GROUP 4

Work Environment Monitoring

 The employer shall maintain and control the working The employer shall carry out the WEM in indoor or other
environment in comfortable and healthy conditions for workplaces where hazardous work is performed and shall keep
the purpose of maintaining and promoting the health of a record of such measurement which shall be made available
his workers. to enforcing authority.

WEM shall mean sampling and analysis carried out in

Safety and health personnel shall have adequate training
respect of the atmospheric working environment for the
and experience in WEM
purpose of determining actual conditions therein.

WEM shall include temperature, humidity,

The employer shall commission the BWC / OSHC
pressure, illumination, ventilation, concentration
/ Regional Offices or other accredited
of substances and noise.
institutions.
Industrial hygiene is the science and art devoted to the recognition,
evaluation and control of environment factors and stresses arising in or
from the workplace, which cause sickness, Impaired health and well being,
or significant discomfort and among workers or among citizens of the
community.

Industrial hygiene is primarily concerned with the control of

occupational health hazards that arises as a result of or during
work.
SAFETY PRACTIONER/
SAFETY OFFICER OCCUPATIONAL PHYSICIAN

MANAGEMENT AND
EMPLOYEES
1 ANTICIPATION

2 RECOGNITION

3 EVALUATION

4 CONTROL MEASURES
ANTICIPATION
Review of chemical and physical
characteristics

Review of work practices and work

conditions
Identification of Work Health Hazards

CHEMICAL HAZARDS BIOLOGICAL HAZARDS

Any chemical that has been classified Any virus, bacteria, fungus, parasite,
as hazardous or for which relevant or any living organism that can cause
information exists to indicate that it is a disease in human beings. They can
hazardous. be a part of the total environment or
associated with certain occupations

PHYSICAL HAZARDS ERGONOMIC HAZARDS

Multidisciplinary activity dealing with
Problems relating to such things as
interactions between man and his
noise, vibration, temperature extremes,
total working environment elements
radiation, illumination and pressure
as atmosphere, heat, light and sound
extremes.
as well all tools and equipment in the
workplace.
EVALUATION
Determine the magnitude or extent of the health hazards

Evaluation methods

QUANTITATIVE
QUALITATIVE
CONTROL
MEASURES
a process of conception, education,
design and implementation of
beneficial interventions and changes
carried out that reduces, minimizes,
eliminates, decreases or downgrade
hazardous conditions.
The correct recognition and careful
evaluation of the hazards are
extremely important and will constitute
the basis of appropriate control
measures.
 Methods of Environmental Monitoring

1 2 3
Work Environmental / Exposure / Personal Biological Monitoring
Area Monitoring Monitoring
Methods of Environmental Monitoring

is the measurement of contaminant in the workroom. This helps pinpoint work

areas with high or low exposure levels of contaminants.
Methods of Environmental Monitoring

Preferred method of evaluating worker exposure to airborne chemicals

Worker wears sampling device that collects airborne contaminants wherever he
goes, whatever he does.
Methods of Environmental Monitoring

involves the measurement of changes in the composition of body fluids, tissue or

expired air to determine absorption of a potentially hazardous material.
If the WEM is conducted by the employer, the
LLCO will validate the credentials of the person
who performed the WEM and the calibration of
the equipment.
If the WEM is conducted by the accredited WEM
provider, the OSHC will validate the reliability of
the results.
Refer to the TLVs in the OSHS in evaluating the
results of WEM
 Continuous Monitoring
Hazard Identification
and Review

Risk Assessment Documentation and

Reporting

Selection of Monitoring
Methods

Implementation of
Monitoring

Data Collection and

Analysis

Implementation of Control
Measures
 GROUP 4

XII.

HAZARD CONTROL
Where are controls used?
Controls are usually placed:
1. At the source (where the hazard “comes from”).
2. Along the path (where the hazard “travels”).
3. At the worker
EFFECTIVE CONTROLS protect workers from hazards;
help avoid injuries, illnesses, and incidents.
Help employers to provide workers with safe and
healthful working conditions.
TO EFFECTIVELY CONTROL and prevent hazards,
employers should:

Involve workers, who often have the best understanding of

1
the conditions that create hazards and insights into how they
can be controlled

2 Identify and evaluate options for controlling hazards,

using a “hierarchy of controls.”

Use a hazard control plan to guide the selection and

3
implementation of controls, and implement controls
according to the plan.
The hierarchy of controls is a method of identifying and ranking
safeguards to protect workers from hazards. They are arranged from
the most to least effective.
To ensure that level of security occurs, construction area
supervisors must vigilantly publicise the proper signs and
have them displayed throughout the zone to ensure the
safety and well-being of all employees.

Highly visible safety signs can help prevent injuries and

ensure that all staff and visitors are aware of any dangerous
hazards. Without signage on construction sites, employees
could be left unaware of risks and employers might find
themselves in significant legal and workplace health and
safety trouble.
PROHIBITION SIGNS - WARNING SIGNS -
CAN’T DO HURT YOU
Entering these areas can be hazardous for When the hazard or hazardous
many reasons, but one sign can alert conditions aren’t life-threatening, a
workers of all of the reasons to avoid the Warning Sign lets you know you could
space. still get hurt.

MANDATORY SIGNS - EMERGENCY

MUST DO INFORMATION SIGNS -
This construction signage tells workers
SAFETY FIRST
they must wear their gear while in the If injured on the job, these signs point
area. employees the way to assistance.

DANGER SIGNS - FIRE SIGNS -

KILL YOU FIRE EQUIP
If a Danger Sign is present, workers know
the possible dangers and that they are not Equipment to extinguish fires will be
to enter the area for any reason unless nearby the location of these signs.
they have received the training necessary
to handle what risks they might encounter
there.
Personal protective equipment, commonly referred to as "PPE",
is equipment worn to minimize exposure to hazards that cause
serious workplace injuries and illnesses. These injuries and
illnesses may result from contact with chemical, radiological,
physical, electrical, mechanical, or other workplace hazards.

This is to protect employees from the risk of injury by

creating a barrier against workplace hazards.
1081 General Provisions:

1081.01 1081.02
Every employer must provide workers with All protective equipment shall be of
necessary protective gear and safety approved design and construction
barriers at their own expense to guard appropriate for the exposure and the work
against hazards that could cause injury. to be performed.

1081.03
1081.04
The employer shall be responsible for the
No person shall be subjected or exposed
adequacy and proper maintenance of
to hazardous environmental condition
personal protective equipment used in his
without protection.
workplace.
Employees required to use PPE must be trained to know at
least the following

How to properly put on,

When PPE is necessary
take off, adjust, and wear

What type of PPE is necessary

Proper care, maintenance,
Limitations of the PPE useful life and disposal
Unguarded Machines
Falling/Flying Materials
Slippery Floors
Temperature Extremes
Noise
Extreme Pressure
Chemicals
Electrical
 Head Feet

Eyes Body

Face Hearing

Hands Respiratory
Needed when employees are exposed to hazards that have
potential to cause a head injury.

Examples of Hazards:
Flying objects
Falling objects or materials
Working near exposed energized electrical
equipment.
Working around or on scaffolds.
Working at construction site
Impact Protection
Type I- Is designed to protect only against object
falling from straight overhead, hitting the hardhat on
the top.

Type II- Is designed to protect against blows on

the top of the head as well as side impacts
Electrical
Class G & E Helmets provide limited protection,
as outlined in the ANSI Z89.1, 1997 standard.
Class G helmets are proof-tested to 2,200
Volts.
Class E are proof-tested to 20,000 Volts, but
these should not be construed as safe
contact voltages. Class C are not tested.
 Safety Helmets
Color Code Guide
Check prior to each use for cracks, damaged
suspension and chalky appearance (UV
damage).
Be aware that stickers placed on hardhat
can conceal damage

Replace as necessary

Do not store in direct sunlight

 Needed when an employee work presents the potential
of causing eye injury from physical, chemical, or
radiation agents
Examples of Hazards:
Machines
Lasers
Heat
Impacts
Tools
Flying Particles
Electrical work
SAFETY SPECTACLES OR GLASSES

are primary protective devices

intended to shield the wearer’s eyes
from flying and striking objects, glare
and injurious radiation hazards

GOGGLES

are primary protective devices

intended to fit the face immediately
surrounding the eyes.
Needed when work presents the potential of causing
facial injury from physical, chemical, or radiation agents.

Examples of Hazards:
Splash Hazard
Flying objects/particles
Electical work
Contents under pressure
 FACE SHIELD

is a protective device intended to

shield the wearer’s face, or portions
thereof from striking objects or
chemical, heat and glare hazards.

WELDING SHIELD
It provides a fixed-darkness or auto-
darkening viewing portal so you can
concentrate on your work without your
eyes being damaged by flash burn or
errant sparks.
Needed when work presents the potential of causing
hand injury from physical, chemical, or radiation agents.

Examples of Hazards:
Absorbing harmful substances
Sharp objects capable of causing cuts
Chemical or thermal burns
Electrical work
Heat Resistant
Cut Resistant
Rubber
Welding (Leather)
Chemical
Needed when work presents hazards that have potential
to cause a foot injury

Examples of Hazards:
Falling objects
Rolling objects
Piercing/Cutting injuries
Electrical work
Chemical exposure
Steel toes
Electrical resistant
Chemical resistant
Must be ANSI Z41 or ASTM F2413-05 approved
Needed when work presents a potential for
contamination or injury to other parts of the body such
as legs, arms, back, chest.
Examples of Hazards:
Heat
Splashes
Hot/cold metals and liquids
chemicals
Electrical work
Radiation
Lab coats
Aprons
Chemical resistant sleeves
Tyvek suits
Coveralls
Arc Flash Rated
Needed when the average (over an 8 hour period) noise
level of an area reaches 90 decibels.

Examples of Hazards:
Mechanical rooms
Construction sites
When working with machinery/power tools
Ear Plugs
Ear Muffs
Canal Caps
Needed when work presents an inhalation hazard.

Examples of Hazards:
Working with uncontained chemicals.
Working with highly toxic chemicals.
Working in dusty environment.
Welding
Painting
Dust Mask
1/2 Mask
Full Mask
Powered Air Purifying Respirator (PAPR)
Supplied Airline Respirator
Self Contained Breathing Apparatus (SCBA)
Do not use PPE if it is damaged and in need of repair.

It is the responsibility of the employee to make their

supervisor aware as soon as PPE becomes damaged so that
new PPE can be obtained.

Do not attempt to repair PPE.

 GROUP 4

Developing a Construction Safety

and Health Program
A set of policies, procedures, and practices aimed at
preventing workplace injuries, illnesses, and deaths.

Ensures compliance with safety regulations and

promotes a safe working environment.
 ALWAYS SET SAFETY AND HEALTH
COLLECT HAZARD CONTROL IDEAS
AS THE TOP PRIORITY

LEAD BY EXAMPLE IMPLEMENT HAZARD CONTROLS

IMPLEMENT A REPORTING SYSTEM ADDRESS EMERGENCIES

PROVIDE TRAINING
MAKE IMPROVEMENTS

CONDUCT INSPECTIONS
 Core Elements of an OSH Program
1. Management Leadership
Management provides the leadership, vision, and resources
needed to implement an effective safety and health program.
Management leadership means that business owners, managers,
and supervisors:
Prioritize worker safety and health as a core value.
Commit to eliminating hazards, protecting workers, and
improving safety continuously.
Allocate resources for a strong safety program.
Demonstrate and communicate safety commitment clearly.
Set an example through their own actions.
 Core Elements of an OSH Program
2. Work Participation

Worker participation means that workers are involved in

establishing, operating, evaluating, and improving the safety
and health program. All workers at a worksite should
participate, including those employed by contractors,
subcontractors, and temporary staffing agencies
 Core Elements of an OSH Program
3. Hazard Identification and Assessment
Collect and review information about the hazards present
or likely to be present in the workplace.

Conduct initial and periodic workplace inspections of the

workplace to identify new or recurring hazards.

Investigate injuries, illnesses, incidents, and close calls/near

misses to determine the underlying hazards, their causes,
and safety and health program shortcomings.
 Core Elements of an OSH Program
4. Hazard Prevention and Control
Employers and workers cooperate to identify and select
methods for eliminating, preventing, or controlling
workplace hazards.

Controls are selected according to a hierarchy.

 Core Elements of an OSH Program
5. Education and Training
All workers are trained to understand how the program
works and how to carry out the responsibilities assigned to
them under the program.

Employers, managers and supervisors receive training on

safety concepts and their responsibility for protecting
workers rights and responding to workers reports and
concerns.
 Core Elements of an OSH Program
6. Program Evaluation and Improvement
Controls measures are periodically evaluated for
effectiveness.

Processes are established to monitor program

performance, verify program implementation and identify
program shortcomings and opportunities for improvement
 Core Elements of an OSH Program
7. Communication and Coordination for Employers on
Multiemployer Worksites
Communicate the hazards present at the worksite and the
hazards that work of contract workers may create on site.
The employer shares safety information with everyone on
site, including contractors and temporary staff. Contractors
must follow safety rules and report hazards, while staffing
agencies ensure their workers understand safety
procedures. Effective collaboration among all parties is
crucial for maintaining a safe work environment.
 GROUP 4

Reporters:
Maria Kharissa Baling

Yvonne Jane Bongay