A PROJECT ON

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDYON M30 GRADE SELF CURING

CONCRETE BY USING POLYETHYLENE GLYCOL (400) AND
FLYASH
A Project report submitted

in partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree of

BACHELOR OF TECHNOLOGY
IN
CIVIL ENGINEERING

By

A. PRAVALLIKA 21U45A0117

D. SRI VIDYA 21U45A0112

K. TEJA 21U45A0101

P. JANA KUMAR 21U45A0110

Under the Esteemed Guidance of

MR.O. SURESH

(B.TECH, M.TECH, P.H.D)

(Associate Professor)

Department of Civil Engineering

DADI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING& TECHNOLOGY

(An Autonomous Institute)
Approved by AICTE & Permanently Affiliated to JNTU GV and Inclusion u/s 2(f) & 12(8) of UGC Act
NH-16, Anakapalle -531002, Visakhapatnam, A.P. www.diet.edu.in

2020 - 2024
 DADI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
(An Autonomous Institute)
Approved by AICTE & Permanently Affiliated to JNTU GV and Inclusion u/s 2(f) & 12(8) of UGC
Act
NH-16, Anakapalle -531002, Visakhapatnam, A.P. www.diet.edu.in

DEPARTMENT OF CIVIL ENGINEERING

CERTIFICATE

This is to certify that this is entitled "AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY

ON M30 GRADE SELF CURING CONCRETE BY USING POLY ETHYLENE GLYCOL (400)
AND FLYASH "is a bonafide record of the work done by "a. Pravallika(21u45a0117), d. Srividya,
(21u45a0112)k. Teja (21u45a0101), p. Jana Kumar(21u45a0110) in partial fulfillment of the
requirement for the award of the degree of Bachelor of Technology in the department of Civil
Engineering, Dadi Institute of Engineering & Technology,Anakapalle,Visakhapatnam.

The results embodied in this project report have not been submitted to any other University or Institute for
the award of any Degree.

Project Guide

Head of the Department

Mr. .O.SURESH A.DEVIPRASAD

(Associate Professor) (Professor and Head of Department)

Department of Civil Engineering, Department of Civil Engineering,
Dadi Institute of Engineering & Technology Dadi Institute of Engineering & Technology
 EXTERNAL EXAMINER

DISSERTATION APPROVAL SHEET

This is to certify that the dissertation titled

AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON M30 GRADE SELF CURING CONCRETE BY

USING POLY ETHYLENE GLYCOL (400) AND FLY ASH

By

A PRAVALLIKA 21U45A0117

D. SRIVIDYA 21U45A0112

K. TEJA 21U45A0101

P. JANA KUMAR 21U45A0110

Is approved for the degree of Bachelor of Technology

Mr. O. SURESH

Internal Examiner

External Examiner
Date :
DECLARATION

This is to certify that this project titled "AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ON M30 GRADE SELF
CURING CONCRETE BY USING POLY ETHYLENE GLLYCOL(400) AND FLYASH "is
bonafide work done by my team, in Partial fulfillment of the requirements for the award of the degree
B.Tech and submitted to the Department of Civil Engineering, Dadi Institute of Engineering &
Technology,Anakapalle,Visakhapatnam.

I also declare that this project is a result of my own effort and that has not been copied from anyone and I
have taken only citations from the sources which are mentioned in the references.

This work was not submitted earlier at any other University or Institute for the award of any degree.

Name

A.PRAVALLIKA (21U45A0117)

D. SRIVIDYA (21U45A0112)

K. TEJA (21U45A0101)

P. JANA KUMAR (21U45A0110)

Place: Anakapalle

Date:
 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

we would like to express our sincere gratitude to the project guide,Mr. O. SURESH(Associate Professor)
DADI INSTITUTE OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY for providing his invaluable guidance,
comments and suggestions throughout the course of the project. We would specially thank him for
constantly motivating us to work harder and letting things happen at the earliest times. The blessing, help
and guidance given by him time to time shall carry us a long way in the journey of life on which we are
about to embark.

Also we would like to thank our esteemed faculty members, for their assistance and valuable support in
AN EXPERIMENTAL STUDY ONM30 GRADE SELF CURING CONCRETE BY USING POLY
ETHYLENE GLYCOL (400), FLYASH.

We would also like to thank our HOD Sir, A.Deviprasad for his support and giving us some suggestions
during the study of project and its implementation.

REGARDS,

A. Pravallika (21U45A0117)
 ABSTRACT
World production mainly depends upon the water only in an daily basis or construction, and moreover
the quality of the construction project is very essential now a days. Periodically works are carried out in
place where there is scarcity of water is more in our country and the application of water curing is not
possible for a reasons of economy. And here there is advanced option to the concrete can cure it’s self
by adding some of the agents internally to the concrete ; i.e. “poly ethylene glycol” 400 is mainly used to
reduce the self desiccation and improve the mechanical characteristics and it retains the internal water
for proper hydration of cement in concrete as compared to conventional concrete. And here using other
material is fly ash is used to improve the strength when compared with conventional concrete.

In the self curing concrete the cement is partially replaced with fly ash . here ordinary Portland
cement is replaced withs 15%,20%,25%,30% of fly-ash.

Keywords : self-curing, polyethylene glycol (400), fly ash,

CONTENTS
 CERTIFICATE …………………………………………………………

DECLARATION ………………………………………………………..

ACKNOWLEDGEMENTS ………………………………………………

ABSTRACT ………………………………………………………………..

CONTENTS ………………………………………………………………….

LIST OF FIGURES …………………………………………………………

LIST OF GRAPHS ………………………………………………………….

NOTATIONS…………………………………………………………………..

INTRODUCTION …………………………………………………………. 01

2. LITERATURE REVIEW…………………………………………………………..

2.1 Literature survey …………………………………………………………………..

3. METHODOLOGY ……………………………………………………………………

3.1 Collection of materials ……………………………………………………

3.1.1 Ordinary Portland cement …………………………………………..

3.2 tests on ordinary Portland cement ……………………………………………….

3.2.2 Laboratory testing ……………………………………………………

3.2.2.1 fineness test of cement ………………………………………….
3.2.2.2 specific gravity test ……………………………………………..
3.2.2.3 Initial setting time of cement …………………………………..
3.2.2.4 final setting time of cement …………………………………….
3.2.2.5 consistency of cement ……………………………………………
3.3 fine aggregate…………………………………………………………………….

3.3.1 Tests on fine aggregate ………………………………………………

3.3.1.1 Specific gravity of fine aggregate …………………………………
3.3.1.2 Fineness modulus of fine aggregate ……………………………….
3.4 Coarse aggregate …………………………………………………………………

3.4.1 Tests on coarse aggregate …………………………………………..

3.4.1.1 Specific gravity of coarse aggregate …………………………..
3.4.1.2 Water absorption test on coarse aggregate ………………………
3.5 Poly ethylene glycol ………………………………………………..

3.5.1 Types of glycols available ………………………………………

3.6 Self curing concrete …………………………………………………………

3.6.1 Advantages ……………………………………………………….

3.6.2 Disadvantages ……………………………………………….
3.6.3 Applications ………………………………………………..

3.7 Mix design …………………………………………………………

3.7.1 Mixing of conventional concrete ……………………………….

3.7.2 Curing of samples ………………………………………………
3.7.3 Replacing of cement with fly ash …………………………….
3.7.4 Mixing of Poly ethylene glycol(400) ………………………..
3.7.5 Compressive strength test on poly ethylene glycol (400) concrete cubes
4. RESULTS AND DISCUSSION ……………………………………………….
4.1 Test results of cement …………………………………………………..
4.1.1 Specific gravity test …………………………………………………..
4.1.2 Initial setting time test ………………………………………………
4.1.3 Final setting time test ………………………………………………………..
 4.1.4 Consistency test ………………………………………………………………
4.1.5 Fineness test …………………………………………………………………

4.2 Test results of fine aggregate ……………………………………………………..

4.2.1 Specific gravity test ……………………………………………….
4.2.2 Fineness modulus test ……………………………………………
4.3.3 water absorption test …………………………………………….
4.3 Test results of coarse aggregate ………………………………………………….
4.3.1 Specific gravity test ……………………………………………
4.3.2 Water absorption test …………………………………………..

4.4 Test results on cement concrete cubes ……………………………………………..

4.4.1 Compressive strength test on conventional concrete cubes

4.4.2 compressive strength test on self curing concrete cubes

5. CONCLUSION ……………………………………………………………………

6. REFERENCES …………………………………………………………………….

7. APPENDIX ……………………………………………………………………….

LIST OF FIGURES
LIST OF TABLES
Table no. Description Page No.
List of Graphs
 NOTATIONS

S.No Units Description

1. w/c Water to cement ratio

2. Mpa Mega pascal

3. Kg/m3 Kilogram per cubic meter

4. N newtons

5. MM millimeter

6. CM Cubic meter

7. gm/cm3 Gram per cubic

centimeter

8. Mm/sec Millimeter per second

9. M3 Cubic meter

10. OPC Ordinary Portland

cement
CHAPTER – 1
INTRODUCTION
CHAPTER – 1
INTRODUCTION
 CHAPTER 3
METHODOLOGY

3.1 COLLECTION OF MATERIALS :

In this project, we collected the following materials for

preparing the self curing concrete

1. Ordinary Portland cement

2. Fine aggregate
3. Coarse aggregate
4. Fly ash
5. Poly ethylene glycol(400)

3.1.1 Ordinary Portland cement

Ordinary Portland cement (opc) is by far the most important type of cement. All
the discussions that we have done in the coming chapters related to opc. Prior to
1987, there was only one grade4 of opc which was governed by is 269-1976. After
1987 higher grade cements were introduced in i9ndia. The opc was classified into
three grades , namely 33 grade , 43 grade and 53 grade depending upon the
strength of the cement at 28 days when tested as per Is 4031-1988. If the 28 days
strength is not less than 33N/MM2, it is called 33 grade cement, if the strength is
not less than 43N/MM2,andf if the strength is not less than 53N/MM2,it is called 53
grade cement, but the actual strength obtained by these cements at the factory are
much higher than the BIS specifications.

Ordinary Portland cement is produced by grinding clinker, which is made by

heating a mixture of limestone and other materials to a high temperature (about
1450°C) and then grinding it into a fine powder. Gypsum is often added during the
grinding process to control the setting time of the cement.

Composition:
Main components: Limestone, clay, iron ore, and gypsum.
Predominantly composed of calcium silicates and aluminates.
Manufacturing Process:
Raw Material Preparation: Limestone and clay are crushed and ground into fine
powder.
Clinker Production: The powdered mix is heated in a rotary kiln at high
temperatures (up to 1450°C), forming nodules called clinker.
Clinker Grinding: The clinker is ground with a small amount of gypsum to produce
the fine powder known as cement.
Properties:
Strength: OPC typically achieves high compressive strength.
Setting Time: Initial setting time is around 30 minutes, and final setting time is
about 10 hours.
Color: Usually gray, but variations are available.
Cost: Relatively affordable compared to other cement types.
Durability: Provides good durability in most environments.
Applications:
General Construction: Used in various construction applications like
buildings, bridges, roads, and infrastructure projects.
Mortar and Concrete: Forms the binder in mortar and concrete mixes.
Precast Concrete: Suitable for precast elements due to its fast setting time and high
strength.
Limitations:
Heat Generation: Produces significant heat during curing, which can be a concern
in mass concrete applications.
Environmental Impact: Manufacturing process emits CO2, contributing to carbon
footprint.
Standards:
Governed by international standards such as ASTM C150 and EN 197.
Storage:
Should be stored in a dry place to prevent moisture absorption, which can affect its
quality.
Sustainability:Efforts are being made to reduce the carbon footprint of cement
production through innovations like alternative fuels and materials, and carbon
capture technologies.
Conclusion:
Ordinary Portland cement is a versatile and widely used construction material
known for its strength, durability, and affordability. However, efforts towards
sustainability and reducing environmental impact are ongoing in the cement
industry.

3.2 TEST ON ORDINARY P[ORTLAND CEMENT

3.2.1 FIELD TESTING : It is sufficient to subject the cement to field tests when
it is used for minor works. The following are the field tests:

1. Open the bag and take a good look at the cement. There should not be any
visible lumps. The color of the cement should normally be greenish grey.
2. Thrust your hand into the cement bag. It must give you a cool feeling.
There should be any lump inside.
3. Take a pinch of cement and feel – between the fingers. It should give a
smooth and not a gritty feeling.
4. Take a handful of cement and throw it on a basket full of water, the particles
should float for some time before they sink.

Take about 100 grams of cement and a small quantity of water and make a
stiff paste. From the stick paste , pat a cake with sharp edges. Put it on a
glass plate and slowly take it under water in a basket . see that the shape of
the cake is not disturbed while taking it down to the bottom of the basket.
After 24 hours the cake should retain its original shape and at the same time
it should also set and attain some strength.
If a sample of cement satisfies the above field tests it may be concluded
that the cement is not bad. the above tests do not really indicate that the
cement is really good for important works. for using cement in important
and major works it is incumbent on the part of the user to test the cement in
the laboratory to confirm the requirements of the Indian standards
specifications with respect to its physical and chemical properties.

3.2.2 Laboratory testing

 Fineness test
 setting time test
 strength test
 soundness test
 Heat of hydration test
 chemical composition test
3.2.2 FINENESS TEST OF CEMENT