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Evolution
Placental Reptiles Birds Monotremes
Mammals
Marsupials Eutherians
Mammals Feathers
Placenta
True Breast
BIOL102 Milk & Hair
Life on Earth
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Mammals Mammals
Monotremes Marsupials and Eutherians
Platypus shared traits:
Echidna High
Marsupials metabolic rate
Kangaroo
Possum Nipples
Eutherians Give birth to
Lion live young
Man
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Placental mammal Characteristics
1st ~125 mya Placenta
75 mya after 1st
mammal
Tree climber
Give birth to more
fully developed
Weighed ~20 g
young
Eomaia scansoria Image from - https://unsplash.com/s/photos/zebra
Ji et al . 2002. Nature 416: 816-822
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Placenta Benefits
Vascular organ Safety &
Composite organ warmth
Maternal
Foetus Well developed
Nutrition & O2 young
Waste & CO2
Avoid
Not completely predators
unique
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Modern
mammals
Today there Diversity of mammals
are between
4500 and
5000 species
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Bats Return to
Only mammal the Sea
that can fly Cetaceans
Baleen whales
Eat insects, Dolphins
frogs, fruit. Sirenians
Some drink Manatees
Dugongs
blood Pinnipeds
Seals
Echolocation Sea lions
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Why return to Whales
sea? Closest relative
is the hippo
Less competition Common
Can get bigger ancestor 54 mya
Back to sea
~50 mya
Two types
Baleen
Toothed
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Baleen whales Toothed whales
Sieve in mouth Have teeth
Filter plankton Fish & squid
Largest whales Echolocation
Appeared ~39- Sperm whale
29 mya 15m
8 species Killer whales &
found off SA dolphins
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Sirenians Largest
Herbivores Blue Whale
Sea & freshwater
~30 m long
~60 mya
Closest relative ~180,000 kg
the elephant
Largest animal
400-550 kg
ever to have
~3 m long lived
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Smallest mammal Evolution
Bumblebee bat
Placenta
2.9 - 3.30 cm
long, ~2 g Give birth
Eats small to more
insects fully
Very rare ~200 developed
left in wild young
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