DESIGN AND PLANNING OF DRUG REHAB CENTRE;

RECOVERY THROUGH DESIGN

DISSERTATION
BACHELOR OF ARCHITECTURE

By
KETHOSENO ZETSUVI
Enrollment No : 2019520892

Coordinated By:
ANJALI VERMA CHARU JAIN
(Prof.) (Assoc. Prof.)

Guided By:
KRISHAN KUMAR
(Asst. Professor)

SCHOOL OF DESIGN, PLANNING AND ARCHITECTURE

SHARDA UNIVERSITY
GREATER NOIDA – 201301
NOVEMBER, 2023
CANDIDATE’S DECLARATION

I hereby certify that the work, which is being presented in the

dissertation, entitled Design and Planning of Drug Rehab centre in partial

fulfillment of the requirement for the award of the Degree of BACHELORS OF

ARCHITECTURE submitted in the School of Architecture & Planning,

Sharda University is an authentic record of my own work carried out during

the period from July 2023 to Nov 2016 under the supervision of Ar. KRISHAN

KUMAR.

The matter embodied in this thesis report has not been submitted by me for

the award of any other degree.

Place: Sharda University,Greater Noida.

Dated: Nov 16 , 2023

(KETHOSENO ZETSUVI)

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 ACKNOWLEDGEMENT

I have received a great deal of support and guidance in the writing of this
dissertation.

I would like to thank my dissertation mentor, Ar. KRISHAN KUMAR, whose

knowledge was valuable in developing research objective and methodology.
Your positive encouragement pushed me to refine my perspective and to
introduce my research to a maximum standard. I would like to thank you for
your patient support and for all the resources I have been given further to my
research.

I am highly grateful to Prof. Anjali Verma and Prof. Charu Jain for their
constant guidance and inspiration.

Further on I want to thank my dearest parents and dear friends

Viketsono ,Metsivikho ,Karmala and Divya for their constant support and
companionship while I was writing this dissertation.

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 INDEX

Page

CHAPTER 1. SYNOPSIS 1-5

1.1 Abstract 1
1.2 Introduction 2
1.3 Need of study 2-3
1.4 Aim 3
1.5 Objectives 3
1.6 Hypothesis 4
1.7 Scope 4
1.8 Limitation 4
1.9 Methodology 5
1.10 Questionnaire 6

CHAPTER 2. LITERATURE 7-30

2.1 Introduction
2.1.1 What is drug and drug addiction 8
2.1.2 Types of drugs 8-9
2.1.3 Factors involving in the development of addiction 9-10
2.1.4 Effects of substance abuse addiction 10-11
2.1.5 Societal stigma and attitude 11-12

2.2 History of drug rehab centers

2.2.1 What is rehab center 12-13
2.2.2 Importance and need of drug rehab centers 13-14
2.2.3 Roots of rehabilitation 14-15
2.2.4 Evolution of drug rehab centers over time 15

2.3 Types of drug rehab centers

2.3.1 Inpatient rehab center 16
2.3.2 Outpatient rehab center 16-17
2.3.3 Categories of drug rehabilitation facilities
2.3.3.1 Luxury rehab centers 18
2.3.3.2 Basic treatment rehab centers 17-18

2.4 Therapeutic Architecture

2.4.1 What is therapeutic architecture 19
2.4.2 Role of architecture in therapy 19-20
2.4.3 Fundamental components and basic structure of therapeutic 20-30
architecture
30-31
2.5 Current architectural trends in drug rehab centers
CHAPTER 3. CASE STUDIES 31-62

3.1 Muktangan Mitra

3.1.1 Introduction 34-35
3.1.2 Justification 35
3.1.3 Parameters
3.1.3.1 Medical facilities/services 35-36
3.1.3.2 Orientation 36-37
3.1.3.3 Climate considerations 37
3.1.3.4 Materials 38-39
3.1.3.5 Therapeutic landscaping//Access to nature 39-40
3.1.3.6 Natural light and ventilation 40
3.1.3.7 Colors 40
3.1.3.8 Sensory considerations 40-41
3.1.4 Inference 41-43

3.2 Groot Klimmendaal Rehabilitation Centre

3.2.1 Introduction 43-44
3.2.2 Justification 4445
3.2.3 Parameters
3.2.3.1 Medical facilities/services 45
3.2.3.3 Climate considerations 46
3.2.3.4 Materials 46-47
3.2.3.5Therapeutic landscaping//Access to nature 47-48
3.2.3.6 Natural light and ventilation 48
3.2.3.7 Colors 4849
3.2.3.8 Sensory considerations 50
3.2.4 Inference 50-52

3.3 Alpha Healing Centre

3.3.1 Introduction 52-53
3.3.2 Justification 54
3.3.3 Parameters
3.3.3.1 Medical facilities/services 54-55
3.3.3.2 Orientation 55-56
3.3.3.3 Climate considerations 56
3.3.3.4 Materials 56-57
3.3.3.5 Therapeutic landscaping//Access to nature 57-58
3.3.3.6 Natural light and ventilation 58-59
3.3.3.7 Colors 59
3.3.3.8 Sensory considerations 59-60
3.3.3.9 Other features if any 60
3.3.4 Inference 60-62

3.4 Kripa Foundation

3.4.1 Introduction 62-63
 3.4.2 Justification 63-64
3.4.3 Parameters
3.4.3.1 Medical facilities/services 64
3.4.3.2 Orientation 65
3.4.3.3 Climate considerations 65-66
3.4.3.4 Materials 66
3.4.3.6 Natural light and ventilation 66-67
3.4.4 Inference 67-68

CHAPTER 4. ANALYSIS CHART 69-73

CHAPTER 5. CONCLUSION 74-75

References 76-78
LIST OF FIGURES

CHAPTER 1
Page
1. Status of treatment for drug and alcohol dependent ………………….. 3
according to the latest survey(India) by NDDTC and AIIMS

CHAPTER 2

2. Visual depiction of society’s stigma towards drug addiction ………...….12

3. One of the first meeting at AA ……………………………………….…..…14
4. A regional service center of AA……………………………………….….…14
5. Illustration of an inpatient treatment………………………………………………..…..16
6. Illustration of an outpatient treatment…………………………………………….….…16
7. Example of a luxury rehab - Alpha healing center, Juhu Mumba …………….…….18
8. Example of a basic treatment rehab center - Dimapur……………………………….18
Life Challenge,Nagaland
9. Incorporating natural light………………………………………………………………..20
10. Building orientation for optimum energy …………………………………………….…21
11. Use of natural light into building’s interior ……………………………………….……21
12. Use of clerestory windows in hospitals ………………………………………………..22
13. Relaxing green space …………………………………………………………………...24
14. .Bringing nature indoors …………………………………………………………………25
15. Incorporating natural elements indoors…………………………………………….…..25
16. Psychology of colors……………………………………………………………………...26

CHAPTER 3

17. Muktangan rehab center………………………………………………………………….34

18. Services …………………………………………………………………………………...36
19. Site plan……………………………………………………………………………………37
20. Retaining stone walls,stepped balconies and glass windows………………………...38
21. Amphitheatre and greenery…………………………………………………………….…39
22. Groot Klimmendaal appearing through the foliage……………………………………..42
23. The building program is stacked up vertically…………………………………………..44
24. Connection to nature in the huge cafeteria……………………………………………..45

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25. Groot Klimendaal appearing through the foliage…………………………………..…47
26. The colour used experientially for wayfinding in circulation spaces…………….….48
27. Aerial view of Alpha Healing Center …………………………………………….…….49
28. Concept development…………………………………………………………….……..50
29. Layout and administration plan………………………………………………….……...52
30. Recreation and accommodation area ………………………………………….….….52
31. Top view of the site showing the parallel road to the state highway ……….………53
32. Use of stone,wood materials in AHC……………………………………………….…..54
33. Therapeutic spaces ……………………………………………………………….……..55
34. Site location from google map and site plan…………………………………….……..58
35. Entrance of Kripa rehab center ………………………………………………….……..59
36. Area distribution and services provided ………………………………………….…….60
37. Site plan and zoning of public/private spaces …………………………………………60
38. Site plan and zoning of public/private spaces………………………………………….61

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1. SYNOPSIS

1.1 ABSTRACT

The design and planning of drug rehabilitation centers play a crucial role in
fostering the recovery and overall well-being of patients. This report explores
the significance of effective planning and design strategies in enhancing the
treatment outcomes and the quality of life for individuals seeking recovery
from substance abuse.
It aims to study and explore the key aspects of planning and design that can
positively impact the rehabilitation process. Through comprehensive literature
review and analysis of different case studies, examining real-world examples
of successful rehab centers it highlights innovative designs, patient-focused
amenities, and integrated treatment facilities, to provide insights and
recommendations which serve as a valuable resource for creating
environments that not only adhere to industry standards but also go above
and beyond to maximize the well-being of patients.
By focusing on optimal functionality, it contributes to the ongoing efforts to
improve the quality of care delivered in rehab centers. The holistic approach
of the study which will provide a understanding of the intricate relationship
between the physical environment and the recovery process and facilitate the
creation of drug rehab centers that truly prioritize the recovery and well-being
of their patients.

Keywords : Rehabilitation,recovery,addiction,restoration,healing
architecture ,therapeutic,

1
1.2 INTRODUCTION

The number of people with drug and alcohol addiction has grown dramatically
in recent years and has become an epidemic.This issue affects individuals
across all demographic groups equally.
The driving force behind my interest in choosing this topic is my genuine
interest to explore,research and expand my understanding in this particular
branch of study and how the design of a rehabilitation center can help in the
care of each patient’s experiences and requirements.
Although attitudes towards addictions are changing,there is still a general
attitude that addiction problems are caused due to excessive and over-
indulgent behaviors. The family of the addicts and the users often experience
shame and fear when it comes to seeking help because of the societal stigma
that surrounds addiction. Society still sees stopping the addiction by a matter
of will power. However with time attitudes are slowly changing and now
people are beginning to accept addiction as a disease like all other diseases
that needs medical help.
For this type of patient, the environment can influence treatment outcomes.
The physical appearance and the aesthetic of architecture needs to be de-
institutionalized and refocused on a home type environment.
It is important to consider the needs of these individuals while designing a
space for what they require, incorporating architectural spacial design and
elements which will provide a peaceful and therapeutic experience and help
individuals feel comfortable and motivated to engage in their recovery journey.

“Recovery is not the end of addiction. It is the end of ignorance about

addiction.” – Dr. Anand Nadkarni

1.3 NEED OF STUDY

Taking an exemplary instance of my place Nagaland where the use of drug

and alcohol addiction is on the rise ,witnessing a significant increase
especially in the year 2023 among the youths which is causing a real time
concerning issue in our society.

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Based on observation,there is lack of proper rehabilitation centers.There is
hardly any rehab centers with adequate facilities,even the existing ones are
are situated in the midst of bustling towns and not in ideal locations and
environment that is required for their treatment, leaving individuals struggling
with addiction without adequate support and resources for recovery.

Treatment for drug dependent Treatment for alcohol dependent

Fig 1. Status of treatment for drug and alcohol dependent according to the latest
survey(India) by NDDTC and AIIMS
Source : https://socialjustice.gov.in

Despite the challenges and limitations,it is yet commendable to acknowledge

that there are at least some rehab centers available which may still offer
valuable help to those in need but there is a substantial amount of work to be
done in this overlooked and neglected field.

1.4 AIM

To study and analyze effective planning and design strategies for drug rehab
centers, with a focus on enhancing the recovery and well-being of patients
with optimal functionality.

1.5 OBJECTIVES

1. To understand the basic concept of drug rehab center.

2. To study the types of drug rehab centers.
3. To identify the design strategies that should be incorporated in the design
of a good rehab center for drug abuse.
4. To conduct case studies of different rehab centers.

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1.6 HYPOTHESIS

A thoughtfully planned and well structured drug rehab center will not only
enhance the overall effectiveness of a rehabilitation program but also improve
the patient outcomes and contribute to higher rates of successful recovery.

1.7 SCOPE

 In-depth study of the users to come up with an effective and optimal

solution.
 Comprehensive study of the functional layout and strategic planning of a
rehab center.
 To examine the trans-formative potential of architectural interventions in
rehab centers and the ability to create a more inviting and hospitable
environment.

1.8 LIMITATIONS

 This dissertation is restricted to the study of drug rehabs only and does
not encompass the study of rehab centers for other purposes.
 This research project relies on self-conducted research and personal
study, which can lack certain insights and also create subjectivity into
some findings .
 Data collection includes mainly from the 20th century onwards.

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1.9 METHODOLOGY

Source : Author

OUTLINE OF LITERATURE STUDY

5
Source : Author

1.10 QUESTIONNAIRE

1. Why do many places lack proper facilities for rehab centers ?

2. What are the challenges faced by rehab centers ?
3. Why is there a need to have a proper functioning rehab center ?
4. What is the importance of architecture in the field of addiction recovery
and rehabilitation?

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5. What environmental factors can affect the treatment outcome? What are
the appropriate landscaping elements to be considered ?
6. What are the needed spaces to ensure a successful facility?
7. How can this facility be a positive influence in the community?

2. LITERATURE REVIEW

2.1 Introduction
2.1.1 What is drug and drug addiction
2.1.2 Types of drugs
2.1.3 Factors involving in the development of addiction
2.1.4 Effects of substance abuse addiction
2.1.5 Societal stigma and attitude
2.2 History of drug rehab centers
2.2.1 What is drug rehab
2.2.2 Importance and need of drug rehab centers
2.2.3 Roots of rehabilitation
2.2.4 Evolution of drug rehab centers over time.
2.3 Types of drug rehab centers
2.3.1 Inpatient rehab center
2.3.2 Outpatient rehab center
2.3.3 Categories of drug rehabilitation facilities
2.3.3.1 Luxury rehab centers
2.3.3.2 Basic treatment rehab centers
2.4 Therapeutic Architecture
2.4.1 What is therapeutic architecture
2.4.2 Role of architecture in therapy
2.4.3 Fundamental components and basic structure of therapeutic
architecture
2.5 Current architectural trends in drug rehab centers

7
2.1 INTRODUCTION

2.1.1 What is drug and drug addiction ?

A drug is a substance which has the ability to change the normal functioning
of the body, either physically or mentally, when introduced into the body's
system. Drugs can produce a wide range of effects, from providing
therapeutic benefits when used under correct medical supervision to causing
changes in mood, consciousness, perception or behavior when used
inappropriately.
Drug addiction also known as substance use disorder (SUD), is a chronic and
complex medical condition characterized by the compulsive and harmful use
of drugs or substance.It typically develops due to the result of repeated drug
use which leads to changes in the brain's structure and function.When a
person is addicted to a drug, their use of the substance becomes out of
control, and they tend to prioritize the use of drug over other aspects of their
life such as work, relationships, and health.

2.1.2 Types of drugs

There are many types of drugs that can be abused, they can generally be
categorized into several main classes:

1. Stimulants: Stimulant area drugs that increase alertness, energy, and focus.
They can lead to addiction due to their ability to produce intense euphoria
and heightened alertness. Some common stimulants includes cocaine,
amphetamines, methamphetamine, and prescription medications such as
Adderall and Ritalin as well,if taken inappropriately
2. Depressants: Depressant drugs also known as sedatives or tranquilizers,
slow down the central nervous system. They are often taken to relieve
anxiety and give relaxation. Some common depressants include alcohol,
benzodiazepines (e.g., Xanax, Valium), and certain sleep medications.

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3. Opioids: These are one among powerful pain relievers, but they also
produce a sense of euphoria. These drugs can lead to physical and
psychological dependence. Examples of opioids such as heroin,
prescription painkillers like oxycodone and hydrocodone, and synthetic
opioids like fentanyl.
4. Hallucinogens: Hallucinogenic drugs changes mood, perception and
consciousness. They can lead to addiction due to their psychedelic effects
and potential for escapism.Some common hallucinogens include LSD,
psilocybin (magic mushrooms), and MDMA (ecstasy).
5. Cannabis: Even though cannabis are often considered to be less addictive
than other drugs, some individuals can develop a dependence on it.
Cannabis addiction is caused by continues use despite negative
consequences.
6. Inhalants: These are volatile substances which can produce chemical
vapors that are inhaled to get a psychoactive, or mind-altering effect.
Examples such as solvents, aerosol sprays, and nitrous oxide.
7. Prescription Medications: Certain prescription medications can be
addictive when it is not used appropriately as directed by a healthcare
professional. Examples such as opioids, benzodiazepines, and other such
stimulants.

2.1.3 Factors involving in the development of addiction :

1. Biological Factors: Genetics can play a major role in addiction

susceptibility. Some individuals may have a genetic inclination to addiction,
making them more vulnerable to developing substance use disorders.
2. Environmental Factors: A person’s exposure to drugs, social and
environmental context can influence addiction risk. Factors such as peer
pressure, trauma,family history of addiction and easy access to drugs
can contribute.
3. Psychological Factors: Psychological factors, such as stress, mental
health disorders, and lack of healthy coping mechanisms, can increase
the likelihood of addiction.

9
4. Neurochemical Changes: Repeated use of drugs can lead to changes in
the brain that makes the brain accustomed to the presence of the drug,
leading to intolerance and needing more drugs for the same effect and
showing withdrawal symptoms when drug is not used.
5. Behavioral Factors: Addiction often involves uncontrollable drug-seeking
behavior, where individuals continue to use drugs in-spite of obvious
negative consequences.

2.1.4 Effects of substance abuse addiction on the user

Drug and alcohol addiction have a wide range of physical, psychological, and
social effects on the user, which can vary depending on the type and extent of
substance use.

Physical Effects:
Health Problems: Long-term drug and alcohol abuse can lead to serious
health issues, including liver damage, heart disease, respiratory problems,
and increased risk of certain cancers.
Withdrawal Symptoms: When a person addicted to drugs or alcohol
attempts to quit or cut down, they often experience withdrawal symptoms,
which can be physically and mentally distressing. These symptoms may
include nausea, sweating, tremors, seizures, and more.
Tolerance: Over time, individuals may develop tolerance, requiring larger
amounts of the substance to achieve the desired effect. This can increase the
risk of overdose.
Physical Dependence: Physical dependence on drugs or alcohol can result
in the body needing the substance to function normally. Sudden cessation can
lead to withdrawal symptoms.

Psychological Effects:
Mental Health Issues: Substance abuse is often linked to mental health
problems, such as depression, anxiety, and increased risk of suicidal thoughts
or behaviors.

10
Impaired Cognitive Function: Prolonged drug and alcohol use can impair
cognitive function, affecting memory, attention, and decision-making abilities.
Changes in Mood: Substance abuse can lead to mood swings, irritability,
aggression, and emotional instability.
Psychosis: In some cases, particularly with certain drugs like
methamphetamine or hallucinogens, individuals may experience psychosis,
including hallucinations and delusions.

Social and Behavioral Effects:

Relationship Strain: Addiction can strain relationships with family, friends,
and colleagues due to erratic behavior, neglect of responsibilities, and
dishonesty.
Financial Problems: Substance abuse can lead to financial difficulties as
individuals spend money to support their addiction or lose their jobs due to
impaired performance.
Legal Issues: Drug and alcohol addiction can result in legal problems, such
as arrests for drug possession or driving under the influence.
Isolation: Many individuals struggling with addiction withdraw from social
activities and isolate themselves from loved ones.
Loss of Control: Addiction often leads to a loss of control over one's life, as
individuals prioritize obtaining and using the substance over other important
aspects of their lives.
Risk-Taking Behavior: Individuals with addiction may engage in risky
behaviors, such as driving while intoxicated, which can lead to accidents and
harm to themselves and others.
Neglect of Self-Care: Maintaining one's health, hygiene, and overall well-
being tends to deteriorate as addiction progresses.

2.1.5 Societal stigma and attitude

Societal stigma and attitudes towards drug addiction have been complex and
problematic. It often revolves around misconceptions, moral judgment, and
fear rather than a health issue that needs medical help. This stigma can lead
to discrimination, harsh judgement, and barriers to accessing treatment. With

11
time people are now becoming more aware and gradually efforts have been
taken to educate the public through media,campaigns etc. Changing these
attitudes is essential to encourage early intervention, access to support, and a
more compassionate and effective approach to addressing drug addiction in
society.

Fig 2. Visual depiction of society’s stigma towards drug addiction

Source : https://publichealth.jhu.edu/2021/covid-19-and-stigma

2.2 HISTORY OF DRUG REHAB CENTERS

2.2.1 What is a rehab center ?

A rehabilitation center, often referred to as a rehab center, is a specialized

facility that provide treatment and support for a wide variety of ailments and
conditions with various forms of therapy, treatment, and support to individuals
recovering from physical, mental, or behavioral health issues.
The primary goal of a rehab center is to help individuals regain or improve
their functional abilities, independence, and overall well-being after
experiencing a medical condition, injury, or addiction.

Rehabilitation centers encompass a wide range of services and treatment

programs tailored to different needs, some of which are :
• Drug and Alcohol Rehabilitation
• Physical Rehabilitation
• Mental Health Rehabilitation
• Behavioral Rehabilitation

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• Neurological Rehabilitation
• Speech and Language Rehabilitation
• Pediatric Rehabilitation
• Geriatric Rehabilitation

This dissertation is specifically focused on the study of drug rehabilitation

centers only.

What is a drug rehab center ?

Drug rehabilitation centers are facilities that specialize in helping individuals

recover from substance abuse and addiction issues. The primary objective of
a drug rehab center is to help individuals overcome their addiction, achieve
sobriety, and develop the skills and strategies needed to maintain a drug-free
life.

2.2.2 Importance and need of drug rehab centers.

Drug rehab centers are of prime importance due to its crucial role in
addressing the destructive impact of addiction on individuals and society
which has become an alarming issue today that affects the whole democratic
group. Drug rehab centers provide a safe and a structured environment for
individuals struggling with substance abuse to receive specialized care and
the support they require. They not only help individuals break free from
addiction but also equip them with the tools and strategies necessary for long-
term recovery. These facilities reduces societal burden of addiction and
contribute to healthier communities and families. It stands as symbol of hope,
offering a path towards a healthier and substance-free life.
It is important to consider the needs of these individuals while designing a
space for what they require , implementing architectural spacial design and
elements which can help provide a healing, peaceful, and therapeutic
experience.Promoting and planning a supportive,inviting and a safe
community space, will help individuals feel comfortable and motivated to

13
engage in their recovery journey and encouraging them to reach out for the
help they need to overcome addiction and begin on a path to recovery.
Architecture can indeed significantly contribute to the success of addiction
recovery and treatment centers, enhancing the overall experience for
individuals seeking help.

2.2.3 Roots of rehabilitation

Drug rehabilitation has a rich historical legacy, influenced by a combination of

medical knowledge, societal perspectives,and evolving attitudes towards
addiction. Beginning from the early medical interventions in ancient
civilizations to the control and prohibition movements of the 19th and 20th
centuries, gradual progress can be seen in the recognition of the need to
address substance use problems.
One of the pioneering organizations for substance and drug addiction in the
world is Alcoholics Anonymous (AA). Founded in 1935 by Bill Wilson and Dr.
Bob Smith in the United States, AA is considered one of the earliest and most
influential mutual support groups for individuals struggling with alcohol
addiction.

Fig 3. One of the first meeting at Fig 4. A regional service center

Alcoholics Anonymous of Alcoholics Anonymous
Sources : https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Alcoholics_Anonymous
It is an organization for individuals to share their experiences,provide support
to one another, and work towards achieving and maintaining sobriety which
paved the way for community-based treatment programs. The success of AA's
approach laid the groundwork for the development of similar organizations
and support groups for various substance addictions, including Narcotics

14
Anonymous (NA), Cocaine Anonymous (CA), and others. These organizations
made significant impact in addiction recovery worldwide and have inspired the
creation of numerous other support groups and treatment programs focused
on addressing substance and drug addiction

2.2.4 Evolution of drug rehab centers over time.

Opium poppies have flowered for thousands of years, Cannabis may have
been featured in the rituals of ancient Egyptian pharaohs, and the use
of tobacco may be more than 7,000 years old. The unfortunate truth of
addiction treatment is that addiction didn’t always receive treatment because
addiction wasn’t always viewed as a disease.
But addiction treatment and the nature of rehab once rehab was invented
have changed tremendously. It have evolved significantly over time,initially
these centers were often informal and community-based , primarily focusing
on moral and religious principles to address addiction. But with time, as our
understanding towards addiction grew, so did the approach to treatment.In the
20th century, people started to pay more attention to medical ways of helping
people struggling with addiction. Instead of punishing them, society started to
understand that addiction is a complicated health problem that needs care
and medical treatment.
This recognition of addiction as a medical issue has led to a broader range of
treatment options and a greater focus on individualized care.Government
policies, scientific research, and legislation have all played major roles in
shaping modern drug rehabilitation practices. Today's rehab centers offer a
range of treatments tailored to individual needs, emphasizing holistic recovery
and relapse prevention, marking a significant evolution in the way society
addresses addiction.

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2.3 TYPES OF DRUG REHAB CENTERS

2.3.1 Inpatient rehab center

Fig 5. Illustration of an inpatient treatment

Source : https://www.freepik.com/free-photos-vectors/hospital-illustration

These are where individuals with substance abuse issues receive

comprehensive treatment and support while residing at the facility for a
specified period. Inpatient rehab programs are designed to provide intensive
care with a structured environment for individuals who require round-the-clock
supervision. These centers offer a variety of services such as detoxification ,
individual and group therapy, counseling, education on addiction and recovery,
and various types of holistic approaches to rehabilitation. Inpatient rehab
centers are particularly suitable for those individuals with severe addiction
problems or individuals who face significant environmental triggers or lack a
supportive home environment for recovery. The duration of stay can vary from
few weeks to several months, depending on the individual's needs and the
program's recommendations.

2.3.2 Outpatient rehab center

Fig 6. Illustration of an outpatient treatment

Source : https://www.freepik.com/free-photos-vectors/hospital-illustration

16
An outpatient drug rehab center is a facility where individuals receive
treatment and support while living at their own homes or in a community
setting. Unlike inpatient rehab, where individuals stay at the facility 24/7, in
outpatient rehab clients are allowed to attend treatment sessions during the
day and return back to their homes or other accommodations after the
session is over.
Outpatient rehab programs offer a range of services such as individual
counseling, group therapy, education about addiction and recovery, and
sometimes medical supervision for detoxification. They are typically more
flexible than inpatient rehab and allow individuals to continue with their daily
responsibilities, such as work, school, or family obligations, while receiving
treatment.
These type of rehabs are more suitable for individuals with less severe
addiction issues, those that have a strong support system at home and have
the ability to maintain sobriety outside of treatment session

Source : Author

17
2.3.3 Categories of drug rehabilitation facilities
2.3.3.1 Luxury rehab centers

Fig 7. Example of a luxury rehab - Alpha healing center, Juhu Mumba

Source :https://www.behance.net/gallery/47535163/Alpha-Healing-Center-

These type of rehab centers are known for offering high-end facilities, upscale
accommodations, gourmet meals, spa services, private treatment and a more
exclusive environment. They cater to individuals who seek a luxurious and
comfortable setting while undergoing addiction treatment.

2.3.3.2 Basic treatment rehab centers

Fig 8. Example of a basic treatment rehab center - Dimapur

Life Challenge,Nagaland
Source : https://dimapur-life-challenge.business.site/

These centers primarily focus on providing basic and essential addiction

treatment services such as detoxification, counseling, therapy, and support
groups. Patients may have to share rooms with other patients, eat food off a
set menu, and do without amenities like modern technology and pools.

18
These centers offer simpler and fewer amenities compared to luxury rehab
centers, but their primary goal is to deliver effective addiction treatment.
In essence, both luxury and basic treatment rehab centers aim to address
addiction issues, they differ in the level of comfort, amenities, and additional
services provided to clients. The choice between these types of centers solely
depends on an individual's preferences, budget, and treatment needs.

2.4 THERAPEUTIC ARCHITECTURE

2.4.1 What is therapeutic architecture?

Therapeutic architecture is an approach that focuses on designing and

creating physical environments such as healthcare facilities, rehabilitation
centers and mental health treatment centers with a primary goal that actively
supports and promotes well being, healing and positive outcomes for
individuals undergoing through medical treatment or therapy. It involves in
suing the environment to be restorative and support health and well being
taking into account the physical, emotional, and psychological needs of
patients.

2.4.2 Role of architecture in therapy

Architecture is not merely a matter of constructing buildings; it is an art and

science that greatly influences the lives and well-being of those who inhabit
the space. This is particularly evident in the field of therapy, where the built
environment plays an important role in forming the therapeutic experience and
cultivating positive outcomes for individuals seeking help.
One of the primary functions of architecture in therapy is to create an
environment that promotes emotional well-being and mental health.For
instance ,therapeutic spaces whether in a counseling office, healthcare facility,
or mental health center, are carefully designed to offer a sense of safety and
comfort. Natural light, soothing colors, and the choice of materials all
contribute to a calming atmosphere that puts clients at ease. This sense of

19
ease is fundamental to establishing trust and facilitating open communication
between therapists and clients.
Therapeutic architecture is not just creating spaces that are aesthetically
pleasing but also helpful to emotional healing, personal growth, and positive
therapeutic outcomes. It's a combination of science, art, and empathy, where
architects, therapists, and clients collaborate to construct environments that
facilitate the journey towards well-being and recovery. In recognizing the
importance of architecture in therapy, we acknowledge its profound impact on
the human experience and the significance of designing spaces that truly
nurture the soul.

2.4.3 Fundamental components and basic structure of therapeutic

architecture

Therapeutic community is an approach that prioritizes the well-being and

healing of individuals in the spaces it creates. The fundamental components
and principles that are often present and considered in therapeutic
architecture are :

1. Natural light :

Fig 9. Incorporating natural light

Source : https://www.glassonweb.com/article/7-factors-inject-health-healing-spaces

Maximizing the use of natural light to create well-lit and cheerful spaces.
Exposure to natural light has been studied to positively impact one’s
mood and the overall well-being.

20
Some strategies to implement natural light effectively in therapeutic
architecture:
i. Orientation and Site Selection:

Fig 10. Building orientation for optimum energy

Source : https://www.nachi.org/building-orientation-optimum-energy.htm

 Choose a site that maximizes exposure to natural light, taking into

account the path of the sun throughout the day and the surrounding
environment.
 Orient the building to optimize daylight penetration, with south-facing
windows for maximum sun exposure.
ii. Design with Day-lighting in Mind:

Fig 11 : Use of natural light into building’s interior

Source : https://perkinswill.com/project/university-hospital-expansion/

 Incorporate large windows, skylights, and glass walls to bring in as much

natural light as possible.
 Consider the use of light wells and light shafts to distribute light deeper
into the building's interior.

21
iii. Use of Light-Reflective Surfaces:
 Employ light-colored and reflective materials for interior surfaces, such as
walls and ceilings, to bounce and distribute natural light effectively.
iv. Dynamic Shading and Glazing:
 Install adjustable shading devices like blinds, louvers, or automated
shading systems to control the amount of sunlight entering the space,
preventing glare and overheating.
 Use low-emissivity (Low-E) glass that can selectively reduce heat transfer
while allowing visible light to pass through.
v. Light Monitoring and Control:
 Implement automated lighting control systems that adjust artificial lighting
levels in response to natural light, maintaining consistent illumination and
minimizing energy use.
 Utilize occupancy sensors to dim or turn off artificial lights when areas are
unoccupied.
vi. Clerestory Windows:

Fig 12 : Use of clerestory windows in hospitals

Source : https://www.istockphoto.com/search/2/image?phrase=hospital+room+window

 Incorporate clerestory windows or high windows to bring in natural light

without compromising privacy or security..
vii. Patient-Centric Design:
 Place patient rooms and therapy spaces where they can receive ample
natural light, helping to improve mood and reduce stress.
 Create seating areas near windows to allow patients and staff to enjoy the
benefits of natural light.

22
viii. Diffuse Natural Light:
 Use diffusing materials like translucent glass, light shelves, or light tubes
to evenly distribute and soften natural light, reducing harsh shadows.
ix. Access to Outdoor Spaces:
 Design outdoor areas that are easily accessible to patients and staff,
allowing them to enjoy natural light and fresh air.
x. Privacy Considerations:
 Use frosted glass, blinds, or other privacy-enhancing elements where
necessary to balance the benefits of natural light with patient privacy.
xi. Maintenance and Cleaning:
 Ensure that windows and skylights are kept clean to maximize the
penetration of natural light.
xii. Adaptability:
 Design spaces that can adapt to changing lighting conditions, such as
overcast days or seasons, to maintain a consistent and comfortable
environment.
Incorporating these strategies into the design of therapeutic architecture can
create spaces that promote healing, reduce stress, and improve the overall
well-being of patients, residents, and healthcare providers.

2. Noise Reduction: Privacy and confidentiality are major factors in therapy,

and architects must ensure that therapy spaces are precisely designed to
protect these rights.In such spaces, individuals can freely share their
thoughts and emotions without fear of judgment or exposure.

Some strategies for effectively reducing noise in therapeutic architecture are :

i. Sound-Absorbing Materials:
Incorporate sound-absorbing materials such as acoustic ceiling tiles, wall
panels, and flooring in high-traffic areas, waiting rooms, and patient care
areas. These materials can help absorb sound waves and reduce
reverberation.
ii. Soundproofing Doors and Windows:
Use soundproof doors and windows in patient rooms and sensitive areas to
prevent noise intrusion from outside and neighboring spaces.

23
iii. Zoning and Layout:
Create zoning within the healthcare facility, separating noisy areas like waiting
rooms from quiet treatment rooms. Consider designing buffer zones to reduce
noise transmission.
iv. Quiet Hours:
Implement designated quiet hours during which noise levels are minimized,
allowing patients to rest and recover without disruption.

3. Privacy and Dignity: Respecting privacy and dignity in therapeutic

architecture is not only a matter of ethical consideration but also a
fundamental aspect of patient-centered care. Designing spaces and
providing individuals with private spaces that prioritize these values can
contribute to improved patient outcomes, comfort, and overall satisfaction
with healthcare facilities.

4. Access to Nature:

Fig 13. Relaxing green space

Source : https://dargan.com/2014/11/22/therapeutic

Implementing elements of nature into the built environment to promote and

create a connection with the exterior natural world and the interior to enhance
well-being.

i. Courtyards and Gardens:

 Design interior courtyards or outdoor gardens within the healthcare facility,
providing patients and staff with accessible green spaces.

24
 Use a variety of plants, flowers, and trees to create a soothing and
visually appealing natural environment.
 Incorporate seating areas, walking paths, and features like water
elements or sculptures to enhance the sensory experience.
ii. Large Windows and Views:

Fig 14.Bringing nature indoors

Source : https://www.archdaily.com/126290/rehabilitation-centre-groot-klimmendaal

 Maximize the use of large windows to bring outdoor views and natural
light into interior spaces.
 Position patient rooms, therapy areas, and common spaces to provide
views of greenery, gardens, or other natural features.
 Ensure that windows are clean and unobstructed for clear views of the
outdoors.
iii. Indoor Gardens and Green Walls:

Fig 15. Incorporating natural elements indoors

Source : https://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/02/business/making-hospitals-more-

25
 Create indoor gardens or install green walls with live plants to infuse
natural elements into the building's interior.
 Green walls can be particularly effective in spaces with limited outdoor
access.
iv. Therapeutic Pathways:
 Design walking paths or therapeutic circuits within courtyards or gardens
to encourage physical activity and rehabilitation while immersed in nature.
 Ensure that pathways are accessible to patients with mobility challenges.
v. Therapeutic Sensory Gardens:
 Design sensory gardens with plants, textures, scents, and sounds that
engage multiple senses, providing a calming and sensory-rich experience.
 Include features like wind chimes, bird feeders, or scented plants to
stimulate the senses.
vi. Accessible Outdoor Spaces:
 Ensure that outdoor spaces are easily accessible to patients with mobility
impairments, using ramps, wide pathways, and ADA-compliant design.
vii. Healing Water Features:
 Incorporate water elements such as fountains, ponds, or cascading
waterfalls in outdoor spaces to create a soothing soundscape and visual
focal point.
viii. Natural Art Installations:
 Include natural art installations, such as sculptures or installations made
from reclaimed wood or stone, that evoke a connection to the environment.
ix. Environmental Sustainability:
 Choose native and drought-resistant plants for gardens to promote
sustainability and reduce water consumption.
 Implement eco-friendly practices, such as rainwater harvesting and the
use of recycled materials, to minimize the ecological footprint of the
design

5. Safety and Security: Implementing safety measures, such as non-slip

flooring and well-designed exits, to ensure the physical safety of
occupants.

26
6. Patient-Centered Design: Involving healthcare professionals in the
design process to ensure that spaces meet their specific needs and
preferences.
 Patient Rooms : Design comfortable and private patient rooms that
prioritize individual well-being and dignity. Include features like adjustable
lighting, temperature control, and space for personal belongings.
 Family Spaces : Create designated spaces for families to provide support
and spend time with patients.
 Common Areas : Design communal spaces, such as waiting areas and
lounges, that are welcoming, comfortable, and provide opportunities for
social interaction.

7. Color palette

Fig 15. Incorporating natural elements indoors

Source : https://www.nytimes.com/2016/08/02/business/making-hospitals-more-

Using appropriate color palettes to create visually engaging and comforting

spaces. Color palette selection in therapeutic architecture is a crucial design
consideration as it can significantly impact the psychological and emotional
well-being of patients and occupants. The choice of colors plays a vital role in
creating healing environments that promote relaxation, reduce stress, and
enhance the overall quality of care.

Some key principles and considerations for selecting a color palette in

therapeutic architecture:

27
i. Nature-Inspired Colors : Colors found in nature, such as soft greens,
blues, earthy browns, and soothing neutrals, are often preferred in
healthcare settings. These colors evoke a sense of tranquility and
connection to the natural world.
ii. Warm vs. Cool Colors:
Warm Colors (e.g., yellows, oranges, and reds): These colors can
create a welcoming and uplifting atmosphere, but they should be used
sparingly as dominant warm colors may feel overly stimulating.
Cool Colors (e.g., blues and greens): Cool colors tend to have a
calming and soothing effect, making them suitable for patient rooms,
waiting areas, and relaxation spaces.
iii. Color Psychology : Consider the psychological effects of different colors.
For example, blue is associated with calmness and trust, while green
represents growth and healing. Yellow can evoke feelings of happiness
and energy, but it should be used cautiously in healthcare settings due to
its potential to overstimulate.
iv. Neutral Backgrounds : Using neutral colors like soft gray, beige, or taupe
as a backdrop can create a sense of balance and allow other accent
colors to stand out. Neutral backgrounds are also less likely to overwhelm
patients.
v. Contrast and Way-finding : Utilize contrasting colors strategically to aid
way-finding and make important information, signage, or safety features
stand out. High-contrast elements are particularly important for individuals
with visual impairments.
vi. Lighting Effects : The type and quality of lighting can influence how colors
appear in a space. Ensure that the color palette is complementary to the
lighting design to achieve the desired ambiance.

Ultimately, the selection of a color palette in therapeutic architecture should

align with the specific goals and intended atmosphere of the healthcare
environment. It should support the emotional well-being of patients, create a
calming and healing atmosphere, and contribute to a positive overall
experience for both patients and healthcare providers.

28
8. Evidence-Based Design: Incorporating research and evidence-based
design principles to guide architectural decisions and optimize the healing
environment.
 It often involves collaboration between architects, healthcare providers,
researchers, and other professionals to ensure a comprehensive and
informed approach to design.
 It strives to establish a holistic approach considering the entire patient
experience, from the physical layout of spaces to the impact of light, color,
and materials on emotions and healing.
 It prioritizes the needs and preferences of patients, aiming to create
environments that support their well-being, comfort, and recovery.

9. Flexibility And Adaptability: Flexibility and adaptability are critical

attributes in therapeutic architecture, as healthcare environments must be
capable of responding to changing patient needs, evolving medical
practices, and unforeseen challenges. It involves a balance between
comfort and functionality, adaptability and stability, and patient-centered
design.
It does not only promote physical comfort but also foster a sense of
empowerment and dignity, making them integral to the holistic healthcare
experience. A well-executed approach can contribute significantly to
improving the overall quality of care and the well-being of those using the
space.
 Modular Design: Use modular and adaptable layouts and furnishings that
allow for quick reconfiguration of spaces to accommodate changing needs.
 Scalability: Plan for potential growth or changes in healthcare demands,
ensuring spaces can be expanded or modified as necessary.

10. Sensory Considerations: Managing and considering sensory

sensitivities by controlling lighting, temperature, and sound levels to
create a comfortable and calming atmosphere can significantly impact a
person's comfort and responsiveness during a session

29
11. Way-finding and Orientation: Spaces should be designed with clear
way-finding elements to enhance the patient experience, improve
efficiency, ensure safety, reduce anxiety and help patients and visitors
navigate easily which ultimately contributes to better healthcare outcomes

Therapeutic architecture plays a essential role in shaping the physical

environment in which therapy takes place. By carefully considering the design
and layout of therapy spaces ,it help create space settings that support the
therapeutic process, enhance the comfort and well-being of individuals and
contribute to positive therapeutic outcomes.
These principles of therapeutic architecture contributes to the creation of
healing environments and provide a nurturing and supportive space that
complements the therapeutic programs and ultimately enhance the chances
of successful recovery and long-term wellness of individuals.

2.5 CURRENT ARCHITECTURAL TRENDS IN DRUG REHAB

CENTERS

The current architectural trends in drug rehab reflects the growing awareness
of the significant role that the built environment plays in supporting addiction
treatment and recovery. Architects are contributing to the creation of
environments that enhance the overall well-being and success rate by
prioritizing and implementing the fundamental design elements and
thoughtfully planning it.

Some of the latest trends seen today are :

1. Wellness-Oriented Design: Drug rehab centers are continuously adopting
wellness-oriented architectural designs. These designs prioritize creating
environments that promote physical, mental, and emotional well-being.
Spaces are designed to maximize natural light, incorporate calming color
schemes, and provide opportunities for relaxation and meditation.
2. Biophilic Design: Biophilic design principles are increasingly being
integrated in the architecture of rehabs . Incorporating elements of nature

30
 into the built environment such as indoor gardens, living walls, and natural
materials that help create a connection with nature which has been
studied that it reduce stress and enhance recovery.
3. Therapeutic Landscaping: While designing outdoor spaces of drug rehab
centers, they are designed with therapeutic intent such as therapeutic
walking paths, gardens, and serene outdoor areas where individuals can
engage in therapeutic activities and connect with nature that helps in their
recovery process.
4. Cultural Sensitivity: Some rehab centers are designed in such a way that
spaces that are culturally sensitive to the needs and preferences of varied
individuals seeking for help. It involves recognizing that people from
different cultures may have unique beliefs, values, traditions, and
experiences that can influence their attitudes and responses towards
rehabilitation.This may include prayer rooms, culturally themed areas, or
spaces that accommodate specific cultural practices.
Cultural sensitivity in rehabilitation is crucial for ensuring that individuals
from all cultural backgrounds receive high-quality, equitable care that
respects their values and preferences. It can lead to improved outcomes,
increased client satisfaction, and a more inclusive healthcare system.
5. Sustainability: Just as sustainability has gained awareness and become a
prominent trend in various design fields, the same holds true in the design
of rehab centers. Centers are adopting eco-friendly design practices, such
as energy-efficient lighting, water conservation measures, and the use of
sustainable building materials.
6. Evidence-Based Design: Architects are collaborating with healthcare
specialists and therapists to make sure that architectural decisions are
informed by evidence-based principles. This approach helps create
spaces that optimize the therapeutic environment.

31
3. CASE STUDIES AND ANALYSIS

3.1 Muktangan Mitra

3.1.1 Introduction
3.1.2 Justification
3.1.3 Parameters
3.1.3.1 Medical facilities/services
3.1.3.2 Orientation
3.1.3.3 Climate considerations
3.1.3.4 Materials
3.1.3.5 Therapeutic landscaping//Access to nature
3.1.3.6 Natural light and ventilation
3.1.3.7 Colors
3.1.3.8 Sensory considerations
3.1.3.9 Other features if any
3.1.4 Inference

3.2 Groot Klimmendaal Rehabilitation Centre

3.2.1 Introduction
3.2.2 Justification
3.2.3 Parameters
3.2.3.1 Medical facilities/services
3.2.3.2 Orientation
3.2.3.3 Climate considerations
3.2.3.4 Materials
3.2.3.5 Therapeutic landscaping/Access to nature
3.2.3.6 Natural light and ventilation
3.2.3.7 Colors
3.2.3.8 Sensory considerations
3.2.3.9 Other features if any
3.2.4 Inference

3.3 Alpha Healing Centre

3.3.1 Introduction

32
 3.3.2 Justification
3.3.3 Parameters
3.3.3.1 Medical facilities/services
3.3.3.2 Orientation
3.3.3.3 Climate considerations
3.3.3.4 Materials
3.3.3.5 Therapeutic Landscaping/Access to nature
3.3.3.6 Natural light and ventilation
3.3.3.7 Colors
3.3.3.8 Sensory considerations
3.3.3.9 Other features if any
3.3.4 Inference

3.4 Kripa Foundation

3.4.1 Introduction
3.4.2 Justification
3.4.3 Paramters
3.4.3.1 Medical facilities
3.4.3.2 Orientation
3.4.3.3 Climate considerations
3.4.3.4 Materials
3.4.3.5 Therapeutic landscaping
3.4.3.6 Natural light and ventilation
3.4.3.7 Colors
3.4.3 8 Sensory considerations
3.4.4 Inference

3.5 Analysis chart

33
3.1 MUKTANGAN MITRA REHAB CENTRE

3.1.1 Introduction

Location Pune
Architect Shirish Beri
Client Mr Muktangan Mitra
Year 1986
Built up area 1660 sqm

Fig 17. Muktangan rehab center

Source : https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/architectural-styles/a6421-25-examples-of-
rehabilitation-centre-around-the-world/3/

The Muktangan Rehabilitation Centre is a fine example of healing architecture

residing on a contoured landscape. It is built for the purpose of rehabilitating
drug addicts in society. The centre is planned as a mixture of open and built
spaces.
Late Dr. Anita Awachat & Dr Anil Kwacha found this center on 26th august
1986. For 3 years since then, Muktangan and the central institute of mental
health and research jointly administered it. Subsequently the authorities
realized the need to grant Muktangan the autonomy and so since 1989
Muktangan Rehabilitation Center functions independently.

34
Design concept

To create spaces which help in bringing people closer to nature,its beauty

and harmony,therefore enhancing human interaction and reducing alien
spaces,such that it balances a sense of freedom.

3.1.2 Justification

Muktangan is one of the first drug rehabilitation in Maharashtra since 1989. It

has unique and innovative design that fosters a healing environment
incorporating elements of tranquility and serenity, with carefully designed
spaces that promote a sense of well-being and recovery. The center's layout
and use of natural materials, soothing color schemes, and abundant greenery
contributes to a therapeutic atmosphere that can positively impact the mental
and emotional states of patients undergoing rehabilitation.
Understanding how Muktangan's architectural choices align with the principles
of creating a therapeutic space,it offers valuable insights for the broader field
of healthcare architecture.The integration of functional and aesthetically
pleasing design elements within a rehabilitation center context can shed light
on the potential benefits of thoughtful architectural choices in promoting the
well-being and recovery of patients.

3.1.3 Parameters

3.1.3.1 Medical Services

Muktangan provides a 35 days treatment program with aftercare and day care
facilities. It charges Rs. 6000 for the 35 days program, which doesn't include
detoxification ward. It caters for 100 male & 15 female patients. They follow
strict discipline concerning the family meetings and security. A patient once
admitted is not allowed to go out of the institute before his treatment is
completed.
Muktangan has a holistic and eclectic approach towards the treatment for
Addiction with a combination of medicine, therapies and activities.

35
 Medical Examination
 Psychiatrist’s Assessment
 Withdrawal Management/Detox
 Dormitory residences facility
 Therapeutic Milieu/community
 Yoga and meditation
 Physical Training
 Individual Counselling
 Group Therapies
 Art / story / model Therapy
 Recreational Games
 Gymnasium
 Bibiliotherapy

Fig 18 . Services
Sources : https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/read/63021278/01-muktangan-case

3.1.3.2 Orientation

The positioning of the building and site is a critical aspect of therapeutic

architecture, and at Muktangan Rehab Center the building is aligned
diagonally along the east-west axis rather than north-south orientation, which
is often considered ideal. This orientation allows for a consistent utilization of

36
daylight and control glare along the elongated sides of the structure and also
lets you minimize glare from the rising or setting sun.

Fig19. Site plan

Sources : https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/read/63021278/01-muktangan-case

It is a sloping site with a dry nala(riverbed) located on the south side of the
site.
North east :6.00 m wide Arterial access road.
South east: residential plot.
South west: Nala.
North west: residential plot.

3.1.3.3 Climate considerations

 Courtyard planning is most suited for Pune climate which provides

pleasant outdoor environment while improving indoor comfort.
 External wall are cladded with composite stone masonry which serves as
a thermal insulation for the entire building.
 Flying buttress and shading devices are use for protection form solar
radiation.

37
3.1.3.4 Materials

The entire building is made of RCC frame structure,wrapped in stone

composite wall and use of stone retaining walls to hold the contoured land.It
combines transparency and solidarity by the intermixing of glass windows and
stone retaining walls creating a beautiful balance between built and un-built
environment.

Fig 20. Retaining stone walls,stepped balconies and glass windows

Source : https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/architectural-styles/a6421-25-examples-of-
rehabilitation-centre-around-the-world/3/

The use of a stone facade in the design of Muktangan Rehab Center serves
several purposes.
Firstly, stone is a sturdy and long-lasting material, which helps ensure the
building's durability and minimizes maintenance costs over time. This is
essential for a facility like a rehab center that aims to provide consistent
services.
Secondly, stone facades often convey a sense of permanence and stability.
This can be psychologically comforting to individuals seeking treatment at the
center, as it creates an impression of reliability and strength, which can be
reassuring during the recovery process.
Furthermore, the choice of stone might be in harmony with the natural
surroundings, providing a serene and therapeutic atmosphere for the patients.

38
It can contribute to a calming and aesthetically pleasing environment, which
can be conducive to the healing and rehabilitation process.
The facade of the building adorns stepped balconies that run along its
perimeter, providing scenic views of the Western Ghats.
Moreover, the use of soothing and calming colors, natural textures, and non-
intrusive materials helps create a tranquil atmosphere that aids in the healing
process, promoting a sense of calm and comfort for residents and patients.
These choices reflect Muktangan Rehab Center's commitment to providing a
nurturing and supportive environment for individuals on their path to recovery.

3.1.3.5 Therapeutic landscaping/Access to nature

Fig 21. Amphitheatre and greenery

Source : https://www.re-thinkingthefuture.com/architectural-styles/a6421-25-examples-of-
rehabilitation-centre-around-the-world/3/
Muktangan institute comprises of a very tight and introvert planning. An
amphitheatre is centrally located with the counseling rooms and the waiting
area located radially around. Activities are placed around the central axis-
which enhance interaction and reduce alienation ,the waiting is made lively
and fresh by amphitheater and greenery . It is the central part of the design
that ropes in the rest of the functions inside the rehab facility.The enclosed
amphitheatre can accommodate up to 150 people while providing much-
needed light and ventilation indoors.This space is use for the purpose of
therapies and social gatherings.
It visually connects the various internal spaces with nature, with the help of
lush, grassy steps and ivy-covered stone walls .The vistas, common spaces

39
represent a mixed use of materials to stimulate the sensory cells of the
patients under rehabilitation.

3.1.3.6 Natural Light and Ventilation

 Courtyard planning was used as a simple design strategy that enhances

the availability of daylight in every room.
 Building Is oriented on east west axis for better light and ventilation.
 Natural lighting is extensively used from east and west side by providing
circular skylight cut out and courtyard.

3.1.3.7 Colors

Muktangan Rehab Center in India has embraced a design philosophy rooted

in the exclusive use of natural stone finishes and wood, complemented by a
palette of earthy tones. This deliberate choice goes beyond aesthetics; it
serves as a fundamental element of the center's mission. Natural materials
like stone and wood evoke a sense of calm and grounding, essential for
individuals on the path to recovery.
By immersing both the interior and exterior in these elements, the center
creates a serene and welcoming atmosphere that aids in the healing process.
Moreover, these materials offer durability and sustainability, ensuring a lasting
and environmentally responsible design. In the absence of vibrant colors,
Muktangan's holistic approach to rehabilitation relies on the innate beauty and
therapeutic qualities of these natural elements to provide solace and strength
to its residents, fostering an environment where recovery can flourish.

3.1.3.8 Sensory considerations

Sensory considerations play a crucial role in the holistic approach to

rehabilitation at Muktangan Rehab Centre in India. This esteemed center
recognizes that individuals recovering from addiction face various sensory
challenges during their journey to sobriety.The center’s justification for

40
incorporating sensory considerations lies in the profound impact these factors
have on the overall well-being of their clients.
By creating a supportive environment that takes into account sensory
sensitivities, such as soothing colors, greenery, calming scents, and
comfortable textures, Muktangan ensures that the rehabilitation process is as
comfortable and effective as possible. These considerations aim to reduce
stress, anxiety, and triggers associated with addiction, fostering a conducive
atmosphere for recovery. In doing so, Muktangan Rehab Centre
acknowledges the integral role sensory experiences play in the healing
process and strives to provide a safe and nurturing space for those seeking
help.

3.1.3.9 Other features if any - (Not applicable)

3.2.4 Inferences

 The building was designed in such a way that it has therapeutic value
contributing to the healing process of drug addicts while balances a sense
of freedom and disciplinary control.The design’s unifying transparency
becomes expressive and this freedom increase in physical interaction
Lots of interactive spaces which serves as physical and visual interaction
with people and nature. Eg., amphitheatre and terraces acts as a medium
for visual interaction thereby reducing isolated alienated feeling.
 Inward looking form with controlled visual exposure of the exterior yet
with the use of terraces , courtyards and windows it creates a sense of
freedom indirectly and encourage the patient to open up.

SL.No PARAMETERS INFERENCES

1. Medical facilities  Provides nearly all the basic essential

treatment services required for an
effective treatment but at a standard
level and not in a luxurious manner.
 Facilities such as medical examin-
ation,detox,yoga, therapies,dormitory,

41
 sports,library is provided.

2. Orientation  Building is aligned east-west axis

rather than north-south orientation,
which is often considered ideal.
 This ensures consistent use of
daylight, controls glare from the rising
and setting sun along the elongated
sides.

3. Climate considerations  Courtyard planning is most suited for

Pune climate which provides pleasant
outdoor environment while improving
indoor comfort.
 External wall are cladded with stone
masonry which served as a thermal
insulation for the entire building.
 Flying buttress and shading devices
for protection against solar radiation

4. Materials  Entire building is made of RCC frame

structure wrapped in stone composite
 In harmony with the natural surround-
ings, providing a serene and
therapeutic atmosphere,
 Ensures durability
 Minimizes mainte- nance costs over
time.

5. Therapeutic landscaping  Activities are placed around the central

axis which enhance interaction and
reduce alienation and is made more
lively by amphithe-ater and greenery
around.
 It visually connects the various internal
spaces with nature, with the help of
lush, grassy steps and ivy-covered
stone walls.

6. Natural light and  Courtyard planning as a simple

ventilation design strategy to enhance the
availability of daylight in every room.
 Building is oriented on east west axis
for better light and ventilation by
providing circular skylight cut out and
courtyard.

7. Colors  Natural stone, wood, and earthy tones

to create a calm and grounding
atmosphere essential for recovery.

42
  Without vibrant colors, the center’s
holistic approach relies on the innate
beauty and therapeutic qualities of
these natural elements to offer solace
and strength, fostering an environment
where recovery can flourish.

8. Sensory considerations  It takes into account sensory

sensitivities, such as soothing natural
colors, greenery and comfortable
textures to make rehab comfortable
and effective.
 In doing so, it acknowledges the
integral role that sensory experiences
play in the healing process and strives
to provide a safe and nurturing space.

3.2 GROOT KLIMMENDAAL REHABILITATION CENTRE

3.2.1 Introduction

Location Netherland
Architect Koen Van Velsen
Client Stitching Arnhems
Revalidatiecentrum
Groot Klimmendaal

Built up area 14,000 sqm

Year 2010

Fig 22. Groot Klimmendaal appearing through the foliage

Source : https://www.archdaily.com/126290/rehabilitation-centre-groot-klimmendaal-
koen-van-velsen

43
Groot Klimmendaal is an award-winning health centre that defies convention
of the typical health architecture of the Netherlands and instead priorities
healing environments.It provides specialist rehabilitation care for
children,adolescents,adults with a (potential) limitation to participate in the
society.
Located in the heart of a Dutch forest, outside Arnhem, Architecten bureau
Koen van Velsen's rehabilitation centre, clad in warm brown anodised
aluminium, almost blends into the surrounding scenery. The three-storey
scheme comprises offices, clinic, sports facilities, swimming pool, restaurant
and theatre , it is intended to be a community asset not just for patients but for
locals as well.

Design concept

The care concept is based on the idea that a positive and stimulating
environment increases the well-being of patients and has a beneficial effect
on their rehabilitation process. The design ambition was not to create a centre
with the appearance of a health building but a building as a part of its
surroundings and the community.
Groot Klimmendaal Velsen wanted to promote healing, particularly through his
use of transparency to retain connections to the surrounding landscape, his
use of color, his thoughtfulness in circulation spaces and his consideration of
the play of light and shadow upon the façade. The experiences of these evoke
emotions and memories, and such the experiences are what are henceforth
referred to as the ‘phenomenon’.

3.2.2 Justification

Its groundbreaking architectural design, patient-centered care, and integration

of nature and color into the rehabilitation process make it a captivating subject
of study. It has valuable insights into how thoughtful design and holistic care
can positively impact the recovery journey, making it an inspiring study in the
realm of healthcare and architecture.

44
The design of a reintegration and rehabilitation center for drug and alcohol
addicts poses a problem of social stigma and repulsion of such centers. The
design aims to change the stereotypical image of rehab centers and create a
welcoming and comforting environment for its users. The project offers an
unconventional approach of designing healthcare institutions offering a
pleasant and comforting experience to its users.

3.2.3 Parameters

3.2.3.1 Services

The arrangement of the programme is clear. Below are offices, above are the
clinical area’s,inpatient accommodation and on the roof a Ronald McDonald
House with its own identity. The double-height ground floor at entrance level
facilitates the special elements of the programme for social gathering such as
a sports facility, gym, swimming pool, restaurant and theatre which is also
meant to be used for therapeutic treatment. Not only patients but also family
members and members of the local community (schools, theatre groups etc)
use these facilities on a regular basis. As a result, both patient and building
are placed at the centre of the community.

Fig 23. The building program is stacked up vertically

Source : https://www.slideshare.net/khozo89/graduation-thesis-14591010

3.2.3.2 Orientation - (specific data about the building orientation not found)

3.2.3.3 Climate considerations

45
Located in a region with varying weather patterns, the building was
meticulously planned to ensure year-round comfort and sustainability.

 Energy Efficiency: By carefully considering the local climate, the center

can optimize its insulation and energy-efficient design to regulate interior
temperatures effectively. This reduces the need for excessive heating in
the winter and cooling in the summer, leading to lower energy
consumption and cost savings.
 Thermal Comfort: Proper insulation and climate control systems ensure
that patients and staff experience consistent and comfortable indoor
temperatures throughout the year. This helps maintain a healing and
supportive environment for rehabilitation and medical care.
 Sustainable Practices: The sustainability aspect of the design helps
minimize the center's environmental impact. Reduced energy
consumption and efficient heating and cooling systems align with eco-
friendly principles, making the facility more responsible and contributing to
the broader goal of environmental conservation.
 Patient Well-being: A comfortable and stable indoor climate positively
influences patients' physical and psychological well-being. This can lead
to better outcomes in the rehabilitation process, as patients are more
likely to engage actively in therapy when they are in a comfortable and
supportive environment.
 Long-Term Cost Savings: While the initial investment in climate-conscious
design might be higher, the long-term cost savings in terms of reduced
energy bills and maintenance can justify these upfront expenses. This
ensures that the center remains financially sustainable over time

3.2.3.4 Materials

The building is cladded with golden brown anodized aluminum panels which,
despite of its size, makes the building dissolve within its surroundings. The
choice of selecting sustainable building materials and materials requiring little
maintenance for floor finishes, ceilings and facade cladding result in a building
which can be easily maintained and with a long lifespan.

46
The anodized golden-bronze aluminum facade is contrary to what our eyes
tell us in the majority of the digital representations.It is the nature of the
aluminum to reflect light back to the person experiencing the architecture; the
angle the light enters the eye determines the color perceived by that exact
person at that exact moment in time. The seeing of this facade is a wholly
unique experience that occurs only ever once and can never be replicated.

3.2.3.5 Therapeutic landscaping/Access to nature

Fig 24. Connection to nature in the huge cafeteria

Source : https://www.archdaily.com/126290/rehabilitation-centre-groot-klimmendaal-
koen-van-velsen

The practical design ensures that the residents of the building are not feeling
enclosed.The curtain walls and generous glass use in its façade invite the
forest inside the building, giving its user a constant view of nature. The
architect paid particularly close attention to the effects of transparency to the
occupants of Groot Klimmendaal Rehabilitation Centre . His connection to
nature in the huge cafeteria(Fig 24) space is one such connection that
provides a view of the forest.The Full height glazing connecting the various
different internal elements of the building ensures an almost seamless
continuity between interior and exterior.
A shallow timber staircase runs the full internal height of the building (Fig 25
right),promoting exploration and providing physiotherapy in such. As you enter
it allows you to see into healing spaces through windows. He claims that
“when you enter the building, you really feel you’ve come here to get
better.” An example of this can be seen in (Fig 25 left)with the connection in
the hallway between not only the landscape but also the interior healing
spaces in a physical manner, through transparent windows and in a

47
metaphoric manner. Also in (Fig 25) it can be observed that Velsen uses
transparency not only through glazing, but also through void space.
The façade meanders in and out of this space, creating small, room-like
projections into the forest (Fig 24 right). No trees, are in fact, between the
teeth like structure, but the forest surrounds Groot Klimmendaal instead. Due
to the extreme transparency of the spaces, there are views out in every
direction, creating the illusion that the forest has moved inside or perhaps,
that the inhabitant has moved outside.
The connection to the forest was indeed an important consideration for Velsen
in this building; one that is redefining health architecture in the Netherlands. It
has been proven that patients with views out to natural landscapes heal faster
than those with views of urban landscapes, and as such Velsen has created a
space where once again patients can heal without conscious realization of the
fact.

3.2.4.6 Natural light and ventilation

A combination of large and small voids and light wells ensure a spatial
connection between different levels and allow natural daylight deep in the
heart of the 30metres wide building. Interplay of striking but subtle colors and
direct and indirect (artificial) lighting into the interior.The full height glazed
façade creates a sense of transparency and permeability, filling the interior
spaces with ample of natural light .The building has double and triple heights
plus atrium at different levels which further increases the amount of natural
light entering the building and visually connecting different levels with each
other.

3.2.4.7 Colors

Koen van Velsen taps into a specific part of the brain with his use of colour in
the circulation spaces of Groot Klimmendaal. Bright colors behave as stimuli,
allowing the brain to more clearly remember things that are notable. It is this
function that allows a person to create a mental map of the space. Velsen
uses bold colors to contrast cooler white or grey walls and timbers to create

48
prompts for memory on each level. On one level the theme is orange, as can
be seen in Figure 22( left ) and another has a bold blue roof with many colors
painted in the light wells. Bright colors are associated typically with childhood,
and as such they feel fun. They catch the eye and hold the gaze, evoking a
sense of joy in the inhabitants of Groot Klimmendaal where in most hospitals
the building is a sterile white outside of children’s wards. In provoking joy, the
colors provoke motivation: specifically, the motivation to investigate.

Fig 25. Groot Klimendaal appearing through the foliage

Source : https://www.archdaily.com/126290/rehabilitation-centre-groot-klimmendaal-
koen-van-velsen

This was Velsen’s motivation on the continuous staircase that allows views
from the top floor straight through to the bottom. Being able to see the colors
will promote movement up and down the stairs while simply exploring
incorporating rehabilitation into the daily routine of patients without them ever
realizing it.

Fig 26. The colour used experientially for wayfinding in circulation spaces
Source : https://highnewtechblog.wordpress.com/2015/11/19/rehabilitation-centre-groot-
klimmendaal/

49
3.2.4.8 Sensory considerations

More than just vision available to a person experiencing the building; they use
their sense of touch to assess the temperature of the light coming in through
the window, and of materials; their sense of smell to identify the smell of trees,
or of antiseptic; their sense of hearing to enjoy sounds coming from healing
spaces, or their own footsteps in the hallway. It emphasizes that our
perception of the environment is multisensory, involving more than just what
we see; it includes what we can touch and feel as well.

3.2.4.9 Other features if any - (Not applicable)

3.2.4 Inferences

 The design of the center highlights the healing capacities of nature. The
healing process isn't solely dependent on medical treatments but it is
positively influenced by the calming and restorative qualities of the natural
world, it is a fine example demonstrating the importance of biophilic
design in healthcare settings.
 Outdoor indoor connection made through design.
 Overall this is one such unique case study of rehabilitation center where
the architect meticulously designed and paid attention to every small
detail,eg.,The interiors of the building emphasized on reducing the
patients anxiety and distress through the use of diverse but subtle
colors,materials, lighting etc

SL.No PARAMETERS INFERENCES

1. Medical facilities  Specializes in comprehensive

rehabilitation services, catering to
various patient needs
 Facilities such as accommodation,
pool,gym, restaurant,theatre,sports
facilities,library etc are provided.

2. Orientation Specific data about the building orientation

not found.

50
3. Climate considerations  With relatively mild winters and cool
summers, it focuses on energy-
efficient heating and cooling systems
to maintain a suitable indoor
temperature year-round.
 Additionally, large windows and access
to outdoor spaces are incorporated to
maximize natural light and create a
healing atmosphere.

4. Materials  The building is cladded with golden

brown anodized aluminum panels
which, despite of its size, makes the
building dissolve within its
surroundings.
 Aluminum reflects light uniquely to the
person experiencing ,the angle and the
light which enters the eye determines
the color perceived creating a unique
experience.

5. Therapeutic landscaping  It ensures that the residents of the

building does not feel enclosed.
 The curtain walls ensures a seamless
continuity between interior and exterior
showing views in every direction,
creating an illusion like the forest has
moved inside or the inhabitant has
moved outside.

6. Natural light and  Use of voids, light wells to connect

ventilation levels and bring in natural light into the
30m wide building.
 Interplay of striking but subtle colors
and direct and indirect lighting into the
interior.
 Glazed façade allowing ample natural
light .
 Atriums with double and triple heights
increase natural light and visual
connections between levels.

7. Colors  Use of bright colors allowing the brain

to more clearly remember things that
are notable and create mental
mapping of space.
 Bold colors to contrast with white or
grey and timbers for memory prompts.
 These colors, often associated with
childhood and bring joy compared to

51
 the sterile white in most hospitals.

8. Sensory considerations  More than just vision available to a

person experiencing the building ,
individuals used touch to assess the
temperature of the light coming in
through the window , smell to identify
the smell of trees or hearing to enjoy
sounds coming from nature.
 This shows that our perception
involves multiple senses, not just
vision.

3.3 ALPHA HEALING CENTRE

3.3.1 Introduction

Location Jambughada, Gujarat

Architect AAA Baroda
client Dax Patel
Built up area 75,000 sqft
Year 2017

Fig 27. Aerial view of Alpha Healing Center

Source : https://www.behance.net/gallery/47535163/Alpha-Healing-Center-Designed-By-
AAA-Baroda
Alpha Healing Center is widely recognized as the most effective inpatient drug
and alcohol rehabilitation centers in Gujarat, India. AHC is a luxury world-
class de-addiction center offering state-of-the-art evidence-based treatments
and holistic healing that addresses all the problems of a person

52
comprehensively by healing their mind, body, and spirit to create a unique
recovery experience for individuals struggling with alcohol, drug, and other
addictions.This center stands as a beacon of holistic wellness and recovery in
a region renowned for its natural beauty and tranquility.

Design Concept

The design concept and vision of the Alpha Healing Center are rooted in the
belief that holistic healing is the cornerstone of well-being. To embody a
harmonious blend of modernity and nature, creating a tranquil environment
where individuals can find solace and embark on a trans-formative journey.
AHC’s vision was to create a space where evidence-based practices,
compassion, and personalized care converge to help clients overcome
addiction and mental health challenges. Their commitment is to foster a
supportive community where clients can rebuild their lives, discover their inner
strength, and achieve lasting recovery.

Fig 28. Concept development

Source : https://prezi.com/p/ultbn-6ocwt7/designing-spaces-for-wellness/

The facility has a fully equipped administrative and medical center at the core,
recreation, special residences and doctors residences in the eastern petals,
with residences for patients in two of the southern petals. The restaurant sits
in the western petal,along with lawns for hosting events. Organic farms and
vegetable orchards lie on the southwestern zone of the site. The central
structure is circular in shape, with an open to sky courtyard at its center.
3.3.2 Justification

53
The center's design and layout serves as a compelling case study due to
several reasons. Firstly, Alpha Healing Center is renowned for its commitment
to holistic healing and evidence-based treatment, making it an ideal example
of how architectural elements can contribute to the overall well-being of
patients
Secondly, the center's location amidst the natural beauty of Gujarat adds an
intriguing dimension to the architectural design, as it showcases how the
incorporation of the environment can enhance the therapeutic experience.
Lastly, examining Alpha Healing Center's architecture will allow for a thorough
exploration of the principles and considerations that architects employ in
creating spaces that promote recovery, comfort, and community and provide
valuable insights into the symbiotic relationship between architecture and the
healing process in rehab centers, offering a rich source of knowledge and
inspiration for both the field of architecture and healthcare.

3.3.3 Parameters
3.3.3.1 Services

The services offered are :

 12 Step programme
 Alcoholism Treatment
 Depression
 Detoxification
 Drug Addiction Treatment
 Family Counseling and services
 Gambling Addiction
 Luxury treatment and facilities
 Mental Health Treatment
 Occupational Therapy
 Psychotherapy
 Relapse Prevention
 Residential Rehabilitation

54
 Smoking Cessation
 Substance Abuse
 Yoga and Meditation
 Youth De-addiction

Fig 29. Layout plan (left) Administration plan(right)

Source : https://prezi.com/p/ultbn-6ocwt7/designing-spaces-for-wellness/

Fig 30. Recreation and accommodation area

Source : https://prezi.com/p/ultbn-6ocwt7/designing-spaces-for-wellness/

3.3.3.2 Orientation

A road parallel to the state highway was created at the entry to create a sense
of arrival. Gentle curves were adopted for the footprint of the structures, laid
out in the shape of a flower and its petals. The refreshing, rejuvenating
associations of a flower have been carried through the design in a subtle way.
The footprint arrived at through the curved lines enabled the designers in
conserve as many trees as possible on the site.

55
The site for the Alpha Healing Center for drug and alcohol rehabilitation lay 50
kms outside the city of Vadodara, Gujarat in on untouched reserve with large
old trees. An additional 5,50,000 sq, ft of landscaping was added by Dharam
Patel (Principal Architect at Art and Architecture Associates, around the
prevalent built up area of 75000 sq.ft.

Fig 31. Top view of the site showing the parallel road to the state highway
Source : http://www.aaa.works/Projects/project_detail/alpha-healing-centre-1#images-1

3.3.3.3 climate considerations

 Sloping roof with skylight and ventilation

 Use of open to sky courtyard in design for cross ventilation
 Removable fins for better indoor environment

3.3.3.4 Materials

Therapeutic materials used in AHC are chosen for their ability to promote well-
being, comfort, and a sense of calm. Some of the materials found in AHC with
the intention of creating a soothing and nurturing atmosphere are:

56
 Fig 32. use of stone,wood materials in AHC
Source :http://www.aaa.works/Projects/project_detail/alpha-healing-centre-1

i. Natural Woods: They were used for flooring, wall paneling, and furniture.
Wood surfaces, particularly when left in their natural state, can create a
warm and inviting atmosphere.
ii. Cork: Cork material used in AHC for covering floors and walls .It is a
sustainable and sound-absorbing material that provide a sense of comfort
and coziness to the space, making it more inviting and relaxing to the
occupants.
iii. Natural Stone: Stone materials were widely used both indoor and outdoor,
such as marble or granite, which convey a sense of permanence and
stability. They are commonly used in flooring , wall cladding,
fountains,sculptures etc
iv. Gravel : Gravel pathways to provide a calming and grounding experience.
The gentle crunch of gravel underfoot, surrounded by nature's beauty,
offers patients a serene space for reflection, meditation, and relaxation.
These pathways also served as a symbolic journey towards healing,
promoting a sense of peace and tranquility amidst the center's natural
landscape.

3.3.3.5 Therapeutic Landscaping/Access to nature

Fig 33. Therapeutic spaces

Source : https://www.behance.net/gallery/47535163/Alpha-Healing-Center-Designed-By-
AAA-Baroda
Alpha healing center incorporated natural elements and landscaping to create
a serene and therapeutic environment.

 Green Spaces: Lush gardens, courtyards, and green spaces where

patients can connect with nature represent a deliberate and holistic

57
 approach to fostering a profound connection with nature. These areas
included walking paths, seating areas, and reflective spaces.
Inside the center's interior spaces, the introduction of lush plants and
verdant greenery further reinforces this connection with the natural world.
From large, gracefully potted plants to living green walls and thoughtfully
curated indoor gardens, every corner of the center is infused with the
soothing presence of nature.
 Native Plants: Preserving the native plants and trees that are well-suited
to the local climate which enhanced a sense of place and promote
biodiversity.
 Water Features: Ponds and fountains to create a sense of calm and
tranquility. The sound of flowing water which can be soothing.
 Meditation Areas: Quiet, private spots for meditation and reflection were
integrated into the landscape design.
 Outdoor Seating: Comfortable outdoor seating areas which provided
patients with a place to relax, read, or engage in therapeutic activities
while enjoying the natural surroundings.
 Therapeutic Gardens: Specialized gardens, such as herb gardens or
sensory gardens offering spaces for relaxation, contemplation, and
therapeutic outdoor activities, all within the comforting embrace of nature.

3.3.4.6 Natural ventilation and lighting

Natural ventilation and lighting are integral components of the Alpha Healing
Center's design, fostering a healing environment that prioritizes well-being.
Ample windows and strategically placed skylights welcome an abundance of
natural light, infusing the center's spaces with warmth and brightness. This not
only reduces the need for artificial lighting but also helps regulate circadian
rhythms, enhancing the overall sense of wellness for patients and staff.
Additionally, the incorporation of operable windows and ventilation systems
promotes the circulation of fresh outdoor air, ensuring a constant flow of clean,
oxygen-rich air throughout the facility. This natural ventilation not only
improves indoor air quality but also connects individuals with the natural

58
surroundings, creating a harmonious and invigorating atmosphere that
supports the healing journey.

3.3.4.7 Colors

The color palette at the Alpha Healing Center has been meticulously chosen
to promote a therapeutic and serene atmosphere. Natural and calming colors
dominate the interior spaces, creating an environment where healing and
relaxation flourish. Earthy tones such as soft greens, soothing blues, natural
colors of stone,wood etc and warm neutrals envelop patients and staff in a
sense of tranquility and well-being.
These colors not only evoke the healing qualities of nature but also serve to
reduce stress and anxiety, supporting the center's mission of holistic well-
being. Each shade has been thoughtfully selected to create a harmonious and
balanced ambiance, ensuring that every individual who enters the Alpha
Healing Center feels embraced by a soothing and therapeutic environment
conducive to their healing journey.

3.3.4.8 Sensory considerations

Sensory considerations are paramount at Alpha Healing Center, where every

aspect of the environment is carefully designed to enhance the healing
experience. The center's architects and therapists have thoughtfully crafted
spaces that engage the senses positively. From the soothing sound of flowing
water in meditation gardens to the natural textures of wood and stone in
common areas, tactile and auditory sensations are carefully curated to
promote relaxation. Soft, warm lighting complements the overall ambiance,
creating a visually comforting atmosphere. Aromatherapy is integrated into
some spaces, infusing scents that promote calmness and mindfulness. In
every detail, Alpha Healing Center aims to provide a holistic sensory
experience that supports the journey toward physical and emotional well-
being.

59
3.3.3.9 Other features

Since the site is untouched, the designers attempted to make the complex as
self sufficient as possible without compromising on comfort levels. Solar
panels produce approximately produce 30KW, supplementing the electricity
consumed from the grid. Organic farming enables 50% of the requirement of
vegetables to be grown on the site. Waste water is used for irrigation and
rainwater is harvested in a catchment area. Several water bodies have been
created as part of the landscaping, to add to the visual appeal of the space .
There is an integration of many aspects which are important in architecture.
The vernacular architecture of courtyards and verandas has been
reinterpreted in a contemporary idiom. The site has been conserved, local
materials have been used, light and ventilation has been optimized and there
is a perceptible connect with nature . The possibility of horizontal as vertical
expansion has been provided and there is integration of energy saving,
agriculture, recycling of organic waste and water. Recyclable materials have
been used to minimize the green footprint , and the check list of good design
has been diligently tick marked creating a unique space

3.3.4 Inferences

 Right from the concept development itself, this project is highly sensitive
to the site and its surroundings.
It not only preserves the land and existing trees but also seamlessly
blends with the natural landscape.
 Holistically designed with volumetric play of spaces so as to inherent
connection with earth. All built masses placed in such a away that it
merge with the natural landscaping. It showcases how the incorporation of
the environment can enhance the therapeutic experience

SL.No PARAMETERS INFERENCES

1. Medical facilities  Not only the fundamental treatments

but in terms of luxurious and superior

60
 amenities.
 It includes high end
residentials,gourmet
meals,pools,yoga,spa,all kinds of
therapy and other luxury treatments.

2. Orientation  A road parallel to the state highway

was created at the entry to create a
sense of arrival.
 Gentle curves were adopted for the
footprint of the structures, laid out in
the shape of a flower and its petals

3. Climate considerations  Sloping roof with skylight and

ventilation.
 Use of open to sky courtyard in design
for cross ventilation and removable
fins for better indoor environment.

4. Materials  Natural wood to create a warm and

inviting atmosphere,
 Cork to provide a sense of comfort and
coziness.
 Natural stone and gravel to provide
calm and grounding experience which
served as a symbolic journey towards
healing amidst the center’s natural
landscape.

5. Therapeutic landscaping  Lush gardens, courtyards, and green

spaces both in interior and exterior
throughout the site where patients can
connect with nature for a holistic
approach.
 These areas includes walking paths,
seating areas, and reflective spaces.

6. Natural light and  Ample windows and strategically

ventilation placed skylights to bring in natural light
making the spaces warm and
bright ,which not only reduce the need
for artificial lighting but also helps
regulate circadian rhythms.
 Operable windows and ventilation
systems keep the air fresh and
connect individuals with the natural
surroundings, creating a harmonious
atmosphere.

61
7. Colors  Natural and calming colors dominate
the interior spaces which reduce stress
and anxiety, supporting the center's
mission of holistic well-being.
 The core idea was to create a
harmonious and balanced ambiance,
ensuring that every individual who
enters the feels embraced by a
soothing and therapeutic environment.

8. Sensory considerations  Meditation gardens have calming

water sounds.
 Natural textures like stone and wood in
common areas provide tactile and
auditory relaxation.
 Soft, warm lighting adds visual
comfort.
 Aromatherapy enhances the overall
sensory experience.

3.4 KRIPA FOUNDATION

3.4.1 Introduction

Location Pune, Sinhgad Road

Architect -----
Client Largest NGO for drug and HIV/AIDS
Built up area 1930 sqm
Year 1999

Kripa foundation is a type of basic treatment rehab center which primarily

focuses on basic and essential treatment services such as detoxification,
counseling, therapy, and support groups; unlike those high-end luxury rehab
centers with upscale facilities.

62
 Fig 34. (a) Site location from google map (b) Site plan
Source :https://www.google.com/maps/search/k Source : https://www.yumpu.com/
ripa+center+pune

Kripa Foundation is a 42-year-old largest NGO battling Addiction and

HIV/AIDS. Empowering those afflicted and affected by chemical dependency
and HIV/AIDS. Affiliated to the Ministry of Social Justice and Empowerment
(MSJE). Kripa works relentlessly in the field of Addiction and HIV/AIDS. It had
its humble beginnings in a Church Annex in Bandra in 1981 with one Priest,
an Alcoholic, a Doctor and 3 patients. Since then this Non-governmental
organization has spread to 21 Centers all over India and Collaborative
Centers in the West.

3.4.2 Justification

Fig 35. Entrance of Kripa rehab center

Source :https://www.google.com/maps/search/kripa+center+pune/@18.4818868,73.8301
101,181m/data=!3m1!1e3?entry=ttu

The previous case studies primarily focused on luxury rehab centers with
high-end facilities, thoughtfully designed spaces, and a wealth of amenities.
These centers are renowned for their carefully planned environments, aiming
to provide a luxurious and comfortable experience to their patients. However,
on the other hand , there exists another category of rehabilitation center that

63
has a contrasting approach. These facilities prioritize the provision of
fundamental and basic treatment essentials, a more straightforward and
scaled-down approach compared to luxury rehabs. Though they may lack the
extravagant amenities found in luxury rehab centers, their primary objective is
to provide effective addiction treatment.
Not everyone has the financial means to access luxury rehab centers, and for
them, basic treatment facilities become the more viable choice. Kripa
Foundation is one of the pioneering and longest-standing organizations
dedicated to the treatment of drug addiction. Established with a deep sense of
compassion and a mission to address the pressing issue of drug addiction,
Kripa Foundation has played a pivotal role in offering support, treatment, and
rehabilitation services to individuals struggling with substance abuse.

3.4.3 Parameters

3.4.3.1 Medical facilities

 90 days residential treatment.

 Very reasonable and probably the lowest fee structure.
 Uses Non-Chemical approach to chemical dependency.
 Compromises of Alcoholic Anonymous 12 step program with Yoga,
meditation and music therapy.
 It does not include a detoxification ward.
 It caters for 30 male and 30 female patients per batch.

Fig 36. Area distribution and services provided

Source :https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/read/63021278/01-muktangan-case

64
3.4.3.2 Orientation
It sits amidst residential areas in a quite locality away from the hustle bustle of
the main areas.The site surrounding has a lot of greenery and with an open
space of about 5.7 acres.
The building is a single story low rise structure with extrovert planning. It is
placed parallel on the south-west side of site on south-east to north-west axis.
Built masses and open spaces are connected with central spine forming the
major artery for circulation which formed good Intermediate spaces that plays
an important role in binding all spaces.The Central spine segregates private
spaces with semi-public spaces and public spaces. Residential Spaces are
oriented towards north side for better light while the kitchen and service
spaces are oriented towards south side. Pubic and semi-public spaces are
located on the other side of spine in stagger manner so that privacy is not
interrupted.

Fig 37. Site plan and zoning of public/private spaces

Source :https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/read/63021278/01-muktangan-case

3.4.3.3 Climate consideration

Fig 38. Site plan and zoning of public/private spaces

Source :https://www.yumpu.com/en/document/read/63021278/01-muktangan-case

65
In the context of Pune's climate, the staggered placement of buildings offers
several valuable advantages. Pune, located in the western state of
Maharashtra, experiences a hot semi-arid climate with distinct wet and dry
seasons. By strategically staggering buildings, it manages the region's
climatic conditions to enhance sustainability and comfort. It facilitate better
natural ventilation, allowing the cool monsoon breezes to flow through and
reduce the use of intensive energy cooling systems during the hot summer
months.
This approach aligns with Pune's growing emphasis on eco-friendly and
climate-responsive urban planning, making it a promising strategy for the
region's sustainable development.

3.4.3.4 Materials

Given its status as a basic rehabilitation center, the architectural details wasn't
carried out with careful attention. The building has been constructed by just
using standard RCC building materials and typical tin sheets for roofing,
resembling a conventional house

3.4.3.5 Therapeutic landscaping/Access to nature (Not applicable)

3.4.3.6 Natural ventilation and lighting

Since it's a basic rehabilitation center, the architectural aspects weren't

meticulously thought out. However, given its location in Pune, which has a hot
semi-arid climate featuring distinct wet and dry seasons, staggered building
placement was employed. This arrangement offers the following advantages
for natural ventilation and lighting.

Day-lighting: The use of Staggered placement of buildings allowed for better

access to natural daylight. The open spaces between structures, prevent
overshadowing and allow sunlight to reach the buildings. It reduced the need
for artificial lighting during the day, leading to energy savings and a more
pleasant indoor environment.

66
Cross-Ventilation: Staggered placement of buildings facilitated cross-
ventilation between buildings. When there is space between structures, it's
easier for air to flow through, promoting natural ventilation. This can help
regulate indoor temperatures, improve air quality, and reduce the reliance on
mechanical HVAC systems, which can be more energy-intensive.

3.4.3.7 Colors (Not applicable)

3.4.3.8 Sensory considerations (Not application)
3.4.3.9 Other features if any (Not applicable)

3.4.4 Inferences

 Though basic rehab centers have no high end comfort treatments, just as
luxury rehabs their primary goal is to deliver effective addiction treatment.
Despite their simplicity, these type of low maintenance centers are
dedicated to helping clients achieve successful recovery outcomes.
 It serves as an essential option for individuals who require addiction
treatment but do not have the financial means to access more luxurious
alternatives.
 While basic treatment rehab centers may not always have an inviting and
motivating appearance due to their modest maintenance and limited
facilities, it is still noteworthy that they remain commendable for providing
valuable help to individuals in need.

SL.No PARAMETERS INFERENCES

1. Medical facilities  Only the most basic facilities like

patient wards,community hall, dining
and a small library.
 It does not include medical or detox
facilities.

2. Orientation  The building is a single story low rise

structure with extrovert planning.
 It is placed parallel on the south-west

67
 side of site in staggered placement of
buildings which is the most ideal in
context of Pune’s climate

3. Climate considerations  By strategically staggering buildings, it

manages the region's climatic
conditions to enhance sustainability
and comfort.
 It facilitate better natural ventilation,
allowing the cool monsoon breeze to
flow through and reduce the use of
intensive energy cooling systems
during the hot summer months.

4. Materials  Given its status as a basic

rehabilitation center, the architectural
aspects weren't meticulously thought
out.
 Constructed by just using common
RCC building materials and typical tin
sheets for roofing, like a conventional
house.

5. Therapeutic landscaping  Other than its remote location far from

town, there were no additional efforts
made for therapeutic landscaping.

6. Natural light and  Staggered placement of buildings

ventilation allowed better access to natural
daylight.
 Cross ventilation and open spaces
between structures prevent over-
shadowing , enhances natural airflow,
maintains indoor comfort, improve air
quality and allow sunlight to reach the
buildings reducing the need for
artificial lighting which saves energy.

7. Colors  This rehab center is basic and budget-

friendly, unlike other special centers
that carefully pick colors for
psychological reasons,it is just a
simple place for addiction treatment
and not fancy like others.

8. Sensory considerations  It lacks sensory features

68
Case study parameter checklist

PARAMTERS MUKTANGAN GROOT ALPHA KRIPA

MITRA KILNNENDAAL HEALING FOUNDATION
REHAB CENTER
CENTER

Medical
facilities/services

Orientation -----

Climate
considerations
Materials

Therapeutic
landscaping/Access -----
to nature
Natural light and
ventilation

Colors -----

Sensory -----
considerations
Other features if any ----- ----- -----

Source : Author

69
3.5 CASE STUDY ANALYSIS CHART

PARAMETERS LITERATURE STUDY MUKTANGAN MITRA GROOT ALPHA HEALING KRIPA FOUNDATION INFERENCE
REHAB CENTER KLINNENDAAL CENTER
REHAB CENTRE

1. Type Drug rehabs are Mid-range rehab center Luxury rehab center Luxury rehab center Basic treatment rehab Rehab centers vary in
categorized into center comfort, amenities, and
different types based services, all aiming to
on their facilities tackle addiction.
provided. Choosing one solely
• luxury rehab center depends on personal
• basic treatment preference, budget,
rehab center and treatment
• mid range rehab requirements.
center.
2. Built up area NA 1660 sqm 14,000 sqm 6970 sqm 1930 sqm No fixed or standard
built-up area for a rehab
center; it varies based
on the type of rehab
and the preferences of
the clients and services
they aim to provide.
3. Concept NA To create spaces which The design ambition The design concept and Focus on providing only A drug rehab center
help in bringing people was not to create a vision are rooted in the basic and essential should prioritize a
closer to nature,its center with the belief that holistic addiction treatments healing environment
beauty and harmony, appearance of a health healing is the with simpler and lesser with comfortable living
enhancing human building but a building cornerstone of well- amenities compared to spaces, therapy areas,
interaction and reducing as a part of its being. luxury rehabs, but just and integrated medical
alien spaces, such that surroundings and the like any other rehab facilities, fostering
it balances a sense of community. their primary goal is to recovery and well-being
freedom. deliver effective for its clients.
addiction treatment.
4. Medical facilities The essential facilities • Provides nearly all • Specializes in • Not only the • Only the most basic Certain rehab centers
/services necessary for the the basic essential comprehensive fundamental facilities like patient aim primarily at
successful operation of treatment services rehabilitation treatments but in wards,community providing treatment but,
a drug rehab center are required for an services, catering to terms of luxurious hall, dining and a due to budget
• Detoxification effective treatment various patient needs and superior small library. constraints and basic
services but at a standard • Facilities such as amenities. • It does not include standards, they might
• Therapy and level and not in a accommodation, • It includes high end medical or detox fall short in offering
counseling rooms luxurious manner. pool,gym, restaurant, residentials,gourmet facilities. comprehensive
• Medical and clinical • Facilities such as theatre,sports meals,pools,yoga, treatments required.
facilities medical examin- facilities,library etc spa,all kinds of Eg : Detox room and
• Administrative offices ation,detox,yoga, are provided. therapy and other medical facilities were
• Recreational areas therapies,dormitory, luxury treatments. found lacking in Kripa
• Dining facilities sports,library is rehab center which is a
• Residential provided. crucial and fundamental
accommodations. element of drug rehabs
5. Orientation Choose a site that • Building is aligned Specific data about the • A road parallel to the • The building is a These case studies
maximizes exposure to east-west axis rather building orientation not state highway was single story low rise exhibit appropriate
natural light, taking into than north-south found. created at the entry structure with orientation, with each
account the path of the orientation, which is to create a sense of extrovert planning. one thoroughly
sun throughout the day often considered arrival. • It is placed parallel evaluated and
and the surrounding ideal. • Gentle curves were on the south-west optimized to create
environment, south- • This ensures adopted for the side of site in the most suitable
facing windows for consistent use of footprint of the staggered placement orientation for the
maximum sun daylight, controls structures, laid out in of buildings which is building and its
exposure. glare from the rising the shape of a flower the most ideal in respective climate.
and setting sun along and its petals context of Pune’s
the elongated sides. climate
Gujarat state highway

N N

6. Climate considerations • Orient the building • Courtyard planning is • With relatively mild • Sloping roof with • By strategically • Considering climate
to optimize daylight most suited for Pune winters and cool skylight and staggering buildings, is crucial as it
penetration climate which summers, it focuses ventilation. it manages the ensures patient and
• Design with day- provides pleasant on energy-efficient • Use of open to sky region's climatic staff well-being,
lighting in Mind outdoor environment heating and cooling courtyard in design conditions to providing a
• Dynamic shading while improving systems to maintain for cross ventilation enhance comfortable and
and glazing. indoor comfort. a suitable indoor and removable fins sustainability and safe environment.
• Clerestory windows • External wall are temperature year- for better indoor comfort. • These promote
windows to bring in cladded with stone round. environment. • It facilitate better sustainability,
natural light without masonry which • Additionally, large natural ventilation, reduce environm-
compromising served as a thermal windows and access allowing the cool ental impact and
privacy or security. insulation for the to outdoor spaces monsoon breeze to operating costs.
entire building. are incorporated to flow through and • It harness the
• Flying buttress and maximize natural reduce the use of therapeutic benefits
shading devices for light and create a intensive energy of natural
protection against healing atmosphere. cooling systems surroundings,
solar radiation during the hot fostering healing
summer months. and recovery.
7. Materials • Materials that • Entire building is • The building is • Natural wood to • Given its status as a After studying various
contribute to a made of RCC frame cladded with golden create a warm and basic rehabilitation rehab centers, it
calming and thera- structure wrapped in brown anodized inviting atmosphere, center, the becomes evident that
peutic environment, stone composite aluminum panels • Cork to provide a architectural aspects material selection is of
such as sound • In harmony with the which, despite of its sense of comfort and weren't meticulously paramount importance
absorbing properties natural surround- size, makes the coziness. thought out. in the designing of a
or natural finishes, ings, providing a building dissolve • Natural stone and • Constructed by just rehab center. The
play a crucial role in serene and within its gravel to provide using common RCC right materials directly
aiding the healing therapeutic surroundings. calm and grounding building materials impact patient
process. atmosphere, experience which and typical tin sheets comfort, safety,
 • Sustainable • Ensures durability • Aluminum reflects served as a symbolic for roofing, like a durability, ease of
materials not only • Minimizes mainte- light uniquely to the journey towards healing conventional house. maintenance and the
benefit the nance costs over person experiencing amidst the center’s overall therapeutic
environment but also time. ,the angle and the natural landscape. environment.
align with the light which enters the
principles of holistic eye determines the
wellness, making color perceived
them an integral part creating a unique
of creating a experience.
conducive setting for
recovery.

8. Therapeutic • Implementing • Activities are placed • It ensures that the • Lush gardens, NA Nature has a soothing
Landscaping / elements of nature around the central residents of the courtyards, and and restorative effect
Access to nature into the built axis which enhance building does not feel green spaces both on individuals, offering
environment to interaction and enclosed. in interior and a respite from the
create a connection reduce alienation • The curtain walls exterior throughout clinical environment
with the exterior and is made more ensures a seamless the site where reducing stress and
natural world and the lively by amphithe- continuity between patients can connect anxiety which is
interior enhance the ater and greenery interior and exterior with nature for a especially crucial for
well-being. around. showing views in holistic approach. those on the path to
• Elements such as • It visually connects every direction, • These areas includes recovery.
courtyards, garden the various internal creating an illusion walking paths,
therapeutic spaces with nature, like the forest has seating areas, and
pathways, indoor with the help of lush, moved inside or the reflective spaces.
garden, green walls, grassy steps and ivy- inhabitant has moved
water features etc. covered stone walls. outside.
.

9. Natural • Maximizing the use • Courtyard planning • Use of voids, light • Ample windows and • Staggered placement • Natural light has a
light/ventilation of natural light to as a simple design wells to connect strategically placed of buildings allowed profound impact on
create well-lit and strategy to enhance levels and bring in skylights to bring in better access to mood, circadian
cheerful spaces. the availability of natural light into the natural light making natural daylight. rhythms, and overall
• Exposure to natural daylight in every 30m wide building. the spaces warm • Cross ventilation and well-being.
light has been room. • Interplay of striking and bright ,which not open spaces • These elements not
studied to positively • Building is oriented but subtle colors and only reduce the need between structures only create a more
impact one’s mood on east west axis for direct and indirect for artificial lighting prevent over- comfortable but also
and the overall well- better light and lighting into the but also helps shadowing , align with the
being. ventilation by interior. regulate circadian enhances natural principles of
providing circular • Glazed façade rhythms. airflow, maintains evidence-based
skylight cut out and allowing ample .
courtyard. natural light .
 • Atriums with double • Operable windows indoor comfort, design, enhancing the
and triple heights and ventilation improve air quality therapeutic outcomes
increase natural light systems keep the air and allow sunlight to of the center.
and visual fresh and connect reach the buildings
connections between individuals with the reducing the need for
levels. natural surroundings, artificial lighting which
creating a saves energy.
harmonious
atmosphere.

10. Colours • Colors have • Natural stone, wood, • Use of bright colors • Natural and calming NA While some
psychological and earthy tones to allowing the brain to colors dominate the rehabilitation centers
impact, influencing create a calm and more clearly interior spaces which concentrate on using
emotions and grounding remember things reduce stress and natural colors and
perceptions. atmosphere that are notable and anxiety, supporting emphasize the
• Thoughtful color essential for create mental the center's mission inherent beauty of
choices can create a recovery. mapping of space. of holistic well-being. nature, others adopt a
calming, supportive, • Without vibrant • Bold colors to • The core idea was to distinct approach by
and uplifting colors, the center’s contrast with white or create a harmonious utilizing a variety of
atmosphere. holistic approach grey and timbers for and balanced colors to create
relies on the innate memory prompts. ambiance, ensuring psychological impacts
beauty and • These colors, often that every individual that influence emotions
therapeutic qualities associated with who enters the feels and perception.
of these natural childhood and bring embraced by a
elements to offer joy compared to the soothing and
solace and strength, sterile white in most therapeutic
fostering an hospitals. environment.
environment where
recovery can
flourish.
11. Sensory Managing and • It takes into account • More than just vision • Meditation gardens NA Certain rehab centers
considerations considering sensory sensory sensitivities, available to a person have calming water have carefully designed
sensitivities by such as soothing experiencing the sounds. with sensory
controlling lighting, natural colors, building , individuals • Natural textures like considerations, which
temperature, and greenery and used touch to stone and wood in greatly contribute to the
sound levels to create comfortable textures assess the common areas success of patient
a comfortable and to make rehab temperature of the provide tactile and treatment and
calming atmosphere comfortable and light coming in auditory relaxation. improved outcomes.
can significantly impact effective. through the window , • Soft, warm lighting However, some centers
a person's comfort and • In doing so, it smell to identify the adds visual comfort. that solely focus on
responsiveness during acknowledges the smell of trees or • Aromatherapy basic treatment may
the treatment. integral role that hearing to enjoy enhances the overall not incorporate these
sensory experiences sounds coming from sensory experience. beneficial features.
play in the healing nature.
process and strives • This shows that our
to provide a safe and perception involves
nurturing space. multiple senses, not
just vision.
5. CONCLUSION

Drug rehabilitation, commonly known as drug rehab, is a structured program

designed to help individuals struggling with substance abuse and addiction.
These programs offer various therapies, counseling, and medical support to
aid in the recovery process.

Drug addiction is an alarming concern in the society which remains under-

addressed and often ignored in some areas lacking adequate support and
facility. Things are slowly improving, but there's still a lot of work to do in this
neglected area. It is important to consider the needs of these individuals while
designing, we should think about what they need and design these spaces in
a way that it provides a peaceful ,holistic and therapeutic experience which
will help individuals feel comfortable and motivated to engage in their recovery
journey.

A carefully designed and organized drug rehabilitation center can make a big
difference in helping people overcome their addiction. It doesn't just make the
program work better, but it also helps patients get better results and increases
the chances of a successful recovery.

The comprehensive analysis of various rehabilitation center case studies and

literature study has revealed the many factors that contributes to the success
and effectiveness of these facilities. The integration of architectural
considerations, sensory design, and other practices as studied plays a pivotal
role in enhancing the rehabilitation journey. By fostering spaces that are not
only physically functional but also emotionally nurturing, there is a tremendous
opportunity to optimize the well-being and recovery of individuals in need.
These study has served as a valuable resource for future rehabilitation center
designs and underscore the importance of a holistic approach that places
individuals' physical, mental, and emotional well-being at the forefront of the
design process and a cornerstone for any healthcare related infrastructure.

74
The exploration of designing and planning of drug rehabilitation facilities is an
evolving field with ample room for future research. Researchers can delve
deeper into creating more patient-centric spaces, incorporating advanced
technology, and assessing the long-term impact of architectural and
environmental factors on recovery outcomes. Additionally, the study of cost-
effective yet highly efficient design solutions is a promising direction for further
investigation in this critical area of healthcare and make it possible for all
people to aceess the facility and help they require.

75
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