EXPERIMENT-6
AIM:
Analysis of unknown anion and cation present in a given sample
SAMPLE NO-
COLOUR : Colourless
TEXTURE : Hygroscopic
SOLUBILITY IN WATER: - Soluble in water
Test for anions
Dry Test :
EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
1 Sample + dil HCl (i) Brisk effervescence of 2−
𝐶𝑂3 ion is not
colourless, odourless gas is
present.
not observed.
(ii) No gas with rotten egg
smell has evolved. S2- ion is not present.
2. Sample + equal
amount of oxalic acid No smell of vinegar evolved -
CH3COO ion is not
rubbed with 2-3 drops of
present.
water
3. Sample + Conc. H₂SO4 (i) No reddish brown gas has
evolved. Br - ion is not present.
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(ii) No violet vapours are
evolved I - ion is not present.
4. Sample + Conc. No dense white fumes are
H₂SO4+ heat formed when a glass rod Cl - ion is not present.
dipped in NH4OH is brought
near it.
5. Sample + Conc. No reddish brown vapours
−
H₂SO4+ heat+ Cu evolved and the solution 𝑁𝑂3 ion is not present.
turnings does not turn blue.
Wet Test :
EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
Sample solution +BaCl2 White precipitate is
2−
solution formed which does not 𝑆𝑂4 ion is confirmed.
dissolve in excess HCl
Equations to be written on the white page.
Na₂SO4 + BaCl₂ → 2NaCl + BaSO4↓
(white ppt)
BaSO4 + HCl → No reaction
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Systematic analysis of cation
Group Test :
Sample solution + dil HCl
No white To the above solution pass H2S
precipitate
formed.
No Fresh sample solution + NH4Cl + NH4OH
Group I black
radical ppt.
formed Gelatinous To the above solution pass H2S
absent. white ppt.
. Dirty Fresh sample solution + NH4Cl +
2+ Group not
𝑃𝑏 formed. white (NH4)2CO3
II ppt.
absent radical formed. No white Fresh sample solution
absent. Group III ppt. (Conc.) +
radical formed. NaH2PO4 + NH4OH
2+ absent. Group
𝐶𝑢 IV
absent 3+ radical Group V
𝐴𝑙 radical No Sample
present. cloudy solution (
absent absent.
2+
white ppt. Very
𝑍𝑛 formed. dilute) +
present 2+ Nessler’s
𝐵𝑎 , Group reagent
2+
𝑆𝑟 , VI
2+ radical Brown
𝐶𝑎 ppt. not
absent absent.
observed
2+ .
𝑀𝑔 Group
absent VI
radical
absent.
+
𝑁𝐻4
absent.
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Equations to be written on the white page.
Zn(OH)2 + H2S → Zn2[Fe(CN)6] + 4KCl
Confirmatory Test :
EXPERIMENT OBSERVATION INFERENCE
Sample solution Light yellowish ppt.
2+
+K4[Fe(CN)6] formed The presence of 𝑍𝑛 is
solution confirmed.
Equations to be written on the white page.
ZnCl2 + K4[Fe(CN)6] → Zn2[Fe(CN)6] + 4KCl
Conclusion :
2+
Cation : 𝑍𝑛
2−
Anion : 𝑆𝑂4
Salt : 𝑍𝑛𝑆𝑂4
BGKV_KOL 4
