EXPERIMENT 4: OP-AMP

OBJECTIVES

To investigate some application circuits involving an operational amplifier.

INSTRUMENTS & COMPONENTS

Instruments: Oscilloscope, Signal Function Generator, DC Power Supply

Resistors: 91  (x1), 1.5 k (x1), 2 k (x1), 10 k (x2), 20 k (x1), 100 k (x2)
Capacitors: 4.7 nF (x1)
Op-Amp: A 741 (x1)

INTRODUCTION

One of the early applications of operational amplifiers was to build circuits that performed
mathematical operations. Indeed, the operational amplifier (op-amp) takes its name from this
important application. The op-amp is a very high gain amplifier with inverting and non-inverting
inputs, high input impedance and low output impedance. A commonly used op-amp is A741
operation amplifier shown below:

If the Op-Amp is biased to +15 V and -15 V, then

The output voltage v0  v sat  14 V

The output current i0  i sat  2 mA
dv0 (t )
The slew rate  SR = 500,000 V/s.
dt

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PROCEDURE

In the op-amp circuit diagrams, the pins connecting to the dc power supplies are normally not
shown.

Note: Switch off Power Supply before modifying circuits between experiments.

Part 1 Inverting Scaling Amplifier

vin
R1 Rf
-
Rf
vout   vin
CRO1 + R1
CRO2

For the op-amp, connect +15 V to pin 7 and -15 V to pin 4 using 2 power supplies with a common
ground, pins 1, 5 and 8 no connection.
(a) Connect the inverting amplifier circuit, with R1 = 20 k and Rf = 100 k. Use a common
ground. Measure the resistors, R1 = ….... k and R2 = …..k.
(b) Apply vin sine wave, 1 kHz, peak amplitude 1.5 V. Signal generator should be grounded.
(c) Connect vin to oscilloscope channel 1 and vout to oscilloscope channel 2. Sketch the input
and output waveforms, noting the phase inversion.
(d) Calculate Rf/R1 = ……... Measure vout peak amplitude = ….…… V

Part 2 Non-inverting Scaling Amplifier

vin +
 Rf 
vout  1  vin
-
 R1 
Rf

CRO1 R1 CRO2

For the op-amp, connect +15 V to pin 7 and -15 V to pin 4 using 2 power supplies with a common
ground, pins 1, 5 and 8 no connection.
(a) Connect the non-inverting amplifier circuit, with R1 = 20 k and Rf = 100 k. Use a
common ground.
(b) Apply vin sine wave, 1 kHz, peak amplitude 1.5 V. Signal generator should be grounded.
(c) Connect vin to oscilloscope channel 1 and vout to oscilloscope channel 2. Sketch the input
and output waveforms, noting the same phase.
(d) Calculate (1 + Rf/R1) = …..…. Measure vout amplitude = ………. V

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Part 3 Buffer amplifier (unity gain voltage follower)

vin
vout  vin
+
CRO2
CRO1

For the op-amp, connect +15 V to pin 7 and -15 V to pin 4 using 2 power supplies with a common
ground, pins 1, 5 and 8 no connection.
(a) Connect the buffer amplifier circuit as shown. Use a common ground.
(b) Apply vin sine wave, 1 kHz, peak amplitude 1.5 V. Signal generator should be grounded.
(c) Connect vin to oscilloscope channel 1 and vout to oscilloscope channel 2. Sketch the input
and output waveforms.
(d) Measure vout amplitude = …………. V
(e) Illustrate the purpose of the buffer amplifier.

Part 4 Integrator Amplifier

vin
R1 Cf
1
-
vout   vin
jR1C f
CRO1 +
CRO2

For the op-amp, connect +15 V to pin 7 and -15 V to pin 4 using 2 power supplies with a common
ground, pins 1, 5 and 8 no connection.
(a) Connect the circuit, with R1 = 1.5 kandCf = 4.7 nF. Use a common ground.
(b) Apply vin square wave, 1 kHz, amplitude 1.5 V to the input. Signal generator should be
grounded. Use dc offset to make sure no dc voltage in vin (optional).
(c) Connect vin to oscilloscope channel 1 and vout to oscilloscope channel 2. Sketch the input
and output waveforms.
(d) Repeat for vin sine wave, and cosine wave.

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Part 5 Difference Amplifier

v1
R1 Rf
91  -
Rf
~
2 k + vout   v2  v1 
R1
v2
R1 Rf

For the op-amp, connect +15 V to pin 7 and -15 V to pin 4 using 2 power supplies with a common
ground, pins 1, 5 and 8 no connection.
(a) Connect the amplifier circuit, with R1 = 10 k and Rf = 100 k. Use a common ground.
(b) Apply input voltage sine waves, 1 kHz, amplitude 1.5 V to the input. Make sure amplitude
of v1 = 1.5 V. Signal generator should be grounded.
(c) Connect vin to oscilloscope channel 1 and vout to oscilloscope channel 2. Calculate vout
amplitude = ………..V. Measure vout = ……… V
(d) Repeat (b) and (c) for v2 = 1.5 V.

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