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Soal 1. Sebuah perusahaan minuman dalam kaleng membeli bahan...

School name
Sepuluh Nopember Institute of Technology

Course
MATH , ECO-101

Department
MATH , ECO

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Asked by ChancellorIron5575

Soal 1.
Sebuah perusahaan minuman dalam kaleng membeli bahan baku berupa buah
segar yang dibeli dari supplier. Buah tersebut dikirim dengan menggunakan truk
yang berisi 5.000 buah. Prosedur penerimaan kiriman dilakukan dengan menguji
sebuah sampel (single sampling) yang terdiri atas 75 buah. Bila diantara 75 buah
tersebut mngandung 3 atau lebih yang tidak memenuhi persyaratan mutu maka
kiriman akan ditolak.
1. Tentukan karakteristik kualitas dari buah tersebut yang perlu untuk diperiksa oleh
perusahaan agar produk minuman dalam kalengnya dapat memenuhi keinginan
pelanggan.
2. Bila suatu saat supplier mengirimkan buah yang mengandung 5 % cacat, berapa
probabilitas kiriman itu akan diterima?
3. Bila AQL = 1 % dan LTPD = 6 %, hitung risiko produsen dan risiko konsumennya.
4. Gambarkan kurva karakteristik operasi dari single sampling tersebut.

5. Bila mekanisme penerimaan kiriman disertai dengan pembetulan (rectifying), dimana

penerimaan kiriman juga dapat dilakukan pada kiriman yang ditolak namun harus
disortir terlebih dahulu dan kemudian supplier mengganti seluruh buah yang jelek
dengan yang baik, maka berapa tingkat kualitas buah yang akan diterima perusahaan
bila mutu buah yang dikirimkan supplier adalah 5 % cacat ?
6. Untuk menghemat biaya pemeriksaan, perusahaan berniat untuk mengganti
mekanisme single sampling dengan double sampling. Bantulah perusahaan itu dengan
menemukan sampel size dan batas penerimaannya baik untuk sampel pertama
maupun sampel kedua. Hitung penghematan biaya pemeriksaan yang didapat oleh
perusahaan bila tarif pemeriksaan adalah Rp 250

Soal 2.
Data dibawah ini didapat dari proses manufaktur power supplies, variabel yang
diukur adalah output voltage, dengan sample size n=5.
1. Hitung Batas Kendali untuk R dan

chart-nya.

2. Plot semua data tersebut dan periksa apakah sistem produksi dalam keadaan stabil.

3. Hitung berapa natural tolerance limit untuk 3-sigma.

4. Bila spesifikasi voltage dari power supply adalah 102,5 ± 2,5 berapa prosen produk
yang out of specification?

5. Buat evaluasi terhadap sistem produksi tersebut.

 Image transcription text
Sample x bar Sample R x bar number number 103 11 105 102 12 103 N UI 104 13 102 105 11 14
105
104 15 104 106 16 105 NANGWUAWN 102 17 106 105 18 102 106 19 105 10 104 20 103

ENGINEERING & TECHNOLOGY INDUSTRIAL ENGINEERING

OPERATIONS MANAGEMENT MATH , ECO 101

Comments (9)

Answer & Explanation

Solved by verified expert
Rated Helpful

Answered by jeocon

1.
a. Quality factors for fruits include the following— maturity, firmness, the uniformity
of size and shape, the absence of defects, skin and flesh color.
b. 26.97%

c.

Actual producer's risk 3.97%

Actual consumer's risk 16.50%

d. Refer to the chart below

e. Yes. The company should carry out 100% inspection for this lot instead of rejecting
the lot. The defective fruits found in the lot are replaced by non-defective fruits and
the lot is accepted.

2.
a.

Upper Control Limit Center Lower Control Limit

R chart 8.35 3.95 0.00

b. The production system is not in a stable state as shown in the x-chart and r-chart
below.

c.

Natural Tolerance UCL Natural Tolerance LCL

Xbar chart 105.92 102.18

d. 24.97%

e. Since the production is not in a stable state yet, they have to make improvements on
their manufacturing process to make it stable.

Step-by-step explanation

1.
a. Reference: https://fruitandvegetable.ucdavis.edu/files/217117.pdf

b.
Image transcription text
n Px = I n-c p P = binomial probability number of times for a specific outcome within n
trials n
= number of combinations P = probability of success on a single trial b = probability of
failure
on a single trial n = number of trials

Percentage of defects on a single sampling (p) 0.05

Percentage of non-defects on a single sampling (q) 0.95

Sample size (n) 75

Acceptance number (x) 2

Binomial probability:
0.1641
P(X = x)

Cumulative probability:
0.1056
P(X < x)

Cumulative probability:
0.2697
P(X < x) = P(X = x) + P(X < x)
c. Calculation of probability of rejecting a lot of AQL quality (actual producer's
risk)

AQL 0.01

Sample size (n) 75

Acceptance number (x) 2

Binomial probability:
0.1332
P(X = x)

Cumulative probability:
0.8271
P(X < x)

Cumulative probability:
0.9603
P(X < x) = P(X = x) + P(X < x)

Actual producer's risk = 1 - P(X < x) 0.0397

Calculation of probability of accepting a lot of LTPD quality (actual consumer's

risk)

LTPD 0.06

Sample size (n) 75

Acceptance number (x) 2

Binomial probability:
0.1091
P(X = x)

Cumulative probability:
0.0559
P(X < x)

Cumulative probability:
0.1650
P(X < x) = P(X = x) + P(X < x)

Actual consumer's risk = P(X < x) 0.1650

d.
e. For implementing the rectifying sampling plan, the buyer draws 75 fruits from
each lot, inspects each and every fruit of the sample and classifies it as defective
or non-defective on the basis of certain criteria. At the end of the inspection,
he/she counts the number of defective fruits found in the sample and compares
the number of defective fruits with the acceptance criteria. If the number of
defective fruits in the sample is less than or equal to the acceptance number,
he/she accepts the lot by replacing all defective fruits in the sample by non-
defective fruits. If the number of defective fruits is greater than the acceptance
number, he/she carries out 100% inspection for this lot instead of rejecting the lot.
The defective fruits found in the lot are replaced by non-defective fruits and the
lot is accepted.

2.
a.
 Image transcription text
Calculations Valjable Excel Name Value X X_2bar 104.0500 0'} Sigma_X_bar 0.623? I:
R_bar 3.9500 s Sigma 1.3945 Number of standard deviations for Control 3 Limits in X—
bar
chart n sample size 5 Constant D3 0 Constant D4 2.115 Xbar LCL 102.1790 Xbar...
Show more

b.

Since there are data points outside the control limits, the production system is
deemed to be not in a stable state.
 c. Formula used:
Natural Tolerance UCL = X_2bar + (3 * sigma_X_bar)
Natural Tolerance LCL = X_2bar - (3 * sigma_X_bar)

d.

Image transcription text

Below LSL X 100.0000 LSL Mean 104.0500 X_2 Bar Standard Deviation 1.3945 Sigma %
of
Defects below LSL 0. 18% Above USL X 105.0000 USL Mean 104.0500 X_2 Bar
Standard
Deviation 1.3945 Sigma % of Defects above USL 24.79%

% of Defects outside the control limits = % of defect below LSL + % of defect

below USL = 24.97%

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