MANAGEMENT

INFORMATION SYSTEMS
MANAGING THE DIGITAL FIRM

SIXTEENTH EDITION

GLOBAL EDITION

Kenneth C. Laudon
New York University

Jane P. Laudon
Azimuth Information Systems

Harlow, England • London • New York • Boston • San Francisco • Toronto • Sydney • Dubai • Singapore • Hong Kong
Tokyo • Seoul • Taipei • New Delhi • Cape Town • Sao Paulo • Mexico City • Madrid • Amsterdam • Munich • Paris • Milan
BRIEF CONTENTS

PART ONE Organizations, Management, and the Networked

Enterprise 33
Chapter 1 Information Systems in Global Business Today 34
Chapter 2 Global E-business and Collaboration 72
Chapter 3 Information Systems, Organizations, and Strategy 110
Chapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems 152

PART TWO Information Technology Infrastructure 193

Chapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies 194
Chapter 6 Foundations of Business Intelligence: Databases and Information
Management 242
Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless Technology 282
Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems 326

PART THREE Key System Applications for the Digital Age 369
Chapter 9 Achieving Operational Excellence and Customer Intimacy: Enterprise
Applications 370
Chapter 10 E-commerce: Digital Markets, Digital Goods 404
Chapter 11 Managing Knowledge and Artificial Intelligence 450
Chapter 12 Enhancing Decision Making 490

PART FOUR Building and Managing Systems 523

Chapter 13 Building Information Systems 524
Chapter 14 Managing Projects 564
Chapter 15 Managing Global Systems 596

Glossary 626

Indexes 638

4
 COMPLETE CONTENTS

PART ONE Organizations, Management, and the Networked

Enterprise 33
Chapter 1 Information Systems in Global Business Today 34
Opening Case: Premier League: The Power of IT Analytics 35
1-1 How are information systems transforming business, and why are they
so essential for running and managing a business today? 37
How Information Systems Are Transforming Business 38 • What’s New in
Management Information Systems? 39
Interactive Session | Management Can You Run the Company
with Your iPhone? 41
Globalization Challenges and Opportunities: A Flattened World 43 • The
Emerging Digital Firm 44 • Strategic Business Objectives of Information
Systems 45
1-2 What is an information system? How does it work? What are its
management, organization, and technology components? Why
are complementary assets essential for ensuring that information
systems provide genuine value for organizations? 48
What Is an Information System? 48 • Dimensions of Information
Systems 50
Interactive Session | Technology Digital Transformation of Healthcare at Singa-
pore’s JurongHealth Services 55
It Isn’t Just Technology: A Business Perspective on Information
Systems 56 • Complementary Assets: Organizational Capital and
the Right Business Model 58
1-3 What academic disciplines are used to study information systems,
and how does each contribute to an understanding of information
systems? 60
Technical Approach 60 • Behavioral Approach 61 • Approach of This
Text: Sociotechnical Systems 61
1-4 How will MIS help my career? 62
The Company 62 • Position Description 63 • Job Requirements 63 •
Interview Questions 63 • Author Tips 63
Review Summary 64 • Key Terms 65 • Review Questions 65 •
Discussion Questions 66
Hands-On MIS Projects 66
Collaboration and Teamwork Project 67
Case Study: Changes in the Financial Industry: Adyen and Fintech 68
References: 71

5
6 Contents

Chapter 2 Global E-business and Collaboration 72

Opening Case: Enterprise Social Networking Helps Sanofi Pasteur
Innovate and Improve Quality 73
2-1 What are business processes? How are they related to information
systems? 75
Business Processes 75 • How Information Technology Improves Business
Processes 77
2-2 How do systems serve the different management groups in a business,
and how do systems that link the enterprise improve organizational
performance? 77
Systems for Different Management Groups 78 • Systems for Linking the
Enterprise 83
Interactive Session | Organizations How City Football Group and SAP Manage
a Winning Combination 84
• E-business, E-commerce, and E-government 87
2-3 Why are systems for collaboration and social business so important,
and what technologies do they use? 88
What Is Collaboration? 88 • What Is Social Business? 89 • Business
Benefits of Collaboration and Social Business 90 • Building a Collaborative
Culture and Business Processes 92 • Tools and Technologies for Collaboration
and Social Business 92
Interactive Session | Technology Collaborating the Glasscubes Way 94
2-4 What is the role of the information systems function in a business? 98
The Information Systems Department 98 • Organizing the Information
Systems Function 100
2-5 How will MIS help my career? 100
The Company 100 • Position Description 100 • Job Requirements 101 •
Interview Questions 101 • Author Tips 101
Review Summary 102 • Key Terms 103 • Review Questions 103 •
Discussion Questions 104
Hands-On MIS Projects 104
Collaboration and Teamwork Project 105
Case Study: Can a Rugby Union Teach Businesses How to Turn Customers into
Supporters? 106
References: 109

Chapter 3 Information Systems, Organizations, and Strategy 110

Opening Case: Tate & Lyle Devise a Global IT Strategy 111
3-1 Which features of organizations do managers need to know about to
build and use information systems successfully? 113
What Is an Organization? 113 • Features of Organizations 116
3-2 What is the impact of information systems on organizations? 121
Economic Impacts 121 • Organizational and Behavioral Impacts 122 •
The Internet and Organizations 125 • Implications for the Design and
Understanding of Information Systems 125
 Contents 7

3-3 How do Porter’s competitive forces model, the value chain model,
synergies, core competencies, and network economics help companies
develop competitive strategies using information systems? 126
Porter’s Competitive Forces Model 126 • Information System Strategies for
Dealing with Competitive Forces 128
Interactive Session | Organizations Will AI Replace Managers? 130
The Internet’s Impact on Competitive Advantage 132 • The Business Value
Chain Model 133
Interactive Session | Technology Singapore as a Smart Nation 134
Synergies, Core Competencies, and Network-Based Strategies 137
3-4 What are the challenges posed by strategic information systems, and
how should they be addressed? 141
Sustaining Competitive Advantage 141 • Aligning IT with Business
Objectives 141 • Managing Strategic Transitions 142
3-5 How will MIS help my career? 143
The Company 143 • Position Description 143 • Job Requirements 143 •
Interview Questions 144 • Author Tips 144
Review Summary 144 • Key Terms 145 • Review Questions 145 •
Discussion Questions 146
Hands-On MIS Projects 146
Collaboration and Teamwork Project 147
Case Study: Offline, Online, and Back: The Evolution of the UK Grocery Mar-
ket 148
References: 150

Chapter 4 Ethical and Social Issues in Information Systems 152

Opening Case: Are Cars Becoming Big Brother on Wheels? 153
4-1 What ethical, social, and political issues are raised by information
systems? 155
A Model for Thinking about Ethical, Social, and Political Issues 156 • Five
Moral Dimensions of the Information Age 158 • Key Technology Trends that
Raise Ethical Issues 158
4-2 What specific principles for conduct can be used to guide ethical
decisions? 161
Basic Concepts: Responsibility, Accountability, and Liability 161 • Ethical
Analysis 161 • Candidate Ethical Principles 162 • Professional Codes of
Conduct 163 • Some Real-World Ethical Dilemmas 163
4-3 Why do contemporary information systems technology and the Internet
pose challenges to the protection of individual privacy and intellectual
property? 163
Information Rights: Privacy and Freedom in the Internet Age 164 • Property
Rights: Intellectual Property 170
4-4 How have information systems affected laws for establishing account-
ability and liability and the quality of everyday life? 174
Computer-Related Liability Problems 174 • System Quality: Data Quality and
System Errors 175 • Quality of Life: Equity, Access, and Boundaries 176
8 Contents

Interactive Session | Organizations Will AI Kill Jobs? 180

Health Risks: RSI, CVS, and Cognitive Decline 181
Interactive Session | Technology Volkswagen Pollutes Its Reputation with Soft-
ware to Evade Emissions Testing 183
4-5 How will MIS help my career? 184
The Company 184 • Position Description 184 • Job Requirements 184 •
Interview Questions 185 • Author Tips 185
Review Summary 185 • Key Terms 186 • Review Questions 186 •
Discussion Questions 187
Hands-On MIS Projects 187
Collaboration and Teamwork Project 188
Case Study: Facebook Privacy: Your Life for Sale 189
References: 192

PART TWO Information Technology Infrastructure 193

Chapter 5 IT Infrastructure and Emerging Technologies 194
Opening Case: Southeast Asia’s Grab Leverages Information Technology to En-
hance Its Services 195
5-1 What is IT infrastructure, and what are the stages and drivers of
IT infrastructure evolution? 197
Defining IT Infrastructure 197 • Evolution of IT Infrastructure 199 •
Technology Drivers of Infrastructure Evolution 203
5-2 What are the components of IT infrastructure? 207
Computer Hardware Platforms 208 • Operating System Platforms 210 •
Enterprise Software Applications 210 • Data Management and
Storage 211 • Networking/Telecommunications Platforms 211 •
Internet Platforms 211 • Consulting and System Integration Services 212
5-3 What are the current trends in computer hardware platforms? 212
The Mobile Digital Platform 212 • Consumerization of IT and BYOD 212
Interactive Session | Technology Open Source Innovation: The New Competitive
Advantage 213
Quantum Computing 215 • Virtualization 215 • Cloud Computing 215
Interactive Session | Organizations Glory Finds Solutions in the Cloud 218
Edge Computing 220 • Green Computing 221 • High-Performance and
Power-Saving Processors 222
5-4 What are the current computer software platforms and trends? 222
Linux and Open Source Software 222 • Software for the Web: Java, HTML,
and HTML5 223 • Web Services and Service-Oriented Architecture 224 •
Software Outsourcing and Cloud Services 225
5-5 What are the challenges of managing IT infrastructure and
management solutions? 228
 Contents 9

Dealing with Platform and Infrastructure Change 228 • Management and

Governance 229 • Making Wise Infrastructure Investments 229
5-6 How will MIS help my career? 232
The Company 232 • Position Description 232 • Job Requirements 232 •
Interview Questions 233 • Author Tips 233
Review Summary 233 • Key Terms 234 • Review Questions 235 •
Discussion Questions 236
Hands-On MIS Projects 236
Collaboration and Teamwork Project 237
Case Study: Is BYOD Good for Business? 238
References: 241

Chapter 6 Foundations of Business Intelligence: Databases and

Information Management 242
Opening Case: Data Management Enables Smarter Energy Generation in
Australia 243
6-1 What are the problems of managing data resources in a traditional file
environment? 245
File Organization Terms and Concepts 245 • Problems with the Traditional
File Environment 246
6-2 What are the major capabilities of database management systems
(DBMS), and why is a relational DBMS so powerful? 248
Database Management Systems 249 • Capabilities of Database Management
Systems 251 • Designing Databases 254 • Non-relational Databases,
Cloud Databases, and Blockchain 256
6-3 What are the principal tools and technologies for accessing
information from databases to improve business performance
and decision making? 259
The Challenge of Big Data 259 • Business Intelligence Infrastructure 260
Interactive Session | Technology Societe Generale Builds an Intelligent System
to Manage Information Flow 262
Analytical Tools: Relationships, Patterns, Trends 263 • Databases and
the Web 267
6-4 Why are information policy, data administration, and data quality
assurance essential for managing the firm’s data resources? 268
Establishing an Information Policy 268 • Ensuring Data Quality 269
Interactive Session | Organizations Data-Driven Policing Goes Global 271
6-5 How will MIS help my career? 272
The Company 272 • Position Description 272 • Job Requirements 273 •
Interview Questions 273 • Author Tips 273
Review Summary 273 • Key Terms 274 • Review Questions 275 •
Discussion Questions 276
Hands-On MIS Projects 276
Collaboration and Teamwork Project 277
Case Study: How Reliable Is Big Data? 278
References: 280
10 Contents

Chapter 7 Telecommunications, the Internet, and Wireless

Technology 282
Opening Case: Alibaba: Redefining Traditional Retailing 283
7-1 What are the principal components of telecommunications networks
and key networking technologies? 285
Networking and Communication Trends 285 • What Is a Computer
Network? 286 • Key Digital Networking Technologies 288
7-2 What are the different types of networks? 291
Signals: Digital Versus Analog 291 • Types of Networks 291 • Transmission
Media and Transmission Speed 293
7-3 How do the Internet and Internet technology work, and how do they
support communication and e-business? 293
What Is the Internet? 293 • Internet Addressing and Architecture 294
Interactive Session | Organizations The Global Battle over Net
Neutrality 297
Internet Services and Communication Tools 299
Interactive Session | Management Singapore Shuts Down 2G Network 302
The Web 303
7-4 What are the principal technologies and standards for wireless
networking, communication, and Internet access? 311
Cellular Systems 311 • Wireless Computer Networks and Internet Access 312 •
RFID and Wireless Sensor Networks 314
7-5 How will MIS help my career? 317
The Company 317 • Position Description 317 • Job Requirements 317 •
Interview Questions 318 • Author Tips 318
Review Summary 318 • Key Terms 319 • Review Questions 320 •
Discussion Questions 320
Hands-On MIS Projects 320
Collaboration and Teamwork Project 321
Case Study: Google, Apple, and Facebook Battle for Your Internet
Experience 322
References: 325

Chapter 8 Securing Information Systems 326

Opening Case: Cyberattacks in the Asia-Pacific Target the Weakest Link: Peo-
ple 327
8-1 Why are information systems vulnerable to destruction, error, and
abuse? 329
Why Systems are Vulnerable 330 • Malicious Software: Viruses, Worms, Trojan
Horses, and Spyware 331 • Hackers and Computer Crime 334 • Internal
Threats: Employees 338 • Software Vulnerability 339
8-2 What is the business value of security and control? 340
Legal and Regulatory Requirements for Electronic Records Management 340
Interactive Session | Technology Meltdown and Spectre Haunt the World’s
Computers 341
Electronic Evidence and Computer Forensics 343
 Contents 11

8-3 What are the components of an organizational framework for security

and control? 344
Information Systems Controls 344 • Risk Assessment 345 • Security
Policy 346 • Disaster Recovery Planning and Business Continuity
Planning 347 • The Role of Auditing 347
8-4 What are the most important tools and technologies for safeguarding
information resources? 348
Identity Management and Authentication 348 • Firewalls, Intrusion Detection
Systems, and Anti-malware Software 350 • Securing Wireless Networks 352 •
Encryption and Public Key Infrastructure 352 • Securing Transactions with
Blockchain 354 • Ensuring System Availability 355 • Security Issues for
Cloud Computing and the Mobile Digital Platform 355
Interactive Session | Management Phishing for Money: Dangerous Emails 356
Ensuring Software Quality 358
8-5 How will MIS help my career? 359
The Company 359 • Position Description 359 • Job Requirements 359 •
Interview Questions 359 • Author Tips 360
Review Summary 360 • Key Terms 361 • Review Questions 362 •
Discussion Questions 362
Hands-On MIS Projects 362
Collaboration and Teamwork Project 364
Case Study: Information Security Threats and Policies in Europe 365
References: 367

PART THREE Key System Applications for the Digital Age 369
Chapter 9 Achieving Operational Excellence and Customer Intimacy:
Enterprise Applications 370
Opening Case: Warehouse Management at Norauto: Conversational Com-
merce 371
9-1 How do enterprise systems help businesses achieve operational
excellence? 373
What are Enterprise Systems? 373 • Enterprise Software 374 • Business
Value of Enterprise Systems 375
9-2 How do supply chain management systems coordinate planning,
production, and logistics with suppliers? 376
Interactive Session | Management Physical Flow in Alibaba 377
The Supply Chain 378 • Information Systems and Supply Chain
Management 380 • Supply Chain Management Software 381 •
Global Supply Chains and the Internet 382 • Business Value of Supply
Chain Management Systems 384
9-3 How do customer relationship management systems help firms
achieve customer intimacy? 384
What Is Customer Relationship Management? 385 • Customer Relationship
Management Software 385 • Operational and Analytical CRM 389 •
Business Value of Customer Relationship Management Systems 389
12 Contents

9-4 What are the challenges that enterprise applications pose,

and how are enterprise applications taking advantage of new
technologies? 390
Enterprise Application Challenges 390
Interactive Session | Organizations Kenya Airways Flies High with Customer
Relationship Management 391
Next-Generation Enterprise Applications 393
9-5 How will MIS help my career? 395
The Company 395 • Position Description 395 • Job Requirements 395 •
Interview Questions 395 • Author Tips 396
Review Summary 396 • Key Terms 397 • Review Questions 397 •
Discussion Questions 398
Hands-On MIS Projects 398
Collaboration and Teamwork Project 399
Case Study: Fast Fashion, Big Data, and Zara 400
References: 402

Chapter 10 E-commerce: Digital Markets, Digital Goods 404

Opening Case: Uber Storms Europe. Europe Strikes Back. 405
10-1 What are the unique features of e-commerce, digital markets, and
digital goods? 407
E-commerce Today 408 • The New E-commerce: Social, Mobile, Local 409 •
Why E-commerce Is Different 411 • Key Concepts in E-commerce: Digital
Markets and Digital Goods in a Global Marketplace 414
10-2 What are the principal e-commerce business and revenue
models? 417
Types of E-commerce 417 • E-commerce Business Models 418
Interactive Session | Organizations Deliveroo: Australian Food Delivery
App 421
E-commerce Revenue Models 422
10-3 How has e-commerce transformed marketing? 424
Behavioral Targeting 425 • Social E-commerce and Social Network
Marketing 428
Interactive Session | Management Socializing with Customers 431
10-4 How has e-commerce affected business-to-business transactions? 432
Electronic Data Interchange (EDI) 433 • New Ways of B2B Buying and
Selling 434
10-5 What is the role of m-commerce in business, and what are the most
important m-commerce applications? 436
Location-Based Services and Applications 437 • Other Mobile Commerce
Services 438
10-6 What issues must be addressed when building an e-commerce
presence? 438
Develop an E-commerce Presence Map 438 • Develop a Timeline:
Milestones 439
 Contents 13

10-7 How will MIS help my career? 440

The Company 440 • Job Description 440 • Job Requirements 441 •
Interview Questions 441 • Author Tips 441
Review Summary 442 • Key Terms 442 • Review Questions 443 •
Discussion Questions 444
Hands-On MIS Projects 444
Collaboration and Teamwork Project 445
Case Study: An iDEAL Solution to the Single Online EU Market 446
References: 448

Chapter 11 Managing Knowledge and Artificial Intelligence 450

Opening Case: Roche: Managing Diabetes with Big Data and Mobile Apps 451
11-1 What is the role of knowledge management systems in
business? 453
Important Dimensions of Knowledge 454 • The Knowledge
Management Value Chain 455 • Types of Knowledge Management
Systems 458
11-2 What are artificial intelligence (AI) and machine learning? How do
businesses use AI? 459
Evolution of AI 459 • Major Types of AI 460 • Expert Systems 460 •
Machine Learning 462 • Neural Networks 464 • Genetic Algorithms 467 •
Natural Language Processing, Computer Vision Systems, and
Robotics 468 • Intelligent Agents 469
11-3 What types of systems are used for enterprise-wide knowledge
management, and how do they provide value for businesses? 470
Enterprise Content Management Systems 471 • Locating and Sharing
Expertise 472 • Learning Management Systems 473
11-4 What are the major types of knowledge work systems, and how
do they provide value for firms? 473
Knowledge Workers and Knowledge Work 473
Interactive Session | Management Singapore Sports Institute Uses Analytics for
SEA Games 474
Requirements of Knowledge Work Systems 475 • Examples of Knowledge
Work Systems 476
Interactive Session | Technology Will Robots Replace People in Manufactur-
ing? 478
11-5 How will MIS help my career? 479
The Company 479 • Position Description 480 • Job Requirements 480 •
Interview Questions 480 • Author Tips 480
Review Summary 481 • Key Terms 482 • Review Questions 482 •
Discussion Questions 483
Hands-On MIS Projects 483
Collaboration and Teamwork Project 484
Case Study: GE Bets on the Internet of Things and Big Data Analytics 485
References: 488
14 Contents

Chapter 12 Enhancing Decision Making 490

Opening Case: Eastspring: Targeted Enterprise System Building 491
12-1 What are the different types of decisions, and how does the decision-
making process work? 493
Business Value of Improved Decision Making 493 • Types of Decisions 494 •
The Decision-Making Process 495
12-2 How do information systems support the activities of managers and
management decision making? 496
Managerial Roles 496 • Real-World Decision Making 498 • High-Velocity
Automated Decision Making 499
12-3 How do business intelligence and business analytics support decision
making? 500
What Is Business Intelligence? 500 • The Business Intelligence
Environment 500 • Business Intelligence and Analytics Capabilities 502
Interactive Session | Technology Siemens Makes Business Processes
More Visible 503
12-4 How do different decision-making constituencies in an organization
use business intelligence, and what is the role of information systems in
helping people working in a group make decisions more efficiently? 507
Decision Support for Operational and Middle Management 507 • Decision
Support for Senior Management: Balanced Scorecard and Enterprise
Performance Management Methods 510
Interactive Session | Management Fujitsu Selects a SaaS Solution to Simplify
the Sales Process 512
Group Decision-Support Systems (GDSS) 513
12-5 How will MIS help my career? 514
The Company 514 • Position Description 514 • Job Requirements 514 •
Interview Questions 515 • Author Tips 515
Review Summary 515 • Key Terms 516 • Review Questions 517 •
Discussion Questions 517
Hands-On MIS Projects 517
Collaboration and Teamwork Project 518
Case Study: Better for Business, Better for the Environment 519
References: 521

PART FOUR Building and Managing Systems 523

Chapter 13 Building Information Systems 524
Opening Case: Building a Healthy Case-Management System 525
13-1 How does building new systems produce organizational change? 527
Systems Development and Organizational Change 527
Interactive Session | Organizations Business Process Redesign at DP
World 529
Business Process Redesign 530
 Contents 15

13-2 What are the core activities in the systems development

process? 534
Systems Analysis 534 • Systems Design 535 • Completing the Systems
Development Process 536
13-3 What are the principal methodologies for modeling and designing
systems? 539
Structured Methodologies 539 • Object-Oriented Development 541 •
Computer-Aided Software Engineering 543
13-4 What are alternative methods for building information
systems? 543
Traditional Systems Life Cycle 543 • Prototyping 544 • End-User
Development 546 • Application Software Packages, Software Services,
and Outsourcing 546
13-5 What are new approaches for system building in the digital
firm era? 549
Rapid Application Development (RAD), Agile Development, and DevOps 549 •
Component-Based Development and Web Services 550 • Mobile Application
Development: Designing for a Multiscreen World 551
13-6 How will MIS help my career? 552
The Company 552 • Position Description 552
Interactive Session | Technology Systems Development Is Different for
Mobile Apps 553
Job Requirements 554 • Interview Questions 554 • Author Tips 555
Review Summary 555 • Key Terms 556 • Review Questions 557 •
Discussion Questions 557
Hands-On MIS Projects 558
Collaboration and Teamwork Project 559
Case Study: Hitachi Consulting Moves Human Resources to the
Cloud 560
References: 562

Chapter 14 Managing Projects 564

Opening Case: Al-Asasyah Implements a Modern ERP Solution 565
14-1 What are the objectives of project management, and why is it so
essential in developing information systems? 567
Runaway Projects and System Failure 567 • Project Management
Objectives 568
14-2 What methods can be used for selecting and evaluating information
systems projects and aligning them with the firm’s business
goals? 569
Management Structure for Information Systems Projects 569 • Linking Systems
Projects to the Business Plan 570 • Portfolio Analysis 572 • Scoring
Models 573
14-3 How can firms assess the business value of information systems? 574
Information System Costs and Benefits 574 • Capital Budgeting for
Information Systems 574 • Limitations of Financial Models 575
16 Contents

14-4 What are the principal risk factors in information systems projects, and
how can they be managed? 576
Dimensions of Project Risk 576 • Change Management and the Concept
of Implementation 577 • Controlling Risk Factors 579 • Designing for the
Organization 582 • Project Management Software Tools 583
Interactive Session | Management Hilti AG: Putting Things Together with New
Project Management Tools 584
14-5 How will MIS help my career? 585
The Company 585
Interactive Session | Technology Arup Moves Project Management to the
Cloud 586
Position Description 587 • Job Requirements 587 • Interview
Questions 588 • Author Tips 588
Review Summary 588 • Key Terms 589 • Review Questions 589 •
Discussion Questions 590
Hands-On MIS Projects 590
Collaboration and Teamwork Project 591
Case Study: Pennsylvania’s Unemployment Compensation Modernization
System: Unfinished Business 592
References: 594

Chapter 15 Managing Global Systems 596

Opening Case: The Bel Group: Laughing All the Way to Success 597
15-1 What major factors are driving the internationalization of
business? 599
Developing an International Information Systems Architecture 599 •
The Global Environment: Business Drivers and Challenges 601 • State
of the Art 604
15-2 What are the alternative strategies for developing global
businesses? 604
Global Strategies and Business Organization 605 • Global Systems to
Fit the Strategy 606 • Reorganizing the Business 607
15-3 What are the challenges posed by global information systems and
management solutions for these challenges? 607
A Typical Scenario: Disorganization on a Global Scale 608 • Global Systems
Strategy 608 • The Management Solution: Implementation 611
15-4 What are the issues and technical alternatives to be considered when
developing international information systems? 612
Computing Platforms and Systems Integration 613 • Connectivity 613 •
Software Localization 614
15-5 How will MIS help my career? 615
The Company 615
Interactive Session | Technology The Global Internet Goes Multimedia 616
Position Description 617 • Job Requirements 617 • Interview
Questions 617
Interactive Session | Management AbbVie Builds a Global Systems
 Contents 17

Infrastructure 618
Author Tips 619
Review Summary 620 • Key Terms 620 • Review Questions 621 •
Discussion Questions 621
Hands-On MIS Projects 621
Collaboration and Teamwork Project 622
Case Study: Acquisition of [Link]: Amazon’s Entry into the Middle East 623
References: 625

Glossary 626

Indexes 638