1

Environmental
Psychology
Enhancing our world
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Contents
Introduction ......................................... 3
Making a Difference ............................. 5
Organizations...................................... 7
Programs ............................................. 8
Key Environmental Psychologists ...... 10
References ......................................... 14
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individuals’ transactions with their buildings serve the needs of their

Introduction environments, and to use this users?” Answers to questions like
knowledge to influence policies that these have already had a significant
Environmental psychology is the help promote sustainable behavior impact on environmental behavior,
study of how we, as individuals and and create more liveable and green and are described later.
as part of groups, interact with our built environments.
physical settings—how we
experience and change the The field is psychological in that it A BIT OF HISTORY
environment, and how our behavior focuses on the thoughts, attitudes, Although EP is a relatively new
and experiences are changed by the and behaviors of individuals and small branch of science—only recognized
environment. In environmental groups in relation to their as a field since the late 1960s—some
psychology, “environment” includes environment. Among other things, of its ideas have been part of
both natural and built settings, that environmental psychologists examine psychological research almost since
is, natural resources, parks, homes, how our transactions with our work psychology’s inception. Its modern
workplaces, public spaces, from the environment are related to our roots can be traced back to the
personal scale to the room, building, satisfaction and productivity, how our middle of the 20th century, with the
neighborhood, urban, wilderness, and transactions with our home ideas of researchers such as Egon
global scales. environments are connected to our Brunswik (1903-1955) and Kurt Lewin
well-being, and how natural (1890-1947). Brunswik argued that
Environmental psychology (EP) is a environments promote mental psychologists should focus on an
relatively new field—about 50 years health. organism’s environment just as much
old now--that has grown rapidly in as the organism itself. Like Brunswik,
response to the declining health of Environmental psychologists ask such
Lewin viewed the environment as
the natural environment and the important questions such as, “What
essential for determining behavior.
need to design buildings that better prevents people from behaving in a
He also emphasized that research
reflect the needs of their users. One sustainable manner?” and “What can should be driven by real-world social
of its primary goals is to understand we do to encourage environmentally problems, and should strive to solve
friendly behavior?” and “How can these problems. His work inspired
others such as Roger Barker, Urie
Bronfenbrenner, and Robert Sommer,
Topics
some pioneers of EP.
 Ecological consequences of human actions
 Sustainability and climate change The late 1940s and 1950s experienced
 Psychological aspects of resource management an increase in research on
psychological processes and their
 Psychological and behavioral aspects of people and nature
relation with physical surroundings.
 Place attachment and place identity
These earlier studies focused largely
 Environmental risks and hazards: perception, behavior, and
on human interaction with the built
management
environment, and were categorized
 Personal and group-based perceptions and evaluations of buildings, as research in “architectural
and natural landscapes psychology.” The primary goal of
 Design and evaluation of workplaces, schools, homes, public many of these studies was to improve
buildings, and public spaces human well-being and satisfaction by
 Cognitive mapping, spatial cognition, and wayfinding designing or altering built
 Leisure and tourism behavior in relation to their physical settings environments.
 Stress related to physical settings
The 1960s was a time of increased
 Social space: crowding, privacy, territoriality, personal space societal awareness, when people
started becoming more concerned
 4

with the health of the natural world. HALLMARKS Journals

This time period witnessed rapid The Journal of Environmental Psychology and
EP encompasses an ever-
Environment and Behavior are international,
growth in EP. Researchers began to growing variety of topics. peer-reviewed academic journals with strong
study environmental issues, such as Today, the field is impact factors that focus on environmental
how human activity negatively characterized by a number of psychology.
influences the biophysical key goals and values.
environment, and how human- Some Key Publications
caused problems (such as noise and Environmental psychologists: Clayton, S. D. (Ed.) (2012). The Oxford
pollution) affect human health and handbook of environmental and
• Seek to improve our
well-being. Topics such as these soon conservation psychology. New York:
stewardship of natural Oxford University Press.
became an essential part of what resources and the built Fleury-Bahi, G., Pol, E., & Navarro, O. (Eds.).
environmental psychologists did. environment (2017). Handbook of environmental
psychology and quality of life research.
During the 1960s, the first EP • Study everyday settings
Springer International Publishing.
conference, journal, and PhD • Recognize that Gifford, R. (2014). Environmental psychology:
program were established, as well as individuals actively cope Principles and practice. (5th ed.)
the largest environment-behavior with, and shape, Colville WA: Optimal Books.
organization, the Environmental Gifford, R. (2014). Environmental Psychology
environments—they do
Matters. Annual Review of Psychology,
Design Research Association (EDRA). not passively respond to 65, 541–579.
Today, most large national and environmental forces Steg, L., Van den Berg, A. E., & de Groot , J. I.
international psychology • Work in conjunction with M. (Eds.) (2012). Environmental
organizations have a section or other disciplines psychology: An introduction. New
division devoted to EP. York: Wiley.
 5

Making a Difference
Environmental psychologists help to
improve the world in a variety of
ways. Sometimes this impact is
dramatic. Environmental
psychologists have helped to
influence the shape of cities, reduce
crime, and even save lives. Other
times, they influence the world in
more subtle ways, such as by making
hospitals more navigable, or making
national parks more pleasant. Next,
we celebrate a few of the ways that
EP changes the world for the better.

PROMOTING
SUSTAINABILITY
One of the most important
challenges that EP is helping to
overcome is to apply psychological
knowledge to help preserve the
natural environment. Many threats to
environmental sustainability are interventions which emphasize the ENVIRONMENTAL IDENTITY
caused by human behavior, and so personal benefits of caring for the AND NATURE
targeting human behavior is environment, such as lower electricity How individuals think about
paramount for protecting nature and bills. themselves can be an important
natural resources. predictor of pro-environmental
To add to the challenge, many
Among other activities, individuals rebound from their pro- behaviors. Those who identify as pro-
environmental psychologists identify environmental behaviors. For environmental tend to engage in
behaviors that can and should be example, people who reduce energy more pro-environmental behaviors
changed to improve environmental consumption in one area tend to (Whitmarsh & O’Neill, 2010).
quality, determine which factors compensate by increasing Environmental psychologists use this
affect these behaviors, and develop consumption in another (Otto, Kaiser, knowledge to help influence pro-
and evaluate interventions to change & Arnold, 2014). Environmental environmental actions, such as using
them. psychologists seek not only to alter marketing strategies that encourage
behavior, but to ensure this altered greener identity.
Most people have some concern for
behavior leads to real and lasting Emotional connection to the natural
the environment, and this concern
results. world is an important predictor of
stems in part from egoistic, altruistic,
and biospheric environmental values The above are just a few well-being and ecological behavior.
(e.g., Schultz, 2001). Knowing what developments in this area. See Steg By helping people develop bonds
individuals value helps environmental and Vlek (2009) for an in-depth with nature, environmental
psychologists develop intervention review on encouraging pro- psychologists promote sustainable
policies—if a person or group’s environmental behavior. behavior and overall well-being.
primary concern is egoistic, for
example, they can focus on
 6

RESTORATIVE influence the perceived safety and burning hotel (Kobes et al., 2009) or a
ENVIRONMENTS pleasantness of an environment, and smoky railway tunnel (Cosma,
Another key point of interest in EP is can lead to people being less Ronchi, & Nilsson, 2016). Wayfinding
the effects of urban and natural protective of these places. Because of research has also helped to develop
settings on people. A growing this, and because place attachment is head-mounted displays that can aid
number of environmental associated with environmental risk firefighter navigation in emergencies
psychologists specialize in restorative perception, place attachment is very (Wilson & Wright, 2009).
environments, places that help important for understanding pro-
people recover from day-to-day environmental behavior.
ENHANCING BUILDING
psychological overload. Nature walks, DESIGN
Place attachment can be a means of
for example, can lead to stress EP first started making its mark in the
influencing behavior in positive ways,
reduction, improved attention, and world of architecture. For decades,
for example by encouraging the use
decreased anger (Hartig, Evans, environmental psychologists have
of public spaces such as national
Jamner, Davis, & Gärling, 2003). This been working to improve buildings by
parks. Place attachment is also
research reveals the importance of relevant for disaster psychology, and focusing on the human element of
preserving accessible green areas, has been used to help understand and building design. Environmental
and has implications for how we mitigate the grief experienced by psychologists ask questions such as,
structure cities and homes. those forced to relocate. How do people find their way around
a building? What do building users
PLACE ATTACHMENT need and desire in a building? How
WAYFINDING
Place attachment is the bond can this knowledge be applied to
Knowledge of how people find their
between a person and a place. It is a modern architecture? Answers to
way in the built and natural
complex reciprocal association these questions have lead to more
environment has a wide range of
involving cognition, affect, and navigable hospitals (e.g., Carpman,
applications. For example,
behavior (Lewicka, 2011; Scannell & Grant, & Simmons, 1983-1984), to
psychologists have used this research
Gifford, 2010). classrooms that increase learning and
to help catch criminals (Canter &
participation (e.g., Sommer & Olsen,
With the rise of globalization and Larkin, 1993) and locate persons lost
1980; Wollin & Montagne, 1981), and
mobility, place attachment has in the wilderness (Heth & Cornell,
to decreased frustration in built
become of particular interest, as 1998). It has also been used to
settings (e.g., Wener & Kaminoff,
person-place bonds have become discover ways to more quickly
1983).
increasingly tenuous. This in turn can evacuate dangerous areas, such as a

CLASSIC RESEARCH HIGHLIGHTS

Robert Sommer’s book Personal

Not only does EP shape buildings, Space is one of the most influential Irwin Altman’s book The
neighborhoods, and parks, but it texts on user-centered design. It Environment and Social Behavior:
has even been used to design covers topics such as privacy and Privacy, Personal Space, Territory,
cities. For example, an urban spatial invasion, and how applying Crowding (1975) pioneered the
designer applied cognitive these principles to the co-operative recognition of the social aspects
mapping principles to the urban workplace can improve of environmental psychology,
design of Ciudad Guyana, a performance and well-being. how we use the space between
planned Venezuelan city that was Originally published in 1969, us, and how the environment
created to centrally amalgamate Personal Space remains highly influences our use of that space.
several existing small towns relevant to this day, and continues
(Appleyard, 1976). to be used in the design of shared
digital spaces.
 7

Environmental
Psychology
Organizations
The following organizations all play
important roles for environmental
psychologists, depending on their
specific interests and where they live.

IAAP DIVISION OF
not only through research the biannual International Conference
ENVIRONMENTAL
collaboration, but also through on Environmental Psychology.
PSYCHOLOGY
lobbying efforts that lead to policy
https://iaapsy.org/divisions/division4/
change.
ASSOCIATION POUR LA
This is the global-level home of RECHERCHE EN
environmental psychologists. It is APA DIVISION 34: PSYCHOLOGIE
part of the International Association ENVIRONMENTAL ENVIRONMENTALE
of Applied Psychology. POPULATION AND (ARPENV)
The purpose of Division 4 is to study
CONSERVATION http://arpenv.weebly.com/
people’s interactions with their www.apadivisions.org/division-34/
ARPEnv is the French association of
physical environments, and to use The home of environmental researchers, practitioners, and
this knowledge to improve our psychologists within the American teachers in environmental
physical settings. Division 4 invests in Psychological Association (APA). psychology.
EP knowledge about buildings, parks,
and the atmosphere, and strives to
ENVIRONMENTAL DESIGN CPA SECTION ON
reduce poverty, crime, climate
RESEARCH ASSOCIATION ENVIRONMENTAL
change, and other negative aspects
(EDRA) PSYCHOLOGY
of the built environment.
www.edra.org www.cpa.ca/aboutcpa/cpasections/en
vironmentalpsychology/
INTERNATIONAL EDRA is a large association of
ASSOCIATION FOR PEOPLE environmental psychologists and The home of environmental
AND THEIR SURROUNDINGS others who study and advocate for psychologists within the Canadian
(IAPS) environments that improve quality of Psychological Association.
www.iaps-association.org life. EDRA’s function is to advance
research that benefits both the built
MAN-ENVIRONMENT
Founded in 1981 in Europe, IAPS is and natural environments, and it has
the now the home of environmental
RELATIONS ASSOCIATION
been doing so since 1968.
psychologists from about 40
(MERA)
countries. It is an inter-disciplinary DGPS: FACHGRUPPE www.mera-web.jp
forum of scholars who come from a UMWELTPSYCHOLOGIE MERA is the home of environmental
variety of backgrounds, including http://fachgruppe- psychologists in Japan. It is affiliated
environmental psychology. Joined by umweltpsychologie.de/ with IAPS and EDRA; the three
a common interest in people’s organizations share core values and
interaction with the environment, the This section of The German
goals and also hold joint seminars.
primary goal of IAPS members is to Psychological Society (DGPs) hosts
improve quality of life. They do this
 8

lead to a more just and sustainable University of Victoria (Canada)

Graduate Programs environment. web.uvic.ca/~esplab/
in Environmental
University of Surrey (UK) UVic Psychology graduate students
Psychology surrey.ac.uk/postgraduate/environmen have the option of entering the
tal-psychology-msc-2018 Individualized Program in EP.
A growing number of universities Coursework is determined by the
offer formal or informal graduate The University of Surrey offers an
broad environmental psychology
programs in psychology MSc graduate program. It is one year
interests of students in consultation
departments, schools of architecture, long, consisting of eight classes and a
with their supervisor, Dr. Robert
and other departments. The following dissertation.
Gifford.
are some of the top EP programs The aim of the program is to provide
around the world, taken from the Humboldt State University
students with both theoretical and
American Psychological Association practical knowledge of EP. It (USA)
website (“Graduate Programs in emphasizes research that has humboldt.edu/programs/psychology
Environmental and Conservation practical benefits for policy and
Psychology,” 2017). Humboldt offers a two-year MA
planning.
program in Social and Environmental
Colorado State University Psychology. Students study human-
OFFICIAL PROGRAMS
(USA) environment interactions,
City University of New York environmental issues, and how to
psychology.colostate.edu/aps/
gc.cuny.edu/Page- positively influence others towards
Elements/Academics-Research- The Applied Social and Health addressing environmental concerns.
Centers-Initiatives/Doctoral- Psychology MA and PhD programs at Successful graduates are prepared for
Programs/Psychology/Training- CSU offer a concentration in EP. work in organizations that are
Areas/Environmental-Psychology Students learn methodologies and concerned with the environment, and
techniques for investigating such may also pursue PhD studies.
This five-year PhD program
topics as managing natural resources,
collaborates closely with the
promoting sustainable behaviour, and PROGRAMS WITH SOME EP
social/personality psychology
designing learning environments. The CONTENT
program and the human geography
program is flexible, and students can
program. The program’s goal is to Many other universities offer
take on seminars and research
increase practical knowledge that will programs with close ties to EP, such
projects that work towards individual
as ecotherapy, ecopsychology, and
career goals. human and social ecology. Here are
some of the strongest programs with
EP content.

USA
• Arizona State University
• California State University, San
Marcos
• College of the Atlantic, ME
• College of Wooster, OH
• Connecticut College
• Cornell University, NY
• Indiana University
• Lewis & Clark College, OR
 9

• Minnesota State University,

Mankato
• New York University
• Pennsylvania State University
• Prescott College, AZ
• University of Arizona
• University of California, Irvine
• University of California, Santa
Barbara
• University of Colorado, Denver
• University of Illinois
• University of Michigan
• University of New Hampshire
• University of Utah
• University of Wisconsin,
Milwaukee
• University of Wisconsin, Superior
• University of Washington

Worldwide
• Carleton University, Ontario
Canada)
• Lakehead University, Ontario
(Canada)
• Lund University of Technology
(Sweden)
• Universidad Nacional Autonoma
de Mexico (UNAM), Mexico City
• Royal Roads University, British
Columbia (Canada)
• Tallin University (Estonia)
• University of Barcelona (Spain)
• University of Melbourne
(Australia)
• University of New England
(Australia)
• University of Rome, La Sapienza
(Italy)
• York University, Ontario (Canada)
• Groningen University (The
Netherlands)
See also the universities of the key
researchers, in the next section.
 10

A Sampling of Key Susan Clayton, David Seamon,

College of Wooster Kansas State
Environmental [email protected] University
Psychologists Professor Clayton is [email protected]
interested in understanding and Professor Seamon studies the ways
Here we list a few of the many promoting a healthy relationship that the natural and built
experts in EP from around the world, between humans and nature. She environments contribute to human
according to country. Around the also studies how the environment well-being. His research includes
globe, about 1000 researchers shapes identity, and the perceptions human aspects of design as well as
identify partly or wholly as of justice within the context of environmental and architectural
environmental psychologists. Search environmental challenges. aesthetics. His most recent book is
the programs on the previous two LIFE TAKES PLACE (Routledge,
pages to find other experts.
Frances (Ming)
2018).
Kuo, University of
To find other environmental Carol Werner, University of
Illinois
psychologists who may be near you
[email protected] Utah
or have similar interests, check out
this global census: Professor Kuo’s research shows that [email protected]
web.uvic.ca/~epcensus/page1.html urban greening can reduce Professor Werner (emerita)
aggression, crime, and ADHD developed and evaluated education
symptoms. It also promotes self- campaigns for sustainable living. Her
USA
discipline and academic achievement work includes using cognitive
Barbara Brown, in children, as well as health across processing and normative influence
University of the lifespan. to increase mass transit use and
Utah recycling, and reduce energy
Daniel Montello, UC consumption and toxic product use.
[email protected]
Santa Barbara
Professor Brown’s research interests Robert Sommer,
[email protected]
include the linkages between the
Professor Montello
UC Davis
physical environment and human
studies navigation in built and natural [email protected]
behavior, with special focus on the
community design, health, environments, spatial learning and Professor Sommer is a pioneer in EP
sustainability and place attachment. development, the psychology of with influential research on the
maps and GIS, spatial aspects of learning environment as well as
Gary Evans, social behaviour, and other issues personal space. He continues to be a
Cornell University related to spatial and geographic consultant for the design of facilities,
cognition. such as hospitals and prisons.
[email protected]
Professor Evans Rachel Kaplan, Daniel Stokols, UC
researches how the physical
University of Irvine
environment affects health and well-
Michigan [email protected]
being among children, focusing on
environmental stressors, housing, [email protected] Professor Stokols'
learning environments, and the Professor Kaplan (emerita) has research emphasizes the health and
environment of poverty. He also does focused on understanding the role behavioral impacts of environmental
work on children’s environmental the environment plays in helping stressors, applications of
attitudes and behaviors. people become more reasonable, environmental design research to
effective, and psychologically urban planning, the environmental
healthy. psychology of the Internet, and the
 11

ecology of collaboration in cross- facility operations and the behaviour restorative effects of natural
disciplinary science teams. of staff and inmates. He has studied environments, including the use of
ways to reduce violence, vandalism, natural environments in healthcare.
Ann Devlin, and stress in correctional settings,
Connecticut and written about using this David Uzzell,
College information to support humane University of
[email protected] conditions in detention settings. Surrey
Professor Devlin specializes in the [email protected]
creation of more humanistic CANADA Professor Uzzell’s interests primarily
environments for healthcare, Robert Gifford, focus on public understandings of
including psychotherapy offices, and climate change, critical psychological
University of
also facilities that house the elderly. A approaches to changing consumption
Victoria
secondary research emphasis is way- and production practices,
finding. [email protected] environmental risk, and heritage
Professor Gifford and his lab interpretation and identity formation.
P. Wesley Schultz, members investigate a range of
California State topics within environmental
ITALY
University, San psychology, from climate change and
sustainability to architecture and Marino Bonaiuto,
Marcos
place attachment. He is a generalist University of Rome
[email protected]
within the field who also develops
[email protected]
Professor Schultz focuses on social measurement scales and general
marketing and behavior change. Professor Bonaiuto has researched
models.
Recent projects include studies on sustainability, place attachment, and
recycling, energy and water Jennifer Veitch, the environmental psychology of
conservation, the behavioral urban environments, including
National
dimensions of climate change, and perceived quality of neighbourhoods,
Research
cross-cultural research on among other things.
Council
environmental attitudes.
[email protected] Mirilia Bonnes,
Jeff Joireman, Dr. Veitch is a Principal Research University of
Washington State Officer at the National Research Rome
University Council of Canada. She researches [email protected]
[email protected] the effects of indoor environmental Professor Bonnes has authored
conditions, particularly lighting, on scientific publications on several
Professor Joiremam’s research topics
people's health, well-being, and topics of environmental psychology,
include reactions to repeated
performance. ranging from architectural
warnings about depleting resources,
and the association between psychology to psychology for
Christian orthodoxy and UNITED KINGDOM environmental sustainability issues.
environmentalism. He acts as Sabine Pahl, Giuseppe Carrus,
associate editor for the Journal of
Plymouth University of
Environmental Psychology.
University Rome
Richard Wener, [email protected]
[email protected]
New York University Professor Pahl researches behaviour
Professor Carrus’ research concerns
[email protected] change, particularly in the area of
the identity and well-being of people
Professor Wener studies the way protecting marine environments and
in relation to the environment, and
correctional architecture affects energy efficiency. She also examines
 12

the association between attitudes reduction), and is a research partner Joop de Boer, Vrije
and behavior in the fields of the for TRANSIT (social innovation), Universiteit
environment, health and nutrition. CONNECTING (nature-based
Amsterdam
solutions), and SMARTEES (energy
Fernando Fornara, transition and social innovation). [email protected]
University of Dr. de Boer has researched energy
Cagliari Bernardo conservation, environmental
Hernandez, stressors, and frame-based
[email protected]
University of La information tools on climate change.
Professor Fornara’s research includes
perceived quality of healthcare and Laguna
urban environments, psychometric [email protected] GERMANY
tools measuring lay evaluation of Professor Hernandez studies place Florian Kaiser,
design attributes, and normative attachment, place identity, Otto von Guericke
influence on proenvironmental environmental beliefs, and the
University
choices. relationship of these processes with
Magdeburg
sustainable behaviour and
FRANCE environmental crime. [email protected]
Christophe Professor Kaiser develops an attitude
Demarque, Aix- THE theory that explicitly involves the
NETHERLANDS context of people's behavior. Topics
Marseille University
Henk Staats, of interest include environment and
[email protected] climate protection and evidence-
Professor Demarque’s research
Leiden University
based policy support.
focuses on decision-making and [email protected]
motivation in the field of pro- Dr. Staats researches environmental Sebastian
environmental behavior, as well as preferences, psychological Bamberg,
the perception of environmental restoration, and the analysis and Bielefeld
issues. change of pro-environmental
University of Applied Sciences
behavior.
Liliane Rioux, Paris Nanterre [email protected]
University Linda Steg, Professor Bamberg researches
[email protected] University of sustainability, environmental
Groningen attitudes, and ways to promote pro-
Professor Rioux specializes in
environmental behaviour.
appropriation of workspaces, [email protected]
attachment to workplaces, comfort Professor Steg specializes in
at work, and pro-environmental understanding environmental DENMARK
behaviours at work. behaviour, the effects and John Thøgersen,
acceptability of strategies aimed at Aarhus University
SPAIN encouraging pro-environmental
[email protected]
behaviour, and how and why acting
Ricardo Garcia- Professor Thøgersen
pro-environmentally relates to
Mira, University of researches social and environmental
wellbeing.
A Coruña marketing, consumer and
environmental protection, and
[email protected]
environmentally responsible values,
Professor Garcia-Mira coordinates EU attitudes, and behaviour.
projects GLAMURS (sustainable
lifestyles) and LOCAW (carbon
 13

POLAND Maria change. For example, she studies

Maria Lewicka, attitudes, social norms, and habits to
Johansson,
help understand what prevents or
Nicolaus Lund University encourages people from behaving
Copernicus [email protected] pro-environmentally.
University in Toruń Professor Johansson’s research
Taciano Milfont,
[email protected] interests include travel mode choice,
effects of energy-efficient lighting,
Victoria
Professor Lewicka’s research areas
include psychology of human capturing perceived lighting qualities, University of
relationships with place of residence, human interaction with wildlife Wellington
place theories, place memory, and focusing on fear of large carnivores, [email protected]
behavior of people in urban and supported housing for people
Professor Milfont researches pro-
environments. with severe mental illness.
environmental attitudes, and how
they influence behavior, as well as
SWEDEN JAPAN policy-based research to promote
Patrik Sörqvist, Toru Ishikawa, ecological behavior, health, and
wellbeing.
University of University of
Gävle Tokyo
AUSTRALIA
[email protected] [email protected]
Joseph Reser,
Professor Sörqvist’s research Professor Ishikawa researches human
concerns both cognitive and social spatial cognition and behavior. He University of
perspectives on the psychology of the studies cognitive maps, wayfinding Queensland and
built and natural environment, with a and navigation, and spatial thinking. Griffith University
particular focus on people in the work
[email protected]
environment.
BRAZIL Professor Reser’s recent work focuses
Terry Hartig, Hartmut Gunther, on risk perceptions and psychological
Uppsala University University of adaptation responses to climate
change and other environmental
[email protected] Brasília
stressors, the design and evaluation
Professor Hartig [email protected] of institutional settings, and
studies restorative experiences in Professor Gunther’s work emphasizes psychosocial environmental impact
everyday settings, notably natural the association between human and assessment in natural environments.
settings and the home. This work urban development, the psychology
helps inform environmental design of transportation, ecological
and policy measures that promote Donald Hine,
behavior, and methodology in EP.
health and well-being. University of New
England
Tommy Gärling, NEW ZEALAND
[email protected]
University of Wokje
Professor Hine’s work focuses on
Gothenburg Abrahamse,
understanding and solving a range of
[email protected] Victoria University environmental problems related to
Professor Gärling conducts research of Wellington resource over-consumption, climate
on travel, such as sustainable travel [email protected] change, air pollution, and invasive
behaviour and how travel affects Professor Abrahamse focuses on the weeds and animals.
emotional well-being. human dimensions of environmental
 14

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