Western University

London Canada
Department of Mathematics
MATH 1229 Test 1

October 14, 2023 Version A 1:00 - 2:30 p.m.

MATH 1229

INSTRUCTIONS

1. Complete the inside cover of this booklet AND the pro-

vided bubblesheet when the exam begins. Ensure your Student
Name and Student ID Number are correct before handing in your booklet and
bubblesheet.

2. CALCULATORS AND NOTES ARE NOT PERMITTED

3. DO NOT UNSTAPLE THE BOOKLET.

4. There are two parts to this examination: Part A (18 marks) in multiple choice
format and Part B (7 marks) in written answer format.

5. In Part A, fill in the bubble corresponding to the correct answer to each question
completely on the bubblesheet provided with your exam.

6. In Part B, write your answer in the space provided.

7. Questions are printed on both sides of the paper. They begin on Page 1 and
continue to Page 8. Be sure that your booklet is complete.

8. You must hand in this test booklet, the bubblesheet, and all rough work sheets.

9. TOTAL MARKS = 25
Remember to ensure your Student Name and Student ID Number
are correct before handing in your booklet.

Student ID Number

Student’s Name (Print)

 Page 1

PART A (18 marks)

YOUR ANSWERS TO THE PROBLEMS IN THIS PART MUST BE PROPERLY

FILLED IN ON THE SCANTRON PROVIDED WITH YOUR EXAM.

−→
1 A1. Determine the vector P Q equivalent to the directed line segment starting at point P (1, 4, 1) and
mark ending at point Q(4, −4, −4).

A: (3, −8, −5) B: (−5, 0, 3) C: (0, 0, −5) D: (−3, 8, 5) E: (5, 0, −3)

−→
Solution: Our vector starts at P and ends at Q. So to find the components of P Q we subtract the
coordinates of P from the corresponding coordinates of Q.
−→
PQ = Q − P
= (4, −4, −4) − (1, 4, 1)


= 4 − 1, −4 − 4, −4 − 1
= (3, −8, −5)

1 A2. Consider vectors ~u = (−1, −3), ~v = (−2, −3) and w

~ = (−1, −4). Simplify −~u + 3~v − 2w.
~
mark
A: (3, 12) B: (−4, −6) C: (−3, −12) D: (−3, 2) E: (−8, −10)

Solution: To perform this calculation, we first perform the scalar multiplication and then simplify
the rest of the expression,
−~u + 3~v − 2w
~ = −(−1, −3) + 3(−2, −3) − 2(−1, −4)
= (1, 3) + (−6, −9) − (−2, −8)
= (−3, 2)

1 A3. If we know that ~v = (k, 2) and || − 3~v || = 12 find all possible values of k.
mark
√ √
A: k = 0 B: k = ±4 C: k = −8 D: k = ± 3 E: k = ± 12

Solution: 12 = || − 3~v || = | − 3| ·√||~v || = 3||~v ||.√ We can see that ||~v || = 4. Now, using our given
components we can see 4 √ = ||~v || = k 2 + 22 = k 2 + 4. Squaring both sides gives us 16 = k 2 + 4 or
rather 12 = k 2 . So k = ± 12.

1 A4. If we know that (2, 3) • (5, k) = −11 find the value of the component, k.
mark
A: −7 B: −2 C: −13 D: 21 E: 7

Solution: −11 = (2, 3) • (5, k) = 2(5) + 3k = 10 + 3k. So we need only solve the equation,
−11 = 10 + 3k. Subtracting 10 from both sides we get −21 = 3k and from there conclude k = −7.
 Page 2

1 A5. Which one of the following vectors is not orthogonal to (−1, 3, 2)?
mark
A: (−9, −3, 0) B: (1, 1, −1) C: (0, 4, 4) D: (−2, 0, −1) E: (9, −3, 9)

Solution: Two vectors are orthogonal if their dot product is equal to zero. So we’ll just compute
the dot products of (−1, 3, 2) with each of the presented options.
(−1)(9) + (3)(−3) + (2)(9) = 0
(−1)(1) + (3)(1) + (2)(−1) = 0
(−1)(−9) + (3)(−3) + (2)(0) = 0
(−1)(−2) + (3)(0) + (2)(−1) = 0
(−1)(0) + (3)(4) + (2)(4) = 20
And from these calculations we see that (0, 4, 4) is the vector which is not orthogonal to (−1, 3, 2)

1 A6. Simplify (1, 1, −3) × (−2, 3, 1).

mark
A: (16, −4, 4) B: (−16, 4, −4) C: (10, 5, 5) D: (−10, −5, −5) E: (−4, −2, −2)

Solution: We can use the formula,

(u1 , u2 , u3 ) × (v1 , v2 , v3 ) = u2 v3 − v2 u3 , u3 v1 − v3 u1 , u1 v2 − v1 u2
When applied to our vectors we can simplify the expression,


(1, 1, −3) × (−2, 3, 1) = (1)(1) − (3)(−3), (−3)(−2) − (1)(1), (1)(3) − (−2)(1) = (10, 5, 5)

1 A7. Determine the area of the triangle in R3 that has vertices: P (1, 2, 0), Q(0, −1, −1), and
mark R(−3, −5, −1).

√ √
A: 2 B: 50 50 D: 25
C: E: 50
2

Solution: To find the area, we first create vectors representing two sides of the triangle. For
−→
instance, P Q = (0, −1, −1) − (1, 2, 0) = (−1, −3, −1) and
−→ 1 −→ −→
P R = (−3, −5, −1) − (1, 2, 0) = (−4, −7, −1). Then, the area of the triangle is P Q × P R . So
−→ 2 −→ √
we’ll caclulate (−1, −3, −1) × (−4, −7, −1) = (−4, 3, −5) and from there, P Q × P R = 50. We
√
50
conclude the triangle has an area of .
2


1 A8. Suppose ~r and ~s are vectors in R3 . If ~r × ~s = (3, 1, −2) find ~s × ~r + 3~s .
mark
A: (3, 1, −2) B: (9, 3, −6) C: (6, −3, −9) D: (0, 0, 0) E: (−3, −1, 2)
 Page 3

Solution: Using the properties of the cross product, we can perform the following sequence of
deductions,

~s × ~r + 3~s = ~s × ~r + ~s × (3~s)
= −~r × ~s + ~0
= −(3, 1, −2) + (0, 0, 0)
= (−3, −1, 2)

1 A9. Consider the plane given by equation: x + y + z = −6. Which one of the following points is on this
mark plane?

A: (6, −3, 0) B: (2, −6, −2) C: (0, −8, −4) D: (−5, −5, 7) E: (4, −4, 0)

Solution: To determine whether or not a point is on a plane we need to substitute the point into
the equation of the plane (x + y + z = −6) and determine if the equation is satisfied (Left Hand Side
= Right Hand Side). Doing this we see,
(−5) + (−5) + (7) = −3 6= −6

(0) + (−8) + (−4) = −12 6= −6

(6) + (−3) + (0) = 3 6= −6
(4) + (−4) + (0) = 0 6= −6
(2) + (−6) + (−2) = −6 = −6
and we conclude (2, −6, −2) is the only point on the plane.

1 A10. Which one of the following represents a line in R2 written in standard form?
mark
A: (x, y) = t(−5, 4) + (1 − t)(5, 0) B: 5x + 3y = 2


C: (0, −2) • (x, y) − (−3, 7) = 0 D: (x, y) = (3, 2) + t(−8, 1)

x = −6 + 3t
E:
y = 6 + 7t

Solution: We can see that each presented line has a different form. (0, −2) · (x, y) − (−3, 7) = 0
x = −6 + 3t
is in point-normal form. is in parametric form. (x, y) = (3, 2) + t(−8, 1) is in
y = 6 + 7t
point-parallel form. (x, y) = t(−5, 4) + (1 − t)(5, 0) is in two point form. And finally, 5x + 3y = 2 is
in standard form.

1 A11. Find a point-parallel equation for the line which passes through the point P (7, 7) and which lies
mark parallel to the line given by equation, (x, y) = (7, −4) + t(−2, 0).

A: (x, y) = (0, −1) + t(7, 7) B: (x, y) = (7, 7) + t(−2, 0) C: (x, y) = (−2, 0) + t(7, −4)

D: (x, y) = (7, −4) + t(7, 7) E: (x, y) = (7, 7) + t(0, −1)

 Page 4

Solution: To make a point-parallel form equation, we need a point (which we are given) and a
direction vector. The line we want to make is parallel to (x, y) = (7, −4) + t(−2, 0), and we know
that lines which are parallel have direction vectors which are scalar multiples. So we can use any
multiple of (−2, 0) as the direction vector of our new line. Using the point we’re given and the
direction vector (−2, 0) we can create the line equation,
(x, y) = (7, 7) + t(−2, 0)

which we see is one of the presented options.

1 A12. Determine which of the following vectors is normal to the line given by the following equation:
mark
(x, y) = (−4, 4) + t(−1, 2)

A: (−4, 4) B: (4, 4) C: (1, 2) D: (−1, 2) E: (−2, −1)

Solution: The line we’re given is in point-parallel form. So it is easily read that (−1, 2) is a
direction vector for this line. A normal vector can be found by swapping the components and then
changing exactly one of the signs. This immediately gives us two options: (2, 1) and (−2, −1), the
latter of which is a presented option, so that is the correct response.

1 A13. Find the point of intersection between the two lines given below.
mark
x = 6 + 3s x = 9 + 6t
y = 3 + 3s y = 4 + 5t

A: (15, 12) B: (−3, −6) C: (21, 14) D: (0, −3) E: (−9, −11)

Solution: To try to find the point of intersection, we equate the pairs of equations that represent
the same coordinates.
6 + 3s = 9 + 6t
3 + 3s = 4 + 5t
Rewriting the first equation we can isolate for s in terms of t: s = 1 + 2t. This can then be
substituted into the second equation, giving us:
 
3 + 3 1 + 2t = 4 + 5t

We can start to simplify the left side by multiplying in the factor of 3 leaving:

3 + 3 + 6t = 4 + 5t
Now we can isolate for t. We’ll bring all the terms with t to the left side, and all the constants onto
the right side:
t = −2
Substituting it back into our earlier expression for s we subsequently find:
s = −3
Plugging these parameters back into their respective lines gives us the same points: (−3, −6), which
is the unique point of intersection.
 Page 5

1 A14. Determine the distance from the point, P (1, 7, −4), to the plane, x − y + 2z = −1.
mark
14 −15 −13 13 15
A: √ B: √ C: √ D: √ E: √
6 6 6 6 6

Solution: The distance from the point (p1 , p2 , p3 ) to the plane, ax + by + cz = d is given by
| ax + by + cz − d |
√ . Applying this to the given point and plane we find a distance of
a2 + b2 + c2
| 1 · 1 + (−1) · 7 + 2 · (−4) − (−1) | 13
p =√
12 + (−1)2 + 22 6
.

1 A15. Find the length of the vector, ~v = (0, 1, −4, −4, −3).
mark
√ √ √ √ √
A: 44 B: 10 C: 17 D: 42 E: 12

Solution: In order to find the length of the given vector we square each component, add those
values up, and take the square root of the result.
p √
(0, 1, −4, −4, −3) = 02 + 12 + (−4)2 + (−4)2 + (−3)2 = 42

1 A16. Simplify (2, −2, 2, 6) • (−1, 4, −3, 3).

mark
A: 6 B: −3 C: −4 D: 5 E: 2

Solution: To calculate the dot product for our two vectors ((2, −2, 2, 6) and (−1, 4, −3, 3)) we
have to multiply pairs of corresponding components and then add the result.

(2)(−1) + (−2)(4) + (2)(−3) + (6)(3) = 2

1 A17. Suppose that θ is the angle between the two vectors, ~u = (−1, 3, −1, 6) and ~v = (1, −2, 3, −1).
mark Which of the following is equal to cos(θ)?

17 16 −17 −16 4
A: √ √ B: √ √ C: √ √ D: √ √ E: √ √
47 22 47 15 47 22 47 15 22 15
 Page 6

Solution: For vectors ~u and ~v we can use the formula,

~u · ~v
cos(θ) =
||~u||||~v ||
Using the given vectors in this formula we find
(−1)(1) + (3)(−2) + (−1)(3) + (6)(−1)
cos(θ) = p p
(−1)2 + (3)2 + (−1)2 + (6)2 (1)2 + (−2)2 + (3)2 + (−1)2
−16
= √ √
47 15

1 A18. Find an equation for the hyperplane passing through the point (0, −1, −1, 2, 3, −1) with normal
mark vector (−1, −1, −6, −3, −5, −2).

A: −x2 − x3 + 2x4 + 3x5 − x6 = 4 B: −x2 − x3 + 2x4 + 3x5 − x6 = −9

C: −x1 − x2 − 6x3 − 3x4 − 5x5 − 2x6 = −12 D: −x1 − x2 − 6x3 − 3x4 − 5x5 − 2x6 = −9

E: −x2 − x3 + 2x4 + 3x5 − x6 = −12

Solution: To create a standard form equation for a hyperplane we use the components of the
normal vector as the coefficients for the variables, like so:
−x1 − x2 − 6x3 − 3x4 − 5x5 − 2x6 = b
To find the constant value on the right we substitute in the coordinates of the given point.

−(0) − (−1) − 6(−1) − 3(2) − 5(3) − 2(−1) = b

−12 = b
So we finally get our standard form for the desired hyperplane,
−x1 − x2 − 6x3 − 3x4 − 5x5 − 2x6 = −12.
 Page 7

PART B (7 marks)

YOU MUST SHOW SUFFICIENT WORK TO JUSTIFY YOUR ANSWERS.

A CORRECT ANSWER WITH LITTLE WORK MAY EARN FEW/NO MARKS.

3 B1. Find the point of intersection between the plane, 2x − 2y − 2z = 0, and the line,
marks (x, y, z) = (4, −4, 0) + t(−5, 5, −2).

Solution: Writing out the line in parametric form we get

x = 4 − 5t
y = −4 + 5t
z = −2t
which can which can be substituted into the standard form equation for the plane,

2(4 − 5t) − 2(−4 + 5t) − 2(−2t) = 0

We can simplify both sides to get 16 − 16t = 0. This can be rearranged to give us a value of t = 1.
Plugging this back into our line we get the unique point of intersection,
(4, −4, 0) + 1(−5, 5, −2) = (−1, 1, −2)
 Page 8

2 B2. Find a unit vector in the same direction as 6~i − ~j + 2~k.

marks
Solution: We can calculate 6~i − ~j + 2~k = 6(1, 0, 0) − (0, 1, 0) + 2(0, 0, 1) = (6, −1, 2). To find a unit
vector ~u in the same direction as a given vector, ~v we use the formula
1
~u = ~v
||~v ||
p √ √
We calculate, ||(6, −1, 2)|| = 62 + (−1)2 + 22 = 36 + 1 + 4 = 41. So our unit vector will then
be,
1  6 1 2 
√ (6, −1, 2) = √ , − √ , √
41 41 41 41

2 B3. Determine the volume of the parallelepiped created with the three vectors, ~u = (2, 2, 0),
marks ~v = (1, −1, 2), and w
~ = (3, 4, −3).

Solution: We have a formula for the volume of the parallelepiped generated by vectors ~u, ~v , and w,
~

~u · (~v × w)
~

We just need to apply this formula to our given vectors.

(2, 2, 0) · (1, −1, 2) × (3, 4, −3) = (2, 2, 0) · (−5, 9, 7) = 8 = 8

Did you give full explanations and show all of your work?
Did you fill in your name and student number in this
booklet and the provided bubblesheet?
Page 9

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