Introduction

Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

The Okubic Projective Plane

Daniele Corradetti

19 Setembro, 2022

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

Contents

1 Introduction

2 Preliminaries

3 The Octonionic Plane

4 The Okubic Plane

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

references

Corradetti D. & Zucconi F., A Geometrical Interpretation of Okubo Spin

Group, J. Geom. Phys 2022, 104641.
Corradetti D., Marrani A. & Zucconi F., A Deformation of the Okubic Albert
Algebra and its Relation to the Okubic Affine and Projective Planes
arXiv:2208.03967.
Corradetti D., Marrani A., Chester D. & Aschheim R, Octonionic Planes
and Real Forms of G2 , F4 and E6 , Geom. Integr. Quantization 23 (2022).
Corradetti D., Marrani A., Chester D. & Aschheim R., Conjugation Matters.
Bioctonionic Veronese Vectors and Cayley-Rosenfeld Planes, Int. J. Geom.
Methods Mod. (2022).
Corradetti D., Marrani A., Chester D. & Aschheim R., A Magic Approach to
Rosenelfd Planes (to appear).

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

the big picture

Let K be a Hurwitz division algebras, i.e. K ∈ {R, C, H, O}.

The projective plane on a Hurwitz division algebra KP 2 enjoys four
equivalent descriptions:

Veronese vectors ⇐⇒ Completion of Affine

⇕ KP 2 ⇕
Coset Manifold ⇐⇒ Jordan Algebra J3 (K)

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

the big picture

Let K be a Hurwitz division algebras, i.e. K ∈ {R, C, H, O}.

The projective plane on a Hurwitz division algebra KP 2 enjoys four
equivalent descriptions:

Veronese vectors ⇐⇒ Completion of Affine

⇕ KP 2 ⇕
Coset Manifold ⇐⇒ Jordan Algebra J3 (K)

Question: Does this picture hold for the real Okubo algebra? To what
extent?
Corradetti D., Zucconi F. J. Geom. Phys. (2022).
Corradetti D., Marrani A. & Zucconi F. arXiv:2208.03967.

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

the big picture

(Spinoff )
Do equivalent definitions hold for all unital composition algebras?
Corradetti D., Marrani A., Chester D. & Aschheim R Geom.
Integr. Quantization 23 (2022) 1–18

Do they hold for rank-2 tensorial products of Hurwitz algebras, i.e. all
Rosenfeld planes?
Corradetti D., Marrani A., Chester D. & Aschheim R., Int. J.
Geom. Methods Mod. 19 (2022) 09
Corradetti D., Marrani A., Chester D. & Aschheim R., A Novel
Approach to Rosenfeld Planes.

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

Algebra

An algebra is a vector space A over a field (we will assume R) with a

bilinear multiplication. Given x, y , z ∈ A, an algebra is
commutative if xy = yx,
associative if x (yz) = (xy ) z,
alternative if x (yy ) = (xy ) y ,
flexible if x (yx) = (xy ) x and
power-associative if x (xx) = (xx) x.

Remark:

associative ⇒ alternative ⇒ flexible ⇒ power-associative.

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

Preliminaries

A is division algebra if xy = 0 then x = 0 or y = 0.

if it exists an element 1 ∈ X such that 1x = x1 = x for all x ∈ X
then the algebra is unital.
if we can define norm, such that

n (xy ) = n (x) n (y ) ,

for every x, y ∈ A, then the algebra is called a composition

algebra with the norm n.

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

Hurwitz algebras

Unital composition algebras are called Hurwitz algebras

(4 division and 3 split)

Algebra Ord. Comm. Ass. Alter. Flex.

R Yes Yes Yes Yes Yes
C, Cs No Yes Yes Yes Yes
H,Hs No No Yes Yes Yes
O,Os No No No Yes Yes

Remark: Hurwitz Theorem states that these are the only 7 unital
composition algebras.

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

The Cayley-Dickson construction

Let A be a ∗−algebra, i.e. with a conjugation ∗ anti-homomorphism

and involution
∗
a∗∗ = a, (ab) = b∗ a∗ ,
for all a, b ∈ A. Then we define A′ with elements (a, b) ∈ A × A, and
product
(a, b) · (c, d) = (ac − d ∗ b, da + bc ∗ ) ,
and with a new conjugation given by

(a, b) = (a∗ , −b)

Is again a ∗−algebra. Iteration of the process from the real algebra R

yields to four division Hurwitz algebras, i.e.

R → C → H → O.

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

Symmetric Composition Algebras

There are non-unital composition algebras. E.g. From any Hurwitz

algebra K consider the product

x ◦ y = x · y,

that, again, is composition in respect to the norm, i.e.

n (x ◦ y ) = n (x) n (y ).
The algebra (K, ◦, n) is called para-Hurwitz.
Remark: 1 ◦ x = x ◦ 1 = x thus para-Hurwitz algebras are not unital,
but they are flexible.
When an algebra is flexible and composition is called symmetric
composition and satisfies

x ◦ (y ◦ x) = (x ◦ y ) ◦ x = n (x) y .

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

Symmetric Composition Algebras

A similar approach was already explored by Petersson (1969) who

used an homomorphism of order three τ defining

x ∗ y = τ (x) · τ 2 (y ) ,

starting from split Octonions Os and discovering an algebra that is a

symmetric composition algebra, i.e.

n (x ∗ y ) = n (x) n (y ) ,
x ∗ (y ∗ x) = (x ∗ y ) ∗ x = n (x) y ,

which was later identified as the Okubo algebra.

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

Octonions

Octonions are the Hurwitz division algebra of real dimension 8.

The algebra of Octonions O is:
unital,
composition,
division,
non associative,
alternative.

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

Octonions
7
P
Let {e0 , ..., e7 } be a base of O Octonions, i.e. x = x0 e0 + xk ek then
k=1
the multiplication table is given by

Remark: Historically e isCorradetti

Daniele noted by 1.The Okubic Projective Plane
 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

Octonions

7
P
The conjugation is given by x = x0 − xk ek ,
k=1
2
the norm is ∥x∥ = xx = x02 + x12 + x22 + x32 + x42 + x52 + x62 + x72 ,
2 2 2
the inner product ⟨x, y ⟩ = ∥x + y ∥ − ∥x∥ − ∥y ∥ = y x + xy .
Octonions are a composition algebra, i.e. ∥xy ∥ = ∥x∥ ∥y ∥.

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

The Octonionic Projective Plane

Problem:
A standard definition of the projective plane KP 2 over the algebra
K ∈ {R, C, H} is given by

KP 2 = K3 ∖ {0} / ∼,

where x ∼ y iff λx = y , for every λ ∈ K× , x, y ∈ K3 .

But in case of O if λ, µ ∈ O then (λµ) x ̸= λ (µx) so the relation
x ∼ y = λx, is not transitive, i.e. y ∼ z = µy does not imply x ∼ z
since
z = µy = µ (λx) ̸= (λµ) x.

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

Veronese Vectors and the Projective Plane

Let V ∼ = O3 × R3 be a real vector space, with elements

(xν ; λν )ν = (x1 , x2 , x3 ; λ1 , λ2 , λ3 ) where xν ∈ O, λν ∈ R and ν = 1, 2, 3.
A vector w ∈ V is called Veronese if

λ1 x 1 = x2 x3 , λ2 x 2 = x3 x1 , λ3 x 3 = x1 x2 ,

2 2 2
∥x1 ∥ = λ2 λ3 , ∥x2 ∥ = λ3 λ1 , ∥x3 ∥ = λ1 λ2 .

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

Veronese Vectors and the Projective Plane

Let H ⊂ V be the subset of Veronese vectors. If w = (xν ; λν )ν is a

Veronese vector then for every µ ∈ R then also µw = µ (xν ; λν )ν is
also µw = µ (xν ; λν )ν is. We define the projective plane as the set

OP 2 = {Rw : w ∈ H ∖ {0}} .
We choose, as representative of the class, the vector
v = (yν ; λν )ν ∈ Rw such that λ1 + λ2 + λ3 = 1.

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

The Exceptional Jordan Algebra

The exceptional Jordan algebra J3 (O) is the algebra over Hermitian

three by three octonionic matrices with the Jordan product
1
X ◦Y = (XY + YX ) .
2
We have
X ◦ Y = Y ◦ X and the Jordan identity
X 2 ◦ Y ◦ X = X 2 ◦ (Y ◦ X ) .

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

The Exceptional Jordan Algebra

We also define
the bilinear form (X , Y ) = 12 tr(X ◦ Y ),
the quadratic form Q (X ) = 21 tr X 2 ,

the Freudenthal product

1 1
X ∗Y = X ◦Y − (X tr(Y ) + Y tr(X ))+ (tr(X )tr(Y ) − tr(X ◦ Y )) I3 ,
4 4
1
the symmetric trilinear form (X , Y , Z ) = 3 (X , Y ∗ Z ),
1
the determinant det (X ) = 3 (X , X , X ) .

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

Veronese Vectors and J3 (O)

Correspondence between OP 2 and J3 (O) is realised by

 
λ1 x3 x2
(xν ; λν )ν ←→  x 3 λ2 x1  .
x2 x 1 λ3

Remark: Veronese conditions imply det (X ) = 0 and

λ21 + λ1 λ2 + λ1 λ3
 
(λ1 + λ2 + λ3 ) x3 (λ1 + λ2 + λ3 ) x2
2
X = λ22 + λ1 λ2 + λ2 λ3

(λ1 + λ2 + λ3 ) x3 (λ1 + λ2 + λ3 ) x1

 .
 
(λ1 + λ2 + λ3 ) x2 (λ1 + λ2 + λ3 ) x1 λ23 + λ1 λ3 + λ2 λ3

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

Veronese Vectors and J3 (O)

Therefore setting λ1 + λ2 + λ3 = Tr (X ) = 1 we have a bijective

correspondence between points of the Projective plane OP 2 and
rank-1 idempotent elements of J3 (O), i.e.

OP 2 ∼
= X ∈ J3 (O) , X 2 = X , det (X ) = 0, tr (X ) = 1 .


(Jordan, Wigner & Von Neumann 1934).

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

Okubo Algebra

The (real) Okubo Algebra O, discovered by Okubo (1978), is the set

of three by three Hermitian traceless matrices over the complex
numbers C with the following product
1
x ∗ y = µ · xy + µ · yx − Tr (xy ) ,
3
√
where µ = 16 3 + i 3 and the juxtaposition is the ordinary

associative product between matrices. O is:

non-unital,
non-associative
non-alternative.
flexible algebra, i.e. x ∗ (y ∗ x) = (x ∗ y ) ∗ x.

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

Okubo Algebra

Okubo algebra has idempotents, i.e. e ∗ e = e, such as

 
2 0 0
e =  0 −1 0  .
0 0 −1

Remark: From now on e will be this idempotent, but all results are
indipendent from a specific choice.

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

Okubo Algebra

A base is given by {e, i1 , ..., i7 } where

     
0 1 0 0 −i 0 1 0 0
i1 =  1 0 0  , i2 =  i 0 0  , i3 =  0 −1 0  ,
0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0
     
0 0 1 0 0 −i 0 0 0
i4 =  0 0 0  , i5 =  0 0 0  , i6 =  0 0 1  ,
1 0 0 i 0 0 0 1 0
 
0 0 0
i7 =  0 0 −i  .
0 i 0

Remark: The algebra O has real dimension 8.

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

Okubo Algebra

We define the norm as

1
Tr x 2 .


n (x) =
6
Remark: With the norm n is a composition algebra. Okubo algebra
is flexible and composition and therefore is a symmetric composition
algebra therefore enjoying the notable relation

x ∗ (y ∗ x) = (x ∗ y ) ∗ x = n (x) y .

Remark: from the norm we can define the inner product

⟨x, y ⟩ = n (x + y ) − n (x) − n (y ) .

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

Okubo Algebra

Theorem
The Okubo Algebra is a division algebra.

Corollary
Any equation of the kind a ∗ x = b, or x ∗ a = b, has a unique
solution which is respectively given by
1 1
x= b ∗ a, or x = a ∗ b.
n (a) n (a)

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

from Okubo to Octonions

Octonions O can be obtained as a deformation from the Okubo

algebra O through the use of the new product

x · y = (e ∗ x) ∗ (y ∗ e) ,

where x, y ∈ O and e is an idempotent of O.

Proof. Since e ∗ e = e and n (e) = 1, for every x ∈ O the element e
acts as a left and right identity, i.e.

x · e = (e ∗ x) ∗ e = n (e) x = x,
e · x = e ∗ (x ∗ e) = n (e) x = x,
n (x · y ) = n ((e ∗ x) ∗ (y ∗ e)) = n (x) n (y ) ,

which means that (O, ·, n) is a unital composition algebra of real

dimension 8 and therefore isomorphic to the algebra of Octonions O.

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

The Okubic Affine Plane

We define the Okubic affine plane as the set of points, lines and
incidence rules defined by
A point is identified by two coordinates (x, y ) with x, y ∈ O,
a line [s, t] of the affine plane is the set {(x, s ∗ x + t) : x ∈ O} ,
a vertical line is identified by [c] and denotes the set {c} × O,

A point (x, y ) is incident to a line [s, t] iff (x, y ) ∈ [s, t].

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

The Okubic Affine Plane

for any two points (x1 , y1 ) and (x2 , y2 ) there is a unique line
joining, namely [s, y1 − s ∗ x1 ], where s is determined by

s ∗ (x1 − x2 ) = (y1 − y2 ) ,

when x1 ̸= x2 and to the line [x1 ] when x1 = x2 .

Two lines [s1 , t1 ] and [s2 , t2 ] of different slope, i.e. s1 ̸= s2 , have a
unique point of intersection {(x, s1 ∗ x + t1 )}
Two lines with the same slope are disjoint and therefore are
called parallel.
For each line [s, t] and each point (x, y ) there is a unique line
which passes through (x, y ) and is parallel to [s, t], i.e.
[s, y − s ∗ x].

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

The Okubic Affine Plane

To achieve a completion A2 (O) of the affine plane, we add another

set of coordinates:
the end point at infinity (s) of a line with slope s ∈ O ∪ {∞},
a line at infinity [∞], i.e. [∞] = {(s) : s ∈ O ∪ {∞}} ,
and the point at infinity (∞) of the line [∞].

Remark: The whole affine plane is encompassed by a triangle

△ = {(0, 0) , (0) , (∞)} .

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

The Okubic Affine Plane

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

the Okubic Projective Plane

Let V ∼ = O3 × R3 be a real vector space, with elements

(xν ; λν )ν = (x1 , x2 , x3 ; λ1 , λ2 , λ3 ) where xν ∈ O, λν ∈ R and ν = 1, 2, 3.
A vector w ∈ V is called Veronese if

λ1 x1 = x2 x3 , λ2 x2 = x3 x1 , λ3 x3 = x1 x2 ,

2 2 2
∥x1 ∥ = λ2 λ3 , ∥x2 ∥ = λ3 λ1 , ∥x3 ∥ = λ1 λ2 .

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

Veronese Vectors and the Projective Plane

Let H ⊂ V be the subset of Veronese vectors.

If w = (xν ; λν )ν is a Veronese then also µw = µ (xν ; λν )ν is Veronese.
We define the projective plane over Okubo algebra as the set

OP 2 = {Rw : w ∈ H ∖ {0}} .
We choose, as representative of the class, the vector
v = (yν ; λν )ν ∈ Rw such that λ1 + λ2 + λ3 = 1.

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

Veronese Vectors and the Projective Plane

The norm n allows the definition of a symmetric bilinear form

X3
β (v , w ) = (⟨xν , yν ⟩ + λν ην ) .
ν=1

where v = (xν ; λν )ν and w = (yν ; ην )ν are Veronese vectors in H ⊂ V .

We define the lines ℓw in the projective plane P2 O as the orthogonal
spaces of a vector w ∈ H, i.e.

ℓw = w ⊥ = {z ∈ V : β (z, w ) = 0} ,

Remark: a point Rv is incident to the line ℓw when Rv ⊆w ⊥ .

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

Correspondence with the Affine Plane.

The identification of the affine Okubic plane with the projective is
given by

(x, y ) 7→ R (x, y , x ∗ y ; n (y ) , n (x) , 1) ,

(x) 7→ R (0, 0, x; n (x) , 1, 0) ,
(∞) 7→ R (0, 0, 0; 1, 0, 0) .

⊥
[s, t] 7→ (t ∗ s, −t, −s; 1, n (s) , n (t)) ,
⊥
[c] 7→ (−c, 0, 0; 0, 1, n (c)) ,
⊥
[∞] 7→ (0, 0, 0; 0, 0, 1) .

Remark: The image of a point (x, y ) incident to a line [s, t] goes into
a point of the projective plane that is incident to the projective line
image of [s, t].
Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane
 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

Deformation of the Okubic Albert Algebra

Let be Aq (K) the vector space K3 ⊕ R3 equipped with the following

commutative product

λ1 +λ2
+ µ1 +µ
 
2 y0 2 x0 + q (x1 ∗ y2 + y1 ∗ x2 )
2

λ0 +λ2 µ0 +µ2

 2 y1 + 2 x1 + q (x2 ∗ y0 + y2 ∗ x0 ) 

 λ0 +λ1
2 y2 + µ0 +µ
2 x2 + q (x0 ∗ y1 + y0 ∗ x1 )
1 
(xν ; λν ) ◦ (yη ; µη ) =  

 λ0 µ0 + ⟨x1 , y1 ⟩ + ⟨x2 , y2 ⟩ 

 λ1 µ1 + ⟨x0 , y0 ⟩ + ⟨x2 , y2 ⟩ 
λ2 µ2 + ⟨x0 , y0 ⟩ + ⟨x1 , y1 ⟩

Remark: In the case K ∈ {R, C, H, O} and q = 1 then Aq (K) ∼

= J3 (K)
cfr. (Elduque 2008).
We are interested in A1/2 (O) which is unital, commutative and
flexible but neither alternative nor Jordan.

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

Deformation of the Okubic Albert Algebra

We then define the trace of an element as

Tr ((xν ; λν )) = λ0 + λ1 + λ2 ,

the quadratic norm or simply the norm of an element, i.e.

∥(xν ; λν )∥ = 2n (x0 ) + 2n (x1 ) + 2n (x2 ) + λ20 + λ21 + λ22 ,

the inner product is then given by

⟨(xν ; λν ) , (yν ; µν )⟩ = ∥(xν + yν ; λν + µν )∥ − ∥(xν ; λν )∥ − ∥(yν ; µν )∥ .

Finally, we introduce the cubic norm N of an element, i.e.

N ((xν ; λν )) =λ0 λ1 λ2 − (λ0 n (x0 ) + λ1 n (x1 ) + λ2 n (x2 )) +

+ 2 ⟨(x0 ∗ e) ∗ (x1 ∗ x2 ) , e⟩ .

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

Correspondence with the Okubic Albert

Algebra

Impose trace-1 elements Tr ((xν ; λν )) = 1. If we consider idempotent,

i.e. (xν ; λν ) ◦ (xν ; λν ) = (xν ; λν ),we have
   
(1 − λ0 ) x0 + x1 ∗ x2 x0
 (1 − λ1 ) x1 + x2 ∗ x0   x1 
   
 (1 − λ2 ) x2 + x0 ∗ x1   x2 
 λ0 λ0 + n (x1 ) + n (x2 )  = 
   ,
   λ0 

 λ1 λ1 + n (x0 ) + n (x2 )   λ1 
λ2 λ2 + n (x0 ) + n (x1 ) λ2

which is true iff Okubic Veronese conditions are valid.

There is a one to one correspondence between Veronese vectors and

trace-1 idempotent elements of the algebra A1/2 (O) .

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

Correspondence with the Okubic Albert

Algebra

There is a one to one correspondence between Veronese vectors and

trace-1 idempotent elements of the algebra A1/2 (O) . Remark: while

A1/2 (O) is not a Jordan algebra, the restriction on the idempotent

elements do satisfy the Jordan identity. This is a subproduct of the
flexibility of the algebra.

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane

 Introduction
Preliminaries
The Octonionic Plane
The Okubic Plane

Further Developments

Collineations (J. Geom. Phys 2022),

Automorphisms of the Algebra A1/2 (O) (arXiv:2208.03967),
Hyperbolic plane,
Complex Okubo and Split Okubo Algebras,
Differential Geometry part.

Daniele Corradetti The Okubic Projective Plane