ANSI/AWWA C116/A21.

16-15
(Revi si on of AN SI /AW WA C1 1 6/A21 .1 6 - 09)

®
AWWA Standard

Protective Fusion-Bonded
Coatings for the Interior
and Exterior Surfaces of
Ductile-Iron and Gray-
Iron Fittings

Efecti ve date: N ov. 1 , 201 5.

First edition approved by AWWA Board o f Directors J une 21 , 1 998.
This edition approved J une 7, 201 5.
Approved by American N ational Standards Institute J ul y 31 , 201 5.

SM

Copyright © 201 5 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved.

AWWA Standard
This document is an American Water Works Association (AWWA) standard. It is not a speci f cation. AWWA standards
describe minimum requirements and do not contain all o f the engineering and administrative in formation normally
contained in speci f cations. The AWWA standards usually contain options that must be evaluated by the user o f the
standard. Until each optional feature is speci f ed by the user, the product or service is not fully de f ned. AWWA pub -

lication o f a standard does not constitute endorsement o f any product or product type, nor does AWWA test, certi fy,
or approve any product. The use o f AWWA standards is entirely voluntary. This standard does not supersede or take
precedence over or displace any applicable law, regulation, or code o f any governmental authority. AWWA standards
are intended to represent a consensus o f the water supply industry that the product described will provide satis factory
service. When AWWA revises or withdraws this standard, an o f cial notice o f action will be placed in the O f cial Notice
section o f Journal - American Water Works Association . The action becomes efective on the f rst day o f the month fol -

lowing the month o f Journal - American Water Works Association publication o f the o f cial notice.

American National Standard

An American National Standard implies a consensus o f those substantially concerned with its scope and provisions.
An American National Standard is intended as a guide to aid the manu facturer, the consumer, and the general public.
The existence o f an American National Standard does not in any respect preclude anyone, whether that person has ap -

proved the standard or not, from manu facturing, marketing, purchasing, or using products, processes, or procedures
not con forming to the standard. American National Standards are subject to periodic review, and users are cautioned
to obtain the latest editions. Producers o f goods made in con formity with an American National Standard are encour -

aged to state on their own responsibility in advertising and promotional materials or on tags or labels that the goods
are produced in con formity with particular American National Standards.
C au tion n otiCe : The American National Standards Institute (ANSI) approval date on the front cover o f this standard
indicates completion o f the ANSI approval process. This American National Standard may be revised or withdrawn at
any time. ANSI procedures require that action be taken to rea f rm, revise, or withdraw this standard no later than f ve
years from the date o f ANSI approval. Purchasers o f American National Standards may receive current in formation on
all standards by calling or writing the American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, Fourth Floor, New
York, N Y 1 0036; 21 2.642.4900; or emailing in [email protected].

This AWWA content is the product of thousands of

hours of work by your fellow water professionals.
Revenue from the sales of this AWWA material supports
ongoing product development. Unauthorized distribution,
either electronic or photocopied, is illegal and hinders
AWWA’s mission to support the water community.

ISBN-1 3, print: 978-1 -62576-1 21 -7 eISBN-1 3, electronic: 978-1 -61 300-350-3

DOI: http://dx.doi.org/1 0.1 2999/AWWA.C1 1 6.1 5

All rights reserved. No part o f this publication may be reproduced or transmitted in any form or by any means,
electronic or mechanical, including photocopy, recording, or any in formation or retrieval system, except in the form o f
brie f excerpts or quotations for review purposes, without the written permission o f the publisher.

Copyright © 201 5 by American Water Works Association

Printed in USA

ii

Copyright © 201 5 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved.

 Committee Personnel
Te AWWA A21 Standards Subcommittee 4, Coatings and Linings, which reviewed and approved
this standard, had the following personnel at the time of approval:
Gregg Horn, Chair
General Interest Members
D.H. Kroon, Corrpro Companies Inc., Houston, Texas (AWWA)
J.R. Plattsmier, HDR Engineering Inc., Denver, Colo. (AWWA)
E.S. Ralph,* Standards Engineer Liaison, AWWA, Denver, Colo. (AWWA)
P.A. Selig, Consultant, Birmingham, Ala. (AWWA)
K.E. Wilson, Ken Wilson Engineering, Valrico, Fla. (AWWA)
Producer Members
C. Comins, Custom Fab Inc., Orlando, Fla. (AWWA)
J.H. Eddings, Atlantic States Cast Iron Pipe Company, Phillipsburg, N.J. (AWWA)
M.D. Gaston, American Ductile Iron Pipe Company, Birmingham, Ala. (AWWA)
L.G. Horn, Ductile Iron Pipe Research Association, Birmingham, Ala. (AWWA)
A.M. Horton, US Pipe & Foundry Company, Birmingham, Ala. (AWWA)
H. Kennedy Jr., Harold Kennedy & Associates, Fuquay Varina, N.C. (AWWA)
V. O’Dea, Tnemec Company, Kansas City, Mo. (AWWA)
G. Oliver,† American Cast Iron Pipe Company, Birmingham, Ala. (AWWA)
User Members
D.T. Bradley, Oak Lodge Water District, Portland, Ore. (AWWA)
M.J. Britch, Tualatin Valley Water District, Beaverton, Ore. (AWWA)
W.C. Duke, Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, Colo. (AWWA)
J.M. Kennedy, Tampa Bay Water, Clearwater, Fla. (AWWA)
R.L. Worden, COMCD, Norman, Okla. (AWWA)

* Liaison, nonvoting
† Alternate
iii

Copyright © 201 5 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved.

AWWA Standards Committee A21, Ductile‑Iron Pipe and Fittings, which reviewed and approved
this standard, had the following personnel at the time of approval:

John R. Plattsmier, Chair

General Interest Members
M.B. Horsley, Horsley Engineering LLC, Overland Park, Kan. (AWWA)
D.H. Kroon, Corrpro Companies Inc., Houston, Texas (AWWA)
D.D. Lary,* Wright‑Pierce, Topsham, Maine (NEWWA)
G.E. Laverick, Underwriters Laboratories Inc., Northbrook, Ill. (AWWA)
P.J. Mourt, Hatch Mott MacDonald, Milburn, N.J. (AWWA)
J.R. Plattsmier, HDR Engineering Inc., Denver, Colo. (AWWA)
S. Pool,* HDR Engineering, Denver, Colo. (AWWA)
E. S. Ralph,† Standards Engineer Liaison, AWWA, Denver, Colo. (AWWA)
T.M. Stinson, Kleinfelder SEA Company, Holbrook, Mass. (NEWWA)
L.C. Yates, McGoodwin, Williams & Yates, Fayetteville, Ark. (AWWA)

Producer Members
L.R. Dunn, US Pipe & Foundry Company, Birmingham, Ala. (DIPRA)
J.H. Eddings, Atlantic States Cast Iron Pipe Company, Phillipsburg, N.J. (AWWA)
J. A. Fancher,* American Cast Iron Pipe Company, Birmingham, Ala. (AWWA)
M.D. Gaston, American Ductile Iron Pipe Company, Birmingham, Ala. (AWWA)
L.G. Horn, Ductile Iron Pipe Research Association, Birmingham, Ala. (AWWA)
T
J.C. Jones, RC , Los Angeles, Calif. (AWWA)
H. Kennedy Jr., Harold Kennedy & Associates, Fuquay Varina, N.C. (AWWA)
J. Lambert,* US Pipe & Foundry Company, Birmingham, Ala. (AWWA)
T.J. Muntz, Fab Pipe Inc., Rogers, Minn. (AWWA)

User Members
T
D. . Bradley, Oak Lodge Water District, Portland, Ore. (AWWA)
M.J. Britch, Tualatin Valley Water District, Beaverton, Ore. (AWWA)
A.J. DeBoy,* Indiana American Water, Greenwood, Ind. (AWWA)
W.C. Duke, Bureau of Reclamation, Denver, Colo. (AWWA)

* Alternate
† Liaison, nonvoting

iv

Copyright © 201 5 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved.

M.W. Grifn, American Water Company, St. Louis, Mo. (AWWA)
J.M. Kennedy, Tampa Bay Water, Clearwater, Fla. (AWWA)
D.D. Montgomery, Independence Water Department, Independence, Mo. (AWWA)
K.C. Morgan,* Standards Council Liaison, Town of Gilbert, Gilbert, Ariz. (AWWA)
G.M. Page, Cobb County–Marietta Water Authority, Marietta, Ga. (AWWA)
C.J. Patla, Connecticut Water Service Inc., Clinton, Conn. (AWWA)
T.J. Roode, Denver Water, Denver, Colo. (AWWA)
P. A. Shively, City of Kansas City, Kansas City, Mo. (AWWA)
R.L. Worden, COMCD, Norman, Okla. (AWWA)

* Liaison, nonvoting

Copyright © 201 5 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved.

 Tis page intentionally blank.

Copyright © 201 5 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved.

 Contents
All AWWA standards follow the general format indicated subsequently. Some variations from this
format may be found in a particular standard.

SEC. PAGE SEC. PAGE

Foreword 3 Def nitions ....................................... 2

I Introduction ..................................... ix
I.A Background...................................... ix 4
4.1
Requirements
Materials ........................................... 3
I.B History............................................. ix 4.2 Surface Preparation ........................... 4
I.C Acceptance ........................................ x 4.3 Coating Application .......................... 4
II Special Issues .................................... xi 4.4 Coating System Qualifcation............ 4
III Use of Tis Standard ........................ xi
III.A Purchaser Options and 5 Veri fcation

Alternatives ................................ xi 5.1 Qualifcation Testing......................... 4

III.B Modifcation to Standard ................ xii 5.2 Production Testing ............................ 5
IV Major Revisions............................... xii 5.3 Holiday Testing................................. 5
V Comments ...................................... xii 5.4 Inspection by Purchaser .................... 6
5.5 Basis for Rejection ............................. 6
Standard
6 Delivery

1.1 Scope ................................................ 1 6.6.21 Marking ............................................ 6

1 General

1.2 Purpose ............................................. 1 Shipping, Handling, and Storage

Precautions .................................. 6
1.3 Application........................................ 1 6.3 Afdavit of Compliance .................... 6
2 References ........................................ 2

vii

Copyright © 201 5 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved.

 Tis page intentionally blank.

Copyright © 201 5 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved.

 Foreword
Tis foreword is for information only and is not a part ofANSI*/AWWA C116/A21.16-15.

I. Introduction.
I.A. Background. Ductile‑iron and gray‑iron fttings used for water service
are normally furnished with a cement–mortar lining in accordance with ANSI/
AWWA C104/A21.4, Cement–Mortar Lining for Ductile‑Iron Pipe and Fittings, for
internal corrosion protection. Additionally, polyethylene encasement in accordance with
ANSI/AWWA C105/A21.5, Polyethylene Encasement for Ductile‑Iron Pipe Systems, is
normally used for external corrosion protection of ductile‑iron and gray‑iron fttings for
buried applications in corrosive environments.
Te purpose of this standard is to provide purchasers and manufacturers with the
minimum requirements for protective fusion‑bonded coatings and linings for the inte‑
rior and exterior surfaces of ductile‑iron and gray‑iron fttings used for water service.
Te standard describes the material, application, and performance requirements for these
coatings and linings and can be referenced in specifcations for purchasing fttings with
an interior and exterior fusion‑bonded epoxy or polyolefn coating.
I.B. History. American National Standards Committee A21 on Cast‑Iron
Pipe and Fittings was organized in 1926 under the sponsorship of the American Gas
Association (AGA), the American Society for Testing and Materials (ASTM), the
American Water Works Association (AWWA), and the New England Water Works
Association (NEWWA). Between 1972 and 1984, the cosecretariats were AGA, AWWA,
and NEWWA, with AWWA serving as administrative secretariat. In 1984, the committee
became an AWWA committee called AWWA Standards Committee A21 on Ductile‑
Iron Pipe and Fittings.
Te present scope of Committee A21 activity is to develop standards and manuals
that address ductile‑iron pressure pipe for water supply service and ductile‑iron and
gray‑iron fttings for use with such pipe. Tese standards and manuals include design,
dimensions, materials, coatings, linings, joints, accessories, and methods of inspection
and testing.
Te work of Committee A21 is conducted by subcommittees. Te scope of Subcom‑
mittee 4, Coatings and Linings, includes the periodic review of current A21 standards
for interior and exterior protection of ductile‑iron pipe and ductile‑iron and gray‑iron
* American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, Fourth Floor, New York, NY 10036.
ix

Copyright © 201 5 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved.

f ttings, the preparation of revisions and new standards when needed, and the examina‑
tion of other matters pertaining to standards for interior and exterior protection of pipe
and fttings.
In 1994, the AWWA Standards Council approved the development of an AWWA
standard for protective fusion‑bonded epoxy coatings for the interior and exterior sur‑
faces of ductile‑iron and gray‑iron fttings for water service and assigned this project
to Committee A21. Consequently, Subcommittee 4 submitted a proposed standard
for fusion‑bonded coatings to Committee A21 in 1997. Te frst edition of the stan‑
dard was adopted in 1998. Subsequent revisions to ANSI/AWWA C116/A21.16 were
approved by the AWWA Board of Directors in 2003 and 2009. Tis fourth edition of
C116 was approved on June 7, 2015.
I.C. Acceptance. In May 1985, the US Environmental Protection Agency
(USEPA) entered into a cooperative agreement with a consortium led by NSF
International* (NSF) to develop voluntary third‑party consensus standards and a
certifcation program for direct and indirect drinking water additives. Other members of
the original consortium included the Water Research Foundation (formerly AwwaRF)
and the Conference of State Health and Environmental Managers (COSHEM). Te
American Water Works Association (AWWA) and the Association of State Drinking
Water Administrators (ASDWA) joined later.
In the United States, authority to regulate products for use in, or in contact with,
drinking water rests with individual states.† Local agencies may choose to impose
requirements more stringent than those required by the state. To evaluate the health
efects of products and drinking water additives from such products, state and local
agencies may use various references, including
1. An advisory program formerly administered by USEPA, Ofce of Drinking
Water, discontinued on Apr. 7, 1990.
2. Specifc policies of the state or local agency.
3. Two standards developed under the direction of NSF: NSF/ANSI 60,
Drinking Water Treatment Chemicals—Health Efects, and NSF/ANSI 61, Drinking
Water System Components—Health Efects.
4. Other references, including AWWA standards, Food Chemicals Codex, Water
Chemicals Codex,‡ and other standards considered appropriate by the state or local agency.

* NSF International, 789 North Dixboro Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48113.

†
‡ Both publications available from National Academy of Sciences, 500 Fifth Street, NW, Washington,
Persons outside the United States should contact the appropriate authority having j urisdiction.

DC 20001.
x

Copyright © 201 5 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved.

 Various certifcation organizations may be involved in certifying products in accor‑
dance with NSF/ANSI 61. Individual states or local agencies have authority to accept
or accredit certifcation organizations within their jurisdictions. Accreditation of certi‑
fcation organizations may vary from jurisdiction to jurisdiction.
Annex A, “Toxicology Review and Evaluation Procedures,” to NSF/ANSI 61 does
not stipulate a maximum allowable level (MAL) of a contaminant for substances not
regulated by a USEPA fnal maximum contaminant level (MCL). Te MALs of an
unspecifed list of “unregulated contaminants” are based on toxicity testing guidelines
(noncarcinogens) and risk characterization methodology (carcinogens). Use of Annex A
procedures may not always be identical, depending on the certifer.
ANSI/AWWA C116 does not address additives requirements. Tus, users of this
standard should consult the appropriate state or local agency having jurisdiction in
order to
1. Determine additives requirements, including applicable standards.
2. Determine the status of certifcations by parties ofering to certify products
for contact with, or treatment of, drinking water.
3. Determine current information on product certifcation.
II. Special Issues. Holiday testing requires special handling and treatment
of fttings and is not a routine production test. If experience indicates that severe
service conditions exist that justify the added expense, the purchaser documents shall
request a coating tested in accordance with AS TM G62 method A or method B, at the
discretion of the applicator (low voltage, wet sponge).
III. Use of Tis Standard. It is the responsibility of the user of an AWWA
standard to determine that the products described in that standard are suitable for use
in the particular application being considered.
III.A. Purchaser Options and Alternatives. Te following items should be covered
by the purchaser:
1. Standard used—that is, ANSI/AWWA C116/A21.16, Protective Fusion‑
Bonded Coatings for the Interior and Exterior Surfaces of Ductile‑Iron and Gray‑Iron
Fittings, of latest revision.
2. Details of other federal, state or provincial, and local requirements (Sec. 4.1.1).
3. For applications other than potable water, whether compliance with NSF/
ANSI 61, Drinking Water System Components—Health Efects, is required (Sec. 4.1.3).
4. Holiday testing, if required (Sec. 5.3).
5. Inspection by purchaser (Sec. 5.4).
6. Afdavit of compliance, if required (Sec. 6.3).
xi

Copyright © 201 5 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved.

 III.B. Modifcation to Standard. Any modifcation to the provisions, defnitions,
or terminology in this standard must be provided by the purchaser.
IV. Major Revisions. Major revisions made to the standard in this edition
include the following:
1. Te standard was revised to incorporate fusion‑bonded polyolefn coatings
and linings in addition to the original fusion‑bonded epoxy coatings and linings.
2. Te scope was expanded to include raw water applications.
3. Defnitions were added to Section 3 for potable water, raw water, reclaimed
water, and wastewater to be consistent with Standards Council boilerplate.
4. A new Sec. 4.1 .3, Certifcation, was added to include a requirement for NSF/
ANSI 61 certifcation on products if they will be in contact with potable water.
V. Comments. If you have any comments or questions about this standard,
please call AWWA Engineering and Technical Services at 303.794.7711, FAX at
303.795.7603; write to the department at 6666 West Quincy Avenue, Denver, CO
80235‑3098; or email at [email protected].

xi i

Copyright © 201 5 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved.

 ANSI/AWWA C116/A21.16-15
(Revi si on of AN SI /AW WA C1 1 6/A21 .1 6 - 09)

® AWWA Standard

Protective Fusion-Bonded Coatings for

the Interior and Exterior Surfaces of
Ductile-Iron and Gray-Iron Fittings

SEC TI ON 1 : G EN ER AL

Sec. 1.1 Scope

Tis standard describes protective fusion‑bonded coatings for the interior and
exterior surfaces of ductile‑iron and gray‑iron fttings used for raw water, potable
water, reclaimed water systems, and nonaggressive wastewaters. Te standard
describes the material, application, and performance requirements for these coatings.
Tis standard does not describe coatings agreed on between the purchaser
and the manufacturer for special service conditions, such as saltwater, sewers, acid,
high temperature, and so forth.
Sec. 1.2 Purpose
Te purpose of this standard is to provide purchasers, manufacturers, and
applicators with the minimum requirements for fusion‑bonded coatings and lin‑
ings for the interior and exterior of fttings.
Sec. 1.3 Application
Tis standard, or sections of this standard, can be referenced in the purchas‑
er’s documents for fttings with an interior and exterior fusion‑bonded coating. For

Copyright © 201 5 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved.

2 AW WA C1 1 6 /A 21 .1 6 -1 5

applications involving potentially aggressive wastewaters, consult the pipe manu‑

facturer for the suitable lining.
SECTION 2: REFERENCES
Tis standard references the following documents. In their latest editions,
they form a part of this standard to the extent specifed within the standard. In any
case of confict, the requirements of this standard shall prevail.
ASTM* G14—Standard Test Method for Impact Resistance of Pipeline
Coatings (Falling Weight Test).
ASTM G62—Standard Test Methods for Holiday Detection in Pipeline
Coatings.
Food and Drug Administration† Document, Title 21 of the Code of Federal
Regulations on Food Additives, Sec. 175.300, Resinous and Polymeric Coatings.
NSF‡/ANSI§ 61—Drinking Water System Components—Health Efects.
SECTION 3: DEFINITIONS
Te following defnitions shall apply in this standard:
1. Application: Te method by which the coating material is applied or
deposited on the ftting. Methods of application include, but are not restricted to,
a fuidized bed or an electrostatic spray system. Both processes require a preheating
or a postheating process, or both.
2. Coating: A protective material on the surfaces of fttings that meets the
requirements of this standard.
3. Coating applicator: Te party that applies a coating that meets the
requirements of this standard. Te coating applicator may or may not be the man‑
ufacturer of the fttings.
4. Coating material: A material applied in powder form that provides a
heat‑activated, chemically cured coating.

* AS TM International, 100 Barr Harbor Drive, West Conshohocken, PA 19428.

† Available from the US Government Printing Ofce, Superintendent of Documents, Washington, DC 20402.
‡ NSF International, 789 North Dixboro Road, Ann Arbor, MI 48105.
§ American National Standards Institute, 25 West 43rd Street, Fourth Floor, New York, NY 10036.

Copyright © 201 5 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved.

 PROTECTI VE FUSI ON -BON DED COATI N GS 3

5. Coating system: Tose materials and procedures used to produce a coat‑

ing that meets the requirements of this standard.
6. Holiday test: A nondestructive test of the coating of a ftting performed
in accordance with this standard to determine, by electric potential, the presence
of voids or holidays in the coating.
7. Manufacturer: Te party that manufactures, fabricates, or produces
materials or products.
8. Potable water: Water that is safe and satisfactory for drinking and
cooking.
9. Purchaser: Te person, company, or organization that purchases any
materials or work to be performed.
10. Raw water: Water from the supply source prior to treatment.
11. Reclaimed water: Wastewater that becomes suitable for benefcial use
as a result of treatment.
12. Wastewater: A combination of the liquid and water‑carried waste from
residences, commercial buildings, industrial plants, and institutions, together with
any groundwater, surface water, and stormwater that may be present.
SECTION 4: REQUIREMENTS

Sec. 4.1 Materials

4.1 .1 General. Materials shall comply with the requirements of the Safe
Drinking Water Act and other federal regulations for potable water, wastewater,
and reclaimed water systems as applicable.
4.1 .2 Coating material. Te coating material shall be a powder epoxy or
polyolefn. Where applicable for the intended service, the coating material shall be
formulated from materials deemed acceptable by one of the following:
1. Food and Drug Administration Document, Title 21 of the Code of Fed‑
eral Regulations on Food Additives, Sec. 175.300, Resinous and Polymeric Coatings.
2. NSF/ANSI 61, Drinking Water System Components—Health Efects.
4.1 .3 Certifcation. Products intended for contact with potable water shall
be certifed to the requirements of NSF/ANSI 61. Certifcation shall be accom‑
plished by a certifcation organization accredited by the American National Stan‑
dards Institute (ANSI).

Copyright © 201 5 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved.

4 AW WA C1 1 6 /A 21 .1 6 -1 5

Sec. 4.2 Surface Preparation

4.2.1 General. Surfaces shall be clean and preparation shall be in accor‑
dance with the coating manufacturer’s recommendation and shall be adequate to
provide a coating that meets the performance requirements of this standard.
4.2.2 Visual examination. Before surface preparation, each ftting to be
coated shall be visually inspected for damages and conditions detrimental to coat‑
ing system application.
Sec. 4.3 Coating Application
4.3.1 Coating areas. Te protective fusion‑bonded coating shall be
applied to the surfaces to be coated in accordance with the coating manufacturer’s
recommendation and in such a manner that meets requirements of this standard.
4.3.2 Joint areas. As a result of critical dimensional tolerances in joint
areas, it may be necessary to limit the protective coating thickness in these areas
to maintain a leakproof joint. However, the thickness in the joint area shall not be
less than 4 mil.
Sec. 4.4 Coating System Qualifcation
4.4.1 Type. Te coating materials shall conform to Sec. 4.1 of this stan‑
dard.
4.4.2 Performance testing. Te coating system shall be tested in accor‑
dance with Sec. 5.1 of this standard.
4.4.3 Changes to coating system. If either the chemical composition or
application procedure parameters of the coating material are modifed from the
original composition or parameters, the modifed coating system shall be retested
in accordance with protocols in Sec. 5.1 of this standard, and shall be certifed in
accordance with Sec. 4.1 .3.
SECTION 5: VERIFICATION

Sec. 5.1 Quali fcation Testing

5.1 .1 Test coupon. Te coating material shall be applied to a test cou‑
pon cut from a section of a ftting approximately 6 in. (150 mm) in diameter and
approximately 4 in. (100 mm) in length, split lengthwise into two approximately
equal sections so that both the concave and convex surfaces are accessible for exam‑
ination. Te test coupon shall be made of the same material as the product to be
coated, and surface roughness of the test coupon shall be similar to the body of the

Copyright © 201 5 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved.

 PROTECTI VE FUSI ON -BON DED COATI N GS 5

product to be coated. Te coating shall be applied to the convex and concave sur‑
faces. Te surface preparation, coating application procedures, coating thickness,
and curing parameters shall be the same as those to be used for the body of the
ftting. In no case shall the coating thickness of the test coupon be less than 4 mil.
5.1 .2 Disbondment or blistering. An X shall be scribed with a sharp instru‑
ment through the coating material to the metal surface beneath for the maximum
length possible on both the concave and convex cylindrical surfaces of the test cou‑
pon. No disbondment or blistering of the coating material applied to the scribed
test coupon shall be visible after 500 hr of immersion in 150°F (66°C) distilled
water.
5.1.3 Direct impact. No cracking or disbonding of the coating material
under the indentor of an impact apparatus similar to that described in ASTM G14*
shall be visible without magnifcation after a direct impact of 20 in.‑lbf (2.26 J) is
applied near the center of the convex and concave cylindrical surfaces of the test
coupon.
Sec. 5.2 Production Testing
5.2.1 Test frequency. Tests described in Sec. 5.2.2 and Sec. 5.2.3 shall be
performed on fttings at a frequency adequate to ensure compliance with the per‑
formance requirements of this standard but no less than once per hour.
5.2.2 Visual examination. Visual examination of coated surfaces shall
disclose no blisters, cracks, or lack of coating coverage.
5.2.3 Coating thickness. Te dry flm thickness of the coating shall be
randomly measured with a nondestructive instrument on selected fttings. Te
thickness shall not be less than the minimum thickness of the coating on the
qualifcation test coupon; therefore, the test requirements establish a minimum
thickness. A numerical minimum thickness is not given because of the variety of
coating formulations that fall within the scope of this standard and variations of
the surface profle of castings.
Sec. 5.3 Holiday Testing
If holiday testing is required by the purchaser, the coating shall be tested
at the coating applicator’s facility in accordance with AS TM G62 method A or
method B, at the discretion of the applicator. Any holidays indicated by the detec‑

* Only that section of ASTM G14 describing the impact apparatus shall be applicable to this standard.

Copyright © 201 5 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved.

6 AW WA C1 1 6 /A 21 .1 6 -1 5

tor shall be repaired in accordance with the coating material manufacturer’s repair
procedures.
Sec. 5.4 Inspection by Purchaser
5.4.1 Inspection. If the purchaser desires to inspect the application and
testing of the protective coating at the coating applicator’s plant, the purchaser
shall so state in the purchase documents and describe the conditions (such as the
time and the extent of inspection) under which the inspection shall be made.
5.4.2 Access and facilities for purchaser. Te purchaser shall have free
access to those areas of the coating applicator’s plant as are necessary to determine
compliance with this standard. Te coating applicator shall make available for the
use of the purchaser such gauges and equipment as are necessary for inspection.
Sec. 5.5 Basis for Rejection
Failure to meet the requirements of this standard will be the basis for rejec‑
tion. Te coatings on fttings may be repaired and retested to demonstrate compli‑
ance with this standard.
SECTION 6: DELIVERY

Sec. 6.1 Marking

Tis standard has no applicable information for this section.
Sec. 6.2 Shipping, Handling, and Storage Precautions
Coated fttings shall be shipped, handled, stored, and installed in a manner
that will prevent damage to the coating. Coatings damaged in shipment or by feld
handling may be repaired at the jobsite, provided materials and procedures recom‑
mended by the coating material manufacturer are used and the applicable require‑
ments of Sec. 4.1 and Sec. 5.2 of this standard are met.
For products requiring subsequently applied coatings, it may be necessary to
provide a surface profle to the normally smooth fnish of a fusion‑bonded coating.
Consult the coating manufacturer.
Sec. 6.3 f
A davit of Compliance
When required by the purchaser for fttings, an afdavit of compliance
shall be provided stating that (1) the coating provided conforms to the applicable
requirements of this standard and (2) inspections and tests required have been per‑
formed and test requirements have been met as shown by Sec. 4.4, Coating System
Qualifcation, and Section 5, Verifcation.

Copyright © 201 5 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved.

 Tis page intentionally blank.

Copyright © 201 5 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved.

6666 West Quincy Avenue
Denver, CO 80235-3098
T 800.926.7337
www.awwa.org

Dedicated to the world ’s most important resource, AWWA sets the

standard for water knowledge, management, and informed public policy.
AWWA members provide solutions to improve public health, protect the
environment, strengthen the economy, and enhance our quality of life.

1 P –2M 431 1 6 -2 01 5 (1 1 /1 5 ) I W P ri n te d o n Re c ycl e d Pa p e r

Copyright © 201 5 American Water Works Association. All Rights Reserved.