Lakshya JEE Advanced (2025)

ABHEDYA
Salt
alt An
Anal
aly
ysis
Chemistry

Exercise-1 (b) It is not necessary to carried out the chromyl chloride

test in a dry test tube.
SINGLE CORRECT TYPE QUESTIONS (c) Suspension of CdCO3 gives black precipitate with Na2S
solution.
1. Which of the following statement(s) is/are not correct?
(d) In PbNO3, the brown ring test can be performed with
(a) Nickel salts give rosy red precipitate with dimethyl
its water extract.
glyoxime in excess of NH4OH.
6. Which of the following statements is/are correct?
(b) Fe (III) salts give red colour with potassium
(a) A filter paper moistened with cadmium acetate solution
sulphocyanide.
turns yellow, when brought in contact with H2S gas.
(c) In nitroprusside, the iron and NO exist as Fe(III) and
(b) Carbonate ions in the solution give reddish-brown
NO+.
precipitate with mercury(II) chloride.
(d) Mn (II) salts give white precipitate with NaOH which
(c) Sulphites in presence of zinc, reacts with dilute H2SO4
turns brown on adding Br2 water. to liberate SO3 gas.
2. Which of the following anion(s) is difficult to remove from (d) A filter paper moistened with KIO3 and starch turns blue
aqueous solution by precipitation? in contact with SO2 vapours.
(a) Cl– (b) SO42– (c) NO3– (d) CO32– 7. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct with
3. Select the correct statement: respect to bromide ions?
(a) In group III, Fe3+ and Cr3+ can be differentiated by (a) KBr on heating with MnO2 and concentrated H2SO4
increasing NH4+ ion concentration. liberates Br2 and SO2 gases.
(b) In Vth group, Na2CO3 is added to precipitate out only (b) KBr on heating with concentrated H2SO4 liberates Br2
the carbonates of Ba2+, Sr2+ and Ca2+. and SO2 gases.
(c) Like brown ring test, diphenylamine test is given only (c) KBr forms HBr with concentrated H3PO4.
by salts containing NO3–.
(d) KBr(s) liberates Br2 on gentle warming with concentrated
(d) Sodium chloride on heating with aqueous solution of H2SO4 and K2Cr2O7(s).
K2Cr2O7 and concentrated H2SO4 produces deep red
8. A hydrated compound (A) is greenish crystalline salt, which
vapours.
gave the following reactions;
4. An aq. solution of an inorganic compound (X) shows the (i) Addition of BaCl2 solution to the solution of (A) results
following reactions: in the formation of a white ppt. (B) which is insoluble
(i) It decolorizes an acidified KMnO4 solution in dil. HCl.
accompanied with evolution of O2.
(ii) On heating (A), water vapours and two oxides of
(ii) It liberates I2 from acidified KI solution.
sulphur (C) and (D) are liberated leaving a red brown
Identify (X).
residue (E).
(a) H2O2 (b) SO2 (c) CH3COOH (d) NH3
(iii) (E) dissolves in warm conc. HCl to give a yellow
solution (F).
MULTIPLE CORRECT TYPE QUESTIONS
Identify compound (A) and (F):
5. Which of the following statements are incorrect?
(a) A = FeSO3 (b) A = FeSO4.7H2O
(a) In thiourea test for nitrite, a green coloured solution is
obtained. (c) F = BaSO4 (d) F = FeCl3

1
 9. Reddish brown gas is obtained when the following is/are Comprehension (Q. 18 to 20):
treated with conc. H2SO4: HCl Cl2
White compound White ppt. Soluble compound
(a) Br– (b) NO3– (c) F– (d) Ι– (A) (B) Water (C)
10. K2CrO4 is used for identification of following cations: (i) FeSO4
KI
(a) Pb2+ (b) Ba2+ (c) Ag+ (d) Ca2+ (ii) conc H2SO4
11. Which of the following statements is/are correct for chromyl Excess ppt.
Brown ring Soluble compound
chloride test? (F) (D)
of KI

(a) Formation of chromyl chloride vapour.

+
(Used for detecting NH4 ions)
(b) Liberation of chlorine gas. 18. Compound (A) is:
(c) Formation of lead chromate. (a) HgI2 (b) K2[HgI4]
(d) Formation of reddish-brown vapour.
(c) Hg(NO3)2 (d) Hg2(NO3)2
COMPREHENSION BASED QUESTIONS 19. (D) + (NH4)2SO4 → brown ppt. (G). Hence, compound
Comprehension (Q. 12 to 14): Read the following passage (G) in basic medium is:
carefully and answer the questions. (a) HgI2 (b) NH4I
When compound (A) is treated with conc. H2SO4, a reddish brown (c) HgO.Hg(NH2)I (d) Hg(NH2)I
colour gas (B) is evolved. To this solution, a solution of (C) is 20. White ppt. (B) + NH3 → Black ppt. (H). Hence, (H) is in
added slowly from the side of the test tube, a blue ring is obtained basic medium due to the formation of:
at the junction of two layers due to formation of (D). (a) Hg(NH2)CI (b) Hg
12. Gas (B) may be: (c) Hg(NH2)Cl + Hg (d) Hg(NH2)2
(a) Cl2 (b) Br2 (c) I2 (d) NO2 21. How many unpaired e are present in complex (F)?
–

13. Compound (D) has formula: (a) 1 (b) 2 (c) 3 (d) 4

(a) C6H5NH–C6H5 (b) (C6H5)2N–N(C6H5)2 MATCH THE COLUMN TYPE QUESTIONS
(c) C6H5–NH–NH–C6H5 (d) C6H5—NH—N—C6H5 22.
Column-I (Colour) Column-II (Ppt.)
O
A. Co2+ and Ni2+ p. Group-II
14. Which compound gives same test as compound (A)?
B. Al3+ and Cr3+ q. Group-I
(a) NaCl (b) NaBr
C. Ag+ and Hg22+ r. Group-III
(c) Na2CrO4 (d) Na2S D. Cu2+ and Cd2+ s. Group-V
Comprehension (Q. 15 to 17): E. Ca2+ and Sr2+ t. Group-IV
(i) A black mineral (A) on treatment with dilute sodium (a) A → t ; B → r; C → q ; D → p ; E → s
cyanide solution in presence of air gives a clear solution (b) A → t ; B → r; C → q; D → s; E → p
of (B) and (C). (c) A→r;B→q;C→s;D→t;E→p
(ii) The solution of (B) on reaction with zinc gives a (d) A→q;B→s;C→t;D→r;E→q
precipitate of metal (D).
23. Match column-I with column-II and select the correct answer
(iii) (D) is dissolved in dil. HNO3 and the resulting solution
using the codes given below the lists:
gives a white precipitate (E) with dil. HCl.
(iv) (E) on fusion with sodium carbonate gives element (D). Column-I (Colour) Column-II (Ppt.)
15. Identify (A): A. White turbidity p. IO3– + SO2 + starch →
(a) Ag2S (b) Na[Ag(CN)2] B. Rotten egg smell q. SO2 + MnO4– →
(c) Na2SO4 (d) Ag C. Colourless solution r. Zn + NaOH + SO2 →
16. Identify (B): D. Blue colour s. CO2 + Ca(OH)2 →
(a) Ag2S (b) AgCl (a) A → r ; B → s; C → q ; D → p
(c) Na2SO4 (d) Na[Ag(CN)2] (b) A → p ; B → r; C → q; D → s
17. Identify (D): (c) A→r;B→q;C→s;D→p
(a) Na2SO4 (b) Ag (d) A → s; B → r; C → q; D → p
(c) AgCl (d) [Ag(NH3)2]Cl

2
INTEGER TYPE QUESTIONS 29. How many of the following reactions result in the formation
of colored precipitate (not white)?
24. A metal salt gives anion (X) with MnO 2 and this (X) (a) HgCl2 + SnCl2 (excess) →
gives the deep blue colouration with starch solution. Find
(b) HgCl2 + KI (excess) →
number of lone pairs on central atom in (X).
(c) Pb(NO3)2 + KCl →
25. How many of the following will volatilize on heating leaving
no solid residue? H3C CH3

—
(d) Ni2+ + C—C + NH4OH →
NaNO3, NH4NO3, Ca(H2PO2)2, NH4HCO3, N2H5HSO3, AlCl3,
HO—N N—OH
[Cu(NH3)4]SO4, FeSO4.7H2O Pb 2+
→ B → ?
aq.
(e) K2Cr2O7 + conc.H2SO4 + Cl2 → A
26. Na2S + Na2 [Fe(CN)5NO] → ‘‘A’’ (Violet Colour) NaOH

In Complex (A), number of type of ambidentate ligand is (f) K2CrO4 + Hg22+ →
(a) and number of d-orbital involved in hybridisation is (b) (g) Cu2+ + I– →
Then find value of 7a + 8b:
(h) Cd2+ + CN– →
27. How many of the following compound have less intensity
30. How many of the following ions are soluble in H2S/acidic
of colour with respect to AgI? medium?
AgCl, AgBr, Cu2I2, Cu2Cl2, PbCl2, PbCO3, Ag2CO3, PbS Cd2+, Hg2+, Pb2+, Cu2+, As3+, Mn2+, Zn2+, Ni2+, Co2+, Ba2+, Al3+,
28. In how many of the following cases solubility of salt is Fe3+, Cr3+, Ca2+
greater in acidic solution than in pure water?
AgCl, AgCN, MnS,
Zn(OH)2, Ag3PO4, AgNO2,
Al(OH)3, CH3COOAg, BaSO3

3
 Exercise-2
ONLY ONE OPTION CORRECT TYPE QUESTION 6. In the borax bead test of Co2+, the blue colour of bead
1. In the scheme given below, X and Y, respectively, is due to the formation of
are (a) B2O3 (b) Co3B2
aq. NaOH (c) Co(BO2)2 (d) CoO
Metal halide ⎯⎯⎯⎯→ White precipitate (P) +
Filtrate (Q)
aq. H 2SO4 7. Mixture of two salts are not soluble in water but
PbO2 ( excess )
P ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯ → X (a coloured species in solution) soluble dilute HCl solution. Mixture can be
heat
(a) AgNO3 and KBr
Conc. H SO
Q ⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯⎯
2
warm
4 → Y (gives blue-colouration with
(b) BaCO3 and ZnS
KI-starch paper) (c) FeCl3 and CaCO3
(a) CrO42– and Br2 (b) MnO42– and Cl2 (d) Mn(NO3)2 and MgSO4
(c) MnO4–and Cl2 (d) MnSO4 and HOCl
ONE OR MORE THAN ONE CORRECT TYPE
2. The reaction of Pb(NO3)2 and NaCl in water QUESTION
produces a precipitate that dissolves upon the 8. CO 32 and HCO 3 can be distinguished by
addition of HCl of appropriate concentration. The (a) Phenolphthalein (b) MgCl2 solution
dissolution of the precipitate is due to the formation (c) HgCl2 solution (d) KCl solution
of
(a) PbCl2 (b) PbCl4 9. Which of the following aqueous solution of cation(s)
(c) [PbCl4]2– (d) [PbCl6]2– give(s) while ppt. with NaOH and NH4OH solution
and formed ppt. is/are further completely dissolved
3. Unknown salt ‘A’ + K2Cr2O7 + conc. H2SO4 → in one of the excess reagent.
Reddish brown fumes. Which is the correct statement (a) Cd2+ (b) Cr3+
2+
regarding the above observation. (c) Sn (d) Bi3+
(a) It confirms the presence of Cl– ion
(b) It confirms the presence of Br– ion 10. Cu2+ and Cd2+ can be distinguished by which of the
(c) It confirms the presence of both following reagent(s).
(d) It neither confirms Cl– nor Br– unless it is passed (a) KCN
through NaOH solution (b) KI (excess)
(c) H2S in dil. HCl medium
4. A pale green crystalline inorganic salt (A) dissolves (d) K4[Fe(CN)6]
freely in water. It gives a brown precipitate on
addition of aqueous NaOH. The solution of (A) also 11. Salt A water soluble gives pink colour with
gives a black precipitate on bubbling H2S in alkaline phenolphthalein and salt B will not give pink colour
medium. An aqueous solution of the (A) decolorizes with phenolphthalein but both salts give colourless or
the pink colour of the permanganate solution. The odourless gas (X) on heating, gas (X) gives white
metal in the salt solution is turbidity with Baryta water which disappear on
(a) Copper (b) Aluminium passing excess of gas (X). Salts A and B are
(c) Lead (d) Iron (a) CO 32 (b) HCO 3

5. Three samples of the same salts are taken separately. (c) HSO 3 (d) SO 32
Excess of NH4OH gives white precipitate with first
sample. Second sample gives white precipitate with 12. Al2(SO4)3 + NH4OH → X
NaCl. Third sample gives black precipitate when H2S Select the correct statement(s) about compound X
gas is passed through the solution. Possible salt is (a) X is a white coloured compound
(a) AgNO3 (b) Pb(NO3)2 (b) X is insoluble in excess of NH4OH
(c) Hg(NO3)2 (d) MnSO4 (c) X is soluble in NaOH
(d) X cannot be used as an antacid

4
INTEGER TYPE QUESTION 17. Match the following:
13. In the detecting of nitrogen ion a brown complex is List-I List-II
(Colour of residue) (Composition of
formed in form of a brown ring formed at the junction
bead)
of the two liquids. This brown complex contains how A Green residue P NaCo·PO4
many unpaired electrons. B Pink residue Q CoO·MgO
C Blue residue when R CoO·ZnO
14. How many of the following reaction will give green PO34 and BO33 are
colour in the product? absent
D Blue residue when Al is S CoO.Al2O3
(i) Na(NH4)·HPO4·4H2O NaPO3
absent
CoO
Product (a) I→R; II→Q; III→S; IV→P
(b) I→Q; II→S; III→P; IV→R
(ii) Na(NH4)·HPO4·4H2O NaPO3
(c) I→Q; II→R; III→P; IV→S
Cr2O3
Product (d) I→P; II→S; III→Q; IV→R
(iii) CoO + ZnO → Product
(iv) CoO + MgO → Product

15. Find the number of compounds which have yellow

colour ppt. from the given compounds:
PbCl2, Hg2Cl2, [Ag(NH3)2]Cl, SnCl2, HgI2, PbS

Match the column type (14-15)

16. Match the following:
List-I List-II
I HgCl2(aq.) + limited P Reddish
amount of KI (aq.) brown ppt.
II HgCl2(aq.) + excess of Q Dark red ppt.
KI (aq.)
III KI (excess) + KOH (aq.) R Grey ppt.
+ NH 4 (aq.) + HgCl2
(aq.)
IV HgCl2(aq.) + S Colourless
SnCl2(excess) solution
(a) I→P; II→Q; III→R; IV→S
(b) I→Q; II→S; III→P; IV→R
(c) I→Q; II→R; III→P; IV→S
(d) I→P; II→S; III→Q; IV→R

5
 Exercise-3 (Advanced/Olympiad) PASSAGE-II
Sulphur forms many different compounds with oxygen and halo-
1. A sample of (X) was kept for one year in an open container;
gens (sulphur as the central atom). These compounds are mainly
then old sample of (X) was used after drying. The dried molecular, and many are easily hydrolysed in water.
sample of (X) is divides into two equal parts. To the first
6. A compound, consisting of sulphur (one atom per molecule),
part excess of KI and of 0.01(N)Na2S2O3 is added. To the
oxygen and one or more atoms of the elements F, Cl, Br, and I,
other part excess of KI and CH3COOH has been added and was examined. A small amount of the substance reacted with
the liberated I2 require 19 ml of 0.1(N) Na2S2O3. Which of water. It was completely hydrolyzed without any oxidation
the following statement correctly explain why old sample of or reduction, and all reaction products dissolved. 0.1 M
(X) react differently in the presence of CH3COOH & HCl? solutions of a series of test reagents were added to separate
(a) old sample of (X) lost some amount of chlorine small portions of a diluted solution of the substance.
(b) old sample of (X) has been hydrolysed to some extent
Total how many ions are being tested for in the following
tests?
(c) old sample of (X) has been partially converted to CaCl2
i) Addition of HNO3 and AgNO3.
(d) old sample of (X) has been partially converted to CaCl2 ii) Addition of Ba(NO3)2.
& Ca(ClO3)2. iii) Adjustment to pH = 7 with NH3 and addition of
Ca(NO3)2.
PASSAGE-I 7. Consider the possible reactions in the following tests for the
Compound A which contains metal X is a colourless crystalline given compound and corresponding balanced ionic reactions.
solid and highly soluble in water. It is used as a reagent in analysis Find the sum of smallest integral stoichiometric coefficients
and gives in alkali media a binary compound B containing 6.9 % of all ionic species involved (consider only ions and exclude
spectator ions).
(mass) of oxygen. Under heating, A decomposes with a mass loss
(a) Addition of KMnO 4 to the dilute solution of the
of 36.5 %.
substance followed by Ba(NO3)2 to an acid solution of
2. Determine the metal X the substance.
3. Determine compounds A and B. (b) Addition of Cu(NO3)2 to the dilute solution of the
substance
4. Upon adding some amount of sodium thiosulfate to the 8. In practice, the tests in q. 6 and q. 7 gave the following
solution of A the colour immediately becomes red, then results:
changes to reddish-brown, and after some minutes a dark i) A yellowish precipitate.
brown precipitate C is formed (reaction 1). The solution ii) No precipitate.
over it is colourless. Being heated in air at 600 ºC, C gives
iii) No visible reaction.
a grey powder X (reaction 2), so as 0.90 g of residue can be
(a) The main features were that the characteristic colour of
obtained from 1.10 g of C. A gas evolved by heating C in permanganate disappeared, and a white precipitate was
vacuum (reaction 3) can be absorbed by calcium hydroxide formed upon addition of Ba(NO3)2.
suspension (reaction 4). Being stored for a long time (b) No precipitate.
under saturated solution of barium perchlorate in HClO4 Write the molecular formulas of the possible compounds,
(c = 0.1 mol dm–3), the colour of the precipitate becomes taking the results of these tests into account.
lighter, while the use of magnesium perchlorate does not 9. Finally, a simple quantitative analysis was undertaken: 7.190 g
give such an effect. of the substance was weighed out and dissolved in water to

Identify compound C? give 250.0 cm3 of a solution. To 25.00 cm3 of this solution,
nitric acid and enough AgNO3 was added to secure complete
5. The compound C being stored under the mother liquor precipitation. After washing and drying the precipitate weighed
(containing an excess of A) changes its colour to yellow due 1.452 g. Determine the molecular formula of the compound.
to the transformation into D. If barium ions are added to the 10. Write the equation describing the reaction of the substance
suspension of C in the mother liquor, a mixture of D and of with water. Find the sum of smallest integral stoichiometric
a white precipitate is formed. coefficients of all ionic species involved.

Propose the molecular formula of D, taking into account that
it contains 77.5 mass % of X.

6
 Exercise-4 (PYQ's) 5. Upon treatment with ammoniacal H2S, the metal ion that
precipitates as a sulfide is
QUALITATIVE ANALYSIS OF INORGANIC  C-58.36 W-38.71 UA-2.93 (JEE Adv. 2013)
SALTS (a) Fe (III) (b) Al (III) (c) Mg (II) (d) Zn(II)
Single Correct 6. Passing H2S gas into a mixture of Mn , Ni , Cu and Hg+2
2+ 2+ 2+

1. In the scheme given below, X and Y, respectively, are ions in an acidified aqueous solution precipitates
aq. NaOH  (IIT JEE 2011)
Metal halide  → White precipitate (P) + Filtrate
(a) CuS and HgS (b) MnS and CuS
(Q)
 C-15.75 W-33.61 UA-50.04 (JEE Adv. 2023) (c) MnS and NiS (d) NiS and HgS
aq. H2SO4 7. A solution of a metal ion when treated with KI gives a red
PbO2 (excess)
P  heat → X (a coloured species in solution) precipitate which dissolves in excess KI to give a colorless
MnO(OH)2 ,
solution. Moreover, the solution of metal ions on treatment
Conc. H2SO4 with a solution of cobalt (II) thiocyanate gives rise to a deep
Q 
warm →
Y (gives blue-coloration with KI-starch
blue crystalline precipitate. The metal ion is
paper)
 (IIT JEE 2007)
(a) CrO42– and Br2 (b) MnO42– and Cl2
(a) Pb2+ (b) Hg2+ (c) Cu2+ (d) CO2+
(c) MnO4– and Cl2 (d) MnSO4 and HOCl
8. MgSO4 on reaction with NH4OH and Na2HPO4 forms a white
2. The reaction of Pb(NO3)2 and NaCl in water produces
crystalline precipitate. What is its formula?
a precipitate that dissolves upon the addition of HC1 of
appropriate concentration. The dissolution of the precipitate  (IIT JEE 2006)
is due to the formation of (a) Mg(NH4)PO4 (b) Mg3(PO4)2
 C-38.72 W-29.14 UA-32.14 (JEE Adv. 2022) (c) MgCl2MgSO4 (d) MgSO4
(a) PbCl2 (b) PbCl4 9. CuSO4 decolourises on addition of KCN, the product is
(c) [PbCl4] 2–
(d) [PbCl6] 2– (IIT JEE 2006)
(a) [Cu(CN)]42–
3. A colorless aqueous solution contains nitrates of two metals,
X and Y. When it was added to an aqueous solution of NaCl, (b) Cu2+ get reduced to form [Cu(CN)4]3–
a white precipitate was formed. This precipitate was found (c) Cu(CN)2
to be partly soluble in hot water to give a residue P and a (d) CuCN
solution Q. The residue P was soluble in aq. NH3 and also in
10. A solution when diluted with H2O and boiled, it gives a white
excess sodium thiosulfate. The hot solution Q gave a yellow
precipitate with KI. The metals X and Y, respectively, are precipitate. In addition to excess NH4Cl / NH4OH the volume
 C-42.93 W-22.61 UA-34.46 (JEE Adv. 2020) of precipitate decreases leaving behind a white gelatinous
precipitate. Identify the precipitate which dissolves in
(a) Ag and Pb (b) Ag and Cd
NH4OH / NH4Cl.
(c) Cd and Pb (d) Cd and Zn (IIT JEE 2006)
4. In the following reaction sequence in aqueous solution, the (a) Zn(OH)2 (b) Al(OH)3
species X, Y and Z, respectively, are (c) Mg(OH)2 (d) Ca(OH)2

S2O32 Ag


 X Ag
  Y

with
 time
 Z 11. A metal nitrate reacts with KI to give a black precipitate
which on addition of excess of KI convert into orange color
Clear white black
solution precipitate precipitate

C-50.64 W-27.87 UA-21.48 (JEE Adv. 2016) solution. The cation of metal nitrate is (IIT JEE 2005)
(a) [Ag(S2O3)2]3–, Ag2S2O3, Ag2S (a) Hg2+ (b) Bi3+ (c) Sn2+ (d) Pb2+

(b) [Ag(S2O3)3]5–, Ag3SO3Ag2S 12. (NH4)2Cr2O7 on heating gives a gas which is also given by
(IIT JEE 2004)
(c) [Ag(S2O3)2]3–, Ag2S2O3, Ag
(a) Heating NH4NO2 (b) Heating NH4NO3
(d) [Ag(SO3)3]3–, Ag2SO4, Ag (c) Mg3N2 + H2O (d) Na(comp.) + H2 O2

7
 13. A sodium salt of an unknown anion when treated with MgCl2 20. Which one amongst the following pairs of ions cannot be
gives white precipitate only on boiling. The anion is separated by H2S in dilute HCl? (IIT JEE 1986)
 (IIT JEE 2004) (a) Bi3+, Sn4+ (b) Al3+, Hg2+
(a) SO 2−
4 (b) HCO3− (c) CO32− (d) NO3− (c) Zn2+, Cu2+ (d) Ni2+, Cu2+
14. [X] + H2SO4 → [Y] + a colorless gas with irritating smell 21. The compound insoluble in acetic acid is (IIT JEE 1986)
[Y] + K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 → green solution (a) calcium oxide
[X] and [Y] are (IIT JEE 2003) (b) calcium carbonate
(a) SO , SO22–
3
(b) Cl , HCl
–
(c) calcium oxalate
(c) S , H2S
2–
(d) (CO3) , CO2
2–
(d) calcium hydroxide
15. A gas X is passed through water to form a saturated solution. 22. The ion that cannot be precipitated by both HCl and H2S is
The aqueous solution on treatment with silver nitrate gives
(IIT JEE 1982)
a white precipitate. The saturated aqueous solution also (a) Pb2+ (b) Cu+
dissolves magnesium ribbon with evolution of a colorless (c) Ag+ (d) Sn2+
gas Y. Identify X and Y. (IIT JEE 2002)
(a) X = CO2, Y = Cl2 (b) X = Cl2, Y = CO2 Multiple Correct

(c) X = Cl2, Y = H2 (d) X = H2, Y = Cl2 23. A mixture of two salts is used to prepare a solution S, which
16. An aqueous solution of a substance gives a white precipitate gives the following results:
on treatment with dilute hydrochloric acid, which dissolves  C-3.48 W-36.03 UA-44.1 PC-16.4 (JEE Adv. 2021)
on heating. When hydrogen sulfide is passed through the hot White dil. NaOH(aq) S dil. HCl (aq) White
acidic solution, a black precipitate is obtained. The substance precipitate(s) (aq solution precipitate
only Room of the salts) Room (s) only
is a (IIT JEE 2000) temperature temperature

(a) Hg22+ salt (b) Cr2+ salt The correct option(s) for the salt mixture is(are)
(c) Ag+ salt (d) Pb2+ salt (a) Pb(NO3)2 and Zn(NO3)2
17. In nitroprusside ion the iron and NO exist as Fe (II) and (b) Pb(NO3)2 and Bi(NO3)3
NO+ rather than Fe (III) and NO. These forms can be
differentiated by (c) AgNO3 and Bi(NO3)3

(IIT JEE 1998) (d) Pb(NO3)2 and Hg(NO3)2

(a) estimating the concentration of iron 24. The correct option(s) to distinguish nitrate salts to Mn2+ and
(b) measuring the concentration of CN– Cu2+ taken separately is (are)

(c) measuring the solid state magnetic moment C-11.24 W-43.44 UA-26.27 PC-19.05 (JEE Adv. 2018)
(d) thermally decomposing the compound (a) Mn2+ shows the characteristic green colour in the flame
18. An aqueous solution FeSO4Al2(SO4)3 and chrome alum is test
heated with excess of Na2O2 and filtered. The materials (b) Only Cu2+ shows the formation of precipitate by passing
obtained are H2S in acidic medium
(IIT JEE 1996)
(c) Only Mn2+ shows the formation of precipitate by
(a) a colorless filtrate and a green residue passing H2S in slightly basic medium
(b) a yellow filtrate and a green residue
(d) Cu2+/Cu has higher reduction potential than Mn2+/Mn
(c) a yellow filtrate and a brown residue (measured under similar conditions).
(d) a green filtrate and brown residue
25. The pair(s) of ions where both the ions are precipitated upon
19. The brown ring complex compound is formulated as passing H2S gas in presence of dilute HCl, is (are)
[Fe(H2O)5(NO)+]SO4. The oxidation state of iron is
 (JEE Adv. 2015)
(IIT JEE 1987)
(a) 1 (b) 2 (a) Ba , Zn
2+ 2+
(b) Bi , Fe
3+ 3+

(c) 3 (d) 0 (c) Cu2+, Pb2+ (d) Hg2+, Bi3+

8
26. For the given aqueous reaction which of the statement(s) is Comprehension/Passage Based
(are) true? Passage-I
Excess KI + K3[Fe(CN)6] Dilute H 2 SO 4
The reaction of K3[Fe(CN)6] with freshly prepared FeSO4
Brownish-yellow solution solution produces a dark blue precipitate called Turnbull’s
ZnSO4 blue. Reaction of K4[Fe(CN)6] with the FeSO4 solution in
(White precipitate + Brownish-yellow filtrate) complete absence of air produces a white precipitate X,
Na2S2O3 which turns blue in air. Mixing the FeSO4 solution with
NaNO3, followed by a slow addition of concentrated H2SO4
Colourless Solution
through the side of the test tube produces a brown ring.
C-7.13 W-86.6 UA-6.27 (IIT JEE 2012) 31. Precipitate X is
(a) The first reaction is a redox reaction  C-25.62 W-34.29 UA-40.09 (JEE Adv. 2021)
(b) White precipitate is Zn3 [Fe(CN)6]2 (a) Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3 (b) Fe[Fe(CN)6]
(c) Addition of filtrate to starch solution gives blue color (c) K2Fe[Fe(CN)6] (d) KFe[Fe(CN)6]
(d) White precipitate is soluble in NaOH solution 32. Among the following, the brown ring is due to the formation
27. A solution of colorless salt H on boiling with excess NaOH of
produces a non-flammable gas. The gas evolution ceases  C-35.78 W-37.33 UA-26.89 (JEE Adv. 2021)
after some time. Upon addition of Zn dust to the same (a) [Fe(NO)2(SO4)2]2– (b) [Fe(NO)2(H2O)4]3+
solution, the gas evolution restarts. The colorless salt(s) H (c) [Fe(NO)4(SO4)2] (d) [Fe(NO)(H2O)5]2+
is (are) (IIT JEE 2008) Passage-II
(a) NH4NO3 An aqueous solution of metal ion M1 reacts separately with
(b) NH4NO2 reagents Q and R in excess to give tetrahedral and square
planar complexes, respectively. An aqueous solution of
(c) NH4Cl
another metal ion M2 always forms tetrahedral complexes
(d) (NH4)2SO4 with these reagents. Aqueous solution of M2 on reaction with
28. Which of the following statement(s) is/are correct when a reagent S gives white precipitate which dissolves in excess
mixture of NaCl and K2Cr2O7 is gently warmed with conc. of S. The reactions are summarized in the scheme given
H2SO4? below:
(IIT JEE 1998) Tetrahedral 
Q
excess
 M1 R
excess
 Sqaure Planar
(a) A deep red vapour is evolved Tetrahedral 
Q
excess
 M2 R
excess
 Sqaure Planar
(b) The vapour when passed into NaOH solution gives a S, stoichiometric amount
yellow solution of Na2CrO4
(c) Chlorine gas is evolved White precipitate S
excess
 Precipitate
dissolves
(d) Chromyl chloride is formed
33. M, Q, R respectively are:
29. Which of the following statement(s) is (are) correct with  C-44.77 W-28.1 UA-27.13 (JEE Adv. 2014)
reference to the ferrous and ferric ions? (IIT JEE 1998) (a) Zn2+, KCN and HCl (b) Ni2+, HCl and KCN
(a) Fe gives brown color with potassium ferricyanide
3+
(c) Cd2+, KCN and HCl (d) Co2+, HCl and KCN
(b) Fe gives blue precipitate with potassium ferricyanide
2+
34. Reagent S isC-19.39 W-36.16 UA-44.45 (JEE Adv. 2014)
(c) Fe3+ gives red color with potassium thiocyanate (a) K4[Fe(CN)6] (b) Na2HPO4
(d) Fe2+ gives brown color with ammonium thiocyanate (c) K2CrO4 (d) KOH
30. The reagents, NH4Cl and aqueous NH3 will precipitate Passage-III
(IIT JEE 1991)
An aqueous solution of a mixture of two inorganic salts,when
(a) Ca2+ treated with dilute HCl, gave a precipitate (P) and filtrate
(b) Al3+ (Q). The precipitate (P) was found to dissolve in hot water.
(c) Bi3+ The filtrate (Q) remained unchanged, when treated with
H2S in a dilute mineral acid medium. However, it gave a
(d) Mg2+ precipitate (R) with H2S in an ammoniacal medium. The
(e) Zn2+ precipitate R gave a coloured solution (S), when treated
with H2O2 in an aqueous NaOH medium.

9
 35. The precipitate P contains 43. Statement-I: Sulphate is estimated as BaSO4, not as MgSO4.
C-33.35 W-30.43 UA-36.22 (JEE Adv. 2013)
Statement-II: Ionic radius of Mg2+ is smaller than that of
(a) Pb 2+
(b) Hg22+ (c) Ag+ (d) Hg2+ Ba2+.
36. The coloured solution S contains (IIT JEE 1998)
C-14.13 W-44.48 UA-41.39 (JEE Adv. 2013)
44. Statement-I: A very dilute acidic solution of Cd2+ and Ni2+
(a) Fe2(SO4)3 (b) CuSO4 (c) ZnSO4 (d) Na2CrO4
gives yellow precipitate of CdS on passing H2S
Passage-IV
Statement-II: Solubility product of CdS is more than that
When a metal rod M is dipped into an aqueous colourless
of NiS.
concentrated solution of compound N, the solution turns light
blue. Addition of aqueous NaCl to the blue solution gives a (IIT JEE 1989)
white precipitate. On addition of aqueous NH3 dissolves O
and gives an intense blue solution. Numerical/Integer Types

37. The metal rod M is (IIT JEE 2011) 45. Among PbS, CuS, HgS, MnS, Ag2S, NiS, CoS, Bi2S3 and
(a) Fe (b) Cu (c) Ni (d) Co SnS2 the total number of black coloured sulphides is
38. The compound N is (IIT JEE 2011)  C-27.75 W-65.74 UA-6.51 (JEE Adv. 2014)
(a) AgNO3 (b) Zn(NO3)2 (c) Al(NO3)3 (d) Pb(NO3)2
39. The final solution contains (IIT JEE 2011) Fill in the Blanks
(a) [Pb(NH3)4]2+ and [CoCl4]2– 46. The formula of the deep red liquid formed on warming
(b) [Al(NH3)4]3+ and [Cu(NH3)4]2+ dichromate with KCl in concentrated sulphuric acid is
(c) [Ag(NH3)2]3+ and [Cu(NH3)4]2+ _________.
(d) [Ag(NH3)2]+ and [Ni(NH3)6]2+ (IIT JEE 1993)
Passage-V 47. If metal ions of group III are precipitated by NH4Cl and
p p - Amino - N, N-dimethylaniline is added to a strongly NH4OH without prior oxidation by conc. HNO3.... is not
acidic solution of X. The resulting solution is treated with few completely precipitated. (IIT JEE 1984)
drops of aqueous solution of Y to yield blue colouration due
to the formation of methylene blue. Treatment of the aqueous True/False
solution of Y with the reagent potassium hexacyanoferrate
48. From the solution containing copper (+2) and zinc (+2) ions,
(II) leads to the formation of an intense blue precipitate.
The precipitate dissolves on excess addition of the reagent. copper can be selectively precipitated using sodium sulphide.
Similarly, treatment of the solution of Y with the solution of (IIT JEE 1987)
potassium hexacyanoferrate (III) leads to a brown coloration
49. Addition of ammonium chloride to a solution containing
due to the formation of Z.
ferric and magnesium ions is essential for selective
40. The compound X is: (IIT JEE 2009) precipitation of ferric hydroxide by aqueous ammonia.
(a) NaNO3 (b) NaCl (c) Na2SO4 (d) Na2S
 (IIT JEE 1985)
41. Compound Y is (IIT JEE 2009)
(a) MgCl2 (b) FeCl2 (c) FeCl3 (d) ZnCl2 Subjective
42. The compound Z will be: (IIT JEE 2009) moist air
B  MCl4 Zn
 A
(a) Mg2[Fe(CN6)] (b) Fe[Fe(CN)6] 50. ( White fumes
having smell)
M  ( Transition ( Purple colour )
element colourless )
(c) Fe4[Fe(CN)6]3 (d) K2Zn3[Fe(CN)6]2
Identify the metal M and hence MCl4. Explain the difference
Assertion Reason/Statement Based
in colours of MCl4 and A. (IIT JEE 2005)
Read the following questions and answer as per the direction
given below: 51. Fe3 SCN


( excess )
 Blood red(A) F
( excess) 
 Colourless(B)
(a) Statement-I is correct; Statement-II is correct Statement-II Identify A and B.
is the correct explanation of Statement-I
(b) Statement-I is correct; Statement-II is correct Statement-II (i) Write IUPAC name of A and B.
is not the correct explanation of Statement-I (ii) Find out spin only magnetic moment of B.
(c) Statement-I is correct; Statement-II is incorrect  (IIT JEE 2005)
(d) Statement-I is incorrect; Statement-II is correct

10
 52. A1 and A2 are two ores of metal M. A1 on calcination gives 56. An aqueous blue coloured solution of a transition metal
black precipitate, CO2 and water. sulphate reacts with H2S in acidic medium to give a black
precipitate A, which is insoluble in warm aqueous solution
A1 Calcination
  Black solid + CO2 + OH2 of KOH. The blue solution on treatment with KI in weakly
dil. HCl
acidic medium, turns yellow and produces a white precipitate
KI
I 2  ppt B. Identify the transition metal ion. Write the chemical
A2 
Roasting
 Metal + Gas reactions involved in the formation of A and B.
K2Cr2O7 + H2SO4 (IIT JEE 2000)
Green colour
Identify A1 and A2 57. Write the chemical reactions associated with the ‘brown ring
test’.
(IIT JEE 2004)
53. A salt mixture consists of a yellow solid (A) and a colourless (IIT JEE 2000)
solid (B). The aqueous solution of the mixture
58. Write the chemical reactions associated with the ‘borax bead
(i) On passing H2S, we get a black precipitate of (C), which test of cobalt (II) oxide. (IIT JEE 2000)
dissolves only in aqua-regia. On extraction and reaction with
SnCl2 a greyish white precipitate is obtained. 59. An aqueous solution containing one mole of HgI2 and two
moles of NaI are orange in colour. On addition of excess
(ii) On treatment with ammonium hydroxide a reddish
NaI the solution becomes colourless. The orange colour
brown precipitate (D) is obtained. The sodium extract of the
reappears on subsequent addition of NaOCl. Explain with
solution gives the following tests:
equations. (IIT JEE 1999)
(i) On reaction with AgNO3 it gives a yellow precipitate
which is insoluble in NH3. 60. During the qualitative analysis of a mixture containing Cu2+
and Zn2+ ions, H2S gas is passed through an acidified solution
(ii) On shaking with FeCl3 and CCl4 a violet colouration in containing these ions in order to test Cu2+ alone. Explain
CCl4 layer is obtained. Mixture on performing flame test briefly.
gives lilac colour. Identify the compounds (A), (B), (C) and  (IIT JEE 1998)
(D).
61. Aluminium sulphide gives a foul odour when it becomes
 (IIT JEE 2003) damp. Write a balanced chemical equation for the reaction.
54. When a white crystalline compound is heated with K2Cr2O7 
and concentrated H2SO4, a reddish brown gas A is evolved.  (IIT JEE 1997)
On passing A into caustic soda solution, a yellow coloured
solution B is obtained. Neutralizing the solution of B with 62. A soluble compound of a poisonous element M, when heated
acetic acid and on subsequent addition of lead acetate a with Zn/H2SO4 gives a colourless and extremely poisonous
yellow precipitate C is obtained. When X is heated with gaseous compound N, which on passing through a heated
NaOH solution, colourless gas is evolved and on passing tube gives a silvery mirror of element M. Identify M and N.
this gas into K2HgI4 solution, a reddish brown precipitate D  (IIT JEE 1997)
is formed. Identify A, B, C, D and X. Write the equations of
63. A colourless inorganic salt (A) decomposes completely at
reactions involved. (IIT JEE 2002)
about 250° C to give only two products (B) and (C), leaving
55. A white substance A reacts with dilute H2SO4 to produce a no residue. The oxide (C) is a liquid at room temperature and
colourless gas B and a colourless solution C. The reaction neutral to moist litmus paper, while the gas (B) is a neutral
between B and acidified K2Cr2O7 solution produces a green oxide. White phosphorus burns in excess of (B) to produce
solution and a slightly coloured precipitate D. The substance a strong white dehydrating agent. Write balanced equations
D burns in air to produce a gas E which reacts with B to for the reactions involved in the above process.
yield D and a colourless liquid. Anhydrous copper sulphate
is turned blue in addition to this colourless liquid. Addition  (IIT JEE 1996)
of aqueous NH3 or NaOH to C produces first a precipitate,
which dissolves in the excess of the respective reagent to 64. Gradual addition of KI solution of Bi(NO3)3 solution initially
produce a clear solution in each case. Identify A, B, C, D produces a dark brown precipitate which dissolves in
and E. Write the equations of the reactions involved. excess of KI to give a clear yellow solution. Write chemical
equations for the above reactions. (IIT JEE 1996)
 (IIT JEE 2001)

11
 65. A scarlet compound A is treated with conc. HNO3 to give 72. Write the balanced chemical equations for the following
a chocolate brown precipitate B. The precipitate is filtered (i) Silver chloride is treated with aqueous sodium cyanide
and the filtrate is neutralized with NaOH. Addition of KI to and the product thus formed is allowed to react with
the resulting solution gives a yellow ppt C. The brown ppt B zinc in alkaline medium.
on warming with conc. HNO3 in the presence of Mn(NO3)2
(ii) Cobalt (II) solution reacts with KNO2 in acetic acid
produces a pink coloured solution due to the formation of
medium.
D. Identify A, B, C and D. Write the reaction sequence.
(IIT JEE 1989)
 (IIT JEE 1995) 73. A mixture of two salts was treated as follows :
66. An orange solid A on heating gave a green residue B, a (i) The mixture was heated with manganese dioxide and
colourless gas C and water vapour. The dry gas C on passing concentrated sulphuric acid, when yellowish green gas
overheated Mg gave a white solid D. D on reaction with was liberated.
water gave a gas E which formed dense white fumes with (ii) The mixture on heating with sodium hydroxide solution
HCl. Identify A to E and give the reaction involved. gives a gas which turns red litmus blue.
 (IIT JEE 1993) (iii) Its solution in water gave blue precipitate with
potassium ferricyanide and red colouration with
67. The acidic aqueous solution of ferrous ion forms a brown ammonium thiocyanate.
complex in the presence of NO3–, by the following two steps (iv) The mixture was boiled with potassium hydroxide
[Fe(H2O)6]2 + + NO + H → ................ + [Fe(H2O)6]
– + 3+ and the liberated gas was bubbled through an alkaline
3
solution of K2HgI4 to give brown precipitate. Identify
[Fe(H2O)6]2+ + ................. → ................ + H2O the two salts. Give ionic equations for reactions
involved in the tests (i), (ii) and (iii). (IIT JEE 1987)
Complete and balance the equation. (IIT JEE 1993)
74. Write a balanced equation for the following “Potassium
68. A light bluish green crystalline compound responds to permanganate is reacted with warm solution of oxalic acid
the following tests (i) Its aqueous solution gives a brown in the presence of sulphuric acid.” (IIT JEE 1987)
precipitate or colouration with K2[HgI4]. (ii) Its aqueous 75. Mention the products formed in the following:
solution gives a blue colour with K3[Fe(CN)6]. (iii) Its
(i) Zinc oxide is treated with excess of sodium hydroxide
solution in hydrochloric acid gives a white precipitate with
solution.
BaCl2. Identify the ions present and suggest the formula of
the compound. (IIT JEE 1992) (ii) Iodine is added to a solution of stannous chloride.
(iii) Sulphur dioxide gas, water vapour and air are passed
69. In the following reaction, identify the compounds/reaction
over heated sodium chloride. (IIT JEE 1986)
conditions represented by the alphabets A and B.
76. What happen when
PbS Heat
 in
 A  PbS B
 Pb  SO2
air
 (IIT JEE 1991) (i) hydrogen sulphide is bubbled through an aqueous
solution of sulphur dioxide.
70. Give reason in one or two sentences for the following “The
(ii) aqueous ammonia is added dropwise to a solution of
hydroxides of aluminium and iron are insoluble in water.
copper sulphate till it is in excess.
However, NaOH is used to separate one from other.
(iii) tin is treated with concentrated nitric acid.
 (IIT JEE 1991)
(iv) CrCl3 solution is treated with sodium hydroxide and
71. The gas liberated, on heating a mixture of two salts with then with hydrogen peroxide.
NaOH, gives a reddish brown precipitate with an alkaline (v) Pb3O4 is treated with nitric acid. (IIT JEE 1985)
solution of K2HgI4. The aqueous solution of the mixture
77. When 16.8 g of white solid X were heated, 4.4 g of acid gas
on treatment with BaCl2 gives a white precipitate which is
A, that turned lime water milky, was driven off together with
sparingly soluble in conc. HCl. On heating the mixture with
1.8 g of a gas B which condensed to a colourless liquid. The
K2Cr2O7 and conc. H2SO4, red vapours A are produced. The
aqueous solution of the mixture gives a deep blue colouration solid that remained, Y, dissolved in water to give an alkaline
B with potassium ferricyanide solution. Identify the radicals solution, which with excess barium chloride solution gave
in the given mixture and write the balanced equations for a white precipitate Z. The precipitate effervesces with acid
the formation of A and B. giving off carbon dioxide. Identify A, B and Y and write
down the equation for the thermal decomposition of X.
 (IIT JEE 1991)
(IIT JEE 1984)

12
78. Compound A is a light green crystalline solid. It gives the 80. The precipitation of second group sulfides in qualitative
following tests analysis is carried out with hydrogen sulfide in the presence
(i) It dissolves in dilute sulphuric acid. No gas is produced. of hydrochloric acid but not in nitric acid. Explain.

(ii) A drop of KMnO4 is added to the above solution. The  (IIT JEE 1979)
pink colour disappears.
81. A white amorphous powder A on heating yields a colorless,
(iii) Compound A is heated strongly. Gases B and C, with non-combustible gas B and a solid C. The latter compound
a pungent smell, come out. A brown residue D is left assumes a yellow colour on heating and changes to white
behind. on cooling. C dissolves in dilute hydrochloric acid and the
(iv) The gas mixture (B and C) is passed into a dichromate resulting solution gives a white precipitate with K4Fe(CN)6
solution. The solution turns green. solution. A dissolves in dil. HCl with the evolution of gas,
which is identical in all respects with B. The gas B turns
(v) The green solution from step (iv) gives a white
lime water milky, but the milkiness disappears with the
precipitate E with a solution of barium nitrate.
continuous passage of gas. The solution of A as obtained
(vi) Residue D from step (iii) is heated on charcoal in a above, gives a white ppt E in addition to NaOHsolution,
reducing flame. It gives a magnetic substance. which dissolves on further addition to the base.
Name the compound A, B, C, D and E. (IIT JEE 1980) Identify the compounds A, B, C, D and E.(IIT JEE 1979)

79. Explain the following in not more than two sentences. A

solution of FeCl3 in water gives a brown precipitate on
standing.
(IIT JEE 1980)

13
 Answer Key (Abhedya)

EXERCISE-1
1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (a) 4. (a) 5. (a,b,c,d) 6. (a,b,d) 7. (b,c,d) 8. (b,d) 9. (a,b) 10. (a,b,c)
11. (a,c,d) 12. (d) 13. (b) 14. (c) 15. (a) 16. (d) 17. (b) 18. (d) 19. (c) 20. (c)
21. (c) 22. (a) 23. (d) 24. [3] 25. [4] 26. [30] 27. [7] 28. [8] 29. [5] 30. [9]

EXERCISE-2
1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (d) 4. (d) 5. (b) 6. (c) 7. (b) 8. (a, b, c) 9. (a, c) 10. (a, b, c, d)
11. (a, b) 12. (a, b, c) 13. (3) 14. (2) 15. (3) 16. (b) 17. (a)

EXERCISE-3 (Advanced/Olympiad)
1. (d) 2. Ag 3. A = AgNO3, B = Ag2O 4. Ag8S3SO4 5. [Ag3S]NO3 6. [5]
7. (a-21), (b-9) 8. SOClBr and SOBr2 9. SOClBr 10. [9]

EXERCISE-4 (PYQ’s)
1. (c) 2. (c) 3. (a) 4. (a) 5. (d) 6. (a) 7. (b) 8. (a) 9. (b) 10. (a)
11. (b) 12. (a) 13. (b) 14. (a) 15. (c) 16. (d) 17. (c) 18. (c) 19. (a) 20. (a)
21. (c) 22. (d) 23. (a,b) 24. (b, d) 25. (c, d) 26. (a,c,d) 27. (a, b) 28. (a,b,d) 29. (b,c) 30. (a,b)
31. (c) 32. (d) 33. (b) 34. (d) 35. (a) 36. (d) 37. (b) 38. (a) 39. (c) 40. (d)
41. (c) 42. (b) 43. (b) 44. (c) 45. [6 or 7] 46. CrO2Cl247. Fe3+ 48. TRUE 49. TRUE

14