MET 330 – FLUID MECHANICS TEST 2 LOUIS-KHANH LE

QUESTION 2, PART 1

Purpose
Determine the corresponding pressure drop in a horizontally-laid 2-inch standard steel tube
that is 1500-feet long and has water passing through it at 65 gallons per minute.

Drawings and Diagrams

Please see scanned paper for drawings and diagrams.

Sources
Mott, R., Untener, J., “Applied Fluid Mechanics,” 7th edition Pearson Education, Inc., (2015)

Design Considerations

• Incompressible fluid
• Steady state
• Isothermal problem, T = 40℉, roughly 4℃ where water is the most dense
• Friction factor only depends on tube roughness

Data and Variables

L (length) = 1500 feet
D (inner diameter of 2-inch tube) = 0.1558 feet (Appendix G, standard steel tubing)
g (acceleration due to gravity) = 32.2 feet per second
Q (flow rate) = 65 gallons per minute = 0.144831 cubic feet per second
MET 330 – FLUID MECHANICS TEST 2 LOUIS-KHANH LE

Procedure
A diagram is drawn and two points, A and B, as well as a reference are selected for the system.
Bernoulli’s equation is applied first to find out how to solve for the pressure drop. Velocity is
then found using the equation Q = VA with the flowrate being a given variable. With the
velocity being found, a Reynolds Number can be calculated as well as a relative roughness.
Using both Reynolds Number and relative roughness, the Moody Chart is used to find the
correct friction factor for the system. That friction factor completes the set of unknown
parameters, and everything is plugged back into Bernoulli’s equation to find the change in
pressure of the system.

Calculations
Please see scanned paper for calculations.

Summary
It was calculated that the tube had a pressure drop from point A (tube entrance) to point B
(tube exit) of 12920 lbf/ft^2 or 89.7222 psig.

Materials
2-inch standard steel tubing
Water at approximately 40℉

Analysis
Appendix G was used for the values of inner diameter and flow area for the tube. This is
because in the problem statement, it is stated that a “standard steel tube” is used and not
“schedule X pipe”. Different values for inner diameter will of course give different values for
flow rate and pressure drop as a result.
The temperature is assumed to be 40℉ or roughly 4℃. This is because that is the temperature
at which water is the most dense. It is also important to recognize that the velocity at point A
and point B would be the same because flow rate remains constant. For the given constant
flowrate, since cross-sectional area stays the same, velocity MUST stay the same. These
principles follow the laws of conservation of energy and conservation of mass; Qin = Qout and
furthermore VinAin = VoutAout.
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MET 330 – FLUID MECHANICS TEST 2 LOUIS-KHANH LE

QUESTION 2, PART 2

Purpose
Using the corresponding pressure drop in Part 1, modify the system by adding a loop of 1.5-inch
standard steel tubing that is 900-feet long. Determine the expected increase in flow rate for the
system, considering all major and minor losses.

Drawings and Diagrams

Please see scanned paper for drawings and diagrams.

Sources
Mott, R., Untener, J., “Applied Fluid Mechanics,” 7th edition Pearson Education, Inc., (2015)

Design Considerations

• Incompressible fluid
• Steady state
• Isothermal problem, T=4℃, where water is the most dense
• Friction factor only depends on tube roughness
• All reductions and enlargements are gradual with 30-degree angles (as seen in practice
problems)
MET 330 – FLUID MECHANICS TEST 2 LOUIS-KHANH LE

Data and Variables

L2 (Length of Upper) 1500 ft

D3 (Length of Lower) 900 ft
D2 (Diameter of Branch 2) 0.1558 ft
D3 (Diameter of Branch 3) 0.1142 ft
A2 (Flow Area of Branch 2) 1.91E-02 ft^2
A3 (Flow Area of Branch 3) 1.02E-02 ft^2
e (Roughness of Steel Tube) 1.50E-04 ft
D2/e (Relative Roughness of Branch 2) 1038.67
D3/e (Relative Roughness of Branch 3) 761.33
v (Kinematic Viscosity) 1.67E-05 ft^2/s
y (Gamma of Water) 62.43 lb/ft^2
D2/D3 (Tube Diameter Ratio) 1.36
ΔP (Change in Pressure) 12920 lbf/ft^2
FTtube2 (Friction Factor of Branch 2) 0.019
FTtee (Friction Factor of Tees) 0.022
FTelbow (Friction Factor of Elbows) 0.022
Kreduction (Resistance Co of Reduction) 0.045
Kenlargement (Resistance Co of Enlarg.) 0.36

Procedure
A diagram is drawn and two points, A and B, as well as a reference are selected for the system.
Each tube was also labeled with a corresponding number. Bernoulli’s equation was then applied
to find out the relationship between the change in pressure and energy losses for the system.
The energy losses equations derived from Bernoulli were then applied to each branch, Branch 2
and Branch 3. An estimated guess, in this case, 0.01, was made for the friction factor of the
tube. A flow rate was found, and therefore, a velocity could then be found. This velocity was
used to calculate an estimated Reynolds Number. An iteration table was made in Excel and then
tested 10 times until a percent difference between the guessed friction factor value and the
actual friction factor value was less than 0.001%. Once satisfied, the total flow rate was found
by adding the flow rate of Branch 2 with the flow rate at Branch 3.

Calculations
Please see scanned paper for calculations.
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 Parameter Input Data Notes For Q2
L2 (Length of Upper) 1500 ft given Iteration f2 Q2 V2 RE2 NEW f2 %diff
L3 (Length of Lower) 900 ft given 1 0.01 0.223395 11.71786 1.09E+05 0.02203 -120.284%
D2 (Diameter of Branch 2) 0.1558 ft converted from in to ft, value from Appendix G.1 2 0.015 0.18264 9.580109 8.94E+04 0.02246 -49.736%
D3 (Diameter of Branch 3) 0.1142 ft converted from in to ft, value from Appendix G.1 3 0.02 0.158274 8.302052 7.75E+04 0.02280 -14.023%
A2 (Flow Area of Branch 2) 1.91E-02 ft^2 converted from in to ft, value from Appendix G.1 4 0.025 0.14162 7.428502 6.93E+04 0.02309 7.622%
A3 (Flow Area of Branch 3) 1.02E-02 ft^2 converted from in to ft, value from Appendix G.1 5 0.024 0.144531 7.581186 7.07E+04 0.02304 4.000%
e (Roughness of Steel Pipe) 1.50E-04 ft from table 8.2 for pipe roughness on page 185 6 0.023 0.147629 7.743689 7.22E+04 0.02298 0.070%
D2/e (Relative Roughness of Branch 2) 1038.67 the relative roughness of the pipe at branch 2 7 0.022995 0.147645 7.744528 7.23E+04 0.02298 0.050%
D3/e (Relative Roughness of Branch 3) 761.33 the relative roughness of the pipe at branch 3 8 0.022975 0.147709 7.747887 7.23E+04 0.02298 -0.032%
v (Kinematic Viscosity) 1.67E-05 ft^2/s the kinematic viscosity of water at 40 degrees Fahrenheit 9 0.02298 0.147693 7.747047 7.23E+04 0.02298 -0.012%
y (Gamma of Water) 62.43 lb/ft^2 the specific weight of water at 40 degrees Fahrenheit 10 0.022984 0.147681 7.746375 7.23E+04 0.02298 0.005%
D2/D3 (Pipe Diameter Ratio) 1.36 for gradual reduction/enlargement resistance coefficients
ΔP (Change in Pressure) 12920 lbf/ft^2 found from Part 1 of Question 2 For Q3
FTpipe2 (Friction Factor of Branch 2) 0.019 found using Moody Chart Iteration f3 Q3 V3 RE3 NEW f3 %diff
FTtee (Friction Factor of Tees) 0.022 found using Moody Chart 1 0.01 0.129596 12.65232 8.65E+04 0.02254 -125.357%
FTelbow (Friction Factor of Elbows) 0.022 found using Moody Chart 2 0.015 0.106753 10.42214 7.13E+04 0.02302 -53.464%
Kreduction (Resistance Co of Reduction) 0.045 found using Figure 10.11 on page 236 for angle of 30 degrees 3 0.02 0.092865 9.066285 6.20E+04 0.02341 -17.032%
Kenlargement (Resistance Co of Enlarg.) 0.36 found using Figure 10.6 on page 232 for angle of 30 degrees 4 0.025 0.083286 8.131073 5.56E+04 0.02373 5.069%
5 0.024 0.084965 8.294997 5.67E+04 0.02367 1.370%
6 0.023 0.08675 8.469252 5.79E+04 0.02361 -2.643%
7 0.0235 0.085843 8.380766 5.73E+04 0.02364 -0.595%
8 0.0236 0.085665 8.363399 5.72E+04 0.02365 -0.195%
9 0.0237 0.085489 8.34614 5.71E+04 0.02365 0.201%
10 0.02365 0.085577 8.354756 5.71E+04 0.02365 0.003%
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MET 330 – FLUID MECHANICS TEST 2 LOUIS-KHANH LE

Summary
The flow rate at the upper branch, Branch 2, was found to be 66.283 gpm. The flow rate at the
lower branch, Branch 3, was found to be 38.409 gpm. Adding these two values together gave us
a total flow rate of 104.593 gpm, which is a total increase of 39.693 gpm from Part 1.

Materials
2-inch standard steel tubing
1.5-inch standard steel tubing
Water at approximately 40℉

Analysis
There were many estimations and assumptions that had to be made for this problem. The
worst-case scenario was assumed by choosing water at its most dense state, at 4 degrees
Celsius or roughly 40 degrees Fahrenheit.
In addition, all junctions were considered in this problem instead of being ignored. All
reductions and enlargements were assumed to be gradual with 30-degree angles of change.
This was done to keep consistent with the assumptions done in the practice problems done on
Blackboard. Although this did make the problem slightly longer and difficult, it will give us a
closer approximation of the energy losses due to junctions, especially those with reductions
and expansions.
The first thing to recognize was that the velocities in Bernoulli’s equation cancel because the
flow rate must stay the same due to conservation of energy and mass. However, it must also be
recognized that the flowrates of each branch will be different but must equal the total flow
rate.
Lastly, it must be said that this problem is a complete estimation. The iteration process, as well
as the estimated values for friction factor using the Moody Chart, are all not exact, but they are
very close. However, these estimations give us as engineers a great idea and understanding of
the limits of the system, allowing us to upsize the pump we choose without going overboard on
other parameters, such as power and budget.
Included are the following appendices used to complete this exam found in the text “Applied
Fluid Mechanics,” 7th edition:

Item 1 – Table 8.2, Pipe Roughness (page 185)

Item 2 – Figure 8.7, Moody’s Diagram (page 186)
Item 3 – Figure 10.6, Resistance Coefficient for Gradual Enlargement (page 232)
Item 4 – Figure 10.11, Resistance Coefficient for Gradual Contraction (page 236)
Item 5 – Figure 10.24, Standard Tees (page 241)
Item 6 – Table A.2, U.S. Customary Units for Properties of Water (page 489)
Item 7 – Table G.1, Dimensions of Steel Tubing (page 502)
 a
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Reynolds Number, Laminar Flow, Turbulent Flow, and Losses 185

CHI\PTER EIGHT

FIGURE 8.6 Pipe wali roughness

(exaggerated).

,::e wall roughness e (Greek letter epsilon). Figure 8.6 illus- for coated ductile iron as listed in the table. However, a l-ide
.::ies pipe wall roughness (exaggerated) as the height of the range of values exist, and data should be obtained frorn the
:.aks ofthe surface irregularities. The condition ofthe pipe manufacturer. Riveted steel is used in some new large pipe-
-:rthce is very much dependent on the pipe material and the lines and in some existing installations.
of manufacture. Because the roughness is somewhat
-:thod averaging techniques are used to measure the over- ffi.ffi.$ ?'ltm ffim**y ffi**grmr*
:::gular,
,' roughness value. One of the most widely used methods for evaluating the fric-
For commercially available pipe and tubing, the design tion factor employs the Moody diagram shown in Fig. 8.7. The
,iue of the average wall roughness e has been determined as diagram shows the friction factor/plotted versus the Relnolds
,:orvn in Table 8.2. These are only average values for new, number Np, with a series of parametric curves related to the
:.;,trt pipe. Some variation should be expected. After a pipe has relative roughness D/e. These curves were generated from
:.au in service for a time, the roughness could change due to experimental data by L. F. Moody (see Reference 2).
't Both/and "l[p are plotted on logarithmic scales because
.formation of deposits on the wall or due to corrosion.
Glass tubing has an inside surface that is virtually of the broad range of values encountered. At the 1eft end of
-.
draulically smooth, indicating a very smal1 value of rough- the chart, for Relnolds numbers less than 2000, the straight
-:ss. Therefore, the relative
roughness, D/e, approaches line shows the relationship f : 6a lNp for laminar flow. For
,rrrnity. Plastic pipe and tubing are nearly as smooth as glass, 2000 < ly'R < 4000, no curves are drawn because this is the
.:d we use the listed roughness value in this book. Variations critical zone between laminar and turbulent flow and it is
,:ou1d be expected. Copper, brass, and some steel tubing are not possible to predict the type of flow. The change from
:rawn to its final shape and size over an internal mandrel, laminar to turbulent flow results in values for friction factors
,.r'ing a fairly smooth surface. For standard steel pipe (such within the shaded band. Beyond l{n : 4000, the family of
.-. Schedule 40 and Schedule 80) and welded steel tubing, we curves for different values of D le ts plotted. Several impor-
value listed for commercial steel or welded tant observations can be made from these curves:
-.e the roughness
.:eel. Galvanized iron has a metallurgically bonded zinc coat-
l. For a given Reynolds number of flow, as the relative
:g for corrosion resistance. Ductile iron pipe is typically roughness D/e is increased, the friction factor/decreases.
,-rated on the inside with a cement mortar for corrosion pro-
2. For a given relative roughness D f e, the friction factor/
-=ction and to improve surface roughness. In this book, we
decreases with increasing Reynolds number until the
*-re the roughness values for coated ductile iron unless stated
zone of complete turbulence is reached.
;herwise. Ductile iron pipe from some rnanufacturers has a
,roother inside surface, approaching that of steel. Well-made 3. Within the zone of complete turbulence, the Rel'nolds
-:,ncrete pipe can have roughness values similar to the values number has no effect on the friction factor.

Material Roughness e (m) Roughness e (ft)

Glass Smooth Smooth

Plastic 3.0x10 7 l.Qx 10-6

Drawn tubing; copper, brass, steel 1.5 x 10-6 5.0 x 10-6

Steel,. commereial or welded 4.6 x 10-5 1.5 x 10-4

Galvanized irOn 1.5x104 5.0 x 10-4

Duatile iron-coated 1.2 x 10-4 4.0x104
Duitile iron-uncoated 2.4x1A4 8.0 x 10-4

Concrete, well made \.2 x 70-4 4.0 x 1O-4

Riveted steel 1.8 x 10r-3 6.0 x 10-3

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232 CHAPTtrR TEN Minor Losses

FIcURE 10.6 Resistance 0.8

coetfi cient-gradual enlargement.

6U"

,1U'

*-r

0.5

k I
o

3
o
o.,t

*o
?.{ atft1e,rn!ile
0.3

0.2

,t
It

l/

."rl
3.0 4.0

Diameter ratro DrlD,

DzlDr 2" 6" 10" 15" 20' 25" 30' 35" 40" 45' 50' 60'
0.01 0.01 0.03 0.05 0.10 0.13 0.16 0.18 019 0.20 o.2l 0.23

002 0.02 0.04 0.09 0.16 o.2t 0.25 0.29 031 033 0.35 0.37

1.+ an, 003 0.06 o12 o.23 0.30 0.36 o.47 o.44 0.47 0.50 0.53

1.6 .33 0.04 o07 0.14 0.26 0.35 0,42 0.47 0.51 0.54 o.57 0.61

1.8 0.03 004 0.07 015 o.2B 0.37 044 0.50 0.54 0.58 0.61 0.65

2.0 003 004 0.07 0.16 o.29 0.38 o.46 0.52 0.56 0.60 0.63 0.68

25 0.03 0.04 0.08 0,16 0,30 0.39 0.48 0.54 0.58 0.62 0.65 0.70
2n 003 0.04 0.08 016 031 0.40 0.48 0.55 0.59 0.63 0.66 0.71

003 0.05 0.08 0.16 0.31 0.40 0.49 0.56 0.60 064 o 67 07?
Source:Brater, Lrnest F, Horace W. Krng,.lames L. Lindell, and C. Y. Wei. 1996. Handbook of Hydraulics, Tth ed. New York: lVIcGraw Hill. Table 6 6.
236 CHAPTER TEN Minor Losses

FIGURE 10.10 Gradual contraction.

1 O.7 GRADUAL CONTR.ACTION As the cone angle of the contraction decreases below
15o, the resistance coefficient actually increases, as shown in
The energy loss in a contraction can be decreased substan- Fig. 10.12. The reason is that the data include the effects of
tially by making the contraction more gradual. Figure 10.10 both the local turbulence caused by flow separation and
shows such a gradual contraction, formed by a conical sec- pipe friction. For the smaller cone angles, the transition
tion between the two diameters with sharp breaks at the between the two diameters is very 1ong, which increases the
junctions. The angle 0 is called the cone angle.
friction losses.
Figure 10.11 shows the data (from Reference 8) for the Rounding the end of the conical transition to blend it
resistance coefificient versus the diameter ratio for several val-
with the smaller pipe can decrease the resistance coefficient
ues of the cone angle. The energy loss is computed from Eq.
to below the values shown in Fig. 10.11. For example, in Fig.
( 10-6), where the resistance coefficient is based on the velocity
10.13, which shows a contraction with a 120" included angle
head in the smaller pipe after the contraction. These data arc
and D1f D2: 2.0, the value of K decreases from approxi-
for Reynolds numbers greater than 1.0 x l0s. Note that for mately 0.27 to 0.10 with a radius of only 0.05(D2), where D2
angles over the wide range of 15o to 40", K : 0.05 or less, a
is the inside diameter of the smaller pipe.
verylowvalue. For angles as high as 60", Kis less than 0.08.

FIGURE 10.11 Resistance 0.4

coeffi cient-gradual contraction
with 0 > 15'. 0 = 150o

t20'
N<

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o 105'
t:
q
o
8
o
o.z
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o
700

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l/
I t4
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I Itt'. 150-400
t,
ft

1.0 2.0
Diameter ratto DrlD,
 CHAPTER TEN Minor Losses

x: 30fr K: 20f, x: t6fr

(a) 90'elbow (b) 90'long radius elbow (c) 45'elbow

K: 5Of, K - 26f, K: 50f,

(d) 90'street elbow (e) 45" street elbow (f) Returnbend

FIGURE 10.23 Pipe elbows. (Reprinted with permission from

"Flow of Fluids Through Valves, Fittings and Pipe, Technical
Paper 410" 2009 Crane Co. AII Rights Reserved)

FIGURE 10.24 Standard tees. (Reprinted

with permission from "Flow of Fluids
Through Valves, Fittings and Pipe, Technical
Paper 410" 2009 Crane Co. All Rights
Reserved)
K - zofr
(a) Flow through run K: 60fr
(b) Flowthroughbranch

It is important to determine the resistance data for the complete turbulence. Note in Fig. 8.7, the Moody diagram,
particular type and size chosen because the resistance is that the zone of complete turbulence lies in the far right area
dependent on the geometry of the valve or fitting. AIso, dif- where the friction factor is independent of Reynolds num-
ferent manufacturers may report data in different forms. ber. The dashed line running generally diagonally across the
Data reported here are taken from Reference 2, which diagram divides the zone of complete turbulence from the
includes a much more extensive list. See also Internet transition zone to the left.
resource 1. References 2,6,10, L2, and 13 provide extensive Values for fTvarywith the size of the pipe and the valve,
discussion and information about valves. causing the value of the resistance coefficient K to also vary.
Energy loss incurred as fluid flows through a valve or Table 10.5 lists the values of ft for standard sizes of new,
fitting is computed from Eq. (10-1) as used for the minor clean, commercial steel pipe.
losses already discussed. However, the method of determin- Some system designers prefer to compute the equiva-
ing the resistance coefficient K is different. The value of K is lent length of pipe for a valve and combine that value with
reported in the form the actual length of pipe. Equation (10-8) can be solved
for Ln:
K: (LelD)fr (10-8)
The value of Lrf D, called the equivalent length ratio, is
L": KDf f7 (10-e)

reported in Table 10.4, and it is (considered to be constant for a We can also compute Le: @elD)D. Note, however,
given type of valve or fitting. Thp value of I, is called the equiv- that this would be valid only if the flow in the pipe is in the
alent length and is the length of a straight pipe of the same zone of complete turbulence.
nominal diameter as thq valve that would have the same resis- If the pipe is anything different from a new, clean,
tance as the valve. Theterm D is the actual inside {-iameter of Schedule 40 commercial steel pipe, it is necessary to com-
the pipe. pute the relative roughness Df e, and then use the Moody
The term ft is the friction factor in the pipe to which diagram to determine the friction factor in the zone of com-
tlre valve or fitting is connected, takdn to be in the zone of plete turbulence,fi.
 e
---
- : -u
\r *\
.^\t\"

APPENDIX A Properties of Water 489

Specific Dynamic Kinematic

Weight Density Viscosity Viscosiiy
Temperature v p 11 v
('F) 0b/ft3) (slugs/ft3) (lb-s/ft2) (ft2ls)

32 62.4 194 3.66 x 10 5 1.89 x 1O-5

.1O-?
40 62.4 1.94 3.23 x 10 c
1.67 x
5t) 62.4 794 2.12 x 7a--5 1.40 x 10-5.,.,
60 62.4 1.94 2.35 x 10 5 1.21 x 10-5
70 62.3 t.94 2.04 x 1O-5 i.05 x i0 5
80 OZ,Z 1.93 7.71 x 10 5 ' O ]q \ 1n 6

90 62.1 1.93 1.60 x 10 5 8.29 x 10-6

100 62.0 1.93 1.42 x 1O-5 7.37 x l0 o
,l.26
110 61.9 7.92 x 10-5 6.55 x i0 6
120 617 792 1.14 x 1O-5 5.94 x 10 6
130 61.5 1.91 1.05 x 10 5 5.49 x 10-6
140 67.4 tql 9 60 x 10-6 503 x 10 o
150 61..2 1.90 8.90 x 10 6 4.68 x 10-6
160 61.0 190 8.30 x 10 6 4.38x10b"
170 608 1.89 7.70 x 70 6 A n-7 v l^l'b

180 60.6 1.89 7.23 x la 5 3.84 x i0 5

190 6A.4 1,BB 6.80 x 10 6 3.62 x 10-6
200 60.i 1.87 6.25 x 10-6 3.35 x 10 6
272 59.8 1.86 5.89 x 10-b 317 x 1o b
 APP='
G

Outside
Diameter Wall Thickness lnside Diameter Flow Area

(in) (mm) (in) (f0 fft2)

3.18 0 032 0 813 0.061 0.00508 1.549 2029 x 70 5

0.035 O.BB9 0 055 0.00458 1,397 1.650 x 1O-b
4.76 o o32 0.8i3 a.124 0.01029 3.137 8.319 x 10 5

0.035 O BB9 0.L77 0.00979 2.985 7.530 x 10 5

6.35 0.035 O.BB9 0.180 0.01500 4.572 7767 x lO 4

0.049 124 a 152 0.01267 3 861 1.260 x 10 4

7.94 0.035 O.BB9 0.243 a.02021 6.160 3.207 x lo 4

.124
0.049 a 215 0 01788 5 448 2 509 x 1O-4
.,/^
9.53 0.035 O.BB9 0.305 o 02542 7 147 5.074 x 10 4

0.049 1.24 0.277 0.02308 7.036 4.185 x 10 4

1a aA 0.049 1 )A 4 402 0.03350 la.2l 8.814 x 10 4

0 065 1.65 0.370 0 03083 9.40 7.467 x lO-4

'/e
15.88 0.049 I24 4.521 0.a$92 13.39 15i5x103
0.065 1.65 0 495 o.o4l25 12.57 1.336 r 10-3
3/a 19.05 0.049 1?4 0 652 0.05433 16.56 2.319 x 10 3

0.065 1.65 0.620 0.05167 15.75 2.097 x 10 3

//s aa aa 0.049 1.24 0 117 0.06475 19 t4 3.293 x 10 3

0.065 1.65 0.745 0.06208 18.92 3.027 x 10 3

25.44 0.065 1.65 0.870 o.07254 22.10 4.128 x 10 3

0.083 2.11 0.834 0.06950 21.t8 3.794 x 10 3

31 75 0.065 165 1.120 0 09333 28.45 6.842 /. 7O-3

0 083 211 1.084 0.09033 21 .53 6.409 x 10 3

l1/z 38 10 0.065 1.65 1.370 a.1742 34.80 7.024 x L0 2

0 083 277 1.334 0.ll12 33,88 9706x103

l3/q 44.45 0.065 1.65 1.624 0.1350 41.15 1.431 x 10-2

0.083 2.lt 1.584 0 1320 40.23 1.368 x 10 2

50.80 0 065 165 1,870 0.1 558 47.50 79a7 x 7a 2
0.083 2lt 1.834 0 1528 46.58 1.835 x 10 2