A TECHNICAL REPORT

ON

STUDENT’S INDUSTRIAL WORK EXPERIENCE SCHEME(SIWES)

SUBMITTED TO THE FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OTUOKE BAYELSA STATE.

IN PARTIAL FULFILMENT OF THE REQUIREMENTS FOR THE AWARD OF

THE DEGREEOF BACHELOR OF ENGINEERING

IN THE

DEPARTMENT OF ELECTRICAL/ELECTRONIC ENGINEERING,

FACULTY OF ENGINEERING.
 BY

DANIEL IBIBO

AT

MINISTRY OF WORKS, FEDERAL UNIVERSITY OTUOKE, BAYELSA STATE.

From APRIL 1 TO SEPTEMBER 31, 2024.

 CERTIFICATION.

I, DANIEL IBIBO, a student of the Department of Electrical/Electronic

Engineering, Federal University Otuoke, BAYELSA state with
Matriculation number FUO/19/EEE/10272 hereby certify that this
Industrial training report was compiled by me in accordance to the
requirements of the Students’ Industrial Work Experience Scheme
(SIWES) as a summary of my experience during the period of my training
(April 1, 2024 – September 1, 2024) at Ministry of works, federal
university otuoke.

DANIEL IBIBO. 10/18/2024

ENGR. SUNNY
(Industry-based supervisor)
 DEDICATION

This project is dedicated to my Parents (MR. and MRS IBIBO) for their
unwavering support and everyone out there contributing to the growth
and development of Nigerian students
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I would especially like to thank [Supervisor's Name], my supervisor, for

all of their help, encouragement, and direction during the program. My
comprehension of [particular field or issue] has been greatly enhanced
by their knowledge and ideas.

My gratitude also goes out to my coworkers and other trainees, whose

friendship and cooperation added to the experience's enjoyment and
educational value. In order to accomplish our goals, cooperation and
knowledge exchange were essential.

Last but not least, I want to express my gratitude to

[Company/Organization Name]'s management and employees for
integrating me into their team and creating a supportive environment
for my development.

I am eager to use the abilities and knowledge I have acquired in my

future undertakings because this training has been a crucial part of my
academic and professional path.
 ABSTRACT

This report describes my full experience during the Student Industrial

Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) at [Company/Organization Name],
conducted from [start date] to [end date]. This training's main goal was
to combine the theoretical concepts I've studied in school with real-
world applications in the workplace, which will ultimately improve my
comprehension of the [certain field/industry].
I had the chance to work on a number of noteworthy initiatives during
the program, such as [explain major projects or tasks in detail]. I was
given [certain duties or contributions] in these positions, which gave me
the opportunity to apply important ideas in [list pertinent abilities or
technologies]. This hands-on experience was essential to expanding my
understanding of [certain tools, processes, or industry standards] and
improving my technical competence.

This report describes my full experience during the Student Industrial

Work Experience Scheme (SIWES) at [Company/Organization Name],
conducted from [start date] to [end date]. This training's main goal was
to combine the theoretical concepts I've studied in school with real-
world applications in the workplace, which will ultimately improve my
comprehension of the [certain field/industry].
I had the chance to work on a number of noteworthy initiatives during
the program, such as [explain major projects or tasks in detail]. I was
given [certain duties or contributions] in these positions, which gave me
the opportunity to apply important ideas in [list pertinent abilities or
technologies]. This hands-on experience was essential to expanding my
understanding of [certain tools, processes, or industry standards] and
improving my technical competence.
 TABLE OF CONTENTS

TITLE PAGE ……………….……………………….…………….…………………….

i. CERTIFICATION………………….…………………………………………………....
ii. DEDICATION ………………………………………………………................
iii. ACKNOWLEDGEMENT ………….……….……………………….………
iv. ABSTRACT ………………………………….……………………….……..................
v.TABLE OF CONTENTS …………………….…………………………………

CHAPTER ONE: INTRODUCTION TO THE SIWES

1.1 PROGRAM…………………….………………………
1.2 ORGANIZATION AND OPERATION OF SIWES ……………………............
1.3 AIMS AND OBJECTIVES OF SIWES ……………………………….…............

CHAPTER TWO: INTERNSHIP EXPERIENCE

2.1 SIWES Workplace ……………………….……….……………
2.2 company's department...……….……….…………….…….......
2.3 Working Place…………………...................
2.4

CHAPTER THREE : Problems encountered

CHALLENGES FACED DURING INTERNSHIP …………….……….…………

CHAPTER FOUR : CONCLUSION

5.1 …………….……….………………...……………………………
5.2 RECOMMENDATIONS……….……………………………………………
5.3 REFERENCES ….……….……………………………...…………………………………
 CHAPTER ONE

Introduction

Student industrial training is a training program that is included in the

academic requirements for all Nigerian tertiary institutions' degree
programs. It aims to close the gap that currently exists in Nigerian
tertiary institutions between professional education programs and
technology.
1.1 SIWES' MEANING
The skills training program known as the Student Industrial Work
Experience Scheme (SIWES) is a component of the recognized minimum
academic level for all tertiary institutions in Nigeria's degree programs. It
It is the difference between the theory and the practical components of
professional educational programs in Nigerian tertiary institutions, such
as engineering and science and technology

1.2 PURPOSE OF SIWES

The goal of the student industrial work experience program (SIWES) is to

provide every graduate of a university or other educational institution
with a practical understanding of the knowledge they have acquired. As
a result, each student must fulfil the criteria in order to continue with
their academic endeavours.

1.3 SIWES's Aims And Objectives

i.. To give university students a way to gain practical experience and
industrial skills while pursuing their studies
ii. To get pupils ready for the kind of jobs they'll probably get following
graduation
iii. To familiarize students with work practices and methods for
operating machinery and equipment
that the university or institute might not have.
iv. Give students a chance to put their knowledge of bridging the gap
between higher education and real-world application to use.
v. Facilitate students' transfer from academia to the workplace and
increase their chances of finding employment following graduation
vi. Involve employers more deeply in the entire educational process to
better prepare university graduates for careers in industry.
ORGANIZATIONAL PROFILE
De Blessed Electrical/Electronic Engineering Company, it’s mission is to
provide innovative electrical and electronic solutions that enhance
efficiency, safety, and sustainability in various industries.

Vision

To be a leading multi-disciplinary engineering firm known for our

expertise in electrical, solar, pipeline construction, and drilling activities.,
driving progress through innovative practices and technologies.

Services Offered

· Electrical Installation and Maintenance

 · Residential and commercial wiring

 Electrical panel upgrades
 Circuit installation and maintenance

· Energy Solutions

 · Solar energy systems installation

 Energy audits and efficiency consulting
 Backup power solutions

· Repair and Troubleshooting

 · Diagnostic services for electrical issues

 Electronic device repairs
 Preventative maintenance programs

Branches; Bayelsa, Portharcout, Lagos States.

 CHAPTER TWO

ACTIVITIES CARRIEDOUT DURING SIWES

Electrical Wiring
Electrical wiring involves the system of conductors and components
used to distribute electricity in a building or structure .
During wiring the following techniques or wiring schemes are applied:
1. Conduit Wiring System
2.Battens Wiring System
3. Casing Capping Wiring System
4. The Clear Wire System

Conduit Wiring System

Conduit wiring refers to a wiring system where all wires or cables are
routed through PVC or iron pipes, from supply to load
There are two other categories into which conduit wiring can be divided:

(i). Wiring for Surface Conduits

(ii). Wiring for concealed conduits

The purpose of running wires through the pipes is to protect them from
unfavourable effects of weather, mechanical failure, fire hazards, and
atmospheric influences.

Conduit Types
Based on its structural design, the conduit wiring system uses the two
types of conduits listed below.

1. Metal Wire

2. Conduit That Is Not Metallic

Types and Quantity of Conduit Wires Used

Conduit wiring is typically made of PVC and VRI wires, which are
appropriate for low- to medium-voltage grades. Tough rubber-sheathed
PVC cables are employed anywhere there is a high risk of dampness,
humidity, external shocks, and contusion. It is not advisable to utilize
 flexible wires in conduits due to the possibility of damaging or even
disintegrating the insulation during the wiring process.

Decimal English
25 cm (1”) 20 cm (3/4”) 15 cm (3/8”)
System System
16 10 6 1 / 1.13 1 / .044
13 8 5 3 / 1.38 3 / .029
10 6 4 3 / 1.78 3 / .036
10 6 4 7 / 0.85 7 / .029
7 4 3 7 / 1.00 7 / .036
5 3 2 7 / 1.04 7 / .044

When placing wires into a conduit, it's important to keep in mind that
they could be pulled out of the conduit with ease. Additionally, they are
easily movable in the event that repairs are necessary. Recall that the
total diameter of wires that need to be placed inside pipes shouldn't be
greater than 40% of the diameter of the inside pipe.

Conduit wiring benefits

Conduit wiring is the only wiring system that is thought to be the most
popular despite being costly because it is resistant to rusting, fire, and
mechanical shocks. It is also free from chemicals and weather conditions
and is aesthetically pleasing, long-lasting, and safest. These benefits
make it widely used in the following locations:

(i) Locations with excessive levels of dust and dirt, such as textile mills,
sawmills, wheat mills, etc., or places where cotton wool work is done.
(ii) Wet locations and spaces, such as cold storage facilities.

Workshops, etc. (iii).

(iv). Any location where there is a continuous risk of a fire breaking out,
such as ammunition businesses, oil mills, and varnish factories.
(v). Locations, such as record rooms and courts, where significant
records are kept.

(vi) Common residential and public structures, where aesthetics is the

primary concern

(vii). In big homes, bungalows, shops, and other establishments.

(viii). in theaters, train terminals, medical facilities, etc.

CONDUIT WIRING INSTALLATION PROCESS

Installing the wires requires four stages.

Step 1: Installing the electrical conduits in the slab is step one.

Step 2: Installing the wall-mounted electrical conduits

Step 3: Installing Back Boxes for Switch Boards

Step 4: Distribution Board Installation

Step-1: Laying of Electrical Conduits in Slab

1. PVC conduits should have slab conduits that are 25 mm in size and 2
mm thick for residential wiring. Install the slab conduits in between the
reinforcing at the top and bottom.
2. In slabs, only use deep junction boxes. Use the binding wire to
securely bind the PVC conduits.
3. Adhering to the color-coding system for data and electrical conduits,
such as LAN and phone cable, would be excellent. Use black PVC pipes
for electrical lines, grey PVC pipes for data, and PVC solvent to assemble
accessories.
4. Carefully inspect the wall drops to ascertain the thickness of the
concrete.
5. Verify the conducting in accordance with the service drawings to
determine the locations of the switchboards and the number of points
that must be installed at each location.
6. Exercise extra caution with the slab

Step-2: Laying of Electrical Conduits in Wall

1. Install the hidden conduit work after the masonry walls are
constructed, but before the plastering process begins.

2. Finish the chase work after the brickwork has had time to cure. Keep a
7-day break between the two activities, ideally.
3. Use wall cutters exclusively to chase the walls to prevent harm to
them.
4. To guarantee correct routing and wiring, secure the electrical conduits
using the authorized clamps.

5. After fixing the conduits, boxes, and accessories, cover the chiseled
surface with cement mortar and encircle the conduits with chick mesh.

Step-3: Installation of Switch Boards Back Boxes

1. Adjust the hidden switchboard level according to the architect's

design, taking into account factors such height and distance from the
finished floor level (FFL).
2. Verify that there is a consistent distance between the hidden
switchboards. Ensure consistency in all aspects across all installations.
3. The switchboards ought to be prefabricated, modular metal boxes of
the authorized manufacturer. Place the hidden box 3 mm below from
the plastered surface.
4. Complete the wall conduiting while completing the box fixing before
starting the plastering process. While the plastering is being done, fill the
boxes with thermocol.

Step-4: Installation of Distribution Boards

1. Before beginning the plastering, conceal the distribution board.

2. Level the brickwork recess and install the DB box in the correct line.
3. Adjust the amount of conduits entering the distribution box to ensure
the box is ready in accordance with the design.
4. Only install the PVC pipes through the designated entrance holes.
2.

Safety Measures

A. Safety Protocols

 Personal Protective Equipment (PPE): List required safety gear

(gloves, goggles, etc.).
 Lockout/Tagout Procedures: Implement procedures to ensure
safety during installation.

B. Testing
  System Testing: After installation, test all circuits for functionality
and safety.
 Load Testing: Verify that the system can handle the calculated
loads without tripping breakers.

Safety Measures for Surface Conduit Wiring

1. The quantity and size of conduit should be chosen such that, once the
wires are inserted, a suitable amount of room remains.
2. Conduit fittings should always be mounted on walls in accordance
with the weight of the conduit.
3. Dowel pins or plugs are positioned a suitable distance apart based on
the pipe's weight and size.
4.An earth wire of the proper size should also be run across pipes and
combined with conduits to ground them at acceptable distances.
Furthermore, every distribution board, junction box, and iron-clad
switch should be appropriately earthed.
5. Gas and water lines should be kept apart from conduits.
It is recommended to bend metal conduit by heating it with a yellow
bulb.

CHAPTER THREE
 CHALLENGES AND DIFFICULTIES ENCOUNTER D DURING SIWES
PROGRAM

It could be challenging to adjust to the dynamics and culture of the job,

particularly in hierarchical settings.
3. It might be intimidating to communicate effectively with professionals
in the business, especially for students who are unfamiliar with the
setting.
4. Stress and burnout might result from taking on too many
responsibilities at once.
Majority of internship students aren’t being paid. Some firms, despite
being financially stable find it very difficult to pay their interns. Certain
companies go as far as charging the internship students certain fees

SOLUTIONS
If you're feeling overburdened, talk to your supervisor about how to
prioritize your tasks.
Seek out mentors and show that you are eager to learn; take the
initiative to establish business contacts.
Learn to say no when it comes to taking on more work.

CONCLUSION

In conclusion, my SIWES training has been an incredibly rewarding

experience that has significantly enhanced my understanding of the
industry and its practices. This opportunity allowed me to apply
theoretical knowledge in practical settings, bridging the gap between
classroom learning and real-world application.

Throughout my training, I developed essential skills in problem-solving,

teamwork, and effective communication, all of which are crucial for
success in any professional environment. Engaging with experienced
professionals provided me with valuable insights and perspectives that
have deepened my appreciation for the complexities of the field.

Working alongside experienced professionals allowed me to understand

the intricacies of electrical wiring, including circuit design, load
calculations, and the importance of adhering to industry standards and
regulations. I learned the critical role that proper wiring plays in the
overall functionality and safety of electrical installations, which
deepened my appreciation for precision and attention to detail in this
field

I now understand the critical role that conduit systems play in protecting
electrical conductors and ensuring the reliability of electrical
infrastructure.

I am thankful for the guidance and mentorship provided during this

period, which has greatly contributed to my professional growth. As I
move forward in my career, I am excited to apply the insights and skills I
have gained in conduit electrical wiring, and I look forward to further
exploring the broader field of electrical engineering.

References

· Copper Development Association (CDA). (2020). Copper Wire and

Cable. Retrieved from CDA Website

· · U.S. Consumer Product Safety Commission (CPSC). (2020). Electrical

Wiring Hazards. Retrieved from CPSC Website

· · M. K. M. & Schmid, M. (2018). "Best Practices for Electrical Wiring in

Residential Installations." Journal of Electrical Engineering and
Technology, 13(1), 345-356. doi:10.1007/s42835-018-0005-9

· National Electrical Code (NEC). (2020). NFPA 70: National Electrical

Code. National Fire Protection Association. Retrieved from NFPA Website

· · U.S. Department of Energy (DOE). (2021). Electrical Wiring Practices

and Safety. Retrieved from DOE Website

· · Electrical Safety Foundation International (ESFI). (2020). Guide to

Electrical Wiring and Safety. Retrieved from ESFI Website