UCSP Q2 MODULE 1

STATE AND NON-

STATE
INSTITUTIONS
Understanding Culture,
Society, and Politics
Q2
OBJECTIVES:
identify the explain the differentiate value the
forms of functions of the forms and
importance
state and state and functions of
state and non- of state and
non-state non-state non-state
state
institutions institutions; institutions
institutions;
; and in society.
STATE
is a community of persons, more
or less numerous, occupying a
definite portion of earth’s
surface, having its own
government, through which the
inhabitants render habitual
obedience free from outside
control.
STATE
A group of people living
together in a definite territory
under an independent
government organized under
fror pitical ends capable of
entering into international
reasons.
PEOPLE/POPULATION TERRITORY
STATE

SOVEREIGNTY
GOVERNMENT
ELEMENTS OF STATE
PEOPLE/POPULATION
is important that a community of
persons is composed of both males
and females for purposes of
reproduction. Reproduction is
indispensable. It is through
reproduction that the state can
continue to exist.
ELEMENTS OF STATE
PEOPLE/POPULATION

Without a
population
there can be no
State.
ELEMENTS OF STATE
TERRITORY
Force territory should be a fixed and
bounded portion of the earth’s
surface. Within it, are natural
resources that are vital for people to
live. The inhabitants
have the responsibility to conserve
and protect these resources.
Furthermore, the
people must be able to defend their
state from invaders and doing so,
the use of forces may be justified.
ELEMENTS OF STATE

GOVERNMENT
In order to maintain an
organized state, there should be
a government. The government
is that body where people,
through their representatives,
can express their desire. This is
where that laws to be
implemented in the country are
enacted.
ELEMENTS OF STATE

BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT
Legislative
Judiciary

Executive
ELEMENTS OF STATE
BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT
Legislative
which
formulate the
will of the
state.
ELEMENTS OF STATE
BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT
Legislative
which formulate the will of the state.
ELEMENTS OF STATE

BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT
Executive
enforces and
implements
the laws.
 ELEMENTS OF STATE

BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT
Executive enforces and implements the laws.
ELEMENTS OF STATE
BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT
Executive enforces and implements the laws.
ELEMENTS OF STATE
BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT
Judiciary which
applies the laws
to specific cases
and settles the
Disputes.
 ELEMENTS OF STATE
BRANCHES OF GOVERNMENT
Judiciary which applies the laws to specific cases and settles the Disputes.
 SOVEREIGNTY
It refers to the supreme power of the state to rule itself without
interference from other state. This means that the state is an
independent entity where people enjoy freedom. A territory is not a
state if it is not independent.
 SOVEREIGNTY
It refers to the supreme power of the state to rule itself without
interference from other state. This means that the state is an
independent entity where people enjoy freedom. A territory is not a
state if it is not independent.
 INTERNAL SOVEREIGNTY
It means the power of the State to order
and regulate the activities of all the
people, groups and institutions which are
at work within its territory. All these
institutions always act in accordance with
the laws of the State. The State can
punish them for every violation of any of
its laws.
 EXTERNAL SOVEREIGNTY
It means complete independence of the
State from external control. It also
means the full freedom of the State to
participate in the activities of the
community of nations. Each state has the
sovereign power to formulate and act on
the basis of its independent foreign
policy.
EXTERNAL SOVEREIGNTY
 A community of persons, more or less
numerous, occupying a definite portion of
Earth’s Surface having its own government.

S_AT_
 A community of persons, more or less
numerous, occupying a definite portion of
Earth’s Surface having its own government.

STATE
It should be a fixed and bounded portion of
the earth’s surface. Within it, are natural
resources that are vital for people to live.

T_R__T__Y
It should be a fixed and bounded portion of
the earth’s surface. Within it, are natural
resources that are vital for people to live.

TERRITORY
Is important that a community of persons is
composed of both males and females for
purposes of reproduction.

P___LE
Is important that a community of persons is
composed of both males and females for
purposes of reproduction.

PEOPLE
This is where that laws to be implemented in
the country are enacted.

G_V____E_T
 ELEMENTS OF STATE

BRANCHES OF _____________
Legislative
Judiciary

Executive
ELEMENTS OF STATE
Legislative
which formulate the will of the state.
 ELEMENTS OF STATE
Executive enforces and implements the
laws.
ELEMENTS OF STATE
Executive enforces and implements the
laws.
ELEMENTS OF STATE
Judiciary which applies the laws to specific cases
and settles the Disputes.
This is where that laws to be implemented in
the country are enacted.

G_V____E_T
This is where that laws to be implemented in
the country are enacted.

GOVERNMENT
Refers to the supreme power of the state to rule
itself without interference from other state.

SO__R__GN_Y
 INTERNAL SOVEREIGNTY
It means the power of the State to order
and regulate the activities of all the
people, groups and institutions which are
at work within its territory. All these
institutions always act in accordance with
the laws of the State. The State can
punish them for every violation of any of
its laws.
INTERNAL SOVEREIGNTY
 EXTERNAL SOVEREIGNTY
It means complete independence of the
State from external control. It also
means the full freedom of the State to
participate in the activities of the
community of nations. Each state has the
sovereign power to formulate and act on
the basis of its independent foreign
policy.
EXTERNAL SOVEREIGNTY
Refers to the supreme power of the state to rule
itself without interference from other state.

SO__R__GN_Y
Refers to the supreme power of the state to rule
itself without interference from other state.

SOVEREIGNTY
ORIGINS
OF STATE
ORIGINS OF STATE
 DIVINE THEORY
• It holds that the state was created by God for the
people.
• The State its advocates maintain was Created by God
and governed by His deputy or vicegerent.
• He (God) sent His deputy to rule over them .
• The ruler was divinely appointed agent and he was
responsible for his actions to God alone.
• As the ruler was the deputy of God, obedience to him
was held to be religious duty and resistance a sin.
• To complain against the authority of the ruler and
characterize his actions as unjust was a sin for which
there was divine punishment.
 SOCIAL CONTRACT THEORY
• The people have agreed to established
the state to their common benefit.
• It postulates a state of nature as the
original condition’s mankind and a
social contract.
• The state of nature was not an
organized society.
• Each man living therein led a life of his
own, uncontrolled by any laws of
human imposition.
 FORCE THEORY
• It was established through the use of force in order
for people to follow.
• Emphasizes the origin of the State in subornation of
the weak to the strong.
• A person physically stronger than captured and
enslaved the weak.
• Having increased the number of his followers, over
whom he exercised undisputed authority, he became a
tribal chief.
• The powerful conquered the weak this process of
conquest and domination continued till the victorious
tribe secured control over a definite territory.
FUNCTIONS
OF STATE
FUNCTIONS OF STATE
• It maintains law, order and stability, resolves various
kinds of disputes through the legal system;
• It provides common defense;
• Looks out for the welfare of the population in ways
that are beyond the means of the individual, such as
implementing public health measures
• Provide mass education and underwrites expensive
medical research and;
• And it operates in the interests of various dominant
groups, such as economic classes and racial and
ethnic groups.,
ANY QUESTIONS?
ANY QUESTIONS?
NON-STATE
INSTITUTIONS
These are institutions which are not
owned and controlled by the
government. Some non-state
institutions are either for profit or
non-profit and some are for
personal investments and financial
assistance.
NON-STATE
INSTITUTIONS
• Banks and Corporations
• Cooperatives and Trade Unions
• Transnational Advocacy Groups
• Development Agencies
• Non-governmental
Organization (NGOS)
NON-STATE
INSTITUTIONS
Banks and Corporations
A bank is a financial institution
which deals with deposits and
advances and other related
services. It receives money from
those who want to save in the form
of deposits and it lends money to
those who need.
 NON-STATE INSTITUTIONS

BDO Unibank Inc. is the largest of the banks in the Philippines

in terms of assets. The full-service universal bank also takes the
lead in consolidated resources, deposits, customer loans, and
branch and ATM network all over the country.
 NON-STATE INSTITUTIONS

BDO offers a wide range of products and services, such as

deposits, lending, foreign exchange, trusts and investments,
brokering, credit cards, remittances, and corporate cash
management. Founded in 1968 as a thrift bank called Acme
Savings Bank, it was renamed Banco de Oro Savings and
Mortgage Bank when it was acquired by the Sy Group in 1976.
NON-STATE INSTITUTIONS

Metropolitan Bank & Trust Company, or Metrobank, is

one of the premier financial institutions in the country. It
currently offers a wide range of banking products and
services all over the world, with its network of more than
2,300 ATMs, 950 local branches, 32 foreign branches, and
representative offices.
NON-STATE INSTITUTIONS

founded in 1962 and opened its first branch a year later.

In 1970, it opened its first international branch in Taipei.
Three years later, it established a representative office in
Hong Kong. Metrobank was also the first of the private
banks in the Philippines to open in the US with its office
in Guam in1975
NON-STATE INSTITUTIONS

The government-owned Land Bank of the Philippines is

considered the largest formal credit institution in the
rural areas. It is also one of the top
commercial banks in the Philippines in terms of assets,
loans, and deposits.
NON-STATE INSTITUTIONS

Landbank was established in 1963 to help farmers and

fishermen through revenues from its commercial
banking operations. It enables the universal bank to
strike a balance between maintaining a financially viable
institution and supporting rural development initiatives.
The universal bank manages a strong rural branch
network consisting of 365 branches and more than 1,600
ATMs.
FUNCTIONS OF BANKS
1. Banks are depository of savings.
2. Banks are largely responsible for
the payments system.
3. Banks issue loans to both people
and companies.
Corporations
A corporation is a company or group
of people authorized to act as single
entity and recognized as such in law.
Early incorporated entities were
established by charter. Most
jurisdictions now allow the creation
of new corporations through
registration.
Corporations
A corporation come in many
different types but are usually
divided by the law of jurisdiction
where they are chartered into two
kinds: by whether or not theycan
issue stocks or by whether or not
they are for profit.
Corporations
One of the
corporations in the
Philippines is SM
Investments Corp.
It is incorporated on
Jan. 15, 1960. It
serves as the
holding company of
the SM Group, with
interests in retail,
property and
banking.
Cooperatives
Cooperative is firm owned, controlled, and
operated by a group of users for their own
benefits. Each member contributes equity
capital, and shares in the control of the
firm in the basis of one-member one vote.
It is an autonomous association of persons
united voluntary to meet their
common economic, social, and cultural
needs and aspirations through a jointly-
owned and emocratically-
controlledenterprise.
Cooperatives
ACDI Multipurpose
Cooperative it is the
largest cooperative in the
country with an asset
base of nearly 12.29
Billion pesos as of
December 2014. Awarded
as the Gawad Parangal
Most Outstanding
Cooperative Large-Scale
Category by the
Cooperative
Development Authority.
Trade Unions
A trade union is an organization
made up of member (a member-
based organization) and its
membership must be made up
mainly of workers. The main
purpose is to protect and advance
the interest of its members in the
workplace.
Trade Unions
Trade Union Congress of the
Philippines (TUCP), with 1.2
million members, is the
biggest confederation of
labor
federations in the Philippines.
It was founded on December
14, 1975 by 23 labor
federations which saw the
necessity and importance of
uniting themselves into a
strong and dynamic labor
center.
Development agencies
The most influential groups of
non-state institutions. These are
organizations which provide
development assistance between
national and international
institutions. Usually, these are the
links that bind different states
together.
Development agencies
The most influential
groups of non-state
institutions. These are
organizations which
provide development
assistance between
national and international
institutions. Usually, these
are the links that bind
different states
together.
 Development agencies

1. United Nations Educational, Scientific, and

Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
Development agencies
United Nations Educational, Scientific, and
Cultural Organization (UNESCO)

“Towards
inclusive and
equitable quality
education and
lifelong learning
for all”.
Development agencies
United Nations Educational, Scientific, and
Cultural Organization (UNESCO)
Education as a fundamental
human right is at the core of
UNESCO’s mission of bringing
sustainable peace and
development. In consultation
with the national commission
and in partnership with
relevant stakeholders to
nation states.
Development agencies

2. United Nations Development

Programme (UNDP)
 Development agencies
UNDP’s Country Programme Document (2019-
2023) focuses on three key areas of intervention:

• improving access to social services for

the poor,
• supporting the transition to
environmentally sustainable development,
• responding to the drivers of
conflict.
Development agencies
The UNDP is the United Nations’
development agency that aims to
eradicate poverty and reduce inequalities
and social exclusion in the developing
countries. Its primary purpose is to help
countries to craft and develop policies,
leadership skills, networking and
collaborative abilities, institutional
capacity building, and building resilience
among nations so that they can sustain
development results.
Development agencies

3. United Nations Children’s

Fund (UNICEF)
Development agencies
United Nations Children’s
Fund (UNICEF)
It is an international
organization that
provides humanitarian
and developmental
assistance and support
to young people in
developing and least
developed countries.
Development agencies
Programs:
• Child protection and
inclusion
• Child Survival
• Education
Development agencies
United Nations Children’s Fund
(UNICEF)

1. Child protection and inclusion.

Development agencies
United Nations Children’s Fund
(UNICEF)

2. Child survival.
Development agencies
United Nations Children’s Fund
(UNICEF)

3. Education
Transnational
advocacy groups
Influence the government to take
action on matters commonly
neglected. A group maybe a national
or an international organization that
promotes and advocates progress
and development related to
particular issues of the society.
(Contreras, et al., 2016). Greenpeace
and Human Rights Watch are some
examples.
Transnational
advocacy groups
Influence the government to take
action on matters commonly
neglected. A group maybe a national
or an international organization that
promotes and advocates progress
and development related to
particular issues of the society.
(Contreras, et al., 2016). Greenpeace
and Human Rights Watch are some
examples.
Transnational
advocacy groups
1. National and International nongovernmental
organizations (NGOs)
2. Local social movements
3. Foundations
4. The media
5. Religious organizations, trade unions and
consumer organizations
6. Intellectual and scholars
7. Agencies within international and regional
intergovernmental
organizations
8. Parts of executive or parliamentary branches
of government
Transnational
advocacy groups
This varies actors from visible ties and
mutually understood roles. They
develop strategically linked activities
among themselves in order to forward a
principled cause. They work on multiple
fronts, using different methods. They seek
not merely to influence, but to change the
very terms and values international
policy and practice.
Non-governmental
Organization (NGOS)
A non-governmental organization (NGO) is
a not-for-profit organization
that is independent from states and
international governmental organizations.
They are usually funded by donations but
some avoid formal funding altogether and
run funded and are run primarily by
volunteers. Examples of NGOs include those
that support human rights, advocate for
improved health or encourage political
participation.
Non-governmental Organization
(NGOS)
Non-governmental Organization
(NGOS)
ROLES OF NON-GOVERNMENTAL
ORGANIZATION (NGOS)
1. Development and Operation of Infrastructure:
Community-based organizations
(CBOs) and cooperatives can acquire,
subdivide and develop land construct
housing, provide infrastructure,
operate and maintain infrastructure
such as well or public toilets and solid
waste collection services.
 Non-governmental Organization
(NGOS)
ROLES OF NON-GOVERNMENTAL
ORGANIZATION (NGOS)
2. Supporting Innovation, Demonstration and Pilots
Projects:
NGOs have the advantage of selecting
particular places for innovate projects
and specify in advance in the length of time
which they will be supporting the
project the project-overcoming some of the
shortcomings that government face in this
respect.
Non-governmental Organization
(NGOS)
ROLES OF NON-GOVERNMENTAL
ORGANIZATION (NGOS)
3. Facilitating Communication:

NGOs use interpersonal methods of

communication, and study the right
entry points whereby they gain the
trust of the community they seek to
benefit.
Non-governmental Organization
(NGOS)
ROLES OF NON-GOVERNMENTAL
ORGANIZATION (NGOS)
4. Technical Assistance and Training:

Training institutions and NGOs can

develop a technical assistance and
training capacity and use this to
assist both CBOs and governments.
Non-governmental Organization
(NGOS)
ROLES OF NON-GOVERNMENTAL
ORGANIZATION (NGOS)
5. Research Monitoring and Evaluation:
Innovative activities need to be
carefully documented and shared –
effective participatory monitoring
would permit that share of results with
the people themselves as well as with
the project staff.
Non-governmental Organization
(NGOS)
ROLES OF NON-GOVERNMENTAL
ORGANIZATION (NGOS)
6. Advocacy for and with the Poor:
In some cases, NGOs become
spokespersons or ombudsmen for
the poor and attempt to influence
government policies and
programmers on their behalf.
FUNCTIONS OF
NON-STATE
INSTITUTION
FUNCTIONS OF NON-STATE
• provide a safe place to save excess cash, known as
deposits;

• cooperatives and trade unions are non-state

institutions play a major role in the economic
development of the society; and

• legal entitles which are established under the state of

law that are designed to generate a profit.
FUNCTIONS OF
NON-STATE
INSTITUTION
Nakinig kaba?
RECITATION
Enumerate the
Elements of
State
Enumerate the
three branches
of Government
If one element of
State is missing,
can we still call it
a state?
 People and
companies can loan
in this form of non-
state institutions.
UNDP means?
UNESCO means?
It regulates the will
of state.
Difference between
cooperative and
trade Union.
 Without looking at
your notes, enumerate
the forms of non-state
institutions.
 THANK YOU
FOR LISTENING!