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SENTENCE COMPLETION
Verilen cümleyi en iyi şekilde tamamlayan ifadeyi işaretleyiniz

1.Cars entail a great many expenses ____ . C) because they hadn’t realised how strong they
A) so long as one doesn’t use them excessively were
B) unless one could get a sufficient loan from the D) although one had met the requirements
bank E) until both sides took the opportunity to settle
C) in case a number of people cannot afford them their problem
D) so it’s worth thinking carefully before buying 5a.They live so far out of the town ____ .
one A) even though they enjoyed all the advantages
E) however essential they were thought to be in of city life
business life B) who have lost contact with so many good
friends
C) as one can get there only by taking a taxi
2. Undoubtedly, the life-style we have today D) as long as the land they had bought was
differs radically from that ____ . extremely cheap
A) which our parents know E) that they can rarely go to a concert or a
B) one which had been vividly described before theatre
by various authors
C) because the Industrial Revolution would have
brought about a major social transformation 5b.Once the final draft of the contract is
D) as long as a majority of the people still work approved, ____ .
on the land A) the United States agreed not to intervene any
E) if the government’s wage policy leads to an further
improvement in working conditions B) the members of the two delegations would
have worked out their differences
C) it will then be typed and submitted for
3. Unemployment continued to rise during the ratification
first half of the decade, ____ . D) the next stage was to estimate the costs
A) even if the workers could have received E) a number of concessions were to be made by
additional fringe benefits both sides
B) as the rate of inflation will go up accordingly
C) while most companies would have been badly
hit 5c. As the miners have called off the strike
D) but thereafter stabilised at about six per cent ____ .
E) despite the fact that the volume of exports A) the daily coal production had increased
cannot be increased considerably
B) the Coal Board is prepared to reconsider the
proposals of the union leaders
4. After the new law comes into effect next C) if the chairman of the Coal Board expressed
month, ____ . his satisfaction
A) there will be a radical change in the structure D) there would have been a sense of relief
of local administration nationwide
B) we should have prepared the way for a smooth E) the extent of the dispute was being ignored
political transition
C) the policy on industrial relations had to be 5d. ____ I don’t think it will be able to hold
abandoned off an attack of the rebels.
D) all the hospitals in the country had been made A) As Bosnia drawing to its close
accountable to the Ministry of Health B) Until more troops were mobilised
E) the case may have been reconsidered C) Wherever there are skirmishes along the
frontier
D) Since our allies had promised more
5. It is not wise to come between two people reinforcements
____ . E) Unless the peace keeping force gets adequate
A) that they were both interested in the same reinforcements
post
B) who are quarrelling 6. ____ we will not stay away from the basic
policies that our party has always upheld.

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A) When the polling, which had been heavy, was 11. However relentlessly they pursue this
over policy of austerity ____ .
B) Although we are bitterly disappointed at the A) we would be determined to withstand any
outcome of the recent elections political pressure
C) Which party got the majority of the votes B) the country would have benefited from it
D) Even if they had had a landslide victory enormously
E) Since the results of the elections came in so C) the masses were deprived of the opportunity
slowly to improve their living conditions
D) the Opposition had denounced it vehemently
E) they will never manage to put the economy
onto a better footing
7. ____ the judge would almost certainly
have been more lenient towards him. 12. Even though the Security Council has
A) Despite the fact that he forged the title indeed imposed various sanctions on the country
B) If only we could bribe one of the witnesses ____ .
C) Had he admitted his part in the affair from the A) the other member countries were in principle
start opposed to them
D) While our lawyer was negotiating the terms of B) most of the people had been forced to leave in
settlement with their lawyer dire distress
E) Because the legal procedures make this C) it doesn’t seem likely that they will have any
unavoidable effect at all
D) nothing good had been gained out of it
E) the United Nations has ratified it
8. ____ such a restrictive policy is likely to
cause a lot of damage. 13. Many people take it for granted ____ .
A) As soon as the new managing director took up A) whether they realised just how serious the
his position drug problem had become
B) Should the monetary situation have B) that the new interest policy has contributed to
deteriorated the greater degree of stability in prices at this
C) In case the receipts turned out to be forgeries period
D) Just as the world economy was picking up C) why no survivors were found
E) As far as the long term interests of the D) how all receipts and papers concerning the
company are concerned transaction mysteriously disappeared
E) why the other passengers had absolutely no
9. ____ that most of the evidence submitted comment to make at all about the accident
by the plaintiff could not be sustained.
A) In his appraisal of the case the lawyer 14. ____ , Huddersfield was one of the few
reminded us textile towns that continued to grow in the
B) As was expected the witnesses were brought twentieth century.
into the courtroom A) If the government lifted the sanctions
C) The judge himself has been accused B) Since its trade was both flexible and varied
D) The trial has lasted long enough C) However unpopular the scheme had seemed to
E) The final verdict has still to be given many
D) As soon as the industrial revolution got under
way
10. So long as certain countries continue to E) Just as many industrial areas are competing
shelter terrorists ____ . with each other
A) the hope of preserving international security
was sheltered 15. Smallpox inoculation became popular
B) the United Nations should have taken suitable ____ .
action against them A) that eventually this disease would have been
C) the government had taken the matter to the completely wiped out
Helsinki Conference B) even though the success rate, according to
D) the chances of eradicating terrorism recent statistics, is still rather doubtful
unfortunately remain silent C) even if it had not been a fatal disease that
E) their aims would have been publicly brought death to all levels of society
condemned throughout the West D) however unlikely one is to come in contact
with the disease

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E) only after Janner’s discovery that the less B) there have been angry debates about the
dangerous cowpox material was an effective necessity for it
immunizing agent C) these people aren't able to afford medical
advice
16. The helicopter has the ability to climb D) everyone realised that these were all
vertically, ____ . fundamentally, political issues
A) even though the winds were blowing at gale E) many doctors would feel that the transition
force had been extremely painful
B) if it can take off in a very restricted space
C) which, in certain circumstances, is its main
advantage over other types of aircraft 21. _____ you get magnificent views of the
D) whenever the pilot felt himself obliged to make oak-covered slopes of these coastal mountain
a forced landing ranges that rise up from the Pacific.
E) if the cost of its upkeep hadn’t been a heavy A) If only the new road had been opened
burden on the budget B) As they headed for San Francisco
C) However unfairly the state of the roads was
being attacked
D) Even though a great deal of money went into
constructing the road
17. ____ , if any one party decides to ignore E) As you drive along the coast road
the obligations it has undertaken in the
treaty. 22. Dramatic changes have been taking place
A) Obviously, very serious problems will arise in the United States _____ .
B) They may have rejected the offer A) ever since non-European immigrants began to
C) They were obviously determined to be present pour into the country
at the opening of the talks B) until new regulations concerning immigrants
D) The last speaker was quite adamant on the were introduced
need to resume fighting C) which started at the turn of the century
E) The observes may have been very upset D) some of which would have been regarded as
harmful
E) as soon as World War II ended
18. ____ who played a unique role in the
revival of the ideals of classical antiquity 23. One of the best suggestions was put
A) There is still a lively debate going on among forward by Dr Johnson _____ .
scholars A) that the managing director was especially
B) Dr. Davies lectured on the Renaissance impressed
C) He then went on to explain why such B) who is generally the quietest member of the
Renaissance figures board
D) Leonardo da Vinci also lived in the Renaissance C) though the financial demands might be difficult
E) Petraich is rightly regarded as a humanist to meet
D) unless it was approved by the committee
19. ____ , even though many countries are E) before any one else has time to make any
stepping up their own production. contribution to the discussion
A) This is just one of many developments in
international trade
B) England still imported a great deal of tropical 24. Darwin’s theory of evolution was based on
fruit the observation _____ .
C) Turkey's exports of fruit and vegetables will A) while amassing evidence for 25 years in
have dropped sharply support of it
D) Steel remains an important item on B) why many people of his own age were
international trade reluctant to admit it
E) By the end of the month figures concerning C) whether his insight really was revolutionary
the dollar reserves will have been processed D) that all individuals of the same species are not
identical
20. Before the national Health Service Act E) since the multiplicity of forms seemed
came into force in 1948 in England, ____ . unending
A) the funding of hospitals was a major issue in
home politics

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25. Although the effects of the famine have E) unless the management agrees to accept their
been made worse by the political instability in claim for a 60 % pay increase
the country _____ .
A) the West would have shown its sympathy in a
most generous manner 30 . ____ some of America’s most innovative
B) it was beyond the power of any government to architects set about rebuilding it in a bold
undertake the responsibility style known as the “Chicago school”.
C) a fair distribution of the available food will A) After a great fire destroyed much of Chicago in
have been achieved 1871
D) so one disaster was naturally followed by B) While Chicago was soon to emerge as the
another literary capital of the United States
E) food is now being distributed wherever it is C) Because Chicago has traditionally been
needed regarded as “the great laboratory of American
democracy
26. _____ , but it is not the only one. D) As immigrants from many European countries
A) Newspaper prices have risen dramatically in had settled in ethnic enclaves in Chicago
recent years E) As long as Chicago remains the gateway to the
B) Most diseases are caused by germs and bad rest of the nation for food products and
hygiene industrial opportunities
C) Technological competition is a serious problem
for the book industry
D) The printing press was invented by Johann 31.The company will need fewer office
Gutenberg in Mainz, Germany in the fifteenth workers ____ .
century A) since some were looking for jobs with other
E) The judge rebuked the witnesses for their firms
disrespectful behaviour during the trial B) when the computer network has been installed
C) as long as the sales continued to increase
D) in order to discuss ways of combating
27. _____ that they will be made redundant unemployment
once the office has been computerized. E) even though the current economic recession is
A) They called off the strike likely to continue for another six months
B) The board of directors discussed the matter
fully
C) The management adopted new marketing 32. Earlier this century, Chicago acquired a
policies reputation for colourful politicians,
D) The prospect for the company looks rather newspapermen and gangsters, ____ .
gloomy A) simply because commerce has been the key to
E) Most of the staff are certain the city’s development
B) just as today Chicago remains a city of close-
28. If your boss asked you to take an extra knit ethnic neighbourhoods
work without more money _____ ? C) even though the city has become a centre for
A) have you discussed the matter with him meat products
B) would you agree to do so D) but its cultural life was less well known then
C) why do you think he may have suggested this E) as it is located at the conjunction of the Great
D) what was the reaction of your colleagues Lakes and the Mississippi River system and
E) will you resign at once surrounded by the productive farmlands of the
Midwest
29. Construction workers will go on strike
next Monday ____ .
A) that they negotiated for over five hours and 33. Though the term “human rights” is of
were unable to reach an agreement with the recent origin, ____ .
management A) there are certain actions that are never
B) so long as the only solution for a settlement is permissible and certain freedoms that should
an independent enquiry into their working never be invaded
condition B) after 1933 the Western world realised that it
C) because the two sides have done their best to was living in an age of totalitarian dictatorship
settle their dispute by bargaining far worse than old monarchic absolutism
D) in case the workers were asked to compromise C) natural rights can be seen in their origins as
and accept a pay rise of 20 % claims that everyone naturally makes

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D) some politicians claim that any doctrine of 38. As heavy rain had been forecast for the
human rights must be in some sense a area, ____ .
doctrine of natural rights A) record harvest are expected this year
E) the idea itself can be traced back through John B) they would presumably cancel the excursion to
Locke in the seventeenth century to the great the ruins in the valley
philosophers of classical antiquity C) I can’t imagine why they neglected to take all
necessary precautions to avoid flooding
D) farm labours would have to work overtime and
34. As unemployment is currently a major weekends
social issue, ____ . E) the resulting floods caused widespread
A) the strikes have really crippled the industry hardships
and, consequently, the export of manufactured
goods has come to a standstill
B) the measures introduced had little effect on 39. If only they had realised that our supplies
the improvement of the country’s economic were running out ____ .
performance A) the crisis might still be avoided
C) its worst economic effects have been partly B) those in charge could put the matter right
softened by the government’s introduction of C) nobody could appreciate the gravity of the
unemployment compensation situation
D) the economic prospect was far from D) there were reinforcement ready to be sent out
encouraging they would most certainly have done
E) people are not working as hard as their belief
in the work ethic indicates that they should be 40. ____ that least affects the behaviour of
companies, investors, shoppers and workers.
35. When a firm wants to fill a vacancy, ____ A) The inflation rate has been reduced
A) there are always staff who want to leave for B) The best inflation rate is the one
various reasons C) The article concerning inflation maintains
B) the candidates have all been required to write D) The price index has raised so much
an essay on the current economic situation in controversy
Europe E) The outcome of the recent economic reforms
C) the applicants were invited for an interview has received much praise from the public
before a committee of specialists
D) it is essential that future managers must be 41. The new longer-acting drugs promise to
trained as thoroughly as possible protect asthma patients for up to 12 hours,
E) it usually puts an advertisement in a ____ .
newspaper A) even though medical authorities had been
36. ____ , he refuses to accept any of their concerned about the side effects
suggestions. B) as long as the results of this research project
A) Even though the committee members had are confirmed within the month
approved the plan in full C) so that they can sleep better at night
B) While the speaker considers politics to be the D) since the findings have not yet been
art of persuasion thoroughly studied
C) Since he is so prejudiced in this matter E) which could have proved to be a most
D) Because the discussions at the conference remarkable medical breakthrough
would have included a wide range of issues
E) if they told him that he had to make up his 42. Before Freud shed light on dreams and
mind as soon as possible extraordinary role of the subconscious ____ .
A) the relationship between stress and dreams
would surely have been recognised
37. ____ how much this Finnish director’s B) there are many who have grasped their
films manage to communicate. significance
A) You didn’t show any reaction C) many traditional ways of interpreting dreams
B) It really is surprising are being analysed
C) The audience was suddenly startled D) educated people often regarded dreams as
D) The dramatic cough is an instance meaningless and pointless
E) There are certain advantages with black and E) many great writers still draw on the principles
white movies of human psychology

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43. Our first impression of the new director

was distinctly favourable ____ . 48. Though Hong Kong used to be one of the
A) though we were sorry to see the old one go world’s most alluring shopping centres, ____
B) unless his manner was more formal than we .
were used to A) competition seems to be growing even keener
C) however reluctant we are to go along with the B) this was no longer the case
new policy C) it might have remained a fashionable holiday
D) until the efficiency of his methods can be resort
established D) others did not share this opinion
E) that he was determined to restore the firm to E) it is now one of its most expensive
its former glory
49. I would naturally have felt extremely
44. ____ , it was not long before they could disappointed ____ .
resume broadcasting. A) since he must have been by far the best
A) If only their permit had been renewed applicant
B) Once the fault in the system had been found B) unless the competition has had very few
C) So long as the electrical supply remains stable entrants
D) Since the maintenance team were on leave C) even though the two teams were
E) However unwelcome the delay might be extraordinarily well matched
D) if they hadn’t sent us an invitation to the
45. Before Freud shed light on dreams and concert
extraordinary role of the subconscious, ____ . E) as the first prize went to a racist author
A) there are many who have grasped their
significance 50. The speaker from China has pointed out
B) educated people in particular regarded dreams ____ .
as meaningless and pointless A) so that preserving agricultural land is his
C) many traditional ways of interpreting dreams government’s primary economic policy
are being analyzed B) that terracing the soil is one conservation
D) the relationship between stress and dreams method used widely in his country to control
would surely have been recognised erosion
E) many great writers still draw on the principles C) since urban renewal has completely changed
of human psychology the look of the cities in his country
D) as regards the fact that a handful of industrial
46. ____ until Thomas Paine published The nations monopolized deep sea fishing until the
Common Sense and sparked off the American early 1970’s
Revolution. E) while rich tropical forests are vanishing at the
A) George Washington considered himself a loyal rate of some 11 million hactares a year
British subject
B) Idealism hasn’t often been a determining
factor 51. The overall quality of life in today’s world
C) Voltaire’s influence would have been more cannot be improved ____ .
pervasive, A) just as population growth would strain the
D) That was a period of radical change in all global urban environment
spheres B) while the underdeveloped countries were
E) They were the people responsible for shaping ignored completely by international agencies
the national character of the United States like the United Nations and the World Bank
C) as the population of that part of the world rose
47. ____ that scientists are now sending out from 800 million in 1960 to 1.2 billion in 1985
“e prints” instead of preprints of unpublished D) unless the developed countries are prepared to
articles. offer a helping hand to the underdeveloped
A) Prior to the internet, it was not possible E) whenever the OECD declines to support a
B) One change that the advent of the internet has series of projects for the development of
brought is poorer countries
C) The internet has indeed opened many doors
D) The benefits of technology should not be 52. Some avalanches move no faster than 40
overrated kilometres per hour, ____ .
E) Among academics, technological advances A) while others have been estimated to have a
attract less attention speed of about 300 kilometres per hour

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B) even if the damage they did was minimal E) Africans have shown that they want multi-
compared with the destruction caused by party democracy and are beginning to achieve
hurricanes and earthquakes it
C) despite the fact that snow lying on a steep
slope is always liable to avalanche 57. The Nazi occupation of the Netherlands is
D) for the wind sometimes reaches a force almost best known to most of us through Anne
equal to that of a tornado Frank’s diary, ____ .
E) so that in such areas measures may be taken A) even though another significant record of the
to prevent large avalanches era was made by Dutch photographers, both
professional and amateur
53. ____ that treatment policies suitable for B) while the Dutch government had banned the
one age group may not be justified in publication of all newspapers
another. C) since most of the Jewish population in the
A) A controversy immediately arose country were prepared to emigrate to the
B) The article has considerable originality United States
C) A recent study into cholesterol levels suggests D) that her description of the atrocities committed
D) They had fully convinced by the enemy has provided historians with
E) The implications were not at first realised valuable details
E) when her parents had hidden her in the attic of
54. ____ how intimately and lastingly blacks their house
had affected American life throughout history.
A) Thomas Jefferson, one of the leaders of the 58. ____ , the U. S. population, now 266
American Revolution, had opposed million, will increase to 400 million by 2050.
B) In his paper of slavery in America he A) Although the governments have encouraged
demonstrated with impeccable scholarship large families through tax reduction and
C) Whites in America have always objected welfare subsidies
D) In colonial America, Virginia was the largest B) Even though the growth rate has been among
and most populous colony where the highest of the developed world
E) The American slaves, often subject to arbitrary C) If current trends continue, and they seem
punishment, learned to be hypersensitive likely to do so
D) Since the birth rate has now outgrown the
country’s agricultural capacity
55. ____ , but most of them don’t see a E) Because stringent measures need to be
doctor because they think it’s something they introduced to reverse population growth
just have to live with.
A) It was reported earlier in this decade that
about one third of all patients had received 59. The elderly gentleman sitting over there is
treatment for impotence an artist ____ .
B) Over 200 thousand men have received proper A) whose many articles about their commitment
medical treatment to the cause of human welfare and happiness
C) Impotence is something we have learned to in Africa would be controversial
deal with B) that he shares the vision of young people for a
D) Urologists and other doctors have always been peaceful and prosperous world in the next
concerned with impotence century
E) Impotence affects over ten million men C) whose work has been exhibited widely in many
nationwide countries in Europe
D) since his awards include gold and silver medals
56. Though free politics and free-market presented by various organisations
economics go most happily together, ____ . E) whereby he had unanimously been elected an
A) no new aid would be approved for six months honorary member by the Society of Modern
B) they could no longer blame the colonialists, Arts
who had withdrawn from America two or three
decades before
C) five years ago, dictatorships proclaiming 60. He pointed out that the issue was simply
socialists policies prevailed in Africa ____ .
D) one does not necessarily lead to the other, nor A) in case the surgery recommended was
guarantee its success approved by the medical board
B) whether surgical intervention was right for this
particular patient

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C) when the patient has been admitted for an C) the economy ought to be able to withstand a
emergency operation recession
D) to what extent the treatment recommended D) the Euro currency could stand up to so much
for this particular patient has been successful criticism
E) why the medical board is expected to refuse E) fiscal transfers across European nation states
his appointment were of minimal importance

65.____ , there will be a notable decrease in

Since these new printers weigh less than 900 theprofits of most businesses.
grams, ____. A) If people start to spend less and save more
A) they really deserve to be called portable B) However efficiently the inflation was curbed
B) their performance is invariably admirable C) Had these reasonable measures been
C) most people have been misled by their price introduced earlier
D) they were readily available at all the best D) Before the financial situation could be fully
retailers understood
E) the research team has already moved onto a E) Though the leading economists had started to
new project grow more hopeful

61. ____ that he has exaggerated the

problems of the health-care system, using
misleading arguments and deceptive 66. The changes in the legal system are
statistics to support his case for reform. finally being regarded with approval ____ .
A) He was being interviewed by a group of A) whenever there is a series of unsolved crimes
journalists B) until another wave of crime spread across the
B) Many experts and policy makers believe country
C) This is an extremely radical suggestion C) because recently there has been a definite
D) Under the present circumstances most people decline in the crime rate
are encouraged D) while the police force itself is dubious about it
E) The report ignored the leading question E) as if there could have been some other
feasible alternative

62. Many Egypt’s ruins are unfortunately

being destroyed by the very people ____ .
A) whose living habits had been depicted in the 67. A new generation of business leaders is
monuments coming to the fore, ____ .
B) that actually aren’t trained conservationists A) whether the state continues to meddle in
C) who will ask for international funding corporate affairs
D) that is the result of faculty renovation B) whose methods are more vital, more
E) who were hired to fix them international and more aggressive
C) who aimed to impress international investors
D) which was realistic about the importance of
63. Unless the Central European countries can economic growth
keep their labour costs at this level, ____ . E) so that they work to gratify not politicians but
A) exports are already starting to drop their own shareholders
B) they haven’t been able to compete with
Western Europe
C) unrest in these countries would have been 68. Unless they promise to use some of the
unavoidable money to improve career prospects for young
D) the finished products will have to go up in scientists, ____ .
price A) the issue under discussion has been dropped
E) a firm control of distribution and sales has not B) there were a number of things we had to take
proved adequate into account
C) no one else thought of opposing the scheme
64. While businesses and stores have started D) the money left over from donations could be
to perform well and make profits, ____ . included
A) only a crack in the stock market was to be E) we feel we cannot give our support to the
feared campaign
B) inflation and unemployment have been held in
check

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69. ____ , Japanese firms moved the more E) However costly the construction of new
intensive phases of their production process irrigation systems may have been
to cheap labour sites in East Asia.
A) As production cost in Japan had become 74. ____ that the first women's college was
excessive founded in England as early as 1849.
B) Unless the working day is kept at eight hours A) To be fair, what I recommended was
C) Once the trade unions in Japan have won a B) I wouldn't have been at all impressed
few more victories C) It was owing to the ceaseless efforts of Mrs
D) So long as a reduction in costs remains the Raid
primary goal D) Victoria had been queen for twelve years
E) If interest rates in Japan had remained high E) He showed little interest

75. ____ we review our recruitment

procedures.
70. Since some food lose popularity rather A) As long as the problem received adequate
quickly, ____ . recognition
A) the best age group to aim at would B) Such a problem can not be ignored
undoubtedly have been teenagers C) Even though it was becoming increasingly
B) many such companies actually went bankrupt obvious
C) the industry has constantly to be ready with D) What I would recommend is that
fresh ideas E) In case they were disappointed with the new
D) in the end it was the need for collective manager's performance.
bargaining that was understood
E) the job didn't offer him anything interesting 76. ____ a great many alarming theories are
sure to spring to the fore.
71. Though the construction of a bridge A) Before the truth had been verified
across the river would doubtless prove B) Even though his death had almost certainly
popular, ____ . been from natural causes
A) the technology to be transferred is quite C) If several perfectly natural explanations had
suitable been put forward
B) eight councils would have been committed to D) Whenever there are anonymous terrorist
arrange it attacks
C) similar designs are on view everywhere E) As soon as this admittedly unpleasant incident
D) it will not be easy to raise enough money to do got forgotten
it
E) it is a German-Japanese consortium that gives 77. ____ I would never have felt the need to
the orders read them.
A) Whichever of these modern plays he may
72. ____ , a committee will be set up to decide to direct
determine just how to turn the museum into B) Unless some books on the care of house plants
private non-profit corporation. are given to me as a present
A) As long as there were no rival claims C) However many cookery books my husband
B) As soon as the board has approved the project may care to give me
C) However much disappointment it would have D) Until I saw him intently reading those sermons
caused them E) If she had not written so enthusiastically about
D) If such a crisis could have been avoided the diaries of Scott of the Antarctica
E) Whoever managed to deceive you
78. ____ she did not turn seriously to writing
73. ____ , their environmental consequences until after her husband's death in 1883.
are very disturbing. A) Although Kate Chopin had previously
A) Whatever high-yielding variety of wheat is contemplated a literary career
recommended B) Since Kate Chopin had been thinking about a
B) Because traditional Indian food is of high literary career
nutritive value C) As far as Kate Chopin's interest in literature
C) Though artificial fertilisers ensure high crop- was concerned
yields D) Once Kate Chopin had decided to live the rest
D) Since new agricultural policies have been of her life in New Orleans
introduced by the government E) However much interest Kate Chopin's short
stories have aroused

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84. The authorities intensified their

79. Iron deficiency is one of the commonest investigations into the smuggling of nuclear
causes of anemia ____. material _____ .
A) since even in a good diet the supply of iron is A) that the police had received a tip-off to this
only just adequate. effect
B) why adolescent outgrow their stones of iron B) until they found evidence of radioactivity
C) which would result in brittle nails C) immediately after the radioactive plates were
D) though new ways of treating pernicious found
anemia were soon introduced D) if any other explanation could be found
E) as numerous iron preparation are available for E) even if there have been several cases of
treatment attempted plutonium trading
80. Pharmaceutical companies are unlikely to
develop a vaccine for an uncommon disease 85. If aluminium is used in place of steel in
like leprosy ____. bridge construction, ____.
A) how early diagnosis could help A) this would be especially suitable in long-span
B) so that pressure would be put on them bridges
C) if the choice had been given to them B) resistance to atmospheric corrosion had been
D) until the various charities were informed better
E) that can be treated with drugs C) there would have been a reduction in
maintenance costs
81. At concert halls, the centre of the stage is D) erection and foundation costs will be lower
increasingly being taken over by E) there has been a considerable increase in the
percussionists ____. safe volume of traffic
A) who were trying out a wide range of new
instruments 86. ____, so the introduction of metalworking
B) that there is now a vast array of instruments made trade with the outside world inevitable.
C) whose performance showed amazing virtuosity A) Compared with those of the iron age, stone
D) who used to stand at the back of the orchestra age tools were very primitive
tapping out the rhythm B) Many ores, such as copper and tin, are not
E) so that a great range of new musical sound found in all countries
was being developed C) The "bronze age" is a term used in prehistoric
archaeology
D) The chemical processes involved in the
82. Unless a country can establish the fact smelting of ores were not as complicated
that its economy is sound, ____. E) Subsequently the knowledge of metalworking
A) only the very rich have risked their money must have spread among the less advanced
there communities around
B) the world's public and private lenders alike
refuse to extend bonds 87. In 1922 Hemingway settled in Paris ____
C) trade-agreements were rarely made in its .
favour A) whether he would be awarded the Nobel Prize
D) the industrial projects there did not receive in Literature in 1954
adequate backing B) if the life of a journalist hadn't attracted him
E) even an abundance of mineral resources could even more than the life of a novelist
not have saved the situation C) that he wrote stories and novels about the
Americans living there just as Henry James
83. Because a relatively high proportion of had done
bread is included in the daily food intake of D) since he soon gave up journalism for fiction
most peoples, ____. E) where he moved in a circle of American
A) the main ingredients have always been flour expatriates that included Ezra Pound and Scott
and yeast Fitzgerald
B) it would be subsidised in many countries
C) there are several other methods of producing 88. Since Samaranch assumed leadership of
it the International Olympic Committee, ____ .
D) different shapes were being evolved to provide A) any disagreements at meetings had been
some variety leaked to the press
E) it is of considerable importance from the point B) he has done much to raise the prestige of the
of view of diet Games

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C) his policies conflicted with the principles of the D) taking over the job of a much-loved and
ancient Olympics highly-respected manager is not at all easy
D) the present situation concerning the 2002 E) his proposal actually wasn't either particularly
Games calls for urgent action original or even feasible
E) this was the first time he talked about his
resignation
94. The doctor has prescribed some new pills
____ .
89. Since the cleaning up of the pollution of A) which really do bring relief from pain
the seas is so expensive, ____ . B) if we could afforded them
A) the project had progressed as expected C) even though she requires them regularly
B) large corporations would offer contributions D) why the others had ceased to be effective
C) the question of liability inevitably arises E) that had just come onto the market
D) excessive care provided the answer
E) the final result has still to be analysed 95. ____ when some groups of the population
become wealthier while others become
90. ____ that his play “The CrucibIe” was a poorer.
cry of protest against the anti-Communist A) Consumption will depend partly on the real
zealotry of the McCarthy era. wealth of individuals
A) Arthur Miller had been seriously misunderstood B) A high standard of living is enjoyed by all
B) Among the modern American dramatists it was C) Income distributions become more equal
Arthur Miller D) Practically all the income transferred to the
C) Arthur Miller himself always maintained poor will be spent on necessities
D) Arthur Miller has been widely read E) Inflation affect all members of a society
E) As far as Arthur Miller is concerned

91. Though the word "democracy" is often

used, ____ . 96. As biologists continue to study
A) they are basically quite different from each interrelationships of living systems that
other inhabit our planet, ____ .
B) we had agreed on a definition A) metabolic reactions occur continuously in
C) majority rule and minority rights went back every living organism
even further B) an expanding human population and increased
D) it means different things to different people consumer demand for energy, homes and
E) it has been argued that democracy and an highway are causing the rapid destruction of
advanced level of civilization go together vital ecosystems
C) energy is required to maintain the precise
order that characterizes ecosystem
92. ____ , the current flows steadily in one D) research in molecular biology and genetics has
direction, and this is called directed current. led to new insight into disease processes
A) When a battery is connected to a circuit E) they enhance our awareness of impact on the
B) Though the electric plugs have still to be environment
checked
C) As electrical energy can easily be transformed 97. ____ , it should not be assumed that a
into other forms of energy theory is "proved" by testing.
D) Whenever the supply of electricity to homes A) Whereas many people think of science as a
and factories is cut off mechanical process of collecting facts and
E) Because the electric wiring has been specially devising theories
designed to carry heavy loads B) Although the testing of theories is a
93. Unless he gives people a chance to get to distinguishing feature of science
know him better, ____ . C) Since physics is one of the major branches of
A) he would have been misunderstood by science
everyone in the company D) When the history of science tells us that long-
B) he won't collect enough support to win the held theories are replaced by new ones
election E) Insofar as the careful carrying out of
C) everyone got dissatisfied, and it showed in experiments is a crucial part of scientific
their work activity

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98. Whenever we pick up a newspaper or turn B) after their pay claim is granted
on the TV, ____ . C) that working conditions are not
A) there are, of course, numerous non-economic improving fast enough
forces that determine and mould our decision- D) even if the union hadn't offered any
making process support
B) there are clear lines of demarcation between E) which is due to start next week
economics and politics
103. The evacuation of the World Trade
C) it is natural that economics constitutes a
Center towers might have been easier -
significant percentage of our media coverage
----.
D) generally politics is defined as the art of
government and, as such, is seriously A) unless some of the steel columns had
concerned with economics been heated beyond their melting point
E) we are likely to be bombarded with facts and B) since in some places stairways are
figures on such subjects as pollution, required to be in different corners of
tall buildings
unemployment and inflation
C) if the multiple stairways had not all
99. People sometimes wonder ____ . been in the central core of the building
A) because the richest sources of vitamin A are D) so long as effective fire-proofing had
foods of animal origin such as liver, fish oil, been installed
milk and eggs E) after so many of the offices had already
B) in case a shortage of vitamin A was not the been vacated
main problem 104. After he had learned my side of
C) that, in the typical western diet, about half of the story from Molly, -----.
the vitamin A was not the main problem
A) his apologies are obviously worthless
D) if the eating of liver too frequently can cause
B) he phoned me to apologize for his
vitamin A toxicity
attitude
E) just as most foods with vitamin A activity are
brightly coloured, often yellow or orange C) I don't even want to listen to his
apologies
25. 100. Some large-scale manufacturers D) he's still too proud to admit he behaved
have retail shops of their own -----. badly
A) where consumer buying can be studied E) it will obviously be better to forget all
at close quarters about it
B) as if the true cost of advertising
became more difficult to assess
105. Despite the great concern for leadership
C) before a new product is sold all over
and the large volume of writings about
the country
it, -----.
D) unless some firms carry out regular
surveys throughout the region A) leadership is a topic of interest to many
people
E) though sometimes the advice of an
agency was sought on the packaging of B) this is hardly a comprehensive
the article definition
C) it was too vigorous a definition and
101. Kerrich carried out exhaustive
didn't reflect the common sense notion
experiments in probability -----.
of the term
A) until the coin has been tossed a D) older children would actually follow his
thousand times lead
B) if he had been arrested when the E) there is relatively little agreement
Germans invaded Denmark about what it is or how it functions
C) whether the coin toss is truly random
106. Though every industrial
D) while he was interned in a camp in development project is a potential
Jutland for the duration of the war source of pollution -----.
E) that he has been acclaimed as one of
A) air pollution would clearly have been
South Africa's leading mathematicians
the most dangerous of all
102. The manual workers in the B) this didn't mean that industrial
automobile factory are threatening to development had to be radically
go on strike -----. reduced
A) if they do not receive an adequate pay
rise

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C) careful advance planning can minimize C) The Enron fiasco has shown that ail is
that pollution and its effects on the not well with the governance of many
population big American companies
D) such benefits as reductions in crop D) Harvey Pitt has been appointed the new
losses would help to offset the costs of chairman of the Securities and
pollution control Exchange Commission in the US
E) the dangers of pollution are everywhere E) In Congress, politicians are engaged in
recognized an investigation of Enron's managers
107. ----- that basic evolutionary 111. ------ where they ate mosquito
processes in the future will differ larvae and so helped prevent malaria.
substantially from those in the past.
A) British engineers regarded these canals
A) The breaking up of habitats will create as "dead rivers"
populations B) The people of Bengal still talk of digging
B) Nobody had thought to ask themselves canals across the Ganges delta
C) They are carrying out a study of island C) Indeed irrigation gave a much-needed
biogeography boost to declining agricultural
D) There is no reason whatsoever to production
assume D) The dam prevents ail silt from flowing
E) The argument was further supported downstream
E) The flood waters even brought fish into
the fields
108. despite the claim of his lawyers
112. Though coral reefs are among the
that his statements had been made
richest ecosystems on the planet, -.
under "highly coercive conditions".
A) they grow in crystal-clear waters that
A) John Walker refused to reveal the
contain hardly any nutrients
secrets of his life in Afghanistan
B) nutrient uptake is closely related to the
B) The American Taliban, John Walker,
degree of movement in the sea
had been denied bail by the court
C) the rough surfaces are what make this
C) John Walker, the American Taliban,
possible
came from a humble background
D) they are also skilled at recycling
D) John Walker was indicted by a federal
grand jury E) changes in turbulence accurately
predicted the rate of nutrient uptake
E) John Walker played a leading role in
Taliban activities 113. -----, there just wasn't enough
evidence to convict him.
109. Though some scholars argue that -
----, others say that the beginning of A) If the trial had been postponed to a
the 15th century saw its real rise. later date
A) by the latter part of the 12th century B) Since almost nothing the accused
most of the literary conventions of himself said could be substantiated
Urdu literature have already been well C) Though he seemed extremely reluctant
established to sign the statement
B) the 12th century was the time of the D) Even before the judge had finished
great religious movements in India summing up the case
C) Urdu literature dates back to the 12th E) Although everyone was convinced that
century Smith had committed the murder
D) most of the literary writings in India in
114. In his annual report, the
the 12th century consisted of religious
accountant failed to clarify the position
tracts and allegories
and explain -----.
E) most Urdu poets in the 12th century
turned to romances and narratives of A) why expenditure had been in excess of
heroic deeds the budget
B) whether the budget really is unrealistic
110. -----, to whom they report.
C) what procedures will have been used in
A) A growing body of evidence does banking
indeed suggest that Enron was a case
D) that more serious aspects were being
of bad management
overlooked
B) In theory a company's auditors are
E) which items in particular are being
appointed independently by its
reconsidered
shareholders

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115. Environmentalists are not often

fond of dams -----.
A) which had been built for both energy
and irrigation
B) though two negative ecological forces
cancelled each other out
C) unless the dams actually held back a
vast sedimentation load
D) since they frequently trap migratory
fish
E) that failed to preserve their biological
variety over the years
116.Today more than 100 million
people have a breathing problem -----.
A) if only the rise in asthma cases has
stopped
B) that asthma levels are dropping in
those born after 1985
C) which costs $6 billion a year in the US
alone
D) unless they prefer not to admit it
E) since exposure to antibiotics while in
the womb is generally regarded as a
further irritant
117. The clarinet solo at the start of the
movement provides the theme -----
A) if the sense of longing were once more
brought to the fore
B) that unifies the whole work
C) once the slow tempo had been re-
established
D) until yet another ecstatic climax was
reached
E) that the work begins quickly and
harmoniously

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