be ae Og
(DUET
DHAKA UNIVERSITY OF ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY
GAZIPUR-1700Ondinany differential equction ‘ "
a Diddenerhal eyestion cA Lplenentinl equation is an equation which
Tnvelves derivatives. : \
Dideranbal equation ana Unidad tote tuo dass es
G) Ordinary Upfarenhel equecion Une.”
Hon Lenten
Gi) fartial d}berential equation onder
Degree «
Example! ae ant
49 45ye0
pce
Ordinaty dif henentiel equation : wy
An onkinany Ubfercentiel equation (9 one tn ubtch thene is
only, one Tadegendanrt variate. $4 hat. all denivetives occunmcing
ta the equetion ane .ordtnany .
ety Othe stely of Arereate recehion ob chemierly
Parfitt ae pts of Skog ane ake
Sane
The defhnerbel aquetion which contain soo on more |
independant variables and ponte denivabies with cuspeck dh
tum is called a poctal differential eqastion «
ISoe FS SE SR
vi
Onder and degnee +
Oren + The onden of = Aifferonfial equation | the,
orden of the highest derivative invalvsd
Femi; ta onder 4
ri
at onden- 2
A(t = “3 [orden 2°)
af -its 3 se = Celen a
: — . Aa @ srap Ga “Bondar ae =m car ew
Game ara onda -& mae |
Degree: “Me degra ok k Lip fenmtal “egustioy ie the
power, of the highest lunvale after the
rr ae Paes
2? + ae + ln’ “|e tates de
o +E om
+ ghee foe
wg Tips. adiere “G
ef) - Aarts m
=> 2anke dar
Am Age pin—_ aa SS eS
Are cen abl®
2 ~NCe pee
Gorm savcoetins Epes
Sol Geiven equation , i \y or
rylde + (842) “
a agl aw
a (one rye - 3
2? Bie ee Ad
=) Sri : an ly:
Hy) dy 7 Ae
> was 9
\ds ‘ :
akon git ¢ = ¢b -
Tote e teacie a fs - | Se be,
ae ‘
: ub
Pee ae) [Mee
Sides 9 And. [seh teat,
oe a feger
SF TOs By
le fe 2
tae _ 4m" tHe Poe
BN ery oe ec any nae:
z2 eae
ee
a yi - age 2
R eh LA ( Sa) BE
eg Fo Ht
9 see Ato .
a aa (sa-1) = iy a Ans:
aHoH Sve A adage dh toto lyse
\n: Goren
ade gvyit od Tear dy =o
> * 4 Fay =
ear oY
Tobege sting Both a
nd : : :
=o 4
) is = SS -
La 1 .
27 - “
" r ° | Cl
Byrds - der ogee Vn) dy mr, |
a ZrL fey =F
‘ “soy b
ee 4 free = [aq -mW
78 Sloe os (any) dy = da Gy,
S|":
— Th equetion may be written as ,
4
=: se (ery) —— 0
Now, Spbegreting Beth side we get,
a | (ieee a al ie
SEas
1
r
2
Ma
"
°
A
HK solve y (ir 1) heres) Cox) ty 20 Go ®
SAl Tha given enki con be wonthe as -
SUEY +7009
a
49-year) .
ade o* Ca-m =o —® +3 ‘| peda Li (9-9
437 GU) a Se.
: age an UY
lh ey eS Ga,
ae ‘ , :
Frey
2 + avo
a —
wey 9
Sron 24h @ we ot.
“ f (go)
vey of 6
‘y 4 Cre’)
ae vir 9)
4 4g Ite
wv vd-v)
y tvt &
% dy lav
von Veg Ue
2 y dey Vt Ve a At Ve
ay reySSS
&
vr iy
Se ae so eo &
ee we
a . ys a
! Sepanating- vane aLks , We at te oe ee
\~<
da a Ire” dy =0 Bae! ,
9 ve pes
Trbegnating, we get,
"kn y op ta (one perard OTs oak oe
CK is
Pi y(vtd)ae
2a bredee voaasnase eo
a3 Eliminate anste alg
Ee "1. nit : 2m
| ba jum ye eke &
“soln ay Cen '
x : : :
=z ewe —s
. an $55
So Lek ee = 2 (t+2*)
an
2 £T(ereh
4 z 2%
-4% CRATE
: du 4
eee er
ae eet
cy
. de :
potig Meo ar weal OO, oct
=i oe ; rs
ey TR og Ars, reyainnd
i
eaeSoin, S Guder ay?
Te
age eye 4,8 +N
> Digenanbectiag tooth shes: wnt x a,
- 39 eae pepe ty am
a pores “
to eS
Bo ennbteh ach be we
3 Le gaa
AYRAV +7 ew >
dav . daw . -
. es
ath ee ~aygrr—2=0
wz r
Find tae Libleaedial jog og -* ‘i1 S0lve Cary)” (a4 40) =%9 (Gan
Sol, Gutan, b
rasa es) = 0H)
@ dea +e :
on, da we
ay Cr
both she case
ee) a
(3k) aa
aay
, rs
‘\tan9
pee an
As deo dey)in
FBackegnedt:
Se 449) da =
A
; By naa ae
a hye = 7 a
cohtch Fa) Pha negated 40
Bap y sy i on
Soe Segenadhing ‘vanwble we ot, 5 Cate)
sgnety dn ]e)
ie) alriea +V) fen a
a (4499), ot (tea) :
Ss hie ab ieres D)
4 . (a “x=
HAL aN Gn Spryesy
Of
Sou
“tote att any
ows, Integnation gid & : ‘
: ysay sc Galera.
whitch ie pw raguined so\etoy ,
Losivn s
EQ coston)
wb dgsing) Qed ery
‘ tecHemegeneous tenction s+
= Gene
wn
—
| definition, A-unction toayy ig cath called a homegenecus
|
|
duvet of He nt drgnae if Cty) SP Gua),
xl erdy is a homogeneous qunchion sof 4th degree since :
y+ 5 Ch) ty = 44 Cate andy
= WAG)
He Solve (aM yyy ~dyly =o”
Sof":
Homrqenesus equation A atta e MOa,9) dn N(n,
/ a 4 : \ \ +N (ny Ya
G 4
is tot) h be home qeneotes if “ |
it tan le ond
pak in Hue ‘Asam! A. ‘ ‘ *
Bice PD
‘ mt ¥ Gor
‘when, qrant :
¥ G5) ane hngencas odie ob the same
degree Gry, n).-e ;
A Solve Gira") da - tay dy =o ay
SM Gace,
(He) da — try dyso oats") Ine aay)
ee ' Oo
' nm Day
Us,
Yon ‘ : roy
% 8S vege
de
See ve ade —@®
da oo
using @ fa, equation © sb seb, :
mR
veo ae ae
eae
8 Pre
3 ven om = puis
da Av
ty no savy
a ee orm
” Moe
2 ade a bt ;
ms “ha (7-1) sp ab, Ska
3 La (de --1) pda = Ane
5. (Te -t) =e
‘ Taye % = 4,pow
Soins
FAK Solve e cosh ty sink )y = Cy sinkh x00 Sm
ZS re :
ats vag AS .— © Lf
an
wing @ ia, equation @ ste get.
dv ve Cunatint 28").,
ve Vee
Vane cr K Gun siow = % cosy)
‘ v (vaio 27
se
Vsiqn —
W siny HY Ow
MsinN — COSN
aaa Wobniv Vey ys
ee ;
ax Vsiny = CoS ‘
wWsiny + Viesy
Vsinv- tosy’
Dad no aM uw :
: y
Visinve was
2 avesv dee % CVday- eos) dv
Bin, 2 VSinartesy 4
E mS veo
D AAR2. Che 3) bv
dg
ar
“the gion equehon may be onion as, oo
as aot) Wg
ne : ae
Kg tinea % 5) oy
Lek, ‘ . ng| pannel
In Sssv = alma ire an 2
244 ge
ae
Vv
a! séeews vre
Do sec®Y a ~,
eR SS
deck = ge = “peal
{fe
HK Solve ay? dae ay). rdy = Gy
St fhe giren equrtion com may Le swontter as,
é wav ) gD Hews
dy Bee
In aa
ta, ya VA :
waa
5 abeve® Ay =O E f
an
i MRE gad ok:
Using w in eqash 0 2
vy be
Nati ae wavy)
coV
y
|e
g
+
{t
<
v
é
‘a
aoe [-av~
oo, oe
ite t-av
9.08 vey
Tndegnatiag , We aoe
M3 We) thoy
a : bn cau
eleges a an
> x(vd- ; ” :
(wav) se ry. =. ca WE te,
4 ere * m~ —
Pa(B-aye m
2» aa) sete te
ye x9 “6
,cL
(rr 2ay =yY) dnt (94 aay -n',) diy XO
Tht
3 4 can be uniter as
ee =
do 4 Ney V6 —_—O
bpiryea® «
7 gen
Po wenn de 7.
vii @ 4° O "
ven dy -p Ace ty — AA
aa
I nn
og at eve VEO ee
Jw oe
5 VIR
My yoaee vt aoe
walg t Ve
a VARIAN
S es a Pevvevebl
So 4
Vteve |
DA av vScnayet =
ae oe _ Merny Gar
; wn wave |
vipavel
5 eo - (Gee
wee |
: ove
: ‘ a we eT yy
errs) Cay) :
Labphlion 9
Anne Aa Coy 42 CY) iat
ae ere
WI
a rerD= ecvtt)
a3 %®e aye ¢ R41) oeE quckion reduetble f+ “homogeneous “fron +
a
ote
getig geath; yo yeh wer gah
dy! athe yok 2 |
dv nha YoK te
Now, we will choose hand k such thab
h-K-2 = 0, “h+k+b =6
which on solving gives mise +e,
he-a, Ken4q.
Now, ay! o
dnt
Let, ,
ven! dv nieve
“WW alavn’
S van’ dy (i-v)
ne (sy
by a! dv —
da! 1aAV phat
y dy vee =or, tay 4 tev
Ve 2 dp. ave
Y 2 ele)
| Tele gushes, we have,
= Gy dv = (teav-v) dx’
De I+v = ee 2 :
a »
1
Trtegnating we get,
a wer gtav
Va
Wes)
5 & tn vy Yavel) ic Any thane’
=> dn (Vari) Abe = doe
te
3 den tr (VFN) phan = ae
> (eave): Wise. :
Gt
a Grete e 4 Kae,
wm ie
4 ye a'g’— * = ey
He solution is giver Ly, le met,
fe yey
a
Now rapleecrg n’e ang and ye dq :
i
\\ 3 Cony Lose) (yrq) - CaraJe= e
.Hk Solve (ax-7y- 9) 2 = by - P47 [O79 dar Cem
Solul{on:
Je. See
a On-Fy-5
polling acalth, yeudtk , whine hard by ant som toytelt,
ren, dy dy’
dn dx’
And de given equation heames,
By '— Fo + (Ok th+4)
dogs
“ae an —F4'-+ Gh-7k- 4) ( }
dhe h,K such Hoh, cee
ah-7JkK-9 = ©
aK-ThAty = &
by delving this weatl,
het, KEO>
vo bel Sale bY [howe mow |
dw On’ 49/ @0
Gk, ,
e+ nye wal, 4 :
= byl 2 vege dy
2 = VAT, —i@
“hd
io 2g" O we orf
pet thee using @ fo
vy, vent de BEM IA gong
dn Slay) Say
or Ee BT Ay 2 etna
; eee
vy
Peony FR An’ -}v
Sees Saw A, US Ere )e
a wW1) i Nel vert
Inte gna tne Bee
Ne gna ob, mat
Dlegnl a — aitog Cont) Blog en rbae -
a Blv-iy*Pvany® a
cg yyy ! ois
- EN oo +U) (+ yore
, yle ta! :
on,(9 ov) (uv tn’) Be
ay, nal |
(nny Tara” = é
_ £29 “be-Linear Ueffenenbial equi t
A dilferuntil equation is sail fo be Unsere 19 the Hepner
dependant vatalb-y and Hs danduelives ocean only 9 the Sins
degre and ant not mul Hpk spyethen. The Liza depfenrbal |
equation of Te’ fist onder is 25 tre fem
:
Bary=8 [tes ap de gta =
on seabel : |
pa Selvin prowstine: — Multipl ging. both silk eb 2 eye
by \-. : red
Tolegrmting Jacko pp fP
ole ' sk ; 4 i 1 7 a
[ral : 1 onden GF soy9r Cs) cra fix’ ae |
© Ges bene be yry=5 were ater xe
Goma 42 Ga ” ie biti cs
ae GAL GS ag 9 more shor
@ ~asar y ta “g a :
) 2 2 Pm Fares Sane (oF) ee
“AS, ROY Gh 7 ee. eek :
© Far Gi wei , .
wag We PMO tn ume CT age
- (AGP Anbesnedien if ya
bo mtien ata erm
bo ‘ maa CPP.
/AK Solve > da yay =F
SEE taiven,
xa \
The difbenntal eq” is, nde ayer? ON
S . i
2 fay asad —(@
an
Wee plan a heal [ Rites ¢
* Serger me AVE]
The integnading actor GF) 42 thie, given by,
7 dn as
Tho oe = cx = cea =n
From ef” @ we have ,
wt ye of
ae (ax) tac ; [Gare
_ an
Tntegeating both sik. se get.
re Jat dnMeas solve A (2! Ba yo
‘ot mi Ge mem
Sof!
~
Jia
Integrating Tchr ap eg
ot
ett
pedeh ar
us
ub jaq'y at
xe save ( ws") ay = (hily-% dag ote Tee
’ Sola: San Fine ghee ft can be writen eo fale = J teu |
dm pw = ai" aay = pel fate |
yy ae 40Y ea
meh = chet te
L, Tabardig Seehs VL dy jb nebi'ge ila dy ay
ape se
ser 'y aaa
oY seh ask, gap rey
$e, bay (i sa) 5% ie Ee ane fe
2 oa ae Ta" |
a hel . it ably 1
2 a jos
Trdesntien yial
a hay -|*# aay, wey Wy
Jaoe,
Had Solve ;
Sinan { 4% ) - yr tan
Sit aie 4) :
given equation can be enitber ay
d cote
SD Y seen wn: Sy
Si
The
sii _ $nme , Se
> 2 yee tr > com a gain mA
gly ain ae —O
ty ~ ;
\ tela
LN dabegne tig daehe dF =
ie a
he the E eset
6 En = en {4 “ERE =Sabshtuding | fc tean in fhe lofyml on dhe wighf de ed the
Uds
yy iS
cd f= tom
2 iene = fe Ute seem AL
24 ‘ :
3» > = Bye +
>» = fon tt
an
Lye chan mn [Fs]
an gr
a sole enti a 18,
so] The integ na Hing, Jectm opie 3s a
~~ +.
DP = elle
=< ches
ne
=o"
=y°
Now,
ye any sage ta 9?
cr
yo) ek
a 4 wr)=
Now Trkgasting ,
y= J
>aw
22
a ate wt GS
aeAn Solve oy ep Hsing = 4
Soins Gur< .
— ay cosy doe 4 slay ea uh
x
"
3) 44% 24° —9O 9 de 2 sy
Anteg netting Anton.
rhe 4
= a
an
dda
How,
‘ as
Ww
awe Pe
Wea, Tategation Je! Me
a Sane wm
aabing = AHS Ary
solve xt = Ae.
gor solve xlean AB ty = re9% 2 Ty tegnedien yb
boaa “J Feta
Donn = 2 at
Banat )Exact uy se nan Let equestion f
* Mdatndy 6 Arar? Exact “Ra me oT RE ,
am, SH RFs
“ay da ,
“
Gana, J 5 Wes J (nN é x apes ae) lye <
be tonstanf-fa aot
Heid Solve
Ss 4
ee
faeeay) dat (aera dys 0
Sols uy,
Me anP44y and N= 4249-1
SF
oN
Sg 4 oe
am _ aN
<> Ty> ae
So We eqn anact disfeus tal auction
Now
mete 5 (withook actam ta) dye &
4 canton
lysee
> peraan yt JO-9 o
Yeanu
ease
> REL ang TQ 9
Ax
, i Pot
- Me ined dihjove
ee avery? ' a
equation ’KY Solve ( 2 7 2
y Us a ce heal
a zy y > da fe ne a ws ANE LY) 45 = 6
Son
ete
: 2
: a
Hg Gast ant We and? crsny $29
2 3 = 20 1 Ly Caiengy (minora |
uy i
Bae ey Sind
aims coneede wna)
= wosky
an. 2e9— [>
On
_ 29
4 my sion ID
pom = 2S -
oy TOOK
se Me osetion Js anech:
j Capron aden in x) dy =
y
rn
vy asin
hee
ye wig len ay Me = e
(a saaghe | 29 Wy |
mlD— Sany ata e f4n3) _Ma ae
Selva 8 (Say pant S dar (y +9) ly =o
Sa ud,
mM =aldayp203) ah a 9 (uty ae?) dy
S) > 3B = Sig 2 Be lene
& rehe ioe.
29 ee
Se He cepistion i enach *
a mM dx + frees me
Bester
DY atinsivre’) i+] sayty) dy ee
Semsteot- :
? Jere wry eo | riers eau
Yyomst
6 avo n
ee ens aa 9 YF 182)
> pale 4 aul
2 iaxgcpanie eat = 4°
gps reatgt Sgt ae”
*Mot e dy co
Wieewe seve 9 (ing) dee Cray
Soft
ON Bene,
avd, NE n(i-ay)
e 4
we yc) .
QgN =e Ry
Me yt ao” eee ie (eee)
- 2
OM ec ypangn et, “e eey
as .
= ley
oy on a ‘the equator ig one emat
Sey OK
\
Seg
Noe = ag Gry 70 "ay
Ma- Ny
‘ .
fs
ay (ess = I4ry)
'
oy
pa LR ba a, tehgntigg Sect of
Heng, \
0
AE ony ayy
du gian ayh (gee
Now, UL Medn + nity) = 6 Cénaet}
orae Cv Ctvy) da 4 alteny} dy] =
ae a)
2 ae yg OT age
a Gay * ae B49 = o=e
ys
din — 3
. ie+
a 7 sy,
te
z ae
yo ay a
Awa kn
>
ae re]
Any) T ay ‘
, a!
Go za r
b ” 4 -
a7] i) za
ene} Fu a we
: y) dnt
yaaa ance xm) =O
a at
buver,
wy dy De
Joa,
x dx tn dy |
kao)
dat
9
2
ww Antegne reg »
: 9
new, Tategnat woe get
&
an- et,
qo Aty
ay y) gy ae [Ee ent)
Now Jodegrateg om bith ike ho 50h
peefou,
rian cst J (wthed, a deem in gr) 4920
Boose ft
3 ‘4 Say s
Ee \- cae ats dying
York
> 5 seg bas ng =
ee ele— ae
3}: ‘pray an aH tAad = Later
a on) ;
=) An ores dng’ doe [ mnldiplget Hh 7]
G9) ¥¥
2) Aa Eee
AID
“2 (Arey co) Fl
Hea Solve - (2% sia y +o) dane (<3 easy - no?) Ags GC
$l" Mena,
a
me ersiayte
ant Na. gheosy — xe
BY. Mwy 6 3
aan = tony eet Bay 2 Seige
7,
am BM sy fhe 2g ty gaat.
Sy TOK.
ans Hk otf eben Aen Ho 2h
ig ab
E e sees J" 3
yer
re
* say AE Oe
aad
2 Ssiag P=" Oe]Dif enintial “equetion “reductble “fo Lnase Som
(Benny allt 75 equation) : |
- ae n nde
aR Solve T +y eH aI at Sh ae 0)
4am
Solr, Gavan, Bay = al _—@— Oo
@ yt “an '
wl, A os ve
r wr f i
go tet, BRE
and Ane given neuen cela tr,
—9
de Law BH
Ta ! ‘ ‘ ¢
uhh Joo a. Vea’ equation Sine bs Sntgnaing rei
is, cf 2 on
mulplying © by Jd we get
wl Eye gh
an:
d PAGS & ao
tg Gee VS Let
> 2
osTrbegnacky, :
canetting ws
De get the. required colution (s,
ly a gf
awit (Cutie :
lt,
u2n
ave arth cet™
. bu sda
Siete?’
2
4
: ardor ee
veché
2
oF Solve aly = 4 (> Ad
Sop The given epiction cer Be wonton 94,phenefons “Ma selecbln }6.
- ~
rae
an . oe
waa DHE
ie y oy :
pane wor t9
i by = AY
Kx Solve (er) 2 49
50}! \ Gee, wr) -) huay = 0”
aa a . a me
& ny Peel
Dai LR ee =
7) dn (em) joy).
: 7
dy voy 8 a =
a a Be er Qa Dd
oY
-t
5 a yh
2 yo 2 4 ar ane
Sou
¥ Toke if 1 gerne ei
so the, 7 y - an ae eae
which Ts
Unean eqn in Vee 4A. iotagna eg sfecten 1,
ay. 6) Upkes Set wae) ppeatl™
Sk,Tene fone ths: replied sobudton ts
Vv (iw) o a inte.
—=—=
1K
See = (eye :
a tC wo (res ¢
on fo =e 2
Ate Se, 28 y(t aay a (ws) ee
coal dyviding by (a) ve seb
mP)
ite Ant nab =
ay ant Se * $
Toe. Aanly sv,The requined “solution of tha differen Hal gestion :,
aw .
ve “| ” In ah ber) we
3 ton’ yee ew
(M4 t)eze
abl ye payne
Benes) Solve» at + _
Sol?! @ qr x ©
‘are ate» sR 78d. aw
aga (as
Py A BT TH ‘ora VAR
me x mo molhiply AE Grats viySeneg han ora!
Ga Sate Iwar
/
Q-sy!
= {+D4+d% bee .
G D> = [EID FBD FT YD He
(+07 “= (a 2p + 3D 4 Det
(ro) "= jroo FOO we
j- apron a
(1+ dD) 7=ean Right side G mM sina, t054, sina Tae hs
Sia an, wien 2M ~ST2(A we ra aya | ah
Gan a mE, x Resp TTA 77S ay aa
| fis a) DR sop ltinly age | ae omar
| renal EAS acaths oe
| Right skew NR fer iy Bx | Baer ere
uot me ee Fae fe OS,
seek”
(aaa el siq7za,
pas sor (mine RL |
1 Ga FS\
iF
3e > ey ach i
ay Sonmela n-sinn, DW cosn, Minn aT, 2 sinany-
BvR marth & aerly ZaHomogeneous Lincare di} henenhe| aquction of onda n with
canston} eosficient s + :
An ondinany Linsar Aifferential equecion od orden 19/7 ott —eonsbst
ead is a Utffenmbial equation of the forum,
a an : j tan ay 20
a, iw Ts tH “ei Frees ap Anse QT On) Si
. a prt aaa vg
on, ae Dy tar Boy ot eee oh any Dy +.anJ, =
he = ylis_49 7 iyi
Where , by = ¥ cages y= 7
Ye= Complnan-}ary savetion
Yp = Pertiestare fenctin .
So, the general solution = Det Yp
' 4
Note:
aya
tight Gk CMR. 0 ome mwa WE Ve WE
val 1% Guenenal solution = Yereay . ay
Waa Selmer i" sa bal” ble ‘
[ves Dy 7 Sdy Hay 2 Oo =
aid pus
da
Sol") Guan ef”,
Dy Boyt eye 0 -———0
> y (or one2)'=0 re
lt, y= oP besa tal solution: :
oe ma oem g byw wie™
. “ps 1h
=0
<3 2 "
From @ Aurtlany’ 2gh 56 ry = we,
some" 3 meng 22"
a F ( mio ama) O 2 [hm on45]
mw
a me ame nt 2=O0 ' :
3 mn (mea) — 1 (meal) =e
(my (mr) =o
x
Te cals ea]
> mel, We
“tun the onlay” cfanchian )
ii x 2a an ei
mite t oe od Si ies
te =He Crr0- 6g = 0
So(”!
Given sqestin, (M494) y =0
we te a teal” solution i
ut, yee
J (vere 6) SE '
The aurilacy equation is,
3
=
mt m4 =.0
wave va o> °
m mag) EUS) = O
23 (nt) (mea) =
m= 4-4,
Th om Se menteniey Annction 15, Yer
+ The general equetim is) INE
~3n Qn
eye 4 Qe
~o%
a2 + %y%cyt
Hoke 4 “(40 +19) 4 =
Sol”: = mW 4mtld - 6
. Reece woe Bah
Diime 24ol
= Telaravne
: , Bae
tote complorentany sfunehien 35, = 4t. cae
fe
aH =
eee [« tas ont & Sinden | = oe
: = 4405
: a . mS
-. The gerenalr oy” Ve at
* 1: : Yet ,
= 2 fueert & Finan]
gene :wt
ax Solve (0° 9-0 +12) Y=d
sofnt Guten gf. Ces
ut, yea” be a fuel solution. Thun dye aud beng,
Baer eet OTE
equstion 4, m7 ahem ld = 0 . megane pater?
° v Ect ou adi .
2 oes’ (+5) =? mr
2 ent A (m2) (me seh
fome,2),7°9 D 3 s1e9
= : St ts an mK
The complementary) drvetien is, “yy S Z (at we + 32
an
pra general gol? is ya ee - (ete rr tf
thy . ‘ J
[ wober ™ ee
tn ah
ecw Solve e posoe-s) azo 7
sei Gave a} ee L pi 90" ea )gno 1
uae * es solution, The athe ave!
aq’ ts we att om = 0 mo mL gm Gm + Bm 5 =O
‘1 5 oro (m- 1) — im (mI) (mal) =
2B O-1) (me 4m 45) = 0
PP imedy AATEOSEIS 2 1g af
pe
bo thy samplrurbeng ecpfurckion is ye & pe
yee ace ed “Le sat co sion] [rrcitnd
FV TH genena} equation 6
" ms
boys yetpe™ [eemorchea a) |HRM (*- SDP -a)ysor se.
sols Mg ap D- BIB HO
Lb, yo d™ be a Aniol salection . ’
The aunt lary ey” ‘3,
mo Bap Fm == O
, “3 | he wegen mt ome B= 0
35 rv (set) stele ae(mnl) = 6
3 (-!) (7 ~ymrs) = =o
55 a) ( am-m+2) =0
a csp tet °
5 (man (rs) = 8
met d) ®
sci ae
ss (ifr Lae at ese, A
a 13 yey Gite ners ger
@)
gy. be yeaaawe golve (o1420~3) Yy=o-
Sof; Guden’ ef! Oh w- AY +5
Lh geet be a Heil solution, The fhe ovndlang ef
as, wip ante So
x
mig orvam—% = 0
. '
3 oe (ma) ot (%49) =0 |
3 ee) OB) = a
: ame me
on me ti, t 3! oe |
: —_—_——
Se He mplawnbany, geben oncom
in LBM
x -% © 1 ary cos dant by 317
ro qe tat + age o° ( -
ey — Solve pi44)4=0 co
C wn Len a trad) edludions the the avoelany
got: Gh. yee
a ey is, mity =o
2
a (mA (At = o
5 meat ) (me 21) =0
e mead, + LT
@ alata aL (rend
edie SAS Oat Y
i =a fis!) .fon am 1 1s, aon gey si)
The complomartany ‘ “) 7 : (6
on (4 Mn
Je = C :
nw ofuctin 48
. The gene of
ne sin)
(oA
WA rey S0lve (O7 s042 Jye
So|". PB Gren ef" (0-90 +2) y= er
ub, pe e™™ be Frail] sobection | The
moam +2 = 0
mam = melee
NU
men) - idm £0
7.
=> (me) (mt) =e
oom. 272
2
oe yetree
Now, ‘ on
ee ee ree
DH sp42
1 BH
= wy Ce
Be BH Te
ot ee
ai 17
tee He general etd silidion fs
Y= Derr,
$2
ehh Ge ED
avalany eq” is,Kekog (o> ayy =
Sojr, Guven 29” ioerjais or
Lp ge be ow ed cele
& mA o%= 0
3 (mea) (mee) = 8
Me HWA
Then jw punt beng 45
an
or
. Yo ut + yt
ee a (
an
New, 3p = ot ne
pra’
an
! e
rr
= DD:
an
eee
ea) Bea
on
me,
= potas
~ LAN
go, she genertel og solwhim a
“wo Deut
= Ak g%
= qe Ge +
2a (nz)
Men0
me
a
Bit é So fee (P+ a%a9 +1 8
IF.
Sori Gaver eg” (o'r 98 svi dg get
op ge eT be wtelel solution Then he aunt lany ey”.
45 m4 OM er amr! = 0
> Gu i =0 :
me ch ate
\ an
Now, 2y - re
D> 304041 a9
{ %
ee ?
= ery?
“4
yh
- B(DAS Hs 4. ;
{ ees baeiyy
—_
a 6 (D+)
VP gee
Ne ee
ae”
a2 zt
so th gener sh is, ye Det
1 = (ate co a_ ARK Solve (4 29-44) y 2 eho
sols Gv. a
My eh (vary 2 o4e™
UE, ys be ap sof’,
a. ABs, mpomt | = 0
Q web re mmr) =D
3 m(m4t) at (maiy=e
Comoe?
itm 2 wut’
on
eye = (TeDE
Now 1 ate
ap ~ paopt! -
5 eh
a sok
= eee al “py ptt
perry ;
on :
7 :
1 ett 8 ap th
Sport
eae
i, ote
.
trade
eX ACIS Is
a Aewsase
i (0% eo +5)9 = heqou™
sol! UA, ye gm be a tind» solectinn,,
-'. Auxilany er mite k= 0
Dwtm+5m+p 50 ¢
5 m (m+) + puma) =o
=> (mei) Cray =o
-4 -
Z Ye = Gye tye
1 get es?)
Now, =
op = DH Core i
es Pe
! A + 10<
= a wa
= Tyrepr5 7 DECDHS ===
1 oa
ee
Baeoots,
whey
‘Thi general s0| SL ye YorpHAR Solve
i, 1
(buy are™t
St bya ™
yeem be a tol a aes
ee my) = 0
Fz (mi) (of m41) = 0
ome, 7 eIORT 7
. au Es
a io 4!
New, \
1
a, = + eee)
t ber C
- i an
a t tat ae
ga ?,* git 0°
ag ea aa oy ah
| eerie th Een sa Te
le? 4 me Bi oe
(0 a) ae te
am an
2 At Set
a tb 3
“The genenel sil J ye Derr
Wy
2 ( ton asin Gyes Ete “4
oy
ays aetat
wus Solve C499 cose
Given og (S419 = wORA
aai
ef (ey sae esin *)
po i
= ey snr e a0
Now yp = ae
po pal
\ wasn
= 2+
a a
= =4rt ena
Ct de san
a)
so te ge nanel se
gilt geo be actual eet
Not
Rigby ke O
Sign, cnr, Sint, 2%
oar,
Gamat a Tee AHMA-
Qo Ue
pve - eae
cooley 772 at
ort Gah ts FAO
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R matte ape ZA")
. ah 0. am 00 2007] |
pis yo Det OP |
ey srt ez sion v5 tn
ope