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AUTOMATIC WATER DISPENSER USING ARDUINO

Article · January 2021

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AUTOMATIC WATER DISPENSER

USING ARDUINO
1
Kona Kavya, 2Kavaysree Akunuru,3 Bethi Pravalika,4 Bommera Shiva Krishna
5
Mr. K. RadhaKrishna
1
Student,2Student3Student,4Student
5
Assistant Professor
1,2,3,4,5
Electronics and Communication Engineering,
1,2,3,4,5
Balaji Institute Of Technology and Science, Warangal, India
__________________________________________________________________________________
______________________

Abstract: About 71% of earth is covered with water but sadly only 2.5% of it is used for
drinking purpose, the reason for this is with rise in population, pollution and climate change,
humans waste a lot of water due to our negligence. In this project the automatic water
dispenser is been proposed using sensors. For a automatic water dispenser we used Arduino
Uno and ultrasonic sensor. Here the manual taps are replaced with a smart taps that opens
and closes on its own automatically due to this saving of water is achieved which is a biggest
challenge nowadays. This technique changes the lifestyle of the public since they don’t need
to operate the tap manually through their hands. In this project not only saves the water
provide faster, easier, and cost-effective management.

__________________________________________________________________________________________
______________

I. Introduction
This project titled automatic water dispenser is a modern approach to the conventional
water dispenser that we use in our daily life. In this system we use a proximity switch which is
connected to a relay which controls the water solenoid which acts as a valve to control the
water flow to the tap. The water dispensers that we use in our daily life are mechanically
operated. The water flows through the tap when we press the concerned button and the water
flow stops once we release the button. This button system is prone to water loss and wear and
tear of the button and therefore the dispenser requires a constant maintenance. We can make
the dispenser handy and user friendly by giving it an electronic touch. We can make use of the
sensor technology and make machine far advanced than its counterparts. We can make use of
a IR Sensor or Ultrasonic Sensor or a proximity switch. If we use IR sensor then there are
possibilities of false switching on the machine.

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2. HARDWARE USED
2.1 Arduino UNO
This microcontroller is based on the ATmega328P. There are total of 20 pins (0-19) out
of which 6 are analog inputs,14 are digital input output pins(6 pins provide PWM voltage)
which can also be used as general purpose pins, a ceramic resonator of frequency 16 MHz, an
USB connection, a power jack and a reset button. It has an operating voltage of 5V. It contains
everything needed to support a microcontroller.

Fig-1:Arduino Uno
2.2 LCD
Liquid Crystal Display, which we are using in our project is16*2 LCD. This display consists
of 16 columns and 2 rows. This is programmed using the library <LiquidCrystal.h>

Fig-2:16*2 LCD
2.3 Relay
A relay is an electrical switch that opens and closes under the control of another electrical
circuit. A relay is able to control an output circuit of higher power than the input
circuit.Relays are usuallly SPDT (single pole double through switch) or DPDT (double pole
double through switch).

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Fig -3: Relay

2.4 HC-SR04 Ultrasonic Sensor
HC-SR04 Ultrasonic (US) sensor is a 4 pin module, whose pin names are Vcc, Trigger, Echo
and Ground respectively. The Ultrasonic transmitter transmits an ultrasonic wave, this wave
travels in air and when it gets objected by any material it gets reflected back toward the sensor
this reflected wave is observed by the Ultrasonic receiver module.

Fig-4: HC-SR04 Ultrasonic sensor

3. METHODOLOGY

3.1 CIRCUIT DIAGRAM AND EXPLANATION

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Fig-5: Circuit Diagram

4 data pins of LCD are connected to 4 digital input/output pins of Arduino.
➢ D7 of LCD connected to 7th pin of Arduino
➢ D6 of LCD connected to 6th pin of Arduino
➢ D5 of LCD connected to 5th pin of Arduino
➢ D4 of LCD connected to 4th pin of Arduino
RS of LCD connected to 2nd pin ofArduino and E(enable) of LCD connected to 3rd pin of
Arduino
Echo and Trigger pins of Ultrasonic sensor are connected to 12th and 11th pin of Arduino
Buzzer connected to 9th pin of Arduino
NO pin of Relay connected to Water pump
IN pin of Relay connected to 8th pin of Arduino.

3.2 WORKING
In this projects Ultrasonic sensor acts as a input device and water pump acts a load or output
device, here we are using relay to control the load and we are using a LCD display as data
monitor unit.Here the automatic process is works by detecting ultrasonic sensor . Ultrasonic
sensor continuously measure the distance ,in our program we need to fix the threshold distance,
when ever the distance limits the threshold distance sensor is detected .So whenever the sensor
distance reaches its threshold limits arduino send a control signal to the Relay module to trigger
the water pump .that means when the distance is at threshold limits Relay the ON the water
motor and if the distance is above the threshold limits Relay module OFF the water pump.And
also here we are creating a fault condition to stop the extra wastage of water by detecting the
water leakage due to any system failure condition.

4.RESULTS

Fig 6: Kit Arrangement

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Fig -7: Final Setup

The above figure shows automatic dispensing of water.

5. ADVANTAGES
• Fully automation

• Contact less, water control

• Reduce the water wastage

• Reduce the health diseases by contacts

6. FUTURE SCOPE
We can integrate this machine to the existing water purifiers and thereby we can eliminate the
water spillage and this technique is far more hygenic as it eliminates the touch from the process.
This method can be implemented in the public water podium stands which are maintained by
the government. The automatic water dispenser can be made more remotely using sensors.

7. CONCLUSION
This study presented the design phase of Water Dispensers using Arduino and ultrasonic
sensors. The requirement analysis and the system design details have been conducted in depth
for the better understanding of the project. From the above analysis we can conclude that the
entire system can be built with low cost, reliable instruments there by providing an efficient
Water Dispensers. We have seen how effectively we can use this system to make minimum
wastage of water.

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8. REFERENCES
[1] S. M. Metev and V. P. Veiko, Laser Assisted Microtechnology,2nd ed., R. M. Osgood, Jr.,
Ed. Berlin, Germany: Springer-Verlag,1998.
[2] S. Zhang, C. Zhu, J. K. O. Sin, and P. K. T. Mok, “A novelultrathin elevated channel low-
temperature poly-Si TFT,” IEEEElectron Device Lett., vol. 20, pp. 569–571, Nov. 1999.
[3] M. Wegmuller, J. P. von der Weid, P. Oberson, and N. Gisin,“High resolution fiber
distributed measurements with coherent OFDR,”in Proc. ECOC’00, 2000, paper 11.3.4, p. 109.
[4] R. E. Sorace, V. S. Reinhardt, and S. A. Vaughn, “High-speeddigital-to-RF converter,” U.S.
Patent5 668 842, Sep. 16, 1997.
[5] Arduino Microcontroller processing for everyone,Morgan and claypool by steven Barrett.

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