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116 views507 pagesThe Hymns of Atharvan Zarathushtra (1967) Chatterji - Hymns - Ebook144
The Hymns of Atharvan Zarathushtra
Uploaded by
Akla TextosCopyright
© © All Rights Reserved
We take content rights seriously. If you suspect this is your content, claim it here.
Available Formats
Download as PDF or read online on Scribd
/ 507
THE HYMNS
OR
ATHARVAN ZARATHUSHTRA
BY
JATINDRA MOHAN CHATTERUI, “x. a.
THE PARSI ZOROASTRIAN ASSOCIATION
CALCUTTA
1967 Published by :
‘The Parsi Zoroastrian Association
1, Saklat Place,
Caleuttat3.
Printed at:
Harihar Press
98/2, Sitaram Ghose St,
&
Sriboni Printing Co.
80/5 Beniatela Lane,
Caleutza9.
Bound by +
Peintofix
24/8, Budhu Ostagar Lane,
Calanttas,
Rs. 25:00
PUBLISHER'S NOTE
‘The Parsi Zoroastrian Association has great pleasure. in
presenting to the public this monumental worl: by Sti Jatindra
Mohan Chatterji,
Sti Chatterji was born in 1880 in the village of Sungar,
District Dacea now in East Pabistan and obtained his M.A,
| eegree from the Colentia University in 1912 He joined
Goverment service in 1917 and served in the district of
Murshidabad from 1924 to 1999. At about this time he became
Interested in the study of the Zoroastrian Religion and the
Message and teachings of its Fonnder, It speaks volumes
for Sti Chatterj’s perseverinee and scholarship that
‘he taught himself Gujrati and Persian in his search for
a deeper understanding of the subject, :
About 85 years ago, Sti Chatterji published | “The
Bithical Conception of the Gathas’ and a translation of the
Gothas which is now out of print. This latter work included
Gujrati section compiled by the late Sri Ardeshir Nusser-
wanji Bilimoria, who used to publish a monthly magazine
“Cherag® from Navsari in Gujrat. Sri Chatterji has published
other books in Bengali on the life and teachings of
Zarathushtra and short commentaries on the Gathas as well
son the gospels of Guru Nanak and Govinda Singh,
‘The present volume is truly Sti Chatteris magi opus
and is the product of a lifetime of devoted study of the Gathas
and the religion of Zarathusher. ‘The Association malees no
claim that this commentary: is infallible aud sctiolars. may. disagree very: strongly with: a particular view taken by Sti
Chatter. This does not, in any ways detract from the
value of this publication ; on. the contrary, the Association
feels certain that this work is indeed a notahle contribution to
the literature. on the subject: The opinion of Mahamaho-
spachyaya Dr. Gopinath Kaviral, 4 great authority on Sanskritie
studies is given below, as being relevant on the point :
“in view of the fact that serfous studies on a comparative
basis of ancient religious traditions, embidied in the
Vedic and Avestan literature, are very rare, the value
fof the present work can hardly be overestimated. 1
‘cannot speale with authotity on the subject, but it seems
to me that the work is the result of wide studies carried
‘on during an ontire lifetime and reveals depth of
thought and extrastdinary insight,
"To many some of his conclusions may appear to be new,
but that is probably the best reason why the subject
matter should be critically investigated by specialists
‘and carefully discussed with an tnprejudiced and open
mind,
The author believes that the Vedic culture bad twolines
of development—one associated with Bhrigu represnt
ing the Asuras and the other with Angiras standing
for the Devas, What is generally known under the
name Zend Avesta i, in-his view, Bhargava Veda. The
‘Avesta comprises four Samhitas or collections of Hymns,
the chiof of which is called by the name of Yasne.
Seventeen Hymns of this Samita are usually designated
as: Gatha, ‘The author thinks that this important
a
section of the Avesta. is int a sense the original work
oh Which Sufism, as @ cult of Diving Love, was ultimately
baseil. The Divine. in this cult is looked upon as the
Beloved, and the human soul) as the Lover. Tt is
analoguons to the Rega Marga of the mediaeval
Yaisimevas,
‘Sti Chattorii believes. that neither Greek culture nor
Vedanta or Islam in any of its forms, had anything to
o with the origin of Sufism, which is a logical fillation
of the eatly Gatha culture of Divine Love, ‘The secret
of this Sadan lies in selfdedication to the Divine ina
spirit of loving surrender,
‘The leamed Introduction of thie author contains auch
that & worth knowing and deserving of our serious
attention. Even critcisins are helpfil in the investigation
of Truth, [hope the work will receive a wide publicity
song, schol, epecly among seas students of
Comparative Religion?
Sel Chatterji is a modest and humble man and lives
qpielly at Barasat in the 24 Parganas District of Wost Bongal,
This Associdtion is proud tohave been given the opportunity
to publish this labour of love from one who is indeed a worthy
disciple of the noble Propliet of Iran,
‘The Association also wishes to express its grateful thanks
to Dr, Sarvaplli Radhakrishnan, President of Indi, for his
‘gracious message which appears in this book,
The Parsi Zoroastrian Assocation
1, Saklat Place,
Cateutta-13,
Aprid, 1967 Rashtrapati Bhavan,
NEW DELHE4
January 24, 1967
Tam happy to learn that the
Parsi Zoroastrian Association,
Caloutta,is shortly publishing a
treatise “Hymns of Atharvan Zara-
thushtra” comprising of 35 years
research work on the Avesta by Shri
Jatindra Mohan Chatterji. I am
Sure this publication will prove
a valuable contribution towards
the study of the Avesta in the
light of Vedic literature, and I
send my best wishes for its success,
S. Radhakrishnan ADDITIONAL NOTES :
P. xviii, line SL: The term Parsw was applied to the
land as well as tots people, vide Panini 5-8117 (atte
atta or st )
‘The Bihistan inserfption calls the land Parsa: (Hodivala—
Parsis of Ancient India, p. 8)
P, exii,ine 7: Muhammed had not foreseen the great
influence which his doctrine would have on the Persians:
He did not know that he had borrowed many Zoroastrian
ideas ; he believed that their source was Jewish and was
tmaware that the Koran was, so to speak, # second edition
of the Zend Avesta, It was precisely this ladle of originality
which favoured the spread of Islam in Persia—Dozy (Claud
Field—Persian Literature, p, 88)
P, cxvii, Hine 141 It may also be remembered that a
correct Interpretation of the Koran is not an easy task,
H.A.R. Gibb, in his ‘Arabic Literature’ observes (p 13):
“An Arabic text contains only seventy five percent of the
meaning and the remaining twenty five percent has to be
supplied by the reader”,
PB. ox
p22 Jalaluddin Rumi came from the
purest Iranian stock, the royal line of Khwarezm (Khiva)—
Claud Field—Persian Literature, p. 117, i
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‘translator translators:
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au wt BE, 8, | 00 4 epells repels
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836 a aT waa oll 6 mate mata
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889 last ste she 54815 Athurvan Atharvan
348, 8 eoterting entering, | 548 a ae te everybédy
847 38 fats faatt 2 5 everybody) etete
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860 a at ae 80 8 re in
362 9 wealking area lies | 505 last ‘paseive passive
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INTRODUCTION
PegAE Peer area ae
ar gnc eng Bhat —Rigveda 412-7
All the worlds know Him ; only some cil] Varma by the
same “Vedhas*,
The Veda isthe oldest book tn the world’s library. Antiquity
is aimed also.for the papyrus tolls of Fypt but they do not
§9 30 far back as five thousind 1..C. This is the timo when
‘the composition of the Veda started, a» Tilak, the great Vedic
scholar his proved on astronomical date'.. Moreover, the
‘Papyrus rolls are mere scrolls and fragments and not a
‘complete book like the Veds*.
The Veda originally consisted of three books viz (1) the
Rikor the ‘book of poetry (2) the Yajus or the bool of prose
and (9) the Saman or the book of sengs*. The Rigveda is
the original bool ; Yajus and Saman are merely liturgical
compilationss.
Tothese three Vedas was. subsequently added the supple-
‘mentary Veds or the Atharva Veda?
‘The Atharva Veda consists of two books, the Bhargava
Simhita and the Angirssa Samhita, ‘This is why to the
Atharra Veda, the double-bitelled name of Bhrigu-Angirasi
Sambita (safe dfigar) has been given. by the Gopatha
‘Brahmana’.
1, Tilak Orion P.208
2% Dilondeanath Pal—Religion of the Windus P. 1,
3, Jaimini Parva Mimwass (Satms 2.192 0 21-84)
4 Gritty oF tie Athares Veda, Preface, 7-2.
5, 1) Maeionell—History of Sunakrit Litoratare P. 196
£8) Bloombeld~ Atharva Voda and Gopatha Brahmans P. 50
Bloomtieli-—Alymns of the Athinrva Vosse—Lattodaetion Py 22 ci) ; | (ay
Unlte the three original Vedas which derive their names 7 | © Bets ame emg gree: ae wa set a senfe (Sayanay—it is
from the nature of the composition, these'two books derive \ sic Rothe fault of the stick that the blind man does not find it.
the. nmmps: from their anthoss*. (Ht is like the witeacre of the fable of Rambrishon Paramhansa,
is to beV MOREA idhat ANB} EAR supplements are not the who sai the, howe of his neighbour burt doo, but. refived
two parts of the sais hook as is sometimes wrongly supposed \ to belierestneiee ltrs fer’ wards ek git Stistdicated tepoet
by seme persord,! whi! (ale lthe'éurtent Indian Atharva | abut it ip any newspaper.
“Aniitada Veds Yo be'the whole’ of the Atharva Veda. These i pel
sy \areye-gevarate books, This je why the Gopatha, Brahmans 1 i [ Siemeenencer re
scouts the nomber of the Vedas to be adding 1 Aa Se eer aH aed gare
Bhrgaya. aml, Apeicasa Vedas ty the ore! ifree— Rik, 1 sly ; Masnavi 8-09
nd Saman. , The Bhargava Veda, 13 required to be We fool, te ay
aetna Saas * i, a ‘ 1, tie a rope. round: yourteg. Otherwise you will
1) added ip order, te make the naniber five®) The ‘Mababharata i 0) miss, yourself {asues Foci. ure te Pies inthe
also, states the, umber of the Vedas "to be five. Vyasa | crowd. i
«Sanat ae four Vedas tos four disgiples and tho Ah Veda) | oy Weeda not want.to miss. the hargava Veda—for want of
Oe Bis 30m, Boy, ‘ii 0) AFeport in.the:newspapers, |) ||
sec et ot eg rey Orn | (/) 0) Phe Bhargava” Veda! and. the Angirisa Veda’ exe into
B > givayab ele aided ee ates 1 {0 Aatoence after the’ tidoeosizas beeame’ civided on the
icy bald alles se RH yr | question of mndeoticism and ictnolatry, “Bhrigu or Sbokra is
HME IT eine Yo Se 5 Santi Pana 9340 the pridst'of the “Asuras (Ec. worshippers of Asura). The
! hocowl “Seetie! peupleintay be inctined to think’thatthe Bhargara > Asurasemphasised the importance of monothetim id anieonie
‘Veda fs an imaginary book—imagined out of thé” appellation E Cfretere) ‘worship | Angitata’ ot Brahaspati was’ the! priest
“inp plgneAngina Samia. ° Soni doppesition Tote. “p) of the Devas (i ¢, worshijinets of Deva), ‘These: pooplé were
“The Iranian name of the book is Avesta: ‘To Panint the book Piinioiok So" plisentions ih these point,
a ie trie “even fae Ilan te, “To him, the F i. “End! poplaé name of the Bhargava Veda te Zend” Avesta,
1) han eer aras so Thiporteat that he felt Hintsel? éalled upon ‘There a difference of opinion about the meaning’ ef the
bo hide ennpee arsepateaté Sutra (19-26) for itd dérivationi/ There
48 nb dobbt that the Avesta is the se¥iptore’of “Abiintéworship.
| And the preceplor of Ahuraworship is, ‘in thidia! called
| Bhriga. There should not therefore be any doubt that the
0 daciiea i
* cit Zend, Some sy, that it fs the name of the nawge
“i whiel'the Avesta 1 wetien, “Others “say that the word.
neds omimentary”, and Zend Avesta means Avtsta along
itd Bomnmentaty (Avesta ba Zend). "Tt would thas appear
nao
| ‘Avesta the scripture, of, Bhsigh apd. hat (y Tedian name PO tide “Avesta? 18 ihe pitcipal word ‘and”"Zon’* ‘oily’ qualifies
| would more) aptly: be Bhargava, Sambita, ,sEo, fail. to see in if eae
the Avesta the Setiphifoyet heii ie tobe bind ta actnal Zend corespansy,, tp, the Sanskrit term ar ore is
"i Weien_if yan of the Athans Veda Profagn: La sr Moth, name, fo, the Veda, the Mdin§. Kosh says ara:
4. o4y toma there Wats patti Beaks: yo SETA TTT: | And gq is a, variant of, gaa, by
ii) Bloneld—tfyeans of thy Athaera Voth, Tate’ wetlon ps xe 0 phe Maram, OFA, OTE vi. Kataniry Chand, Sutra by GD
} (a)
Chandra Kania Tarkalankars). The Vattika says that vedic alicsini ’ !
nouns often drip the final zand a optionally, Thus aq at jen soihe velic sages who are easlier to
| means Vedic and rar means a hymn, as stated by Panini are a foes a ‘eis “Atharvan
+ (an were 19-25). Andso gq get (Zend Avesta), ; Zarsthosbtra came world, but they’ composed
means a itook of Vedic hymas. ‘The word wis so Soe ; | ee, ae ‘fone Rs reialctanae
’anini the had. corny rite rule for its : a ‘Zarathushira is foremost because: 1 gospel
oe a epsonceiat hay SETAC cooesared that he trough (the: Gata) fs the earliest
