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n3 Building Civil Technology Corrected Summary

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259 views4 pages

n3 Building Civil Technology Corrected Summary

Uploaded by

sandisomakatini
Copyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
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Download as PDF, TXT or read online on Scribd
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N3 Building and Civil Technology Comprehensive Summary

General Duties of Employees at Work

- Comply with safety regulations.

- Use equipment responsibly.

- Report unsafe conditions.

- Cooperate with safety officers.

Communication

The exchange of information through speaking, writing, or using some other medium.

Scaffolding

Scaffolding is a temporary structure used to support workers and materials during the construction

or repair of buildings.

Types:

- Independent scaffolding: Supported by uprights and not the building itself.

- Mobile scaffolding: Mounted on wheels for easy movement.

Safety precautions:

- Ensure secure assembly.

- Do not overload.

- Regular inspections.

- Use proper guardrails.

- Keep clear of electrical lines.

Underpinning Procedures
Before underpinning:

- Site investigation.

- Structural analysis.

- Obtain necessary permits.

- Ensure safety measures are in place.

Why underpinning is necessary:

- Strengthen existing foundations.

- Prevent foundation failure.

- Accommodate changes in the structure.

- Address subsidence issues.

Steps for underpinning:

- Excavate below existing foundation.

- Insert new support materials.

- Secure the foundation.

- Reinforce the structure.

Types of Foundations

- Strip foundation: Continuous strips of concrete.

- Raft foundation: Large slab that spreads over a large area.

- Pile foundation: Columns driven into the ground for deep foundations.

- Pad foundation: Isolated rectangular or circular footings.

Management Procedures

- Leadership: Guide and motivate teams.


- Planning: Set objectives and strategies.

- Control: Monitor performance against standards.

- Communication: Ensure clear information exchange.

- Motivation: Provide incentives for optimal performance.

Duties and Responsibilities of a Site Supervisor

- Oversee day-to-day operations.

- Ensure safety standards are upheld.

- Monitor and report on project progress.

- Liaise with contractors and workers.

Foundation Checks

- Soil conditions.

- Load requirements.

- Design verification.

- Water drainage systems.

- Structural stability.

Communication Methods

- Verbal communication (two-way).

- Written communication (e.g., emails).

- Non-verbal signals (body language).

- One-sided sounds (e.g., alarms).

- Digital communication (messages).

- Visual signs (e.g., safety symbols).

Causes of Soil Collapse within Trenches


- Poor soil composition.

- Water infiltration.

- Overloading of trench sides.

- Vibration from nearby machinery.

Damp Proofing Materials

- Bitumen sheets.

- Polythene membrane.

- Liquid applied coatings.

- Lead sheeting.

- Flexible metal sheets.

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