Lunch and Learn Plan
Prepared for: Key Engineering
Prepared by: Brent Smith
Project name: Lunch And Learn
Revision: A
Date: 08/07/2024
1 CONTENTS
2 Purpose........................................................................................................... 2
3 Context & Overview........................................................................................ 3
4 Current Tasks.................................................................................................. 3
5 Off-Boarding Checklist..................................................................................... 4
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2 PURPOSE
This document serves as the Plan for the PID tuning lunch and learn (L&L) by
Brent Smith. The plan is to split the L&L into 2 sessions. The first highlighting
what a PID is and why we use them and what for. The second going into detail
about how we tune them and tips and tricks. Then hopefully a practical example.
3 CONTEXT & OVERVIEW
3.1 LESSON 1: INTRODUCTION TO PID CONTROLLERS AND BASIC
TUNING TECHNIQUES (1 HOUR)
3.1.1 Introduction (3 minutes)
3.1.1.1Welcome and Objectives
G’day all welcome to my Lunch and Learn. For those of you that don’t know me I
am Brent Smith, and I am an alcoholic.
Sorry force of habit, I am a senior process control systems engineer here at Key
and today I am going to guide you through this lunch and learn as we explore
PIDs and their place in process control.
Those of you that know me, know I like to spin a yarn and can go off on tangents,
so please feel free to heckle and participate as much as possible. To keep me on
track and sabotage me you want. But honestly, I am in no way the leading expert
in PIDs or even come close to the best in this room, so please if I start blowing
smoke or say anything that is incorrect or off topic pull me up or challenge me
and we can figure it out together.
I am hoping by the end of todays lesson, everyone here will know:
1. What a PID is.
2. Why and where they are used in control.
3. Be able identify Unstable and unusable PIDs
4. And Know at least one method of tuning for PIDs
3.1.2 What is a PID Controller? (10 minutes)
3.1.2.1Definition and Components (Proportional, Integral, Derivative)
A PID controller is a control loop mechanism that employs feedback to control
process variables. The acronym stands for Proportional-Integral-Derivative.
Proportional (P): This part of the controller takes the current error value and
applies a correction based on a proportional gain.
Integral (I): This part accounts for past errors to eliminate residual steady-state
error.
Derivative (D): This part predicts future error based on its rate of change,
helping to dampen the response and improve stability.
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Basic Function
In simple terms, a PID controller tries to correct the error between a desired
setpoint and a measured process variable by calculating and outputting a
corrective action.
3.1.3 Why and where are PIDs Used in Control? (10 minutes)
3.1.3.1Importance
PIDs are vital in process control because they ensure the process variable
reaches and stays at the desired setpoint. They are fundamental for maintaining
the stability and efficiency of industrial processes.
3.1.3.2Applications (e.g., temperature control, flow control, pressure
control)
You’ll find PID controllers in various applications such as:
o Temperature control in chemical reactors.
o Flow control in pipelines.
o Pressure control in boilers.
o Speed control in motors.
3.1.4 Identifying Unstable or Untuned PIDs (10 minutes)
3.1.4.1Signs of Instability
An unstable or untuned PID can cause:
Oscillations where the process variable continually overshoots and
undershoots the setpoint.
Excessive overshoot where the process variable exceeds the setpoint
significantly.
Long settling times where the process variable takes too long to reach the
setpoint.
3.1.4.2Examples
For instance, imagine a temperature control system where the temperature
keeps fluctuating wildly instead of stabilizing at the desired value. This indicates
the PID is not tuned correctly.
3.1.5 Different Tuning Techniques (15 minutes)
Overview of Techniques (e.g., Ziegler-Nichols, Cohen-Coon, manual
tuning)
Pros and Cons of Each Technique
3.1.6 Q&A Session (10 minutes)
Open Floor for Questions
Encourage Discussion and Address Queries
3.1.7 Conclusion (2 minutes)
Summary of Key Points
Preview of Next Lesson
Thank You
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3.2 LESSON 2: ADVANCED TUNING TECHNIQUES AND PRACTICAL
APPLICATIONS (1 HOUR)
3.2.1 Introduction (3 minutes)
Welcome Back and Objectives
Agenda Overview
3.2.2 Our Tuning Technique at Key Engineering (10 minutes)
Description of the Technique
Steps Involved
Why We Use It
3.2.3 How to Use Our Tuning Technique (10 minutes)
Step-by-Step Guide
Tools and Resources
3.2.4 Considerations When Tuning a PID (10 minutes)
External Factors (noise, disturbances, process dynamics)
Mitigation Strategies
3.2.5 Tips and Tricks for Effective PID Tuning (5 minutes)
Best Practices and Tips
Common Pitfalls and How to Avoid Them
3.2.6 Advanced Control Philosophies (10 minutes)
Cascade Control: Explanation and Applications
Constraint Control: Description and Applications
3.2.7 Practical Example (8 minutes)
Walkthrough of a Real-World Example
Demonstration Using a Simulator or Real-Time Data
3.2.8 Q&A Session (10 minutes)
Open Floor for Questions
Encourage Discussion and Address Queries
3.2.9 Conclusion (2 minutes)
Summary of Key Points
Additional Resources for Further Learning
Thank You
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