‫المذكرة االنشائية‬

‫مشروع مبنى سكني‬

‫عدي ماهر زهران‬

‫‪2023‬‬

‫‪1|P a g e‬‬
 CONTENT
This is a complete structural design report and its divided to 6 sections as follows:

1. An abstract .

2. Section 1 (Introduction and Slab analysis and design).

3. Section 2 (Determine the seismic design category).

4. Section 3 (3d Modeling).

5. Section 4 (Regulatory Assessment of structures).

6. Section 5 ( Base Shear calculations , shear wall, and frame design).

7. Section 6 (footing design).

2|P a g e
 About Project:

Project Information (Industrial Multi-story building)

Owner Mr. Oday Maher Zahran
Zone No. Date 2023
9 stories (29.34) m
from Well level AND Type of
Number of stories (26.34 m) above G. L building Residential
Seismic
Location Hebron Zone 2A- Ramallah

*The seismic zone of the site is (2A) as shown in seismic zone map depicted in Figure (4) –
according Geotechnical Report The building will be analyzed using a commercially available
three-dimensional analysis Etabs20.2 Software. More given data about the building are as
follow:

Typical Floor Height (m) Vary Thickness of shear wall (cm) (25,30)
2
Typical Floor Area (m ) Vary Thickness of basement wall (cm) (25)
Slabs Varies in type and thickness
Soil of the site: The soil properties are Rock , Type of soil section SB

For isolated footing. (Estimated and to be investigated

Bearing Capacity (KN/m2) 300 later)

For continuous footing. (Estimated and to be investigated

Bearing Capacity (KN/m2) 250 later).

Material Properties:
Steel Reinforcement:
fy (Mpa) 420 Es (Mpa) 200,000
Type of steel Reinforcement and standard specifications:
Its corrosive resistance is when hardened and surface is ground or polished,
with yielding strengths equal to (4200 kg/cm2)
Concrete:
fc' (MPa)=0.8*
fcu (MPa) 35 (B350) fcu 0.80*35=28
Ec(MPa)= 4700 4700*28^0.5=
fr (Mpa)=0.62 fc' 0.62*28^.5=3.28 fc'^1/2 24870
C ( KN/m3) 25
Concrete Grades for different elements:
Blinding Concrete B200
R.C for Slabs ,and for beams B350
R.C for Foundations B350

3|P a g e
 R.C for Columns B350
Shear walls ,Basement walls B350
Retaining walls B300

Abstract

This is a Complete structural Design Report for the Industrial Building of 9

stories (Well,G,1st, 2nd,3rd,4th,5th,6th,7th) . modeled in ETABS software to resist
Seismic and extreme climatic events , and the footing were designed on Csi
SAFE AND STRAP FOUND.

Seismic Design will be restricted to requirements of UBC1997, and each calculation

performed will be verified in order to have a reliable design against earthquakes.
The soil in the site – as provided by the soil investigation report- is a bedrock Soil with a
bearing capacity as stated in the soil report. Building designer suggested a system that suits
his work. The report will be evaluating his suggestion, then explain its problems in the case of
earthquake, and finally suggesting the required recommendations.

- Seismic resistant system: Intermediate Momment Resisting

Frame (IMRF).
- Overstrength factor (responsibility factor) (R=5.5).
The report will deal with the analysis procedures, including required verifications, focusing in
theory and implementation, and finally develop design for shear wall elements and columns if
required. These designed elements are according to ACI requirements.
- Codes which used:
-JC/LFC-2006, Jordanian Codes, Loads and Forces Code, Second edition, 2006.

-(UBC 97), Uniform Building Code, 1997 that is compatible and identical to J.C 2005.
That is identical to J.c 2005. (‫ في الشروط والمعادالت والمعامالت‬2005 ‫)مطابق تماما للكود األردني‬

-JC/ERBC-2005, Jordanian Codes, Earthquake Resisting Building Code, First edition, 2005.

-ACI-318M-14. Building Code Requirements for Structural Concrete, American Concrete Institute,
2014.

4|P a g e
 SECTION 1

INTRODUCTION

5|P a g e
 Introduction
The plan of fourth floor provided in Figure 1 shows the distribution of
reinforced concrete shear walls in the building that designed to support the
building against the lateral earthquake forces.

Figure 1: Ground Floor plan.

Cladding system
As the majority of structures in Palestinian cities, the facades of the building will
be built using stones. Figure 2 shows a typical section in a stone wall.

Figure 2:Typical section in stone wall.

6|P a g e
 Table 1 shows the unit weights (γ) for the materials used in the stone wall.
Table 1: Unit weight of materials used in stone walls

Item Unit weight

3
Stone 22 kN/m
3
Plain concrete 25 kN/m
3
Brick 12 kN/m

Figure 3:Table of grid shows stories heights.

- Wall line load for each 1-meter height equals:

(0.08m x 12 kN/m3 x 1) + (0.05m x 22 kN/m3 x 1) + (0.15m x 25 kN/m3 x 1)
= 5.81 kN/m.
Table 2 shows the line distributed load that represents stone loads. It is important to notice that
a deduction of 20% will be reduced of the value calculated, since stone walls contain windows,
and these windows must not be included in the weight. Note that the line load for each 1-meter
equals 7.3 kN/m, and after the deduction will be 6 kN/m.
- For balconies (0.75m) note that the line load will be 4.6 KN/m
Rtr
Story Line load without deduction Net line load (x0.8)
Floors 3.1*5.8= 18 15

Balconies and parapet 6x1= 6 6

7|P a g e
 Table 2: Wall loads calculations
Design of slab will be illustrated in the Modeling Section

Slab live area loads were determined using the Jordanian

code. Table 3 summarizes area loads (dead and live).
Load Type Load Value
(Dead) self-weight Automatically calculated by program
5 KN/m2 For all stories
4 KN/m2 For Part of G slab Parking
Live load
2.5KN/m2 For Residential Residential
Table 3: Area Loads | Service

Tow types of Live loads ( Reducible , and NOT Reducible ) , as -JC/LFC-2006 allows for
live load reduction except of Storage and machinery loads

Additional 1 Kn/m2 is added for Super imposed dead load for Ribbed slabs to account for H.Block weight
Super imposed dead load ( SD) /m2
Material Density Thickness Load KN
Tiles 22 0.03 0.60
mortar 20 0.03 0.6
Gravel 18 0.1 1.8
partitions Calculated from all partitions
weight/Area 1
Ʃ 4.00 (+1 for ribbed slab)

Table 4: SD LOAD DETAIL | Service

8|P a g e
 SECTION 2

DETERMINING THE SEISMIC DESIGN CATEGORY

9|P a g e
 Seismic Design Category
UBC classifies a building into Seismic Design Category (SDC) according to
many factors that will be shown later on in this report. According to UBC1997
there are four categories as following:

Determining of Risk Category

(UBC1997 recommendations) that contains the risk categories classification.

Determining of Seismic Importance Factor

The value of the seismic importance factor (I) depends on the risk category. For
risk category (standard occupancy) the value of importance factor is 1.

Zoning Classification
Figure 3 shows the zoning classification based on 10% probability of
exceedance (almost 475 returning period).
Figure 3:Seismic hazard map - (10 % probability of exceedance) – Palestine

Hebron Zoning classification is 2A (Z=0.15)

10 | P a g e
 Soil Site Classification (according to the soil investigation report #BEV/21025)
The nature of the soil largely affects the behavior of structure in earthquakes.
Rocky soils will decrease the lateral forces applied on the system.
Table 16-J (UBC1997) shows soil classification.

Figure 4:Site Classification (UBC1997).

The site class for the building is C.

Values of Ca & Cv coefficient be determined using tables 16-R (UBC1997).

Figure 5:Values of Cv & Ca coefficient (Velocity & acceleration coefficients).

11 | P a g e
 As shown in figure 16-R: Ca =0.15 | Cv= 0.15
Determination of Ct Time Factor

Figure 6:UBC1997 Ct factor

Approximate Fundamental Period (Ta)

Ta = 0.0488*ℎ^3/4= 0.0488 *29.34^3/4 = 0.615 Seconds

Tb calculated using more accurate methods should not be more than 1.40 T a for zones 1,
2A, 2B, and 3

Determination of ductility & overstrength factor (R) – Responsibility factor

Figure 7:Table 16-N (R) factor that accounts for the ductility and overstrength of the structural system,
(UBC1997).

12 | P a g e
 Results Summery
Table 5shows a summery for calculated values.
Table 5: Factors summery

Seismic Importance Factor (I) 1

Seismic zone 2A – Ramallah
Soil Site Classification SB (M<6.5)
Ta 0.615 sec
Ca 0.15
Cv 0.15
Ct 0.0488 = 0.02 (ft)

13 | P a g e
 SECTION 3

3D MODELING

14 | P a g e
3D Modeling
Models built using software must be evaluated and verified. The 3D model will be used for
finding some parameters and to predict the behavior of the structure. Later on (through
Section 4) some checks about irregularity will be performed based on 3D model results,
but the final design and the final structural system will be done through a verified and
checked for stability and equilibrium 3D model.

Figure 8: 3D Model.

15 | P a g e
 Materials Definition
Materials used in this project are concrete and reinforcement steel. For
concrete the compressive strength will be 28 MPa for all structural
elements, and for steel fy will be 420 MPa. Figure 8 shows the concrete
definition in ETABS.

Figure 9:Concrete Properties is Etabs Model

Figure 10: rebar definition is Etabs Model

The modulus of elasticity value was calculated using formula 19.2.2.1.b in the ACI
2014 code.

16 | P a g e
 3D Model
Figure 11 shows the 3D model built using Etabs20.3
Member properties used for analysis
The member section properties used for analysis should take into
account the influence of cracking and duration of loads. To do so, ACI
code permits use of the following properties for the members of the
structure:
Beams: Torsion*0.2 | I2, I3* 0.35
Columns: Torsion*0.7 | I2, I3*0.7
Slabs: M11, M22, M12*0.25 (out of plane)
Shear Walls: (In Plane *0.7) | (Out of Plane *0.1)
Basement Walls: (In Plane *0.1) | (Out of Plane *0.7)

Figure 11: 3D model using Etabs20.3

17 | P a g e
 Slab System

The used structural system is Solid Slab with drop beams.

Figure 12: G slab system.

Figure 13: 1st Slab System.

Defined Frames:
Columns sections are :
C60X45,C70X45,C55X30,C50X25.

Beams Sections :
B80X32, B60x32, B40x32.

18 | P a g e
 Defined Loads

- Load Patterns are as Figure(14) and details to be illustrated throughout

the Report:

Figure 14: Load Patterns Etabs20.3

- Uniform area load on slabs from load Pattern SD and Live.

- Non-Uniform loads on basement walls and water well walls using load
pattern Soil and water.

- Seismic loads as defined according to UBC97.

- Line Loads | figure (15) shows the line loads for stone walls. Loads values
are taken from table 2 mentioned previously in Section 3 in this report. The
stone walls will be isolated so it will act as a load not as a support.

Figure 15: STONE WALL LOADS (SD)

19 | P a g e
 Slab design
1st slab is the sample design that will be discussed in the report.
As mentioned in Section 1 SLAB Loading are :

SD= 4 KN/m2 +1 for ribbed s , LL =2.5 KN/m2.

The slab load is assigned to slabs in the Etabs Model and the exported to Csi
Safe for the slab Design.

Figure 16: Ribbed 32, Flat32 ,and waffle 32 cm slab Property Definition in Etabs20.3

20 | P a g e
Figure 17: Ribbed32, and waffle32 cm slab Property Definition in Csi SAFE2016.

21 | P a g e
 Figure 18: Slab loading in Etabs and Safe2016.

Slab were designed and checked using first Finite element method , then final
design results were demanded using Design Strip method . all using Csi safe
program with floor imported from Etabs Model.

-Deflection check :
Long term deflection check was determined from defining cracked load cases as
follows :
- Immediate Cracked.
- Long-term sustained Cracked.
- Sustained Cracked.

Long term deflection Combination = LONGTERM SUSTAINED + All IMMEDIATE

CRACKED – ALL SUSTAINED CRACKED.

22 | P a g e
23 | P a g e
 Figure 19: LONG TERM DEFLECTION LOAD CASES (CRACKED)

Figure 20: LONG TERM DEFLECTION Combination.

24 | P a g e
Figure 21: ACI Table 9.5(b) Maximum permissible computed deflections.

Figure 22: LONG TERM DEFLECTION in 2nd slab.

From Figure 22 Long term deflection = 15 mm.

L/D= 7900/18 = 438 . SO, L/438 deflection in long term .

according to ACI table 9.5(b) shown in fig21 , the worst case is in presence of
nonstructural elements not subjected to be damaged by large deflections L/240.

25 | P a g e
Flexure and Shear Design :

Design strip method will be adapted for the design Ribbed Slab.

Design strip width is 0.52m width as the unit width of the ribbed system.

Figure 23: Design Strips Layer A and Layer Ground Slab.

Design for design strips uses Overall Envelope.

26 | P a g e
Figure 24: Flexure Design Strip Design Method Ground Slab.

Meshing:
-Slabs were assigned to have and Automatic shell Mesh.
-Walls were divided vertically and Automatic Meshed.
-frame assigned an automatic Mesh.
UBC Recommendations

Mass Source Definition

The mass source definition is shown in figure 25.

27 | P a g e
 Figure25 : Mass source definition in Etabs model.

3D Model Checks
Multiple checks will be performed on the 3D model.
- Diaphragms assigned for all slabs.
- ETABS model warnings check.
- Connection between slab-beams-columns-walls.
- Slabs internal moment.
- Beams moment diagrams.

st
1 Check
The first check is from the Etabs itself, as Etabs has a check of member
connections, and load transfer (action to reaction). Figure 26 shows the
checklist and the result of the check done by the software itself.

28 | P a g e
 Figure 26 :Etabs Checklist, No Warnings messages.
nd
2 Check
The second check will be compatibility check of the model (connection
between slab-beams-columns-walls). Figure 27 shows the deformed shape.

Figure 27 :Deformed shape of the 3D Etabs Model.

rd rd
3 Check The 3 check will be by displaying the internal moment in both
directions (x and y). As the system is a bidirectional load transfer, Figure
28shows a moment distribution in (x, y directions) respectively

29 | P a g e
Following fig for check only ( no values is taken)

Figure 28: Internal moment in 1st slab (both directions) only for demonstration , no specific value reading is
expected from Pic.

th
4 Check
th
4 check is by displaying major moment (known as moment 3-3 in the
program) and shear S22 . Figure 29 shows the major moment for beam.

These checks just for showing that the structure is modeled

correctly. (Connection between structural elements). Not output

30 | P a g e
 Figure29: M33 & S22 for check only purposes for 1st slab.

31 | P a g e
 SECTION 4

REGULARITY ASSESSMENT OF THE STRUCTURE

32 | P a g e
 Regularity of Structures
Based on the fact that the response of irregular structures to dynamic forces can’t be easily
predicted, the regularity of structure is important to simplify the structure into 1D; to make the
st
1 mode the most dominated mode in the response of dynamic forces.

Both horizontal and vertical irregularity must be checked based on

UBC1997 limitations.

Lateral seismic load definition (UBC1997)

Figure30: Table 16-N UBC97 Volume 2 Structural systems (IMRF).

The following fig31,fig32 shows initial lateral seismic definition without any modifiers for the sake of
checking Irregularities.

33 | P a g e
Figure 31:Lateral force definition in X direction for +ECC and -ECC.

34 | P a g e
Figure 32:Lateral force definition in Y direction for +ECC and -ECC.

35 | P a g e
 Determination of the Occupancy Category

Figure 33 :UBC1997 Volume2 Table 16-K – OCCUPANCY CATEGORY

FROM TABLE 16-K UBC97 Occupancy category of the structure is (3)

36 | P a g e
 Selection of lateral -force Procedure

Figure 34:UBC1997 Volume2 1629.8 Selection of lateral force procedure

From fig.34 we conclude that the structure will be designed as static

and determine the 1st mode the most dominated mode in the response of dynamic forces.

37 | P a g e
 Irregularities needed to be checked.

Figure 35:1629.5.3 UBC97 VOLUME2 Irregular structures

Vertical Irregularity

Figure 36:Table 16-L UBC97 VOLUME2 Vertical structural irregularities.

Referring to UBC97 1629.5.3 the only vertical irregularity needed to be checked is

type5 (Discontinuity in capacity-weak story).

Discontinuity in capacity- weak story

Its clear that the building has no weak story .

Horizontal Irregularity

38 | P a g e
 Figure 37:Table 16-M UBC97 VOLUME2 Plan structural irregularities.

Referring to UBC97 1629.5.3 the only Horizontal irregularity needed to be checked

is type1 (Torsional Irregularity).

Torsional Irregularity
“Torsional irregularity is defined to exist where the maximum story drift,
computed including accidental torsion, at one end of the structure
transverse to an axis is more than 1.2 times the average of the story drifts at
the two ends of the structure.” (UBC1997).

Building displacement < (h/250) = (2634/250) = ( 10.54 Cm) allowed.

For story: Δ=(0.02*h).
Were h = height above Ground level.

The larger story drift must be 1.2 times average story drift to be sure that the
structure has no torsional irregularities.

Torsional Irregularity Check

• X-DIR TORSIONAL Irregularity check
EQX+ECC .

39 | P a g e
 EQX+ECC
LEVEL
MAX avg Ratio Irregular? AX(Qmax/1.2Qavg)2
7th 30.949 30.35 1.019736 no 0.722126627
6th 27.997 26.844 1.042952 no 0.755380974
5TH 24.322 22.897 1.062235 no 0.783571999
4TH 19.669 18.389 1.069607 no 0.794485258
3RD 14.478 13.556 1.068014 no 0.792121009
2ND 8.948 8.614 1.038774 no 0.749341394
1ST 4.307 4.035 1.06741 no 0.791225314
G 1.219 0.689 1.769231 yes 2.173734385

TABLE 6: avg/Max and Ax for EQX+ECC.

(Torsional Irregularity Exists only in G slab ) in EQx+ecc.

EQX-ECC
LEVEL
MAX avg Ratio Irregular? AX(Qmax/1.2Qavg)2
7th 34.132 30.006 1.137506 no 0.898555221
6th 34.079 28.182 1.209247 yes 1.015471109
5TH 30.349 24.465 1.240507 yes 1.068650859
4TH 24.602 19.674 1.250483 yes 1.085907924
3RD 18.21 14.517 1.254391 yes 1.0927068
2ND 11.284 9.182 1.228926 yes 1.048791324
1ST 4.715 4.211 1.119687 no 0.870623568
G 1.074 0.629 1.707472 yes 2.02462586

TABLE 7: avg/Max and Ax for EQX-ECC.

( No Torsional Irregularity) in EQx-ecc.

40 | P a g e
EQY+ECC check

EQY+ECC
LEVEL
MAX avg Ratio Irregular? AX(Qmax/1.2Qavg)2
7th 20.92 10.634 1.967275 yes 2.687618095
6th 22.422 11.042 2.03061 yes 2.863457349
5TH 21.859 10.546 2.072729 yes 2.983476038
4TH 18.517 8.7 2.128391 yes 3.145866262
3RD 16.798 7.763 2.163854 yes 3.251572856
2ND 11.756 5.441 2.160632 yes 3.241896988
1ST 6.505 3.157 2.0605 yes 2.948376533
G 2.253 1.173 1.920716 yes 2.56190999

Ax to be considered = 3 or less.
TABLE 8: avg/Max and Ax for EQY+ECC.

(Torsional Irregularity Torsional Irregularity EXISTS).

EQY- ECC check

EQX-ECC
LEVEL
MAX avg Ratio Irregular? AX(Qmax/1.2Qavg)2
7th 34.485 10.963 3.145581 yes 6.871303641
6th 39.034 13.576 2.875221 yes 5.740899773
5TH 38.838 14.081 2.758185 yes 5.283043976
4TH 32.53 11.63 2.797077 yes 5.433081315
3RD 29.626 11.069 2.676484 yes 4.974698561
2ND 20.046 7.619 2.631054 yes 4.807253373
1ST 10.258 4.214 2.434267 yes 4.115037856
G 2.777 1.395 1.990681 yes 2.751951985

Ax to be considered = 3 or less.
TABLE 9: avg/Max and Ax for EQY-ECC.

(Torsional Irregularity Torsional Irregularity EXISTS).

41 | P a g e
 Table 10 summarizes torsional irregularity check for both directions:

X direction TORSIONAL IRREGULARITY Exist

Y direction TORSIONAL IRREGULARITY Exist

Figure 38: torsional irregularity amplification factor

From UBC97 VOLUME2 1630.7 , an amplification factor (Ax) must be multiplied to
accident torsion in seismic load pattern and it’s calculated as shown in Table6
and Table 8 ,and Table9 Respectively .

Lateral seismic load definition (UBC1997) and applying Ax.

Lateral seismic load definition remains as initial definition except of load case
EQX+ECC, EQX-ECC, and EQY+ECC needed to be considered for torsional
irregularity by amplification factor Ax as shown earlier in Table 6 ,Table 8, and
Table 9 Respectively.

For EQX+ECC.

42 | P a g e
Figure 39: shows applying AX to EQX+ECC load pattern.

Figure 40: shows applying AX to EQX-ECC load pattern.

43 | P a g e
Figure 41: shows applying AX to EQy+ECC load pattern.

Figure 42: shows applying AX to EQy-ECC load pattern.

44 | P a g e
 Deflection /Drift Calculations:
Note ∆m with the small m is for drift calculations , and ∆M with the capital
letter is for displacement Calculations as the previous Paragraph showed.

∆m=0.7*R*∆s = .7*5.5*.004234= .0163 < .02 ok.

Figure 43: MAX STORY DRIFT.

Conclusion
The model has been checked and passed all seismic design
limits and recommendations by UBC1997 that is identical
with JC-2005.

Center of Mass and Center of Rigidity Calculations

The location of both center of mass and center of rigidity must be identical or almost the
same (results must be close). As shown in figure 40 the system seems to provide symmetry
in both direction for both mass and rigidity. AutoCAD software provides a method of
calculating center of mass and center of rigidity and this method is verified and used widely.
Figure 40 shows location of center of mass and center of rigidity for the purposed system.
It is important to note that the center of mass calculation neglects the opening in the slab
due to stair existence; the reason of this neglecting is that the stairs are part of the mass.

45 | P a g e
 Figure 44: Diaphragm assignment.

TABLE11: Centers Of Mass And Rigidity

Story Diaphragm XCM YCM Cum Mass XCR YCR DX DY e.x e.y e.x/Dx e.y/Dy
m m kg m m m m m m % %
7th D9 13.2 8.6376 842133.88 23.75 1.226 19 10.9 15.11 7.412 79.52 67.9972
6th D8 16.5 12.413 274557.82 17.16 11.93 22.65 13.75 4.749 0.486 20.96 3.53236
5th D7 14.9 10.56 569388.95 17.16 11.69 23.35 17.25 6.596 -1.125 28.25 -6.5235
4th D6 13.5 9.6526 751049.9 17.15 11.71 23.35 17.25 7.499 -2.06 32.11 -11.943
3rd D5 13.6 9.2096 723890.6 17.19 11.75 28 17.25 7.98 -2.54 28.5 -14.726
2nd D4 11.8 9.2024 826417.06 17.26 11.74 28 17.25 8.056 -2.535 28.77 -14.696
1st D3 12.2 9.2423 792115.37 17.42 11.41 28 17.25 8.178 -2.169 29.21 -12.576
G D2 12.2 9.2277 790020.67 18.03 10.09 30.3 18.8 8.798 -0.861 29.04 -4.5777
Etabs has the option of calculating the center of mass and the center of rigidity.
The first step will be assigning the floors to be rigid diaphragms, the second step
is to let Etabs calculate the center of rigidity (it is not calculated automatically;
user must set this option manually – set load case to run). Figure 40 shows the
diaphragm definition in the Etabs model.

Table 11 , shows Etabs results including the difference percentage

between center of mass and center of rigidity in both directions.

From Table 11 , max eccentricity is more than 20% and this was taken into
account using P-DELTA effect in design and torsional irregularity modifiers AX.

46 | P a g e
 SECTION 5

BASE SHEAR CALCULATIONS

Shear wall , and Frame design

47 | P a g e
Calculation of Structure Weight
Structure mass equals to the summation of stories masses, the
following formula calculates the total mass of structure:

Table 12 : story mass and story weight

Story Masses Story weight wx (Mass*9.81)
Mass Force wx
Story Story
kg KN
7th 842133.88 7th 8261.33336
6th 274557.82 6th 2693.41221
5th 569388.95 5th 5585.7056
4th 751049.9 4th 7367.79952
3rd 723890.6 3rd 7101.36679
2nd 826417.06 2nd 8107.15136
1st 792115.37 1st 7770.65178
G 790020.67 G 7750.10277
WELL 31070.17 WELL 304.798368
5600644.42 54942.3218
Table12: Story masses (kg) and story weights wx in (KN).
WD =54942.3218 KN

Load Combinations for Gravity and Seismic

Fig 45: Standard Load Combinations for Gravity and seismic.

48 | P a g e
 Calculation of Base Shear
The seismic base shear is calculated according to ACI equations.
T= 0.734 , Cv=0.15 , Ca=0.15 . ( in Table 5 from section 2)

Base shear
𝑪𝒗 𝑰 (𝟎.𝟏𝟓𝑿𝟏) 𝟐.𝟓𝑿 𝑪𝒂 𝑰
𝑽= WB= (𝟓.𝟓𝑿𝟎.𝟔𝟏𝟓) 𝐱 𝟓𝟒𝟗𝟒𝟐. 𝟑𝟐𝟏𝟖 = 𝟐𝟒𝟑𝟔. 𝟒𝟕 𝑲𝑵 ≤ 𝑾𝑫 = 𝟑𝟕𝟒𝟔𝑲𝑵 ≥ 𝟎. 𝟏𝟏 𝑪𝒂 𝑾𝑫 =
𝑹𝑻 𝑹
𝟗𝟎𝟔. 𝟓 𝑲𝑵. OK
Table 13: Story Forces
Output P VX VY T MX MY
Story
Case kN kN kN kN-m kN-m kN-m
7th EQX+ECC 0 -249.2457 0 3223.6247 0 0
7th EQX+ECC 0 -249.2457 0 3223.6247 0 -777.647
7th EQX-ECC 0 -249.2457 0 2952.9633 0 0
7th EQX-ECC 0 -249.2457 0 2952.9633 0 -777.647
-
7th EQY+ECC 0 0 210.424 -4042.1444 0 0
-
7th EQY+ECC 0 0 210.424 -4042.1444 656.5218 0
-
7th EQY-ECC 0 0 210.424 -2849.6879 0 0
-
7th EQY-ECC 0 0 210.424 -2849.6879 656.5218 0
6th EQX+ECC 0 -513.0102 0 6208.6644 1.19E-06 -777.647
6th EQX+ECC 0 -513.0102 0 6208.6644 9.28E-07 -2378.24
6th EQX-ECC 0 -513.0102 0 5464.3251 8.07E-07 -777.647
6th EQX-ECC 0 -513.0102 0 5464.3251 0 -2378.24
-
6th EQY+ECC 0 0 600.529 -10969.5008 656.5218 0
-
6th EQY+ECC 0 0 600.529 -10969.5008 2530.172 0
-
6th EQY-ECC 0 0 600.529 -7498.7298 656.5218 -9.5E-07
-
6th EQY-ECC 0 0 600.529 -7498.7298 2530.172 -1.1E-06
5th EQX+ECC 0 -818.3147 0 9418.9697 1.71E-06 -2378.24
5th EQX+ECC 0 -818.3147 0 9418.9697 8.53E-07 -4931.38
5th EQX-ECC 0 -818.3147 0 8085.0413 0 -2378.24
5th EQX-ECC 0 -818.3147 0 8085.0413 -5.5E-07 -4931.38
-
5th EQY+ECC 0 0 1052.07 -18400.3596 2530.172 0
-
5th EQY+ECC 0 0 1052.07 -18400.3596 5812.636 0
-
5th EQY-ECC 0 0 1052.07 -12220.3316 2530.172 -1.6E-06

49 | P a g e
 -
5th EQY-ECC 0 0 1052.07 -12220.3316 5812.636 0
4th EQX+ECC 0 -1072.8341 0 11982.5246 0 -4931.38
4th EQX+ECC 0 -1072.8341 0 11982.5246 0 -8278.62
4th EQX-ECC 0 -1072.8341 0 10152.6886 -9.3E-07 -4931.38
4th EQX-ECC 0 -1072.8341 0 10152.6886 -1.7E-06 -8278.62
4th EQY+ECC 0 0 -1428.5 -24635.0253 5812.636 0
4th EQY+ECC 0 0 -1428.5 -24635.0253 10269.57 1.02E-06
4th EQY-ECC 0 0 -1428.5 -16196.405 5812.636 0
4th EQY-ECC 0 0 -1428.5 -16196.405 10269.57 0
3rd EQX+ECC 0 -1318.0279 0 14450.3657 -1.1E-06 -8278.62
3rd EQX+ECC 0 -1318.0279 0 14450.3657 -2.4E-06 -12390.9
8.62E-
3rd EQX-ECC 0 -1318.0279 07 12141.1251 -2.3E-06 -8278.62
8.62E-
3rd EQX-ECC 0 -1318.0279 07 12141.1251 -5E-06 -12390.9
-
3rd EQY+ECC 0 0 1791.14 -29987.3413 10269.57 9.36E-07
-
3rd EQY+ECC 0 0 1791.14 -29987.3413 15857.94 1.61E-06
-
3rd EQY-ECC 0 -0.000001309 1791.14 -19372.8843 10269.57 5.77E-07
-
3rd EQY-ECC 0 -0.000001309 1791.14 -19372.8843 15857.94 -3.5E-06
2nd EQX+ECC 0 -1509.5539 0 16385.6965 -2.1E-06 -12390.9
2nd EQX+ECC 0 -1509.5539 0 16385.6965 -3.1E-06 -17100.7
6.48E-
2nd EQX-ECC 0 -1509.5538 07 13710.394 -4.8E-06 -12390.9
6.48E-
2nd EQX-ECC 0 -1509.5538 07 13710.394 -6.8E-06 -17100.7
-
2nd EQY+ECC 0 6.384E-07 2074.41 -34296.7658 15857.94 1.61E-06
-
2nd EQY+ECC 0 6.384E-07 2074.41 -34296.7658 22330.09 3.6E-06
-
2nd EQY-ECC 0 -6.633E-07 2074.41 -21982.7171 15857.94 -3.8E-06
-
2nd EQY-ECC 0 -6.633E-07 2074.41 -21982.7171 22330.09 -5.9E-06
1st EQX+ECC 0 -1657.1977 0 17875.4527 -3E-06 -17100.7
1st EQX+ECC 0 -1657.1977 0 17875.4527 -4E-06 -22271.1
6.11E-
1st EQX-ECC 0 -1657.1977 07 14945.4646 -6.6E-06 -17100.7
6.11E-
1st EQX-ECC 0 -1657.1977 07 14945.4646 -8.5E-06 -22271.1

50 | P a g e
 -
1st EQY+ECC 0 9.684E-07 2292.77 -37604.3917 22330.09 3.43E-06
-
1st EQY+ECC 0 9.684E-07 2292.77 -37604.3917 29483.54 6.45E-06
-
1st EQY-ECC 0 0 2292.77 -23991.4314 22330.09 -5.8E-06
-
1st EQY-ECC 0 0 2292.77 -23991.4314 29483.54 -4.5E-06
G EQX+ECC 0 -1768.5855 0 19078.7288 -4.2E-06 -22271.1
G EQX+ECC 0 -1768.5855 0 19078.7288 -5.5E-06 -30229.8
5.73E-
G EQX-ECC 0 -1768.5855 07 15682.1086 -8.7E-06 -22271.1
5.73E-
G EQX-ECC 0 -1768.5855 07 15682.1086 -1.1E-05 -30229.8
-
G EQY+ECC 0 0.000001003 2457.51 -40195.0817 29483.54 6.45E-06
-
G EQY+ECC 0 0.000001003 2457.51 -40195.0817 40542.36 1.1E-05
-
G EQY-ECC 0 0 2457.51 -25708.6054 29483.54 -4.3E-06
-
G EQY-ECC 0 0 2457.51 -25708.6054 40542.36 -2.1E-06
WELL EQX+ECC 43.0497 19.6431 -4.9555 -183.3471 1195.601 -729.935
WELL EQX+ECC 43.0497 19.6431 -4.9555 -183.3471 1210.467 -671.006
-
WELL EQX-ECC 27.8928 24.5217 67.2647 1054.5262 742.4868 521.0128
-
WELL EQX-ECC 27.8928 24.5217 67.2647 1054.5262 540.6927 594.5778
- -
WELL EQY+ECC 3561.84 27.5934 85.4172 -1721.3957 -20538.3 62354.09
- -
WELL EQY+ECC 3561.84 27.5934 85.4172 -1721.3957 -20282 62436.87
- -
WELL EQY-ECC 3215.47 4.8181 412.884 -7332.8005 -18337.1 56249.26
- -
WELL EQY-ECC 3215.47 4.8181 412.884 -7332.8005 -17098.5 56263.72

Table13: Story Forces .

Story Forces Distribution (Vertical Distribution)

The story forces are calculated based on ACI formulas:
Wx = Weight at level x (KN).
hx = elevation of level x above the base (m) – cumulative

51 | P a g e
 Fx = Story force (KN)

Figure 46: Ft from UBC97.

T = 0.615 < 0.7

Ft= 0.
Story shear, Vx, is the shear force at a given story level and Vx is the sum
of all the forces above that level. Figure 50 illustrates this.

Story forces will be calculated using Excel using the following formula:

52 | P a g e
Fig 47 : Story Forces Plot and table EQY+ECC .

from previous table and plot we can calculate base shear = sum of all story shear
force.

Base Shear =2468.37 KN.

53 | P a g e
 Shear wall and frame design.

Frame design :

Analysis and design will be illustrated for Elev3 as a sample design.

Design sample for Col NO (5) Referring to axis drawing.

Elev3

Figure 48: Plan 1st slab to explain selected frame to be studied.

54 | P a g e
Figure 49:Elev3 Design Sections.

Beams is designed using Overall Envelope Combination.

And Col No(05) is Designed using the ultimate Load Combination found to be UDCons9.

55 | P a g e
Figure 50:Combination UDCons9.

56 | P a g e
 B10

Figure 51:Elev2 M3-3 Overall Envelope.

57 | P a g e
 B10

figure 52:Elev2 S2-2 Overall Envelope.

58 | P a g e
 C05

Figure 53:Elev2 Axial load for columns Comb UDCons9.

59 | P a g e
 C05

Figure 54: Elev2 M2-2 load for columns Comb UDCons9.

60 | P a g e
 C05

Figure 55: Elev2 S3-3 load for columns Comb UDCons9.

61 | P a g e
 Frame Design:

Figure 56: Elev3 Longitudinal Reinforcement Required for frames.

62 | P a g e
 B10 80X32 for 1st slab Design
ETABS Concrete Frame Design
ACI 318-19 Beam Section Design (Summary)

Beam Element Details

Level Element Unique Name Section ID Combo ID Station Loc Length (mm) LLRF Type
1st B72 52 B80x32 UDConS4 350 7900 1 Sway Intermediate

Section Properties
b (mm) h (mm) bf (mm) ds (mm) dct (mm) dcb (mm)
800 320 800 0 60 60

Material Properties
Ec (MPa) f'c (MPa) Lt.Wt Factor (Unitless) fy (MPa) fys (MPa)
24870.06 28 1 413.69 413.69

Design Code Parameters

ϕT ϕCTied ϕCSpiral ϕVns ϕVs ϕVjoint
0.9 0.65 0.75 0.75 0.6 0.85

Design Moment and Flexural Reinforcement for Moment, Mu3

Design Design -Moment +Moment Minimum Required
Moment Pu Rebar Rebar Rebar Rebar
kN-m kN mm² mm² mm² mm²
Top (+2 Axis) -252.9965 0 2986 0 693 2986
Bottom (-2 Axis) 84.3322 0 0 905 693 905

Shear Force and Reinforcement for Shear, Vu2

Shear Vu2 Shear ϕVc Shear ϕVs Shear Vp Rebar Av /s
kN kN kN kN mm²/m
264.0636 137.086 126.9776 50.5723 1574.06

Torsion Force and Torsion Reinforcement for Torsion, T u

Tu ϕTth ϕTcr Area Ao Perimeter, ph Rebar At /s Rebar Al
kN-m kN-m kN-m cm² mm mm²/m mm²
0.0097 9.6412 38.5649 1396.8 1884.4 0 0

63 | P a g e
 Column No05. C70x45
ETABS Concrete Frame Design
ACI 318-19 Column Section Design (Summary)

Column Element Details

Level Element Unique Name Section ID Combo ID Station Loc Length (mm) LLRF Type
G C7 118 C70x45 UDConS9 2090 4500 0.6 Sway Intermediate

Section Properties
b (mm) h (mm) dc (mm) Cover (Torsion) (mm)
700 450 60 27.3

Material Properties
Ec (MPa) f'c (MPa) Lt.Wt Factor (Unitless) fy (MPa) fys (MPa)
24870.06 28 1 413.69 413.69

Design Code Parameters

ϕT ϕCTied ϕCSpiral ϕVns ϕVs ϕVjoint Ω0
0.9 0.65 0.75 0.75 0.6 0.85 2

Axial Force and Biaxial Moment Design for Pu , Mu2 , Mu3

Design Pu Design Mu2 Design Mu3 Minimum M2 Minimum M3 Rebar Area Rebar %
kN kN-m kN-m kN-m kN-m mm² %
4446.1855 -37.7354 127.7834 161.1298 127.7834 3150 1

Axial Force and Biaxial Moment Factors

Cm Factor δns Factor δs Factor K Factor Length
Unitless Unitless Unitless Unitless mm
Major Bend(M3) 0.569541 1 1 1 4180
Minor Bend(M2) 0.72994 1 1 1 4180

Shear Design for Vu2 , Vu3

Shear Vu Shear ϕVc Shear ϕVs Shear ϕVp Rebar Av /s
kN kN kN kN mm²/m
Major, Vu2 8.5559 402.9735 0 2.3405 0
Minor, Vu3 14.3652 404.712 0 71.4705 0

Joint Shear Check/Design

Joint Shear Shear Shear Shear Joint Shear
Force Vu,Top Vu,Tot ϕVc Area Ratio
kN kN kN kN cm² Unitless
Major Shear, Vu2 N/N N/N N/N N/N N/N N/N
Minor Shear, Vu3 N/N N/N N/N N/N N/N N/N

64 | P a g e
 Wall Design Results

Figure 57: PLAN illustrates shear wall.

65 | P a g e
Figure 58:Shear wall reinforcement.

66 | P a g e
 ETABS Shear Wall Design
ACI 318-19 Pier Design

Pier Details
Story ID Pier ID Centroid X (mm) Centroid Y (mm) Length (mm) Thickness (mm) LLRF
G P4 16424.9 13122.9 2100.2 300 0.6

Material Properties
Ec (MPa) f'c (MPa) Lt.Wt Factor (Unitless) fy (MPa) fys (MPa)
24870.06 28 1 413.69 413.69

Design Code Parameters

ϕT ϕC ϕv ϕv (Seismic) IPMAX IPMIN PMAX
0.9 0.65 0.75 0.6 0.04 0.0025 0.8

Pier Leg Location, Length and Thickness

Station Left X1 Left Y1 Right X2 Right Y2 Length Thickness
ID
Location mm mm mm mm mm mm
Top Leg 1 15374.8 13120.7 17475 13125 2100.2 300
Bottom Leg 1 15374.8 13120.7 17475 13125 2100.2 300

Flexural Design for P, M3 and M2

Pu Mu2 Mu3
Station D/C Flexural
kN kN-m kN-m
Top 0.417 UDWalS4 1919.7477 49.7437 -1322.3695
Bottom 0.937 UDWalS18 -1245.3773 -43.7113 -965.9707

Shear Design
Station Rebar Pu Mu Vu ϕVc ϕVn
ID Shear Combo
Location mm²/m kN kN-m kN kN kN
Top Leg 1 750 UDWalS5 1822.8332 1299.4555 428.2598 332.2066 723.1826
Bottom Leg 1 750 UDWalS5 2133.9524 207.969 451.716 332.2066 723.1826

Boundary Element Check (ACI 18.10.6.3, 18.10.6.4)

Station Edge Governing Pu Mu Stress Comp Stress Limit C Depth C Limit
ID
Location Length (mm) Combo kN kN-m MPa MPa mm mm
Top–Left Leg 1 561.6 UDWalS7 3450.4908 -10.9795 5.53 5.6 771.6 466.7
Top–Right Leg 1 561.6 UDWalS7 3450.4908 -10.9795 5.43 5.6 771.6 466.7
Bottom–Left Leg 1 725.7 UDWalS7 4125.1806 425.3968 4.62 5.6 935.8 466.7
Botttom–Right Leg 1 762.2 UDWalS9 4275.078 860.6807 10.69 5.6 972.2 466.7

67 | P a g e
 Structural Details

68 | P a g e
 SECTION 6

FOOTING Design

69 | P a g e
 Footing Design

- Soil bearing Capacity.

300 Kn/m2 for Isolated.
250 Kn/m2 for Continuous.
(Geotechnical Estimated)

Design of footing consider the bearing capacity of soil

and the strength of Reinforced Concrete of footing for
shear and moment forces.

Designer will show sample of design for Isolated Using

Strap2011 footing Design.

ISOLATED FOOTING Design Using Strap2011:

70 | P a g e
F1 design Report from strap:

71 | P a g e