GRADE 12

LIFE SCIENCES
JUNE EXAMINATION
2023

FINAL CORRECTED MEMO

MARKS: 150
𝟏
TIME: 𝟐 𝟐 HOURS

This MARKING GUIDELINES consists of 10 pages

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PRINCIPLES RELATED TO MARKING LIFE SCIENCES

1. If more information than marks allocated is given

Stop marking when maximum marks is reached and put a wavy line and 'max'
in the right hand margin.

2. If, for example, three reasons are required and five are given
Mark the first three irrespective of whether all or some are correct/incorrect.

3. If whole process is given when only part of it is required

Read all and credit relevant part.

4. If comparisons are asked for and descriptions are given

Accept if differences/similarities are clear.

5. If tabulation is required but paragraphs are given

Candidates will lose marks for not tabulating.

6. If diagrams are given with annotations when descriptions are required

Candidates will lose marks.

7. If flow charts are given instead of descriptions

Candidates will lose marks.

8. If sequence is muddled and links do not make sense

Where sequence and links are correct, credit. Where sequence and links are
incorrect, do not credit. If sequence and links becomes correct again, resume
credit.

9. Non-recognized abbreviations
Accept if first defined in answer. If not defined, do not credit the unrecognised
abbreviation but credit the rest of answer if correct.

10. Wrong numbering

If answer fits into the correct sequence of questions but the wrong
number is given, it is acceptable.

11. If language used changes the intended meaning

Do not accept.

12. Spelling errors

If recognizable, accept, provided it does not mean something else in Life
Sciences or if it is out of context.

13. If common names given in terminology

Accept, provided it was accepted at the National memo discussion meeting.

14. If only letter is asked for and only name is given (and vice versa)
No credit.

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15. If units are not given in measurements

Memorandum will allocate marks for units separately, except where it is already
given in the question.

16. Be sensitive to the sense of an answer, which may be stated in a different

way.

17. Caption
Credit will be given for captions to all illustrations (diagrams, graphs, tables,
etc.) except where it is already given in the question.

18. Code-switching of official languages (terms and concepts)

A single word or two that appears in any official language other than the
learners' assessment language used to the greatest extent in his/her answers
should be credited, if it is correct. A marker that is proficient in the relevant
official language should be consulted. This is applicable to all official languages.

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SECTION A
QUESTION 1

1.1
1.1.1 C
1.1.2 C
1.1.3 A
1.1.4 C
1.1.5 D
1.1.6 B
1.1.7 A
1.1.8 C
1.1.9 D
(9X 2) (18)

1.2
1.2.1 Goitre
1.2.2 Umbilical cord
1.2.3 Meninges
1.2.4 External fertilisation
1.2.5 Chorion
1.2.6 Nucleotides
1.2.7 Mendel’s law of segregation.
1.2.8 DNA profile
1.2.9 Double Helix (9 X 1) (9)

1.3
1.3.1 A only
1.3.2 None
1.3.3 A only 
1.3.4 A only (8)

1.4
1.4.1 (a) Receptor (1)
(b) (Dorsal root) ganglion (1)

1.4.2 (a) C – motor neuron (2)

(b) E - sensory neuron (2)

1.4.3 Reflex action (1)

(7)

1.5
1.5. (a) E - vagina (2)
(b) B – Fallopian tubes (2)
(c) D - endometrium (2)
1.5.2 C (1)
1.5.3 A (1)

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SECTION B

QUESTION 2
2.1
2.1.1 Cerebellum (1)

2.1.2 Alzheimer’s disease (1)

2.1.3 - controls all voluntary actions

- it is a seat of high thought processes
- receives and interprets all sensations from sense organs
(Mark first TWO only) (2)

2.1.4 - Vital processes such as breathing and heartbeat will

stop (2)
- a person may die
ANY TWO (6)
2.2
2.2.1 (a) Tympanic membrane (1)

(b) Ossicles/Stirrup (1)

2.2.2 - Air cannot enter in and out of the middle ear

- to equalise the pressure on both sides of the tympanic
membrane
- Tympanic membrane will not be able to vibrate
- This may lead to bursting of the tympanic membrane
- which may lead to hearing loss/partial deafness/pain
Any (3)

2.2.3 - The pinna traps the sound waves

- and directs it into the auditory canal
- This causes the tympanic membrane to vibrate
- The vibrations are transmitted to the ossicles
- which amplify the vibrations
- and transmit them to the oval window
- which vibrates
- creating pressure waves in the inner ear
- which stimulates the organ of corti Any (7)
(12)
2.3
2.3.1 Astigmatism (1)

2.3.2 - Wearing glasses with lenses shaped to correct the

unevenness
- Laser surgery Any (1)

2.3.3 Short-sightedness (1)

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2.3.4 - The lens becomes cloudy/opaque/milky

- and does not allow light to pass through (2)
(5)

2.4
2.4.1 (a) Oestrogen (1)

(b) Progesterone (1)

2.4.2 - It thickens the endometrium

- it makes the endometrium to be more glandular and
more vascular (2)

2.4.3 Day 14/15 (1)

2.4.4 - High levels of progesterone will inhibit

- the secretion of FSH (2)

2.4.5 - Progesterone levels decreased

(2)
(11)
2.5
2.5.1 Testes (1)

2.5.2 - administering testosterone

- Surgery (2)

2.5.3 33,3% (1)

2.5.4 It increases the risk of testicular cancer (1)

(5)
2.6
2.6.1 Concentration of CO2 in the blood (1)

2.6.2 0.60mol/l (1)

2.6.3 - Acts as a control/baseline

- to allow a comparison with the results
- To determine if the results obtained are caused by the
exercise/Independent variable
Any (1 X 2) (2)

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2.6.4 - The body’s metabolic rate increases

- the rate of cellular respiration increases
- more energy is produced and
- therefore more carbon dioxide is released
Any THREE (3)

2.6.5 - Receptors in the carotid arteries are stimulated and

- impulses are sent to the medulla oblongata
- The medulla oblongata stimulates the heart
- to beat more faster causing
- more carbon dioxide to be taken to the lungs
- The breathing muscles/intercostals muscles and
diaphraghm
- contract more actively and
- the rate and depth of breathing increases
- More carbon dioxide is exhaled
- The carbon dioxide levels in the blood decreases and
returns to normal Any (6)
(13)

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QUESTION 3

3.1 3.1.1 Blood group O. 50 +32 +65+35+42 = 224  (2)

3.1.2 Increase the number of participants.  (2)
Repeat the investigation. 

3.1.3
DIFFERENT BLOOD GROUPS OF THE WORKERS IN THE FIVE
DEPARTMENTS OF THE COMPANY
Blood groups of workers
Number of workers in the
department 4

(6)

3.1.4 Blood group AB occurs less frequently.  (2)

3.2 Blood groups are shared by many males and can exclude 
the man who is not the father and indicate the possible
father.  (3)
(15)
3.3 3.3.1 Translation.  (1)
3.3.2 Ribosome.  (1)
3.3.3 (a) Peptide bond.  (1)
(b) Anticodons.  (1)
(c) Codons (1)

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3.3.4
Transcription( compulsory mark)
The double helix DNA unwinds. 
The double-stranded DNA unzips/weak hydrogen bonds
break to form two separate strands.
One strand is used as a template 
to form mRNA o using free RNA nucleotides from the
nucleoplasm. 
The mRNA is complementary to the DNA. 
mRNA now has the coded message for protein synthesis. 
( 1 C0MPSURY MARK) (6)
3.3.5
(a) 1-Proline  4- Glycine (2)
(b) CAC (1)

(15)
3.4 3.4.1
A – Chromosome
B – Centromere/Chromatid
C - Chromatid
D – Chiasma (4)
3.4.2
3.4.3 Crossing over  (1)
Mixing of genetic material /variation and gametes are (1)
3.4.4 different from each other
Prophase 1  (1)

3.4.5

One chromosome has shaded and unshaded part in the correct

proportion (3)
(9)

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3.5 3.5.1 When the gene that causes the disorder is located on the
sex chromosomes/ gonosomes. 
3.5.2 (a) Colour blind male  (1)
(b) Normal male  (1)
3.5.3 (a) XBXb (1)
(b) Xb Xb (1)
(1)

3.5.4 Gametes XB Xb
XB XB XB X B Xb
Y XB Y Xb Y

Both of Jeli correct 1

All four genotypes correct OR 2
1 to 3 genotypes correct 1
Both gametes of the husband correct 1
25% chances of colour blindness 1

(6)
(11)
TOTAL QUESTION : (50)

GRAND TOTAL: [150]

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