REVISION QUESTIONS – ENGLISH FOR LOGISTICS

Question 1:
1. Define “direct store delivery” and “category management”.
2. Explain activities that take place in the order-picking area and the sortation area.
3. Define “supply chain” and “factory gate pricing”.
4. Explain the terms “packing list” and “air waybill”.
5. Give definitions of “bill of lading” and “commercial invoice”.
6. Distinguish two types of freight traffic: multimodal and intermodal.
7. Describe activities in the sortation area and the receiving area.
8. What are “certificate of origin” and “commercial invoice”?
9. How do you understand two terms: “dangerous goods declaration” and “bill of lading”?
10. Compare two shipping options: inland waterways and road.
11. Give definitions of “buffer stock” and “factory gate pricing”.
12. Define “economies of scale” and “supply chain”.
13. How do you understand “3PL” and “continuous replenishment”?
14. Define “certificate of origin” and “packing list”.
15. Distinguish two types of freight traffic: block train and single-wagon.
16. Give four definitions of “logistics”.
17. What do JIT and B/L stand for? Explain the terms.
18. What are job responsibilities of freight forwarders and warehouse managers?
19. Distinguish two documents used in foreign trade: commercial invoice and customs
invoice.
20. Describe activities that take place in the receiving area and the order-picking area.
21. Give definitions of “logistics” and “supply chain”.
22. Give the description of the ‘ISO container’.
23. Give the description of the ‘gantry crane’.
24. What is “strategic sourcing” in procurement?
25. What are ‘lead time’ and ‘just in time” in logistics?
26. Give the description of the ‘reach stacker’.
27. Give definitions of the ‘crate’ and ‘bale’.
28. What do you know about “a transtainer”?
29. Give definitions of ‘commercial invoice’ and ‘air waybill’.
30. What are “certificate of origin” and ‘pro forma invoice’?
31. What are “bill of lading” and ‘export license’?
32. What are “cash on delivery” and “documentary credit”?
33. What do L/C and B/E refer to?
34. What do you know about “flat-rack” and “tanktainer”?
35. What do you know about ‘direct store delivery-DSD’ and ‘continuous replenishment-
CRP’?
36. Define “factory gate pricing” and “tender”.
37. How would you define “bill of lading” and “customs invoice”?

Question 2:
1. Explain some main logistics problems and give examples.
2. What are the main financial risks in foreign trade?
3. How can traders reduce their financial risks? Give examples for illustration.
4. Describe some payment methods for exporting goods.
5. How do you think transport systems could be improved to facilitate freight traffic?
6. Describe five countries with considerable export growth rates.
7. Present changes in warehousing over the last few years.
8. Present what you know about the logistics industry in Vietnam.
9. What criteria would be most important when choosing a forwarder?
10. What is the important role of logistics in a country’s economy?
11. Describe some useful electronic devices in logistics and transport.
12. Explain some methods of payment for exporting or importing goods.
13. Describe recent trends in 3PL.
14. What are the advantages of GPS-based truck support system to truck drivers?
15. What are the advantages of RFID tag system?
16. How can leading companies benefit from strategic sourcing?
17. Suggest some ways to deal with growing freight traffic in your country?
18. How important is logistics to an airport?
19. Compare the two transport modes: shipping goods by barge vs. shipping goods by
truck.
1. Direct Store Delivery (DSD) refers to a distribution method where manufacturers deliver
products directly to retail stores, bypassing the retailer's distribution center. Category
Management is a retail strategy focusing on product categories as individual business units,
optimizing their sales and profitability.
2. Order-picking area activities include selecting items from inventory for customer orders.
Sortation area activities involve sorting items based on destination or order, ensuring they reach
the correct shipping line.
3. Supply chain refers to the entire process of producing and delivering a product, from raw material
acquisition to the end customer. Factory Gate Pricing is a pricing strategy where the buyer is
responsible for the transport of goods from the supplier's factory.
4. A Packing List is a document detailing the contents of a shipment. An Air Waybill (AWB) is a
document that accompanies goods shipped by air, detailing the contract of carriage.
5. A Bill of Lading (B/L) is a legal document between the shipper and carrier detailing the type,
quantity, and destination of the goods. A Commercial Invoice is a document used for customs
that shows the value and description of goods being traded.
6. Multimodal freight traffic uses multiple modes of transportation under a single contract.
Intermodal freight traffic also uses multiple modes but under separate contracts for each mode.
7. In the Sortation area, packages are grouped by destination. In the Receiving area, incoming
goods are checked, recorded, and stored.
8. A Certificate of Origin proves the origin of goods for customs purposes, while a Commercial
Invoice shows the transaction details of the goods being traded.
9. A Dangerous Goods Declaration is a document declaring the classification of hazardous
materials in the shipment. A Bill of Lading serves as a receipt and contract for the shipment.
10. Inland waterways are cost-effective but slower, while road transport offers flexibility and faster
transit times but can be expensive.
11. Buffer Stock is extra inventory kept to prevent stockouts. Factory Gate Pricing involves
purchasing goods at the price point before transport costs are added.
12. Economies of scale occur when production costs decrease as production volume increases.
Supply chain refers to the entire process of moving goods from producers to consumers.
13. 3PL (Third-Party Logistics) involves outsourcing logistics services like warehousing and
distribution. Continuous Replenishment is a strategy where inventory is restocked as it’s used.
14. A Certificate of Origin confirms the origin of the goods. A Packing List details the shipment's
contents.
15. Block train refers to a train carrying one type of cargo directly between points. Single-wagon
traffic involves individual wagons from various customers.
16. Four definitions of logistics:

 The process of planning, implementing, and controlling the movement and storage of goods.
 The efficient management of supply chains.
 The coordination of material flow and information flow.
 Ensuring the right product is delivered at the right time to the right place.

17. JIT (Just in Time) is an inventory strategy that reduces stock levels by ordering only what is
needed. B/L (Bill of Lading) is a document acknowledging receipt of cargo for shipment.
18. Freight Forwarders manage the logistics of international shipping, while Warehouse Managers
oversee the storage and distribution of goods.
19. A Commercial Invoice details the transaction between a buyer and seller. A Customs Invoice
provides information required by customs for international trade.
20. In the Receiving area, incoming goods are checked, and in the Order-picking area, items are
picked from inventory for shipping.
 21. Logistics involves the detailed coordination of a complex operation involving many people,
facilities, or supplies. Supply Chain covers all the steps in producing and delivering a product to
the consumer.
22. An ISO container is a standardized shipping container used globally for transporting cargo.
23. A Gantry Crane is a large crane used in ports and rail yards to load and unload containers from
ships or railcars.
24. Strategic sourcing in procurement involves selecting suppliers based on long-term goals, cost
efficiency, and relationship management.
25. Lead time is the time between the initiation and completion of a process. Just in Time is an
inventory strategy focused on reducing waste by receiving goods only as they are needed.
26. A Reach Stacker is a vehicle used to handle intermodal cargo containers in ports and rail yards.
27. A Crate is a large shipping container, while a Bale is compacted goods bound together, often
using wire or twine.
28. A Transtainer is a type of gantry crane used in ports for stacking and moving shipping
containers.
29. A Commercial Invoice is a document for customs clearance and payment purposes. An Air
Waybill is used for air freight, containing details about the shipment and the contract of carriage.
30. A Certificate of Origin is a document certifying the country where goods were produced. A Pro
Forma Invoice is a preliminary bill sent before the shipment for customs or payment purposes.
31. A Bill of Lading is a transport document, and an Export License is a government authorization to
export certain goods.
32. Cash on Delivery (COD) is a payment method where payment is made upon delivery.
Documentary Credit involves a letter of credit, guaranteeing payment for the shipment upon
meeting certain conditions.
33. L/C (Letter of Credit) is a payment guarantee issued by a bank. B/E (Bill of Exchange) is a
document that binds one party to pay another.
34. A Flat-rack is a container without walls or a roof, used for oversized goods. A Tanktainer is a
container for transporting liquids.
35. Direct Store Delivery (DSD) involves delivering goods directly to stores. Continuous
Replenishment (CRP) ensures stock is restocked as needed.
36. Factory Gate Pricing focuses on pricing goods at the factory before transportation costs. A
Tender is a formal invitation to suppliers to bid for contracts.
37. A Bill of Lading is a receipt and contract for goods being shipped. A Customs Invoice provides
information needed by customs for clearing the shipment.

Question 2:

1. Logistics problems include delays due to customs, poor infrastructure, or capacity limitations. An
example is port congestion leading to shipment delays.
2. Main financial risks in foreign trade include currency fluctuations, non-payment, and political
instability.
3. Traders can reduce financial risks by using payment methods like Letters of Credit (L/C) and
hedging against currency risks.
4. Payment methods include Letters of Credit, cash in advance, documentary collections, and open
accounts.
5. Transport systems can be improved with better infrastructure, more efficient customs processes,
and increased digitalization.
6. Countries with significant export growth rates include China, Germany, the USA, Japan, and
South Korea.
7. Warehousing has seen changes such as automation, use of AI, and energy-efficient designs.
8. The logistics industry in Vietnam is growing, with investments in infrastructure and increasing
use of technology.
9. Important criteria for choosing a forwarder include reliability, network reach, and experience in
the market.
10. Logistics is vital for a country's economy as it ensures the smooth flow of goods, reduces costs,
and boosts trade efficiency.
11. Useful electronic devices include barcode scanners, RFID systems, and GPS tracking devices.
12. Methods of payment in trade include Letters of Credit, documentary collections, and open
accounts.
13. Recent trends in 3PL include growth in e-commerce logistics and increasing use of automation.
14. GPS-based truck systems help truck drivers by improving route efficiency and reducing fuel
costs.
15. RFID tag systems provide real-time tracking of goods, improving inventory management.
16. Strategic sourcing helps companies by securing long-term supplier relationships, cost savings,
and improved quality.
17. To address growing freight traffic, countries can invest in infrastructure, optimize shipping
routes, and improve regulations.
18. Logistics is crucial to an airport as it ensures the efficient handling of cargo and timely movement
of goods.
19. Shipping by barge is cost-effective for bulk goods but slower. Shipping by truck is faster but
more expensive and less suited for heavy loads.