Designation: A 579/A 579M – 04a

Standard Specification for

Superstrength Alloy Steel Forgings1
This standard is issued under the fixed designation A 579/A 579M; the number immediately following the designation indicates the year
of original adoption or, in the case of revision, the year of last revision. A number in parentheses indicates the year of last reapproval.
A superscript epsilon (e) indicates an editorial change since the last revision or reapproval.

1. Scope* E 21 Test Methods for Elevated Temperature Tension Tests

1.1 This specification covers requirements for forged steel of Metallic Materials
shapes for highly stressed structural members requiring yield E 45 Test Methods for Determining the Inclusion Content
strengths in excess of 140 ksi [965 MPa]. of Steel
1.2 This specification is not intended for applications lim- E 112 Test Methods for Determining Average Grain Size
ited by creep deformation. E 165 Test Method for Liquid Penetrant Examination
1.3 Twenty-seven grades are covered by this specification. 3. Ordering Information and General Requirements
Selection will depend upon design, service conditions, and
mechanical properties required. 3.1 In addition to the ordering information required by
1.4 Supplementary requirements are provided for use when Specification A 788, the purchaser shall include with the
additional testing or inspection is desired. These shall apply inquiry and order a detailed drawing, sketch, or written
only when specified individually by the purchaser in the order. description of the forging.
1.5 The values stated in either inch-pound or SI (metric) 3.2 Material supplied to this specification shall conform to
units are to be regarded separately as standards. Within the text the requirements of Specification A 788, which outlines addi-
and tables, the SI units are shown in brackets. The values in tional ordering information, manufacturing requirements, test-
each system are not exact equivalents; therefore, each system ing and retesting methods and procedures, marking, certifica-
must be used independently of each other. Combining values tion, product analysis variations, and additional supplementary
from the two systems may result in non-conformance with the requirements.
specification. 3.3 If the requirements of this specification are in conflict
1.6 Unless the order specifies the applicable “M” specifica- with the requirements of Specification A 788, the requirements
tion designation, the material shall be furnished to the inch- of this specification shall prevail.
pound units. 4. Materials and Manufacture
2. Referenced Documents 4.1 The steel shall be made in accordance with the Melting
2.1 ASTM Standards: 2 Process Section of Specification A 788. A sufficient discard
A 255 Test Methods for Determining Hardenability of Steel shall be made to secure freedom from injurious pipe and undue
A 275/A 275M Test Method for Magnetic Particle Exami- segregation.
nation of Steel Forgings 4.2 The material shall be forged as close as practical to the
A 370 Test Methods and Definitions for Mechanical Testing specified shape and size.
of Steel Products 4.3 The finished product shall be a hot-worked forging as
A 388/A 388M Practice for Ultrasonic Examination of defined by Specification A 788.
Heavy Steel Forgings 4.4 Heat Treatment Performed by Forging Supplier—
A 788 Specification for Steel Forgings, General Require- Forgings may be furnished in one of the following conditions
ments as specified in the inquiry and purchase order (some conditions
E 3 Methods of Preparation of Metallographic Specimens are not applicable to all grades):
4.4.1 Stress relieved,
4.4.2 Annealed,
1
This specification is under the jurisdiction of ASTM Committee A01 on Steel, 4.4.3 Solution treated,
Stainless Steel and Related Alloys and is the direct responsibility of Subcommittee 4.4.4 Solution treated and aged,
A01.06 on Steel Forgings and Billets.
Current edition approved September 1, 2004. Published October 2004. Originally
4.4.5 Normalized,
approved in 1967. Last previous edition approved in 2004 as A 579 – 04. 4.4.6 Normalized and tempered, or
2
For referenced ASTM standards, visit the ASTM website, www.astm.org, or 4.4.7 Quenched and tempered.
contact ASTM Customer Service at [email protected]. For Annual Book of ASTM
Standards volume information, refer to the standard’s Document Summary page on
the ASTM website.

*A Summary of Changes section appears at the end of this standard.

Copyright © ASTM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, PO Box C700, West Conshohocken, PA 19428-2959, United States.

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 A 579/A 579M – 04a
4.5 Heat Treatment Performed by Purchaser—When final 6. Mechanical Properties
heat treatment is to be performed by the purchaser after
6.1 The material shall conform to the mechanical properties
machining or fabrication, or both, a capability heat treatment
specified in Table 1, when ordered to 4.4.4 or 4.4.7. For the
duplicating the purchaser’s final heat treatment must be per-
other heat treatments specified in 4.4, the provisions of 4.5
formed by the supplier on representative samples (see 6.3) to
apply.
qualify the forgings. The results of these capability tests shall
conform to the requirements of Table 1 and Table 2. See also 6.2 Tension tests are required for all material ordered to this
Table 3. specification. However, room-temperature Charpy V-notch im-
pact tests are required only for those grades which have
5. Chemical Requirements Chemical Requirements minimum impact strength requirements listed in Table 2.
5.1 Heat Analysis—The heat analysis obtained from sam- 6.3 Tests shall be conducted in accordance with the latest
pling in accordance with Specification A 788 shall comply with issue of Test Methods and Definitions A 370. The largest
Table 4. obtainable tension test specimen as specified in Test Methods
5.2 Product Analysis—The product analysis provisions of and Definitions A 370 shall be used. Impact specimens shall be
Specification A 788 may be used by the purchaser. the standard size, Charpy V-notch, as shown in the figure for

TABLE 1 Minimum Tension Test Requirements

Grade Yield Strength Tensile Strength, ElongationA, Reduction
(0.2 % offset), ksi [MPa] % of AreaA,
ksi [MPa] %
Quench and Tempered
13, 21, 22, 23, 12, 12a 140 [965] 150 [1035] 13 40
13, 21, 22, 23, 11 160 [1100] 175 [1210] 12 36
13, 21, 22, 23, 31 180 [1240]B 190 [1310] 10 32
13, 21, 22, 23 200 [1380]B 210 [1450] 9 28
22C, 23, 32, 33 225 [1550]B 250 [1720] 6 25
Air Hardening
41 200 [1380]B 260 [1790] 9 30
41 225 [1550]B 280 [1930] 8 25
Martensitic Stainless
51, 52, 53 140 [965] 175 [1210] 12 45
52 160 [1100] 220 [1520] 10 40
No. 1 Precipitation Hardening Stainless
61 140 [965] 165 [1140] 12 50
61 160 [1100] 180 [1240] 10 45
61 180 [1240]B 200 [1380] 8 40
No. 2 Precipitation Hardening Stainless
64 140 [965] 165[(1140] 12 25
64 160 [1100] 185 [1275] 10 25
64 180 [1240]B 210 [1450] 10 25
No. 3 Precipitation Hardening Stainless
62 140 [965] 165 [1140] 6 25
62, 63 160 [1100] 180 [1240] 6 25
63 180 [1240]B 200 [1380] 6 25
63 200 [1380]B 225 [1550] 5 25
Maraging Steels
74 160 [1100] 170 [1170] 15 65
75 180 [1240]B 190 [1310] 14 60
71 200 [1380]B 210 [1450] 12 55
72 250 [1720]B 255 [1760] 10 45
73 275 [1895]B 280 [1930] 9 40
Miscellaneous
81 180 [1240]D 190 [1310] 13 45
82 200 [1380]D 210 [1450] 10 30
83D 225 [1550]D 260 [1790] 7 20
83E 250 [1720]D 280 [1930] 4 15
84 180 [1240]D 185 [1275] 14 45
A
See Note in Table 3.
B
Vacuum melting normally required to achieve list properties.
C
By agreement.
D
Bainitic.
E
Martensitic.

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 A 579/A 579M – 04a
TABLE 2 Minimum Room-Temperature Charpy V-Notch Energy AbsorptionA for Respective Yield Strength Classes, ft·lbf [J]
Grade Yield Strength Class, ksi [MPa]
140 160 180B 200B 225B 250B 275B
[965] [1100] [1240] [1380] [1550] [1720] [1900]
11 ... 45 [60] ... ... ... ... ...
12, 12a 50 [70] ... ... ... ... ... ...
C
13 20 [25] 10 [15] ... ... ... ...
21 35 [45] 30 [40] 20 [25] 15 [20] ... ... ...
22 30 [40] 25 [35] 20 [25] 15 [20] ... ... ...
23 35 [45] 25 [35] 20 [25] 15 [20] 10 [15] ... ...
31 ... ... 25 [35] ... ... ... ...
32 ... ... ... ... 12 [17] ... ...
33 ... ... ... ... 15 [20] ... ...
C
41 ... ... ... 15 [20] ... ...
51 15 [20] ... ... ... ... ... ...
C C
52 ... ... ... ... ...
C
53 ... ... ... ... ... ...
C
61 25 [35] ... ... ... ... ...
C C
62 ... ... ... ... ...
C C C
63 ... ... ... ...
64 25 [35] 15 [20] 15 [20] ... ... ... ...
71 ... ... ... 35 [45] ... ... ...
72 ... ... ... ... ... 20 [25] ...
73 ... ... ... ... ... ... 15 [20]
74 ... 60 [80] 50 [70] ... ... ... ...
81 ... ... 25 [35] ... ... ... ...
82 ... ... ... 20 [25] ... ... ...
83 ... ... ... ... 15 [20] 10 [15] ...
84 ... ... 25 [35] ... ... ... ...
A
See Note in Table 3.
B
Vacuum melting may be required to achieve listed properties.
C
By agreement.

the Charpy (Simple-Beam) Impact Test of Test Methods and and tempered forgings for which tests are required at both ends
Definitions A 370. The use of subsize impact specimens by 6.5.2.3 and 6.5.2.4, separately forged test blocks are not
requires prior purchaser approval. allowed.
6.4 The longitudinal axis of the specimens shall be parallel
NOTE 1—In using separately forged test blocks, attention is drawn to
to the direction of major working of the forging. For upset-disc the effect of mass differences between the production forgings and the test
forgings, the longitudinal axis of the test specimen shall be in blocks.
the tangential direction.
6.4.1 The longitudinal axis of the specimen shall be located 6.5 Specific Requirements—The number and location of
midway between the parallel surfaces of the test extension if tests are based on forging length, weight, and heat treatment,
added to the periphery of disks or midway between the center and shall be as prescribed below. The length and weight to be
and surface of solid forgings. For hollow forgings, the longi- used for this purpose shall be the shipped length and weight of
tudinal axis of the specimens shall be located midway between forgings produced individually or the aggregate shipped length
the center and outer surfaces of the wall. When separately and weight of all pieces cut from a multiple forging.
forged test blocks are employed as defined in 6.4.3, the tension 6.5.1 Stress Relieved, Annealed Solution, Treated, Solution
test specimens shall be taken from a location which represents Treated and Aged, Normal or Normalized, and Tempered
the midwall of the heaviest section of the production forgings. Forgings:
When specimens are required from opposite ends, they shall be 6.5.1.1 For forgings weighing 5000 lb [2250 kg] or less at
taken from the diagonal corners of an axial plane. the time of heat treatment, one tension test shall be taken from
6.4.2 Except as specified herein, tests for acceptance shall one forging per heat in each heat-treatment charge. When heat
be made after heat treatment has been completed. treatment is performed in continuous-type furnaces with suit-
6.4.3 When mutually agreed upon between manufacturer able temperature controls and equipped with recording pyrom-
and purchaser, test specimens may be machined from a eters so that complete heat-treatment records are available, a
specially forged block suitably worked and heat treated with tempering charge may be considered as any continuous run not
the production forgings. Such a special block shall be obtained exceeding an 8-h period.
from an ingot, slab, or billet from the same heat used to make 6.5.1.2 For forgings and forged bars weighing over 5000 lb
the forgings it represents. This block shall receive essentially [2250 kg] at the time of heat treatment, one tension test shall be
the same type of hot working and forging reduction as the taken from each forging.
production forgings; however, a longitudinally forged bar with 6.5.2 Quenched and Tempered Forgings:
dimensions not less than T by T by 3T may be used to represent 6.5.2.1 For quenched and tempered forgings weighing 5000
a ring forging. The dimension T shall be representative of the lb [2250 kg] or less at the time of heat treatment, but not
heaviest effective cross section of the forging. For quenched exceeding 12 ft [3.7 m] in length, one tension test shall be

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 A 579/A 579M – 04a
TABLE 3 Material, Maximum Annealed Hardness (HB), and Section Size Capability in Inches [mm] for
Respective Yield Strength Classes
NOTE—Tables 1-3 show grades and maximum section sizes in which the indicated yield strength levels can usually be achieved at a 1/4 thickness depth
in the direction of maximum working. Because of variations in forging configuration and processing it does not follow that the ductility and impact
strengths listed in Table 1 and Table 2 can always be obtained at these depths. The properties listed are minimums, unless otherwise agreed by purchaser
and manufacturer.
Grade Maximum Yield Strength Class, ksi [MPa]
Annealed
Hardness 140 160 180 200 225 250 275
(HB) [965] [1100] [1240] [1380] [1550] [1720] [1900]

11 321 ... 6.5 [165] ... ... ... ... ...

12, 12a ... 4.0 [100] ... ... ... ... ... ...
13 229 1.0 [25] 1.0 [25] 1.0 [25] ... ... ... ...
21 285 4.5 [115] 4.5 [115] 4.0 [100] 4.0 [100] ... ... ...
22 302 4.5 [115] 4.5 [115] 4.0 [100] 4.0 [100] 3.5 [90] ... ...
23 302 8.0 [200] 8.0 [200] 8.0 [200] 8.0 [200] 8.0 [200] ... ...
31 262 ... ... 3.0 [75] ... ... ... ...
32 302 ... ... ... ... 5.5 [140] ... ...
33 302 ... ... ... ... 2.0 [50] ... ...
41 235 ... ... ... 6.0 [150] 6.0 [150] ... ...
51 197 2.0 [50] ... ... ... ... ... ...
52 255 2.0 [50] 2.0 [50] ... ... ... ... ...
53 285 4.0 [100] ... ... ... ... ... ...
61 375 8.0 [200] 8.0 [200] 1.0 [25] ... ... ... ...
62 207 6.0 [150] 6.0 [150] ... ... ... ... ...
63 241 ... 6.0 [150] 6.0 [150] 6.0 [150] ... ... ...
64 321 6.0 [150] 6.0 [150] 6.0 [150] ... ... ... ...
71 321 ... ... ... 12.0 [300] ... ... ...
72 321 ... ... ... ... ... 12.0 [300] ...
73 321 ... ... ... ... ... ... 12.0 [300]
74 321 ... 12.0 [300] ... ... ... ... ...
75 321 ... ... 12.0 [300] ... ... ... ...
81 341 ... ... 6.0 [150] ... ... ... ...
82 341 ... ... ... 5.0 [125] ... ... ...
83 341 ... ... ... ... 3.0 [75] 3.0 [75] ...
84 341 ... ... 6.0 [150] ... ... ... ...

taken from one forging per heat in each heat-treatment charge. 7.2 Magnetic Particle Inspection—All ferromagnetic forg-
When heat treatment is performed in continuous-type furnaces ings produced to this specification shall be subject to magnetic
with suitable temperature controls and equipped with recording particle inspection in accordance with Test Method A 275/
pyrometers so that complete heat treatment records are avail- A 275M by the supplier, unless otherwise specified.
able, a tempering charge may be considered as any continuous 7.2.1 The purchaser may specify Supplementary Require-
run not exceeding an 8-h period. ment S18 from Specification A 788 for acceptance criteria.
6.5.2.2 For quenched and tempered forgings and forged bars 7.3 Liquid Penetrant Inspection—All nonmagnetic forgings
weighing over 5000 lb [2250 kg] to 10 000 lb [4500 kg] at the produced to this specification shall be subject to liquid pen-
time of heat treatment, but not exceeding 12 ft [3.7 m] in etrant inspection in accordance with Test Method E 165, unless
length, one tension test shall be taken from each forging. otherwise specified.
6.5.2.3 For quenched and tempered forgings and forged bars 7.3.1 The purchaser may specify Supplementary Require-
that exceed 12 ft [3.7 m] in length, one tension test shall be ment S19 from Specification A 788 for acceptance criteria.
taken from each end of each forging. 7.4 Ultrasonic Inspection—All forgings produced to this
6.5.2.4 For quenched and tempered forgings and forged bars specification shall be subject to ultrasonic inspection in accor-
weighing more than 10 000 lb [4500 kg] at the time of heat dance with Practice A 388/A 388M, unless otherwise specified.
treatment, two tension tests shall be taken from each forging. 7.4.1 The purchaser may specify Supplementary Require-
These shall be offset 180° from each other except that when the ment S20 from Specification A 788 for acceptance criteria.
length, excluding test prolongations, exceeds three times the
diameter or equivalent thickness, one test shall be taken from 8. Repair Welding
each end of the forging and shall be oriented 180° apart. In the 8.1 Repair welding of forgings is permissible only at option
case of circular forgings, the diameter is the largest diameter of of the purchaser.
the forging, excluding flanges. For other configurations, the
term equivalent thickness is the maximum diagonal or major 9. Product Marking
axis of the cross-section. 9.1 When die stamping is not permitted by the purchaser,
electric pencil marking or electroetching may be used.
7. Nondestructive Test Requirements
7.1 General—The forgings shall be free from cracks, 10. Keywords
seams, laps, shrinkage, and other injurious discontinuities. 10.1 alloy steel forgings; superstrength

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 A 579/A 579M – 04a
TABLE 4 Chemical Requirements
Elements Composition, %
min max min max min max min max min max min max min max
Grade 11 12 12a 13 21 22 23

Carbon 0.23 0.28 ... 0.12 ... 0.20 0.27 0.33 0.31 0.38 0.38 0.43 0.45 0.50
Manganese ... 0.20 0.60 0.90 0.60 0.90 0.40 0.60 0.60 0.90 0.60 0.90 0.60 0.90
Phosphorus ... 0.01 ... 0.010 ... 0.015 ... 0.025 ... 0.025 ... 0.025 ... 0.015
Sulfur ... 0.01 ... 0.010 ... 0.015 ... 0.025 ... 0.025 ... 0.025 ... 0.015
Silicon ... 0.10 0.20 0.35 0.20 0.35 0.20 0.35 0.20 0.35 0.20 0.35 0.15 0.30
Nickel 2.75 3.25 4.75 5.25 4.75 5.25 ... ... 1.65 2.00 1.65 2.00 0.40 0.70
Chromium 1.40 1.65 0.40 0.70 0.40 0.70 0.80 1.10 0.65 0.90 0.70 0.90 0.90 1.20
Molybdenum 0.8 1.0 0.30 0.65 0.30 0.65 0.15 0.25 0.30 0.60 0.30 0.60 0.90 1.10
Vanadium ... ... 0.05 0.10 0.05 0.10 0.05 0.10 0.17 0.23 0.05 0.10 0.08 0.15
Columbium 0.03 0.07 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Grade 31 32 33 41 51 52 53A
Carbon 0.23 0.28 0.40 0.45 0.41 0.46 0.38 0.43 ... 0.15 0.20 0.25 ... 0.20
Manganese 1.20 1.50 0.65 0.90 0.75 1.00 0.20 0.40 ... 1.00 0.50 1.00 ... 1.00
Phosphorus ... 0.025 ... 0.025 ... 0.025 ... 0.015 ... 0.025 ... 0.025 ... 0.025
Sulfur ... 0.025 ... 0.025 ... 0.025 ... 0.015 ... 0.025 ... 0.025 ... 0.025
Silicon 1.30 1.70 1.45 1.80 1.40 1.75 0.80 1.00 ... 1.00 ... 0.50 ... 1.00
Nickel 1.65 2.00 1.65 2.00 ... ... ... ... ... 0.75 0.50 1.00 1.25 2.50
Chromium 0.20 0.40 0.65 0.90 1.90 2.25 4.75 5.25 11.5 13.5 11.0 12.5 15.0 17.0
Molybdenum 0.35 0.45 0.30 0.45 0.45 0.60 1.20 1.40 ... 0.50 0.90 1.25 ... ...
Copper ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.50 ... ... ... ...
Titanium ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.05 ... ...
Vanadium ... ... ... ... 0.03 0.08 0.40 0.60 ... ... 0.20 0.30 ... ...
Cobalt ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.25 ... ...
Aluminum ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.05 ... 0.05 ... ...
Tungsten ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.90 1.25 ... ...
Tin ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.05 ... 0.04 ... ...
Grade 61A,B 62A,B 63A,B 64A,B 71A,B 72A,B 73A,B
Carbon ... 0.07 ... 0.09 ... 0.09 0.10 0.15 ... 0.03 ... 0.03 ... 0.03
Manganese ... 1.00 ... 1.00 ... 1.00 0.50 1.25 ... 0.10 ... 0.10 ... 0.10
Phosphorus ... 0.025 ... 0.025 ... 0.025 ... 0.025 ... 0.01 ... 0.01 ... 0.01
Sulfur ... 0.025 ... 0.025 ... 0.025 ... 0.025 ... 0.01 ... 0.01 ... 0.01
Silicon ... 1.00 ... 1.00 ... 0.50 ... 0.50 ... 0.10 ... 0.10 ... 0.10
Nickel 3.0 5.0 6.5 7.75 6.5 7.75 4.0 5.0 17.0 19.0 17.0 19.0 18.0 19.0
Chromium 15.5 17.5 16.0 18.0 14.0 15.25 15.0 16.0 ... ... ... ... ... ...
Molybdenum ... ... ... ... 2.0 2.75 2.50 3.25 3.0 3.5 4.6 5.2 4.6 5.2
Copper 3.0 5.0 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Titanium ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.15 0.25 0.30 0.50 0.50 0.80
Columbium 0.15 0.45 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Cobalt ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 8.0 9.0 7.0 8.5 8.5 9.5
Aluminum ... ... 0.75 1.50 0.75 1.25 ... ... 0.05 0.15 0.05 0.15 0.05 0.15
Nitrogen ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.07 0.13 ... ... ... ... ... ...
Grade 74A,B 75A,B 81A,B 82A,B 83A,B 84A,B
Carbon ... 0.03 ... 0.03 0.24 0.30 0.28 0.34 0.42 0.47 0.16 0.23
Manganese ... 0.10 ... 0.10 0.10 0.35 0.10 0.35 0.10 0.35 0.20 0.40
Phosphorus ... 0.01 ... 0.01 ... 0.01 ... 0.01 ... 0.01 ... 0.010
Sulfur ... 0.01 ... 0.01 ... 0.01 ... 0.01 ... 0.01 ... 0.005
Silicon ... 0.12 ... 0.12 ... 0.10 ... 0.10 ... 0.10 ... 0.20
Nickel 11.5 12.5 11.5 12.5 7.0 9.0 7.0 8.5 7.0 8.5 8.5 9.5
Chromium 4.75 5.25 4.75 5.25 0.35 0.60 0.90 1.10 0.20 0.35 0.65 0.85
Molybdenum 2.75 3.25 2.75 3.25 0.35 0.60 0.90 1.10 0.20 0.35 0.95 1.10
Titanium 0.05 0.15 0.10 0.25 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... ...
Vanadium ... ... ... ... 0.06 0.12 0.06 0.12 0.06 0.12 0.06 0.15
Cobalt ... ... ... ... 3.5 4.5 4.0 5.0 3.5 4.5 4.25 4.75
Aluminum 0.25 0.40 0.35 0.50 ... ... ... ... ... ... ... 0.020
A
Product analysis of sulfur and phosphorus shall conform to the requirements of Table 4.
B
0.06 calcium, 0.003 boron, and 0.02 zirconium may be added.

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 A 579/A 579M – 04a
SUPPLEMENTARY REQUIREMENTS

One or more of the following supplementary requirements shall apply only when specified by the
purchaser in the inquiry, contract, and order. Details of these supplementary requirements shall be
agreed upon by the manufacturer and the purchaser.

S1. Charpy V-Notch Impact Transition Curve S5. Grain Size

S1.1 Sufficient impact tests shall be made from the forging S5.1 Grain size shall be determined in accordance with Test
test material to establish a transition temperature curve based Methods E 112. The purchaser shall include all necessary
upon one or several of the following criteria: information relating to procedure and required grain size
limits.
S1.1.1 Absorbed energy (ft·lbf [J]),
S5.2 Specimen preparation shall be in accordance with
S1.1.2 Fracture appearance (see Supplement 5 of Test Meth- Methods E 3.
ods A 370), or
S1.1.3 Lateral expansion. S6. Decarburization
S1.2 The purchaser shall furnish the manufacturer with S6.1 When decarburization testing is specified, the pur-
details of sample location, number of specimens, heat treat- chaser shall include the following information:
ments, and information to be derived from the test. S6.1.1 Number of samples,
S6.1.2 Sample location,
S2. Alternative Sampling, Specimen Orientation, and S6.1.3 Decarburization depth limits, if any, and
Mechanical Property Requirements or Section Sizes, S6.1.4 Any special metallographic preparation, etching, or
or Both rating procedures.
S6.2. Specimens for decarburization ratings shall be pre-
S2.1 Alternative methods of sampling or specimen orienta- pared in accordance with Methods E 3.
tion and location, and alternative mechanical properties or S6.3 This test is usually only applicable to grades which are
section sizes, or both, not covered by this specification may be prone to decarburization by surface oxidation occurring either
established by agreement between manufacturer and purchaser. in forging to close tolerances over finish sizes or in heat
treating the finish machined parts.
S3. Macroetch Tests
S7. Fracture Toughness
S3.1 Macroetchings shall be made from the ends of each S7.1 The procedure for establishing fracture toughness in-
billet representing the top and bottom of each ingot unless cluding type and size of specimens, testing procedure, and
otherwise specified. If forgings are produced directly from limiting values shall be established by agreement between
ingot form, or if billet macroetchings are impractical, etchings manufacturer and purchaser.
from the top and bottom of each ingot or full section slices
from those forgings representing the top and bottom of each S8. Cryogenic and Elevated Temperature Properties
ingot are acceptable by agreement between manufacturer and S8.1 When mechanical property testing at other than ambi-
purchaser. ent temperature is specified, the details of the testing proce-
S3.2 The purchaser shall specify whether photomacro- dure, including type and size of specimens, testing tempera-
graphs are required. tures, and limiting values, shall be established by agreement
between manufacturer and purchaser.
S4. Microcleanliness S8.2 Short Time Elevated Temperature Tension Tests shall
be in accordance with Test Methods E 21.
S4.1 Microcleanliness testing shall be performed in accor-
dance with Test Methods E 45. The purchaser shall furnish all S9. Hardenability
necessary information relating to method of sampling and S9.1 Hardenability testing shall be in accordance with Test
rating, along with acceptance criteria. Methods A 255, unless otherwise specified.

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 A 579/A 579M – 04a
SUMMARY OF CHANGES

Committee A01 has identified the location of the following changes to this standard since A 579–04 that may
impact the use of this standard.

(1) New 1.6 was added. (4) The marking requirements in 9.1 were abridged.
(2) The reference to product analysis was restored in 5.2 (5) The SI units for tensile strength for Grades 64, 84, and yield
(3) Supplementary requirements S18, S19, and S20 are refer- strength for Grade 73 have been corrected.
enced in Section 7.

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7
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