The Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen (Hungarian: a Szent Korona Országai),
informally Transleithania (meaning the lands or region "beyond" the Leitha River), were
the Hungarian territories of Austria-Hungary, throughout the latter's entire existence (30
March 1867 – 16 November 1918), and which disintegrated following its dissolution.
The name referenced the historic coronation crown of Hungary, known as the Crown
of Saint Stephen of Hungary, which had a symbolic importance to the Kingdom of
Hungary.
According to the First Article of the Croatian–Hungarian Settlement of 1868, this
territory, also called Arch-Kingdom of Hungary (Archiregnum Hungaricum, pursuant
to Medieval Latin terminology), was officially defined as "a state union of the Kingdom of
Hungary and the Triune Kingdom of Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia". Though Dalmatia
actually lay outside the Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen, being part of Cisleithania,
the Austrian half of the empire, it was nevertheless included in its name, due to a long
political campaign seeking recognition of the Triune Kingdom, which consisted of a
united Croatia, Slavonia and Dalmatia.
Terms
[edit]
Hungarian: Szent István Koronájának Országai – Lands of the Crown of Saint
Stephen, Szent Korona Országai – Lands of the Holy Crown, Magyar Korona
Országai – Lands of the Hungarian Crown, Magyar Szent Korona Országai – Lands
of the Hungarian Holy Crown
Croatian: Zemlje Krune svetog Stjepana – Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen
German: Länder der heiligen ungarischen Stephanskrone – Lands of the Holy
Hungarian Crown of (Saint) Stephen
Czech: Země Koruny svatoštěpánské – Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen
Slovak: Krajiny Svätoštefanskej koruny – Lands of the Crown of Saint
Stephen, Krajiny uhorskej koruny – Lands of the Hungarian Crown
Serbian: Земље круне Светoг Стефана, romanized: Zemlje krune Svetog Stefana –
Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen
Romanian: Țările Coroanei Sfântului Ștefan – Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen
Ukrainian: Землі корони Святого Стефана, romanized: Zemli korony Sviatoho
Stefana – Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen
Rusyn: Землї короны Сятого Іштвана, romanized: Zemlji korony Siatoho Ištvana –
Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen
Russian: Земли кoроны Святого Иштвана, romanized: Ziemli korony Sviatova
Ištvana – Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen
Map of the counties of the Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen
The Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen consisted of the territories of the Kingdom of
Hungary (16) and the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia (17).
Transleithania
[edit]
Transleithania (Hungarian: Lajtántúl, German: Transleithanien, Croatian: Translajtanija,
Polish: Zalitawia, Czech: Zalitavsko, Slovak: Zalitavsko) was an unofficial term for the
Lands of the Crown of Saint Stephen.
The Latin name Transleithania referred to the parts of the empire "beyond" (trans)
the Leitha (or Lajta) River, as most of its area lay to the east of that river – or "beyond"
it, from an Austrian perspective. Cisleithania, the Habsburg lands of the Dual Monarchy
that had been part of the Holy Roman Empire, along with Galicia and Dalmatia, lay to
the west (on "this" side) of the Leitha River.
The territory reached from the arc of the Carpathian Mountains in present-
day Slovakia to the Croatian coast of the Adriatic Sea. The capital of Transleithania
was Budapest.[2]
Crown lands
[edit]
After the Austro-Hungarian Compromise of 1867, Transleithania consisted of
the Kingdom of Hungary (which included Hungary proper as well as the territories of the
former Principality of Transylvania (Erdélyi Fejedelemség) and the former Voivodeship
of Serbia and Banat of Temeschwar), the internally self-governed Kingdom of Croatia-
Slavonia, and the free port of Rijeka (Fiume). The Military Frontier was under separate
administration until 1873–1882, when it was abolished and incorporated into the
Kingdom of Hungary and the Kingdom of Croatia-Slavonia.
