D
(a) With glasses,
Focal length of glasses,
100 100 200
f1    cm
P1 1.5 3
u = 25 cm, v = ?
1 1 1
As  
v u f1

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1 1 1
  
v f1 u
3 1 38 5
=   
200 25 200 200
v = 40 cm
d 40
M=1+ =1+ 9
f2 100 / 20
(b) Without glasses
d 25
M 1   1  6
f2 100 / 20

7. Note that the liquid and the concave mirror form a liquid plane-convex lens, the C
curved surface of which is silvered. The ray OA bends along AB by refraction at the
plane surface. The ray is returned along BA by the lower surface and along AO by
the upper surface and the final image is formed at that very place where the object O

lies.
On producing BA it must pass through the centre of curvature C of the mirror. A P
Thus, for plane surface PO = object distance = 23 cm (given) and PC = 30 cm
(neglecting the thickness of the liquid). B
According to new convention
 1  1 30
  or    1.30
30 23  23

8. +4.5 D
9. +4D, +4.53 D
10. (a) 9.6 (b) 9
11. As diameter of objective of A is 3 times that of B, its area of cross section is 9 times that of B. therefore, light
gathering capacity of A is 9 times that of B.
Now, range tells us how far away a star of some standard brightness can be spotted by the telescope.
1 1
As intensity  2
therefore, when distance of star is 3 times, the intensity would reduce to th . As
(dis tance) 9
light gathering capacity of A is 9 times that of B, the star whose distance is 3 times can just be seen by A.
Hence range of A is three times that of B.

12. The lens acts like a concave mirror of focal length 0.28 m. This means that
an object coincides with its image when it is at a distance 2  0.28 = 0.56 m
from the lens because in the case of a concave mirror, the image coincides O
with the object when the object is at its centre of curvature.

Consider refraction at a spherical surface. The ray diverging from the object (O) must refract at curved surface
in such a way that it falls normally on the plane surface so that the ray may retrace its path and a self-
coincident image is formed. If the plane surface is absent, the ray will travel to infinity. Hence, the image of the
object formed by the curved surface is at infinity.
So, for the curved surface
u = 0.56 m, v = , 1 = 1 and 2 = 1.5 (numerically)
According to coordinate convention
1.5 1 1.5  1
  or r = +0.28 m
 0.56 r
Hence, radius of curvature of the curved surface is 0.28 m
According to new convention
1.5 1 1.5  1
  or r = +0.28
 0.56 r
1 1
Power = 2  ( 1) = 2(1.5  1)   3.57 D. (Multiplied by 2 because the ray traverses the lens twice)
r1 0.28
13. 20 to 30
14. For eyepiece, vE = 25 cm., fE = +5 cm
 uE = 4.17 cm  4.2 cm
L = vo + uE = 12.2 cm , here vo = 8 cm
(a) fo = +1 cm  uo 1.1 cm. =
v  D   8   25 
(b) m= o 1   =  1  44
uo  fE   1.1   5 
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15. 24 cm to the left of the silvered lens.

16. 10 D, Optical power of each lens = 5 D.
17. 60 cm.
18. 5
19. (a) 9.47 cm
(b) 88
19. Angular magnification of the eye-piece for image at 25 cm
25 25
=  1  11, ue  cm = 2.27 cm; v0 = 7.2 cm
2.5 11
Separation = 9.47 cm; Magnifying power = 88

1.22
20. Since,  =
a
1.22  555  10 9
 = rad
0.25
-6
 = 2.7  10 rad.
21. A, B, C
Use L = f0 + fe and M = f0 /fe (numerically). The image is obviously inverted. However, objective of larger
aperture cannot reduce the chromatic aberration.
22. C
1  1 1
 1.5  1   
f  30 30 
 f1 = 30 cm
1 1 1 4 1
P = P1 + P2 + P3 =   = 
30 30 15 30 Fm
 Fm = 7.5 cm
1 1 2 1 1 2
      v =  20/3
v 60 15 v 60 15
23. B

24. C
1 5  2
 1  2
20  4  R

25. A
1 2  2  1  2  3   2  23
  
F R1 R2 R3
26. B

1 1 1
  ...(i)
f f2 f2
1 1  1 1   1 1  1 2
Now,    ' v  'r        2v   2r   2  1  = 
fv fR R
 1 R 2 
R
 1 R 2  f1 f2
This must be zero for achromatic combination
 
i.e., 1  2 = 0 ...(ii)
f1 f2
Solving (i) and (ii)
  
f1   1  1  f
 2 

  
f2   1  2  f
 1 
27. (C)
28. (C)
29. C
30. B, D

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