ANSWER SCHEME LECTURER’S COPY

TEST 3 CONFIDENTIAL
SK025
Chemistry 2
Semester 2
Session 2023/2024

CHEMISTRY UNIT
PAHANG MATRICULATION COLLEGE

ANSWER SCHEME
TEST 3
CHAPTER 1 - 12

© Unit Kimia, KMPh

NO. PART SCHEME MARKS
1 (a)(i) The reaction is first order because graph of ln [CH3NC] 1 M1
against time is linear.

Rate = k [CH3NC] 1 M2

From the slope of the graph,

y2 -y1
Rate constant, - k =
x2 -x1

-7.00 - (-4.51)
=
(14000 - 2000) s
1 M3
k = 2.08 x 10-4 s-1
100-20
(a)(ii) [CH3 NC]t = x 1.65 x 10-2 M = 0.0132 M
100

[CH3 NC]o
ln = kt @ 1 M4
[CH3 NC]𝑡

[1.65 x 10-2 M]o

ln = (2.08 x 10-4 s-1)t
[0.0132 M]𝑡

t = 1072.81 s 1 M5

(b)(i) k1 Ea 1 1
ln ( ) = ( - )
k2 R T2 T1 1 M6

1 Ea 1 1
ln ( ) = -1 -1
( - )
2 8.314 J mol K 300.62 K 295.65 K
Ea = 103056.37 J mol-1
= 103.06 kJ mol-1 1 M7
(b)(ii) Potential Ea - without catalyst
Energy (kJ) Ea’ - with catalyst
1 M8
(shape)
Ea reverse
1
Ea foward 2NO2 (g) + ½ O2 (g) (axes &label)
= 103.06 Ea’ M9
N2O5 (g) kJ mol-1 ΔH = +55.1 kJ mol-1

Reaction pathway

Ea reverse = Ea forward - ∆Hreaction = [103.06 – (+55.1)]

= 47.96 kJ mol-1 1 M10
TOTAL 10
2
2 (a) C(s) + O2(g) CO2(g) ∆H = - 393 kJ……..(i)
1
H2(g) + 2O2(g) H2O(g) ∆H = - 286 kJ…….(ii)
7
C2H6(g) + 2 O2(g) 2CO2(g)+ 3 H2O(g)
∆H = -1560 kJ…….(iii)

(i) x 2 2C(s)+ 2O2(g) 2CO2(g) ∆H1=2(-393 kJ)

3
(ii) x 3 3H2(g) + 2 O2(g) 3H2O(g) ∆H2=3(-286 kJ) 1 M1
7
Reverse (iii) 2CO2(g)+ 3H2O(g) C2H6(g) + 2O2(g)
∆H3 = +1560
2C(s) + 3H2(g) C2H6(g) ∆Hf = - 84 kJ 1 M2
(equation)
∆Hf = ∆H1 + ∆H2 + ∆H3 @
= - 84 kJ mol-1 1 M3

(b) q = mc∆T 1 M4
@
q
∆T =
mc
@
-51830J
∆T= =16.63 °C
(744.9 g)(4.184J g-1 °C-1 )
T2 -T1 =16.63 °C
T2 =76.77 °C 1 M5
(c)(i) ∆H1 = -601.6 kJ √
Mg(s) +1/2 O2 (g) MgO(s)
7√ -2M M6
∆H2 = +146 kJ√ 1
∆H5 = 2(+498.0)kJ√ 4-6√-1M M7
1-3√-0M

Mg(g) + O(g)

∆H3 = +737.7 kJ √ ∆H6 = -141.0 kJ√

Mg+(g) + O-(g) ∆H8

= -3795 kJ √
∆H4 = +1450.7 kJ √ ∆H7

Mg2+(g) + O2-(g)
1 1 M8
∆H1 = ∆H2 + ∆H3 + ∆H4 + 2(∆H5) + ∆H6 + ∆H7 + ∆H8 @
1
-601.6 = +146.0+ (+737.7) +(+1450.7) + (+498.0)
2
+ (-141) + ∆H7 kJ + (-3795) 1 M9
Second electron affinity of oxygen, ∆H7 = +751.3 kJ mol-1

3
 (c)(ii) Lattice energy of MgO is higher than CaO. 1 M10

The ionic size of Mg2+ ion is smaller than Ca2+ ion. Thus, 1 M11
nuclei of Mg2+ and O2- is closer than Ca2+ and O2-. Hence,
electrostatic forces of attraction @ ionic bond of MgO is
stronger than CaO. As a result, MgO released more lattice
energy than CaO.

TOTAL 11
MAXIMUM 10
3 (a)(i) Ag ˂ Ni ˂ Zn 1 M1
(a)(ii) 𝐸 𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 = 𝐸 𝑁𝑖 2+ / 𝑁𝑖 − 𝐸 𝑜 𝑍𝑛2+/ 𝑍𝑛
𝑜 𝑜

= −0.25 − (−0.76)
= +0.51 𝑉 1 M2

0.0592 [𝑍𝑛2+ ]
𝐸𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 = 𝐸 𝑜 𝑐𝑒𝑙𝑙 − log 1 M3
𝑛 [𝑁𝑖 2+ ]

0.0592 0.1
= 0.51 − 𝑙𝑜𝑔
2 3.00

= +𝟎. 𝟓𝟓 𝑽
1 M4
(b) At anode: 2H2O (l) O2(g) + 4H+(aq) + 4e- 1 M5

4 x 96500 C ≡ 1 mol O2
6800 C ≡ 1.762 x 10-2 mol O2 1 M6

At STP,

1 mol O2 ≡ 22.4 dm3

1.762 x 10-2 mol O2 ≡ 0.3946 dm3 1 M7

TOTAL 7
4 (a)(i) A: CH3 D: CH3 1+1 M1
&
M2

(a)(ii) B: CH3
Br
1 M3
(Structure +
explanation)
B is formed from the most stable tertiary free radical
when bromine substitute hydrogen of the highest class
(tertiary hydrogen) due to the selectivity of bromine.

4
 (a)(iii) CH3 CH3
KMnO4, OH - OH +
MnO 2 1 M4
OH
cold, dilute

Purple colour of KMnO4 solution decolourised and

brown precipitate formed. 1 M5

(b) H2C CH H2C CH

CN 1 M6
and (Both
structure)

TOTAL 6
5 (a) Step 1:

+
CH3Br + AlBr3 CH3 Br -
AlBr3
1 M1

Step 2:

+ CH3 Br+ -
AlBr3

1 M2
CH3 CH3 + CH3

H H H
+ +

Step 3:
+ CH3 CH3

H - + AlBr3 + HCl
+ Br AlBr3
1 M3
(b)(i) Benzyl chloride @ (chloromethyl)benzene 1 M4
(b)(ii) F: CH G: CH3
3
M5
1+1 &
Cl Cl M6
+
b(iii) S: KMnO4, H , heat 1 M7
TOTAL 7
6 (a)(i) Cl
CH3 1 M1

(a)(ii) dry ether

Cl + Mg MgCl 1 M2
CH3 CH3
5
 (b)
CH3 CH3
slow -
1 M3
CH3CH2CHCH2 Br CH3CH2CHCH2 + Br
+

CH3 CH3
1 M4
1,2-hydride shift CH3CH2CCH3
CH3CH2CHCH2
+ +

CH3 CH3
fast
CH3CH2CCH3 + H2O CH3CH2CCH3 1 M5
+
H O H
+

CH3 CH3
CH3CH2CCH3 + 1 M6
+ H2O CH3CH2CCH3 + H3 O
H O H OH
+

SN1 mechanism 1 M7

TOTAL 7
7 (a) B: MgBr

1 M1

O
D:

CH3

1 M2

E: O
CH3333
CH3
O
CH3 1 M3
CH3

(b)(i) F=
OH
OH OH
1 M4
CH3 @ @

CH3
CH3

6
 (b)(ii) G=
1 M5
OH

TOTAL 5
8 (a) Compound J

1 M1

Compound K

1 M2

Compound L

1 M3

Compound M

1 M4

Compound N

1 M5

7
 (b) Compound M

1 M6

Reagent

1 M7

TOTAL 7
9 (a) CH3CH2COOH < CH3CHClCOOH < CH3CHFCOOH 1 M1
- 2-fluoropropanoic acid and 2-chloropropanoic acid is
the more acidic because the presence of fluorine and
1 M2
chlorine which is electron withdrawing group (EWG)
that stabilized the carboxylate ion.
- 2-fluoropropanoic acid is more acidic than 2-
chloropropanoic acid due to the stronger inductive
effect by F which is more electronegative than Cl 1 M3

(b) dry ether reagent -1 M4

CH3CH2CH2Cl + Mg CH3CH2CH2MgCl
product-1 M5
i. CO2
CH3CH2CH2MgCl CH3CH2CH2COOH 1 M6
ii. H2O

alcohol
CH3CH2CH2Cl + KCN CH3CH2CH2CN reagent-1 M4
reflux
H3O+ product-1 M5
CH3CH2CH2CN CH3CH2CH2COOH
1 M6
(c) Compound Q : CH3CH2COOH (carboxylic acid) 1 M7
Compound R : CH3CH2CH2OH (1o alcohol) 1 M8
Compound S : CH3CH2COOCH2CH2CH3 (ester) 1 M9
(d)
1 M10

TOTAL 10

8
10 (a) Amphetamine is primary amine while 1 M1
methamphetamine is secondary amine. Primary amine
can form more hydrogen bonding with water
molecules than secondary amine. Therefore 1 M2
amphetamines is more soluble than
methamphetamine.
1 M3
(b) Chemical test : Hinsberg test 1 M4

1 M5

1 M6

1 M7
*correct both observation

@
Chemical test : Nitrous acids
1 M4

1 M5

1 M6

1 M7
*correct both observation

TOTAL 7

9
11 (a) Each M1
structure M2
-1

(b) Structure M3
-1

Label and
arrow - 1
M4

TOTAL 4
TOTAL MARKS 80

10