CONCERN Worldwide

Tigray Coordination Office

Gerealta WASH Field office

Shmendi Kewani WASH Officer

March 20, 2023

Project Title Emergency Lifesaving Assistance to Improve Access to Safe and Adequate
WASH Services for IDPs and host community/population in Tigray Region
Donor UNICEF
Reporting Partner Concern Worldwide
Location Gerealta, Tigray, Ethiopia
Project Period 01/12/2022 to 20/03/2023
Reporting Period 21/03/2023

Part 1- Introduction
Concern Worldwide WASH team is working on institutional and community WASH rehabilitation
on Gerealta weredas. This is targeted on improving WASH related infrastructure and mainly to
restore the damaged infrastructure due to the war in to the previous status.

As per the direction of WASH PM, Gerealta WASH team was on continuous field trip to collect
the existed Institutional and Community WASH related data. The main target of this task is to have
accurate, reliable and organized WASH related data and to prepare plan on the way, how to address
the problem of the society.

As a WASH team, we were on continues baseline assessments on health facilities, Schools

(primary and secondary schools) and community water supply systems on WASH related issues.

From this we try to identify the critical problem existed there, that may be the main cause roots
of not to improve the WASH system and health of the society as a whole and students specifically
is unmanageable shortage of water supply for drinking. As a team we really care about the health
of students in particular and society in general we been busy on finding a solution and alternative
ideas but the situation there needs further investigations and it needs huge budgets to restore the
system into previous status.

During the wartime, school facilities and community waters were using as military camp. Because
of this, almost all WASH facilities were damaged or became nonfunctional.

Part 2. Objectives
General objective:
The general objective of base line assessment in WASH in order to contribute to the improvement
of documentation, to restore water supply system of the whole Kebelles in each of the Wereda
damaged and collapsed due to the devastating war, looting of materials by different soldiers so it
needs detailed assessment is mandatory. This can help to the Tigray Water Resources Office,
Wereda Water Resource office, and other WASH partners to identify the type and scale of damages
imposed on different water supply schemes and system and give remedial actions including
capacity building and psychological treatments which are important for the water supply system
to get back to the state of prior war.
Main objective:
➢ To Assess the level and type of damages on the water supply system caused due to the
imposed war
➢ To restore and strengthen the collapsed Weredas structures
➢ To identify the gaps where different partners can participate in maintaining, restoring and
strengthening the damaged water supply system and collapsed Weredas structures as a
whole.
 ➢ To document 100 WASH cases that are successful or unsuccessful in the Wereda through
written reports, briefing notes, photographs and documentary video
➢ To identify major challenges in the implementation of WASH program including
community participation, community perception, operation and maintenance and
institutional setup.
Part 3 The activities accomplished as of 01-12-2022 up to 20-03-2023

During our field visitation I and my colleague re -assess the health centers, Schools and community
water supply system. Basically, these health facilities, Schools and community water supply
system need structural rehabilitation and also needs additional WASH rehabilitation works
especially all the health posts and all the primary and secondary schools needs rehabilitation.
• Quality Checking of the project, Preparing BOQ of the executed quantities, Preparing
Payment Certificates, Preparing of designs for the WASH rehabilitations, Site Hand Over for
the project -I to responsible woreda government offices and the public Institutions.
• Briefing has conducted about UNICEF WASH project for Wereda stakeholders (wereda
health office, wereda education office and wereda water resources office).
• Establishing of UNICEF cluster meeting in the wereda and discussed in detail about
WASH, Health, and Nutrition by two weeks always in Wednesday at the Wereda Concern
worldwide field office.
• From the starting date as WASH team, we support the wereda in collaboration with the
wereda stakeholders (REST), I performed baseline assessment in all the kebelles of the
wereda in health facilities, Schools and Community water supply system. Therefore, during
the assessment time every water point, health facilities and schools identified every
problem in all the facilities due to the war happened in the region.
➢ Detail Post –War WASH Assessment of 7 Public Health Institutions
➢ Detail Post –War WASH Assessment of 18 Public Schools
➢ Detail post-War WASH Assessment of 121 water points of the wereda.
➢ Establishment of WASH Co. members in 8 water points of the wereda.
• As a team, we also see peoples use unprotected water for drink in Arebay, Adi-walka, Alal,
Adi-lala, Bati-akor and Rural Tsigereda (Dini-wale and Efet-kola). This is due to the
damaging of water points in the community. This problem is difficult and it needs special
 attention from governmental and nongovernmental organization especially for our
organization because this may create unexpected health problem inside the community.
• My colleague and I also try to shear the people’s response on our rehabilitation process and
their expectation from us. They told us they really appreciate all the activities performed
during the baseline assessment in all kebelles and they believe we can restore the system as
much as we can, but they strongly oppose our rapid need response is below zero. As a team,
we shear our feeling too, but we expect the organization will change its response method on
this season.
• Final after the long process (back and forward) of the bid, the bid was open on 15-02-2023
and also awarded after long time. After this time all the winner coming to the wereda for
site handover (shallow boreholes in 13-3-2023, WASH facilities in 18-3-2023 and Water
supply system in 20-3-2023) and expected to start works after 5 days.
Part 4 Assessment Methodology
• By going and Physical Assessment of the WASH facilities on the ground as well as
interviewing the community on the ground to know the problem, the same to as the Wereda
water office, health office and wereda education office as the same time on the point of the
location.
• By Interviewing the people of the Community and water supply technical experts
Key Findings
▪ Most of the Water supply schemes of the community are broken & intentionally destroyed.
▪ Most of the people are using water from open and untreated water source (unprotected
sources).
▪ Latrine doors of public institutions are looted, rusted and damaged,
▪ Hand washing facilities damaged, and most of their accessories destroyed.
▪ The Rainwater harvesting structures of the public institutions destroyed.
Challenges
❖ Bid Delay -is the main challenge in previous three Months, due to this the WASH facilities
are not rehabilitated as much as possible in the time of emergency response, then
community continues to use the open water sources and lakes, results in additional WASH
problems and water borne diseases.
 ❖ Access- Some of the gravel roads damaged highly on the past two years by rainy season.
Due to the conflict, no maintenance done, and it makes it difficult to accesses some public
institutions and the war-affected community.
❖ Slow rehabilitation process is also the main challenge that scrambled not to fully practicing
WASH activities.
❖ Non-Community base WASH rehabilitation is almost killing the health system of the
health facility, because our rehabilitation is mainly focused on health centers and health
posts only.
Part 5 Recommendations
❖ The problem is intensive our response is weak. Finding new procedure is choice less to
address the demand of the society.
❖ Community by its self is a nation, nations without healthy community is meaningless.
So that to have strong nation’s economy and energetic citizen’s health care on the society
is must. To achieve good health of the community its choice to rehabilitate and restore
all community base wash infrastructure on short period of time.
❖ Emergency water supply storage, alternatives water sources are expected on public
institutions such as health facilities (BHC).
❖ As we know health post are located too far from Ethiopian electrical grid system. As a
result of this they are not lucky to have them normal water supply system, therefore to
satisfy the demand it is crucial to provide alternative water storage structures. Like
manually operated water from underground water storage and water plastic water
tankers great than 10m3.
❖ For sustainable health care and effective environmental protection from different
pollutions, rehabilitation and/or re-work all damaged public and private wash
infrastructure’s is choice less.
❖ However, we propose to rehabilitee very small community base WASH facilities but it
is not enough and its response is too slow. As a team, we recommend it is our duties to
take an immediate response to address our community WASH related problems.
 APPENDAX
1. Water Coverage of the wereda

Gerealta Water Location Expected Beneficiaries Status Water Supply Water Coverage in %
Pervious Current
Kebella NF
Kebella Village M F T HHs Schemes F T Water Water
Center s
Coverage Coverage
Arebay 163 190 353 181 2-SHW, 1-HDW 0 3 3 212.46 0.00
Arebay Adi-Amday Arebay 1,573 1,751 3,324 459 2-HDW 0 2 2 15.04 0.00
Adi-ferti 337 320 657 223 0 0 0 0.00 0.00
2,073 2,261 4,334 863 4,660 0 5 5 28.84 0.00
Alal 531 484 1,015 188 4-HDW 1 3 4 98.52 24.63
Alal Saz Alal 322 303 625 116 0 0 0 0.00 0.00
Monguda 618 581 1,199 222 0 0 0 0.00 0.00
1,471 1,368 2,839 526 1 3 4 35.22 8.81
5-HDW, 3-SHW,
Bat-Mukae 1,315 1,368 2,683 497 1-SP 2 7 9 83.86 18.64
Hatemti Bat- 723 753 1,476 273 1-SHW, 1-HDW 0 2 2 33.88 0.00
Adi-Walka
Mukae
Hala 739 768 1,507 279 4-HDW, 1-SHW 1 4 5 82.95 16.59
Kelkele 1,067 1,110 2,177 403 0 0 0 0.00 0.00
3,844 3,999 7,843 1,452 3 13 16 51.00 9.56
Adi-lal 1,473 870 2,343 434 2-HDW, 2-SHW 1 3 4 42.68 10.67
Adi-lal Hadnet Adi-lal 1,582 923 2,505 464 3-SHW, 1-SP 2 2 4 39.92 19.96
Adi-Gedged 617 501 1,118 207 2-SHW, 1-SP 0 3 3 67.08 0.00
3,672 2,294 5,966 1,105 3 8 11 46.09 12.57
Adi-mela 974.00 930.00 1,904 353 4-SHW, 3-HDW 4 3 7 183.82 105.04
R/Tsigerda Diniwale
Eifet-kola 332.00 650.00 982 182 2-HDW 0 2 2 101.83 0.00
 Diniwale 709.00 742.00 1,451 269 0 0 0 0.00 0.00
2,015 2,322 4,337 803 4 5 9 103.76 46.11
Kambo 455 621 1,076 199 1-DW, 4-SHW 5 0 5 116.17 116.17
U/Tsigerad
Bat-Mehaber Tsigerada 580 720 1,300 241 4-SHW 0 4 4 76.92 0.00
a
Gindae 621 679 1,300 241 4-SHW 3 1 4 76.92 57.69
1,656 2,020 3,676 681 - 8 5 13 88.41 54.41
Bati-akor Bati-akor Bati-akor 799 838 1,637 303 2-HDW, 8-SHW 5 5 10 152.72 76.36
799 838 1,637 303 - 5 5 10 152.72 76.36
Tsaeda-emni 720.00 612.00 1,332 247 1-HDW, 2-SHW 2 1 3 56.31 37.54
Mai-quhiha Debre-Brhan Bati-akor 1,153 1,105 2,258 418 4-HDW, 5-SHW 4 5 9 99.65 44.29
May-Daero 1,255 1,298 2,553 473 3-HDW, 6-SHW 6 3 9 88.13 58.75
3,128 3,015 6,143 1,138 - 12 9 21 85.46 48.84

Woreda Level 51-SHW, 1-DW,

18,658 18,117 36,775 6,871 3-SP & 34-HDW 36 53 89 60.50 24.47

2. Some pictures during the assessments

3. Map of the Wereda