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Lesson 3

Helful

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31 views24 pages

Lesson 3

Helful

Uploaded by

jakeabaya5
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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LEARNING OBJECTIVES After completing this lesson, you will be able to: 1. Create a Circle using 6 different methods 2. Create Rectangles with chamfers, fillets, width and rotation. 3. Set Grids and Increment Snap 4. Draw using Layers 5. Control Layers 6. Create Layers LESSON 3 CIRCLE There are 6 options to create a circle. The default option is “Center, radius". (Probably because that is the most common method of creating a circle.) We will try the “Center, radius” option first. 4. Start the Circle command by using one of the following: Ribbon = Home tab / Draw panel / (2) - Keyboard = C O Ten, Tan, Tan 2. The following will appear on the command line: Command: _circle Specify center point for circle or [3P/2P/Ttr (tan tan radius)]: 3, Locate the center point for the circle by moving the cursor to the desired location in the drawing area (P1) and press the left mouse button. 4, Now move the cursor away from the center point and you should see a circle forming. 5. When the circle is the size desired (P2), press the left mouse button, or type the radius and then press . Note: To use one of the other methods described below, first select the Circle command, then select one of the other Circle options. Center, Radius: (Default option) 4. Specify the center (P1) location. 2. Specify the Radius (P2). (Define the Radius by moving the cursor or typing radius) pg Center, Diameter: 1. Specify the center (P1) location. 2. Specify the Diameter (2). (Define the Diameter by moving the cursor or typing Diameter) P2 3-2 CIRCLE....continued 2 Points: 1, Select the 2 point option 2. Specify the 2 points (P1 and P2) that will determine the Diameter . 3 Points: 4. Select the 3 Point option 2. Specify the 3 points (P1, P2 and P3) on the circumference. The Circle will pass through all three point Tangent, Tangent, Radius: 1. Select the Tangent, Tangent, Radius option 2. Select two objects (P1 and P2) for the Circle to be tangent to by placing the cursor on the object and pressing the left mouse button: 3. Specify the radius. Tangent, Tangent, Tangent: 1. Select the Tangent, Tangent, Tangent option 2. Specify three objects (P1, P2 and P3) for the Circle to be tangent to by placing the cursor on each of the objects and pressing the left mouse button. (AutoCAD will calculate the diameter.) 3-3 J OOo RECTANGLE A Rectangle is a closed rectangular shape. It is one object not 4 lines. You can specify the length, width, area, and rotation options. You can also control the type of comers on the rectangle—fillet, chamfer, or square and the width of the Line, First, let’s start with a simple Rectangle using the cursor to select the corners. 4. Start the RECTANGLE command by using one of the following: Ribbon = Home tab / Draw panel / [1] or Keyboard = REC 2. The following will appear on the command line: Command: _rectang Specify first corner point or [Chamfer/Elevation/Fillet/Thickness/Width]: 3. Specify the location of the first comer by moving the cursor to a location (P1) and then press the left mouse button The following will appear on the command line: Specify other corner point or [Area / Dimensions | Rotation]: 4. Specify the location of the diagonal comer (P2) by moving the cursor diagonally away from the first corner (P1) and pressing the left mouse button. P2 Width P41 OR Length 4, Type D (or click on the blue letter “D") Specify length for rectangles <0.000>: Type the desired length . ‘Specify width for rectangles <0.000>: Type the desired width . Specify other comer point or [Dimension]: move the cursor up, down, right or left to specify where you want the second corner relative to the first corner and then press or press left mouse button. 34 RECTANGLE....continued OPTIONS: Chamfer, Fillet and Width Note: the following options are only available before you place the first corner of the Rectangle. CHAMFER A chamfer is an angled corner. The Chamfer option automatically draws all 4 corners with chamfers simultaneously and all the same size. You must specify the distance for each side of the corner as distance 1 and distance 2. Example: A Rectangle with dist! = .50 and dist2 = .25 Select the Rectangle command / Type C (or click on the blue letter “C”) Enter .50 for the first distance Enter .25 for the second distance 1] Place the first comer (P1) Distt Place the diagonal comer (P2) Ppt OgaRYNS FILLET A fillet is a rounded corner. The fillet option automatically draws all 4 corners with fillets (all the same size). You must specify the radius for the rounded corners Example: A Rectangle with .50 radius corners, 4. Select the Rectangle command P2 2. Type F ( or click on the blue letter “F") 3. Enter .50 for the radius. P41 Radius 4, Place the first corner (P1) \ 5. Place the diagonal corner (P2) +“ Note: You must set Chamfer and Fillet back to “0” before defining the width. Unless you want fat lines and Chamfered or Filleted corners. WIDTH Defines the width of the rectangle lines. Note: Do not confuse this with the “Dimensions” Length and Width. Width makes the lines appear fatter. Example: A Rectangle with a width of .50 Select the Rectangle command wt Type W (or click on the blue letter “W") Enter .50 for the width. Place the first corner (P1) Place the diagonal corner (P2) asone 3-5 RECTANGLE....continued OPTIONS: Area and Rotation Note: the following options are available AFTER you place the first corner of the Rectangle. AREA Creates a Rectangle using the AREA and either a LENGTH or a WIDTH. If the Chamfer or Fillet option is active, the area includes the effect of the chamfers or fillets on the corners of the rectangle. Example: A Rectangle with an Area of 6 and a Length of 2. 1. Select the Rectangle command 2. Place the first corner (P1) 3. Type A for Area. (or click on blue “A”) 4. Enter 6 for the Area 5. Select L for length option (or click on blue “L") with 6. Enter 2 for the length (The width will automatically be calculated) pi f-—tenath—| ROTATION You may select the desired rotation angle after you place the first comer and before you place the second corner. The base point (pivot point) is the first corner. Note: All new rectangles within the drawing will also be rotated unless you reset the rotation to 0. This option will not effect rectangles already in the drawin Example: A Rectangle with a rotation angle of 45 degrees. L P2 Select the Rectangle command Place the first corner (P1) Type R for rotation. (or click on blue “R”) Enter 45 Place the diagonal comer (P2) @aeNe 45° a 3-6 GRID and INCREMENT SNAP GRID is the criss-cross lines in the drawing area. The grid is only a drawing aid to assist you in aligning objects and visualizing the distances between them. The Grid will not plot. (Refer to page 1-12) INCREMENT SNAP controls the movement of the cursor. If it is OFF the cursor will move smoothly. Ifit is ON, the cursor will jump in an incremental movement. (Refer to page 1-12) ‘The DRAFTING SETTINGS dialog box allows you to set INCREMENT SNAP and GRID spacing. You may change the Grid Spacing and Increment Snap at anytime while creating a drawing. The settings are only drawing aids to help you visualize the size of the drawing and control the movement of the cursor. 4. Select DRAFTING SETTINGS by using one of the following: Keyboard = DS Status Bar = Right Click on SNAP or GRID button and select SETTINGS. 2. The dialog box shown below will appear. elaetieoomsw|menwlae ll The grid lines can 3 Biewoury neuer be displayed as a was ore dotted line Make changes to the Snap and Grid ‘settings here. — Using your template, confirm that these 3 boxes are not checked and resave your template. 3. Select the “Snap and Grid” tab. 4, Make your changes and select the OK button to save them. If you select the CANCEL button, your changes will not be saved. 37 LAYERS A LAYER is like a transparency. Have you ever used an overhead light projector? Remember those transparencies that are laid on top of the light projector? You could stack multiple sheets but the projected image would have the appearance of one document. Layers are basically the same. Multiple layers can be used within one drawing. The example, on the right, shows 3 layers. snnatctons One for annotations (text), one for dimensions and one dimensions. for objects. cons HOW TO USE LAYERS First you select the layer and then you draw the objects. Always select the layer first and then draw the objects. Itis good “drawing management" to draw related objects on the same layer. For example, in an architectural drawing, you would select layer “walls” and then draw the floor plan. Then you would select the layer “Electrical” and draw the electrical objects. Then you would select the layer "Plumbing" and draw the plumbing objects. Each layer can then be controlled independently. Ifa layer is Frozen, itis not visible. When you Thaw the layer it becomes visible again. (Refer to the following pages for detailed instructions for controlling layers.) 2 SS 8 \Unsaved Layer State HOW TO SELECT A LAYER Cae 41. Go to Ribbon = Home tab / Layers panel Quame Q 6 & Im poRDeRuNe 2. Select the drop down arrow ¥ 0% 8 mp ouces 3. Highlight the desired layer and press the Q 1B MH centeruine left mouse button. Qf @ Bg Deron 043 momension The selected layer becomes the soon “Current” layer. All objects will be 0xae located on this layer until you select 3 Qt A arcH a different layer. ha mh oon ne CAGE omectune Q 2 BB Peano une QA Bruns 3-8 CONTROLLING LAYERS The following controls can be accessed using the Layer drop down arrow ¥. QD Sece BM OBNECT LINE ON or OFF ifa layer is ON itis visible. Ifa layer is OFF it is not visible. Only layers that are ON can be edited or plotted. FREEZE or THAW Freeze and Thaw are very similar to On and Off. A Frozen layer is not visible and a Thawed layer is visible. Only thawed layers can be edited or plotted. Additionally: a. Objects on a Frozen layer cannot be accidentally erased b. When working with large and complex drawings, freezing saves time because frozen layers are not regenerated when you zoom in and out. LOCK or UNLOCK Locked layers are visible but cannot be edited They are visible so they will be plotted. This layer Is ON or OFF (Yellow=On Blue=Off) 7 Se By OSETINE Oi oP Di cenTERUNE Ditch mom se D008 9 ah i Haren Layer Drop down arrow Highlighted layer name indicates the “current” layer This layer is FROZEN (snowtake) Lapaeion (Df ROOF This layer io THAWED re on Lo ecm seerenne This ayer is LOCKED OG mgee, Layer color swatch im ae im vanoow This layer is UNLOCKED ——__| 9 # 3-9 CONTROLLING LAYERS....continued To access the following options you must use the Layer Properties Manager. You may also access the options listed on the previous page within this dialog box. To open the Layer Properties Manager use one of the following Ribbon = Home tab / Layers panel / [4 or Keyboard = LA New Layer Page 3-15 Delete Layer: See below Lineweights: Refer to pages Set Layer Current 3-12 and 3-13 aeneooenonenconel nae L Not Plottable: See below Color: Page 3-11 HOW TO DELETE AN EXISTING LAYER Highlight the layer name to be deleted. . Select the Delete Layer tool. or Highlight the layer name to be deleted. Right click and select Delete Layer Ro Kai gs PLOT or NOT PLOTTABLE This tool prevents a layer from plotting even though it is visible within the Drawing Area. A Not Plottable layer will not be displayed when using Plot Preview. If the Plot tool has a slash the layer will not plot. 3-10 LAYER COLOR Color is not merely to make a pretty display on the screen. Layer colors can help define objects, For example, you may assign color Green for all doors. Then, ata glance, you could identify the door and the layer by their color. Here are some additional things to consider when selecting the colors for your layers. Consider how the colors will appear on the paper. (Pastels do not display well on white paper.) Consider how the colors will appear on the screen. (Yellow appears well on a black background but not on white.) How to change the color of a layer. CCarent layer OBJECT UME gh & eek « & rites Sas | Nae jaga Bh Need Leyes 0 BORDERLINE. la ler epics Pf OIMENSION 4. Select the layer that you want to change. 3. Select the color from the Index or primary color strip. (The color name or number will appear in the color box.) 4, Select OK button a | irra: cr LN ~ B|\%¢2 @ Very & Fes ~ elf setur | Ne = aga a Ge atuedioves lle sorveRLINe la BatcKs le CENTERLINE la __bmenstow Select the Color Swatch or word y— 5. The color selected will appear on the layer line. LINEWEIGHTS A Lineweight means “how heavy or thin is the object line”. Itis “good drawing management” to establish a contrast in the lineweights of entities. In the example below the rectangle has a heavier lineweight than the dimensions. The contrast in lineweights makes it easier to distinguish between entities. 2,039 45° LINEWEIGHT SETTINGS Lineweights are plotted with the exact width of the lineweight assigned. But you may adjust how they are displayed on the screen. (Refer to #4 below) IMPORTANT: Before assigning lineweights you should first select the Units for Listing and Adjust Display Scale as shown below. 1. Select the Lineweight Settings box using one of the following: Keyboard = Iw or Status Bar = Rt. Click on LWT button and select Settings. 2. Select Inches or MM 3. Select Display Lineweight box 4. Click and drag to adjust the “Displayed Scale” of the lineweight. (Note: This will not effect the width when plotted) 5. Select OK button NOTE: These settings will be saved to the computer not the drawing and will remain until you change them. 3-12 ASSIGNING LINEWEIGHTS Note: Before assigning Lineweights to Layers make sure your Lineweight settings (Units for listing and Adjust Display scale) are correct. Refer to the previous page. ASSIGNING LINEWEIGHTS TO LAYERS. 1, Select the Layer Properties Manager using one of the following: Ribbon = Home tab / Modify panel ! |= or Keyboard = LA (one aa ee = 3) eae pay oF a rs 5 mal oa ] seen EMAOAMRERERORGREM 2. Highlight a Layer (Click on the name) 3. Click on the Lineweight for that layer. een 4, Scroll and select a lineweight from the list. 5. Select the OK button. Note: Lineweight selections will be saved within the current drawing and will not effect any other drawing, 3-13 TRANSPARENCY Each layer may be assigned a transparency percentage from 0 to 90 percent. 0 would not be transparent at all and 90 would be 90% transparent. ASSIGNING TRANSPARENCY TO LAYERS 4. Select the Layer Properties Manager using one of the following: Ribbon = Home tab / Modify panel / |= or Keyboard = LA sprees 2. Highlight a Layer (Click on the name) 3 3. Click on Transparency for that layer. 4. Select a Transparency from the list 5. Select the OK button. Controlling Transparent display You may toggle the display of Transparent objects ON or OFF by selecting TPY button on the Status bar. Transparency OFF Transparency ON Note: Transparency selections will be saved within the current drawing and will not effect any other drawing Plotting Transparent Objects Plotting transparency is disabled by default. To plot transparent objects, check the Plot transparency option in either the Plot dialog box or the Page Setup dialog box. This will be discussed in Lesson 26 3-14 CREATING NEW LAYERS Using layers is an important part of managing and controlling your drawing. Itis better to have too many layers than too few. You should draw like objects on the same layer. For example, place all doors on the layer “door or centerlines on the layer “centerline” When you create a new layer you will assign a name, color, linetype, lineweight, transparency and whether or not it should plot. 41. Select the Layer command using one of the following: Ribbon = Home tab / Layers panel /| or Keyboard = LA 2. New Layer tool ie nee ee \— 4, Features Teen amede Teles [eseers 2. Select the New Layer tool and a new layer will appear. 3. Type the new layer name and press 4, Select any of the features and @ dialog box will appear. Features: Refer to the previous pages for controlling and selecting color, lineweights and transparency. Refer to the next page for Linetype. 3-15 LOADING and SELECTING LAYER LINETYPES In an effort to conserve data within a drawing file, AutoCAD automatically loads only ‘one linetype called “continuous”. If you would like to use other linetypes, such as “dashed” or “fenceline”, you must Load them into the drawing as follows: aoB & Bie «2 aga Gh sted ayes Freer 1. Select 2. Select the LOAD button 3. Select a linetype. 4. Select the OK button 5. Select the linetype to assign to the layer 6. Select the OK 7. Linetype button appears on th layer 3-16 EXERCISE 3A INSTRUCTIONS: 1, Start a NEW file using 2013-Workbook Helper.dwt. 2, Draw the LINES below using: A. Line command B. Ortho (F8) ON C. Turn Increment Snap (F9) ON 3. Select the appropriate layer, then select the Line command, then draw a line. 4, Select the appropriate layer, then select the Line command, then draw a line. 5. Select the appropriate layer, then select the Line command, then draw a line. Are you noticing a pattern here? 6, Save the drawing as: EX3A BORDERLINE: CENTERLINE DIMENSION DooR —_ HATCH HIDDEN LINE Do not enter text. OBJECT LINE You will PHANTOMLINE learn Text soo. PLANTS ——____ SECTION LINE TEXT WALL WINDOW 3-17 EXERCISE 3B INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Start a NEW file using 2013-Workbook Helper.dwt. 2, Change the Increment Snap to .20 and Grid spacing to .40 If you have the Snap and Grids set correctly it will be easy. Make sure SNAP and GRID status bar buttons are ON. 4, Draw the objects below using layer Object Line Review pages 3-2 through 3-6 for Circle and Rectangle options. Do not dimension, you will learn dimensioning soon 2 Oa Save the drawing as: EX3B © C) I | 3.200 b——a: 200 3.200 4.800 | 3-18 EXERCISE 3C INSTRUCTIONS: 1, Start a NEW file using 2013-Workbook Helper.dwt. 2, Draw the Rectangles below using the options: Dimension, Chamfer, Fillet, Width and Rotation 3. Use layer Object Line. 4. Save the drawing as: EX3C Rectangle Dimensions: Length = 3 Width =2 Chamfer = Dist1 = 50 Dist2 = .50 Rectangle Dimensions: Length = 3 Width =2 Fillet = .50 Rectangle Dimensions: Length = 3 Width = 2 Rotation = 45 Chamfer = 0 Fillet = 0 Rectangle Dimensions: Length = 3 Width = 2 Width = .200 Rotation = 0 Chamfer = 0 Fillet =0 3-19 EXERCISE 3D INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Start a NEW file using 2013-Workbook Helper.dwt. 2. Important, important: Draw the objects below using the following Layers: Roof, Wall, Window, Door and Plants 3. You can change Snap and Grid settings to whatever you like. 4, You decide when to turn Ortho and Snap ON or OFF. 5. All objects must be placed accurately. All ines must intersect exactly. 6. Save the drawing as: EX3D 3-20 EXERCISE 3E INSTRUCTIONS: 1, Open EX3D. (Use OPEN not NEW to open and existing drawing) 2. Make layer Object “current” (lam having you do that because you can't Freeze or Lock a layer that is current and | want to make sure that none of the layers that you used in the drawing is current.) 3. Freeze the following layers: Window and Plants (Do not use erase) 4, Lock layer Roof 5, Try to erase any of the roof lines. You can't because the Roof layer is Locked. 6. Save the drawing as: EX3E 3-21 EXERCISE 3F INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Start a new file using template Acad (do not select Acad3D) (Located in the Template list 3 names below your 2013-Workbook Helper template) 2. Load Linetypes Zigzag, Gas Line and Dashed (Refer to page 3-16) Corian ~ ~ Exam —Q] ae & PBX ae (eae Zor Fees [lak car awe Parse Bsn 3. Create 3 layers named Fence, Gas and Invisible. (Refer to page 3-16) Assign the Name, Color, Linetype and Lineweight as shown above. 4. Draw the LINES below using the new layers: A, Select the layer B. Select the Line command C. Draw the lines approximately 5 inches long D. Ortho (F8) ON. 5. Save the drawing as: EX3F L\SNIN/ NINN er Fee Layer Gas —cas cas: cas. o— Layer Invisible 3-22 EXERCISE 3G INSTRUCTIONS: 1. Open EX3B 2. Open the Layer Properties Manager (Refer to page 3-10) 3. Change Transparency of the Object Line layer to 70 (Refer to Page 3-14) im Current layer: OBJECT LINE ~ — B)oe |S 2EXxv & fees [sear nore = [renee aga I> Continue & AMUsed Layers lla BORDERLINE Continuous: o . ler prices ccomtnuous a = le cevrerune | ceNTER a a le —pmmension | Contmuous 0 = 7 oor continuous 0 £ ate | continous 0 z le —mpDeNume | HIDDEN 4 2 k# —ossecrune | continuous 2 é - (> —pHaNToM Line | sHaNTom © — Default 0 & |Cltwvet ro | i ~ ‘ae 17 layers deplayed of 17 tokallayers TPY=ON 4, Select the TPY status button to show or hide Transparency. 5. Save the drawing as: EX3G 3-23 Notes: 3-24,

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