PHYSICS

1:Light :Reflection and Refraction

1 Draw the following diagram in your answer-book 7. To find the focal length of a concave mirror, Sita
and show the formation of image of the object, should choose which one of the following?
AB with the help of suitable rays. [2008]...(1M]
(2011] ..(1M)
(a) A mirror holder and screen holder
(b) Ascreen holder and a scale
B
(c) A mirror holder, a screen holder and a scale

(d) Asceen, a miTor, holders for them and a scale

2 Draw the given diagram in your answer book and By using a convex lens, astudent obtained a
complete it for the path of ray of light beyond the sharp image of his classroom window grill on a
lens. (2009] ..[1M) sCreen. In which direction should.he move the
lens to focus a distant tree instead of the grill?
T (2011, 2016, 2017] ..[1M]
2F 2F
(a) Towards the screen
3. Why does a ray of light bend when it travels from
one medium into another? [2009] ..(1M) (b) Away from the screen

4. Explain why a ray of light passing through the (c) Very far away from the screen
centre of curvature of a concave mirror gets (d) Behind the screen
reflected along the same path. [2010] ..(1M]
5 What is the nature of the image formed by a
9. To determine the focal length of a convex lens
concave mirror if the magnification produced by by obtaining a sharp image of a distant object,
the miror is +3? [2010] ...[1M] the following steps were suggested which are not
6 For a ray of light passing through a glass slab, in proper sequence. (2011, 2012] ..(1M]
the lateral displacement was correctly measured Hold the lens between the object and the
as: [2011] ...(1M] Screen.

I. Adjust the position of the lens to form a

sharp image.
IlI. Select a suitable distant object.
V. Measure the distance between the lens and
the screen.
R The correct sequence of steps to determine the
focal length of the lens is
(a) lI, I, II, IV
(a) AB (b) IlII, I, IV, I
(b) PQ
(c) IlI, IV, I, I
(c) CO
(d) I, I, , IV
(d) PR
Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005. r
 student12. A 11. 10.
Science 2
(d) (c) (b) (a) purpose?
thisfor beteacher
well window a (d) rand (Ze
c) Ziand(b)Zronl(yaZi
) Which
correctly? through
emergenceangles A (c) MI(a) I The tabulated
through While
focused student
Move Moveobjectthe Move object Move lit i correct
distant
remarked and angle of a tracing
the the the the on
obtained traces
rectangular No. Sr.
on Ze incidence
(Ze) =| his a
rporate or observation rectangular
observations
mirrorscreen screen screen the
object screen a the
angles as the 30° 40° 50° 60°
screen. that path
slightlyslighty a shown.
and and (preferably for usingsharp (Z), glass path
Office 20° 40° of
the have 28° 36° glass
the What getting of (d) V (b) | is as a
towards away [2012,
2013] îmage
concave a [2012,refraction slab a (2012, ray
mirror mirror..[1M] not 31° 51° 61° given
Aakash : ray 39°
should thebetter slab of
from of been and
Sun) ..[(1M]
2014] of 2013] below: light
Tower, the away towards miror. the
the beresults (Z)marks white a
screen should grills marked ...[1M] passing
student
mirror from done
8, the His and the light
Pusa a of

Road,
15. 14. 13.
New
Study (d) (c) (b) (a) device.
aboutthe the using
in (d)
(c) (b) (a) measurelengthobject Student To
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The cmThe
40 lengthcm cm
20The device the student A determine
F, 40The Mirror MirrorScreenCannot Chapter-wise
the figure.device a of on
device device device device between
distancethe the obtains
following is focussed and and a
40 If and be
'X given
screen. focal
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is is is -40cm the Previous
ray a is distance
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diagrams concave whiteimage
Years'
the determine of
lens lens of mirror of a
mirror 2015, correct screen of the concaveQuestions
a
the a
(2013] : of mirror of well
F, 2017] 'S
screen distant [2012)..(1M] he
focal of focal
radius statement as lit
of needs the (Class-X)
mirror
...[1M] length ..(1M] shownobject distant
focal
focal length from
of to a
Chapter-wise Previous Years' Questions (Class-X) Science 3

--...O-

IV.

The diagrams showing the correct path of the ray

after passing through the lens are
IV.
(a) Il and lIll only
b) landHt only
(c) I, Il and Il
(d) 1, Il and IV
16. Out of the five incident rays shown in the figure (a) I (b) |
find the three ray[ which are obeying the laws of (d) V
(c) lI
refraction and may be used for locating the 18. In an experiment to trace the path of aray of
position of the image formed by a convex lens: light through a glass prism for different values of
angle of incidence a student would find that the
[2013, 2014] ...[1M]
emergent ray : [2013] ..[1M]
(a) Is parallel to the incident ray
(b) Perpendicular to the incident ray
2F
4
(c) Is parallel to the refracted ray
2F,
(d) Bends at an angle to the direction of the
incident ray
19. A student has obtained an image of a well
a) 1, 2 and 3 illuminated distant object on a screen to
determine the focal length, F, of the given
(b) 2, 3 and 4 spherical mirror. The teacher then gave him
(c) 3, 4 and 5 another mirror of focal length, F,and asked him
(d) 1, 2 and 4
to obtain a focussed image of the same object
on the same screen. The student found that in
17. Select from the following the best set-up for order to focus the same object using the second
tracing the path of a ray of light through a mirror, he has to move the mirror away from the
rectangular glass slab: [2013]..[1M] screen. From this observation, it may be
concluded that both the spherical mirrors given to
the student were (select the correct option)
[2014] ...[1M]
(a) Concave and F, <F,
(b) Concave and F >F,
(c) Convex and F <F,
(d) Convex and F, > F,
Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005, Ph.011-47623456
 4 Science Chaoter-wise Previous Years' Questions (Class. Yi
20 A student is using a convex lens of
focal length 24. A 4cm tall object is placed on the principal axie
10 cm to study the image formation by a of a convex lens. The distance of the object frorm
convex
lens for the various positions of the object. In one the optical centre of the lens is 12 cm and ite
of his observations, he may observe sharp image is formed at a distance of 24 c
that when
the object is placed at a distance of 20 cm from from it on a screen on the other side of tho
the lens, its image is formed at
(select the lens. If the object is now moved a little away
correct option) from the lens, in which way (towards the lens or
(2014] ..[1M] away from the lens) will he have to move the
(a) 20 cm on the other side of the lens and is
screen to get a sharp image of the object on it
of the same size, real and erect.
again?
(b) 40 cm on the other side of the lens
and is How wil the magnification of the image be
magnified, real and inverted. affected? [2015] ..[1M)
(c) 20 cm on the other side of the 25. To determine the approximate value of the focal
lens and is
of the same size, real and length of a given concave mirror, you focus the
inverted.
(d) 20 cm on the other side of the
lens and is
image of a distant object formed by the mirror on
of the same size, virtual and ascreen. The image obtained on the screen, as
erect.
21. Draw a ray diagram to show the path of compared to the object is always.[2016] ...[1M)
the (a) Laterally inverted and diminished
reflected ray corresponding to an incident ray of
light parallel to the principal axis of a convex (b) Inverted and diminished
mirror and show the angle of incidence and angle (c) Erect and diminished
of reflection on it. [2015] .(1M] (d) Erect and highly diminished
22. A student traces the path of a ray of light through
arectangular glass slab for the different values of 26. Inyour laboratory you trace the path of light rays
through a glass slab for different values of angle
angle of incidence. He observes all possible of incidence () and in each case measure the
precautions at each step of the experiment. At values of the corresponding angle of refraction
the end of the experiment, on analyzing the (Z)and angle of emergence (e), On the basis
measurements, which of the following of your observations your correct conclusion is
conclusions is he likely to draw? [2016] ..(1M)
(2015] .(1M] (a) Zi is more than Zr, but nearly equal to Ze
(a) i = le < r (b) Zi is less than Zr, but nearly equal to e
(b) i - le < Lr (c) Zi is more than Ze, but nearly equal to Zr
(c) Zi> le > r (d) Zi is less than Ze, but nearly equal to Zr
(d) Zi= Le > Zr 27. An object is placed at a distance of 15 cm from
a concave lens of focal length 30 cm. List four
23. A student obtains a sharp image of the distant characteristic (nature, position, etc.) of the image
window (W of the school laboratory on the formed by the lens. [2017] ..[1M]
screen (S) using the given concave mirror (M) to 28. The laws of reflection hold true for
determine its focal length. Which of the following
distances should he measure to get the focal (2020] ...(1M)
length of the mirror? [2015] ..(1M] (a) Plane mirrors only
W (b) Concave mirors only
M
(c) Convex mirrors only
(d) All reflecting surfaces
29. When an object is kept within the focus of a
concave mirror, an enlarged image is formed
M
behind the mirror. This image is [(2020] ...[1M]
(a) MW (b) MS (a) Real (b) Inverted
(c) SW (d) MW - MS (c) Virtualand inverted (d) Virtual and erect
Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005, Ph.011-47623456
Chapter-wise Previous Years' Questions (Class-X) Science 5
a0 In which of the
used?
following is a concave mirror 33. A ray of light starting from air passes through
[2021] ..(1M] mediumA of refractive index 1.50, enters medium
(a) A solar cooker B of refractive index 1.33 and finally enters
(b) A rear view mirror in vehicles medium C of refractive index 2.42. If this ray
emerges out in air from C, then for which of the
(c) A safety mirror in shopping malls following pairs of media the bending of light is
(d) In viewing full size image of least? [2021] ...[1M]
distant tall
buildings (a) air-A (b) A-B
31. A student wants to obtain
magnified image of an (c) BC (d) Cair
object AB as on a screen. Which one of the
following arrangements shows the correct 34.
position of AB for him/her to be successful? ot
[2021] ..(1M]
M
A

B
(a) 2F.
For the diagram shown, according to the new
F, Cartesian sign convention the magnification of the
C.
image formed will have the following
specifications: [2021] ..[1M]
M (a) Sign - Positive, Value - Less than 1
A
(b) Sign - Positive, Value - More than 1
B
(b) (c) Sign - Negative, Value Less than 1
2F, F,
(d) Sign - Negative, Value - More than 1
35.
M A

(c)

N
A ray of light is incident as shown. f A, B and
M
C are three different transparent media, then
-which among the following options is true for the
(d)
B given diagram? [2021] ..[1M]
2F, (a)1> 24
C,
(b) Z1 < L2
32. The following diagram shows the use of an optical (c) 23 = 2
device to perform an experiment of light. As per (d) Z3 > 24
the arrangement shown, the optical device is
likely to be a [2021] ...[.1M] 36. If a lens can converge the sun rays at a point
20 cm away from its optical centre, the power of
this lens is [2021] ..(1M]
(a) +2 D
(b) -2 D
(a) Concave mirror (b) Concave lens (c) +5 D

(c) Convex mirror (d) Convex lens (d) -5 D

Corporate Office :Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005, Ph.011-47623456

 6 Science Chapter-wise Previous Years' Questions (Class.-X)
37. The radius of curvature of a converging mirror is 41. The refractive.index of medium A is 1.5 and that
30 cm. At what distance from the mirror should of medium B is 1.33. If the speed of light in air
an object be placed so as to obtain a virtual is 3 x 108 m/s, what is the speed of light in
image? [2021] ..[1M) medium A and B respectively? [2021] ..[1M)
(a) Infinity (a) 2 x 108 m/s and 1.33 x 108 m/s
(b) 30 cm (b) 1.33 x108 m/s and 2 x 10 m/s
(c) Between 15 cm and 30 cm (c) 2.25 x 108 m/s and 2 x 10 m/s
(d) Between 0 cm and 15 cm (d) 2 x 10 m/s and 2.25 x 108 m/s
38. A converging lens forms a three times
magnified 42. An object of height 4 cm is kept at a distance
image of an object, which can be taken on a of 30 cm from the pole of a diverging mirror. If
Screen. If the focal length of the lens is 30 cm, the focal length of the mirror is 10 cm, the height
then the distance of the object from the of the image formed is
lens is [2021] ..(1M)
[2021] .[1M] (a) +3.0 cm (b) +2.5 cm
(a) 55 cm (b) -50 cm (c) +1.0 cm (d) +0.75 cm
(c) 45 cm (d) 40 cm Case Study BasedQuestions (Q.43 to Q.46):
39.
A compound microscope is an instrument which
Object consists of two lenses L, and Ly. The lens L, called
objective, forms a real, inverted and magnified image
of the given object. This serves as the object for the
second lens L; the eye piece. The eye piece
functions like a simple microscope or magnifier. It
produces the final image, which is inverted with respect
to the original object, enlarged and virtual.
Which of the following statements is not true in 43. What types of lenses must be L, and L,?
reference to the diagram shown above?
[2021] ...[1M]
[2021] ...(1M] (a) Both concave
(a) Image formed is real (b) Both convex
(b) Image formed is enlarged (C) L - Concave and Ly - Convex
(c) Image is formed at a distance equal to (d) L - Convex and L, - Concave
double the focal length 44. What is the value and sign of
(d) Image formed is inverted
magnification
(according to the new Cartesian sign convention)
of the image formed by L,? [2021] ..(1M]
40. 1 n, (a) Value = Less than 1and Sign= Positive
(b) Value = More than 1 and Sign= Positive
2 n,
(c) Value = Less than 1 and Sign = Negative
(d) Value = More than 1 and Sign = Negative
3

45. What is the value and sign of (according to new

In the diagram shown above n,, n, and n, are Cartesian sign convention) magnification of the
refractive indices of the media 1, 2 and 3 image formed by L,? [2021] ..1M]
respectively. Which one of the following is true in (a) Value = Less than 1 and Sign= Positive
this case? [2021] ...[1M] (b) Value = More than 1 and Sign= Positive
(a) n, = n (b) n, >n (c) Value = Less than 1and Sign = Negative
(c) n, > ng (d) n, n, (d) Value = More than 1 and Sign = Negative
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Chapter-wise Previous Years' Questions (Class-X) Science 7
46. If power of the eyepiece (L,) is 5 dioptres and it 54. The refractive indices of glass and water with
forms an image at a distance of 80 cm from its 4
3
optical centre, at what distance should the object respect to air are and respectively. If
2 3
be?
(2021] ..(1M)
(a) 12 Cm speed of light in glass 2 x 10 m/s, find the
(b) 16 cm speed of light in water. (2016] ...(2M]
(c) 18 cm
55. If the image formed by a spherical mirror for al
(d) 20 cm
47 At what distance from a convex lens should an positions of the object placed in front of it is
object be placed to get an image of the same always erect and diminished, what type of mirror
size as that of the object on a screen? is it? Draw a labelled ray diagram to support
your answer. [2018] ...(2MJ
[2024]..[1M]
56. List four precautions which a siudent should
(a) Beyond twice the focal length of the lens
observe while determining the focal length of a
(b) At the principal focus of the lens
given convex lens by obtaining image of a
(c) At twice the focal length of the lens distant object on a screen. (2019] ...(2MIJ
(d) Between the optical centre of the lens and 57. An object is placed at a distance of 10 cm from
its principal focus aconvex mirror of focal length 15 cm. Find the
position of the image formed by the mirror.
48. Draw ray diagrams to represent the nature, [2024] ..[2M]
position and relative size of the image formed by
58. At what distance should an object be placed from
a convex lens for the object placed:
a convex lens of focal length 18 cm to obtain an
(a) at 2F. image at 24 cm from it on the other side. What
(b) Between F, and the optical centre Oof lens. will be magnifications produced in this case?
[2010] ..(3M)
[2008] ...(2M]
59. An object is placed between infinity and the pole
49. What is the minimum number of rays required for of aconvex mirror. Draw a ray diagram and also
locating the image formed by aconcave mirror for state the position, the relative size and the
an object? Draw a ray diagram to show the nature of the image formed. [2011] ...(3M]
formation of a virtual image by a concave mirror.
60. What is the principle of reversibility of light? Show
[2009] ..2M] that the incident ray of light is parallel to the
50. State any four characteristics of the image of the emergent ray of light when light falls obliquely on
objects formed by a plane mirror. [2011] ..(2M] a side of a rectangular glass slab.
51. List four properties of the image formed by a [2011, 2013] ...(3M]
concave mirror when an object is placed 61. State the type of mirror preferred as
between the focus and pole of the mirror. [2012, 2013] ..(3M]
[2012] ...2M]) () Rear view mirrors in vehicles
52. "Aconcave mirror of focal length 15 cm can form (ü) Shaving mirrors.
a magnified, erect as well as inverted image of Justify your answer giving two reasons in each
an object placed in front of it." Justify this case.

statement stating the position of the object with 62. The image of a candle flame placed at a
respect to the pole of the mirror in both the distance of 36 cm from a spherical lens is
cases for obtaining the images. [2014] ..(2M] formed on a screen placed at a distance of
72 cm from the lens. ldentify the type of lens and
53. An object of height 2.5 cm is placed at a calculate its focal length. If the height of the
distance of 15 cm from the optical centre '0 of flame is 2.5 cm, find the height of the image.
a convex lens of focal length 10 cm. Draw a ray
diagram to find the position and size of the [2012] .[3M)
63. A student wants to project the image of a candle
image formed. Mark optical 'O, principal focus F
and height of the image on the diagram. flame on a screen 90cm in front of a mirror by
keeping the flame at a distance of 15 cm from
[2016, 2018] ...(2M] its pole. [2014] ..[3M]
Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005, Ph.01147623456
 8 Science Chapter-wise Previous Years' Questions(Class-X)
(a) Suggest the type of mirror he should use 70. The power of a lens is +4 D. Find the focal
(b) Determine the linear magnification in this length of this lens. An object is placed at a
Case
distance of 50 cm from the optical centre of this
(c) Find the distance between the object and its lens. State the nature and magnification of the
image image formed by the lens and also draw a ray
(d) Draw ray diagram to show the image
formation in this case diagram to justify your answer. [2023] ..3M)
64. Draw a ray diagram to show the path of the 71. The ability of amedium to refract light is
refracted ray in each of the following cases: expressed in terms of its optical density. Optical
A ray of light incident on a concave lens is
density has a definite connotation. It is not the
(2014] ..[3M] same as mass density. On comparing two
() Passing through its optical centre.
(ii) Parallel to its principal axis. media, the one with the large refractive index is
(ii) Directed towards its principal focus. optically denser medium than the other. The other
65. An object of height 5 cm is placed perpendicular medium with a lower refractive index is optically
to the principal axis of a concave lens of focal rarer. Also the speed of light through agiven
length 10 cm. If the distance of the object from medium is inversely proportional to its optical
the optical centre of the lens is 20 cm, determine
the position, nature and size of the image formed density. (2023] ..(4M]
using the lens formula. () Determine the speed of light in diamond if
[2015] ...[3M] the refractive index of diamond with respect
66. The image formed by a spherical mirror is real, to vacuum is 2.42. Speed of light in vacuum
inverted and is of magnification -2. If the image is 3 x 10 m/s.
is at a distance of 30 cm from the mirror, where
is the object placed? Find the focal length of the (i) Refractive indices of glass, water and carbon
mirror. List two characteristics of the image
disulphide are 1.5, 1.33 and 1.62
formed if the object is moved 10 cm towards the
miTor. respectively. If a ray of light is incident in
[2016] ..[3M)
67. "A lens can form a magnified erect image as well these media at the same angle (say 0), then
as magnified inverted image of an object placed write the increasing order of the angle of
in front of it". State the nature of this lens and refraction in these media.
draw ray diagrams to justify the above statement.
Mark the positions of O, F and 2F in the (ii) (A) The speed of light in glass is 2x 108
diagram. m/s and in water is 2.25 x 10 m/s.
(2017] ..[3M] (a) Which one of the two is optically
68. State the laws of refraction of light. Explain the denser and why?
term 'absolute refractive of a medium' and write
an expression to relate it with the speed of light (b) A ray of light is incident normally at
in vacuum. [2018] ...[3M] the water-glass interface when it
69. (A) Define the following terms in the context of enters a thick glass container filled
a diverging mirror : [2023] ...(3M] with water. What will happen to the
() Principal focus path of the ray after entering the
(ü) Focal length glass? Give reason.
Draw a labelled ray diagram to illustrate your
OR
answer.
OR (i) (B) The absolute refractive indices of water
(B) An object of height 10 cm is placed 25 cm and glass are 4/3 and 3/2 respectively.
away from the optical centre of a converging If the speed of light in glass is 2 x 10°
lens of focal length 15 cm. Calculate the
m/s, find the speed of light in () vacuum
image-distance and height of the image
formed. and (i) water.

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 Chapter-wise Previous Years' Questions (Class-X) Science 9
72. Study the data given below showing the focal (b) A converging lens 'has focal length of
length of three concave mirrors A, B and C and 12cm. Calculate at what distance the object
the respective distances of objects placed in should be placed from the lens so that it
front of the mirrors:
[2024] ..(4M] forms an image at 48 cm on the other side
of the lens?
CaseMirror Focal Object
Length (cm) Distance (cm) 76. What is meant by pOwer of a lens? Define its SI
1 A 20 45 unit. You have two lenses A and B of focal
2 15
lengths +10 cm and -10 cm, respectively. State
30
3 30 the nature and power of each lens. Which of the
20 two lenses will form a virtual and magnified
(i) In which one of the above cases the mirror
image of an object placed 8 cm from the lens?
will form adiminished image of the object? Draw a ray diagram to justify youranswer.
Justify your anSwer.
(2015,2018] ..(5M]
(ü) List two properties of the image
formed in 77. One half of a convex lens of focal length, 10 cm
case 2.
is covered with a black paper. Can such alens
(i) (A) What is the nature and size of the produce an image of a complete object placed
image formed by mirror C? at a distance of 30 cm from the lens? Draw a
Draw ray diagram to justify your answer. ray diagram to justify your answer. A 4 cm tall
OR object is placed perpendicular to its principal
(ii) (B) An object is placed at a distance of 18 axis of a convex lens of focal length 20 cm. The
cm from the pole of a concave mirror of distance of the object from the lens is 15 cm.
focal length 12 cm. Find the position of Find the nature, position and the.size of the
the image formed in this case. image. (2015] ...(5M]
73. (a) Draw a ray diagram to show the formation of 78. It is desired to obtain an erect image of an
object, using concave mirror of focal length of
image of an object placed between infinity
and the optical centre of a concave lens. 12 cm.

(b) A concave lens of focal length 15 cm forms () What should be the range of distance of an
an image 10 cm from the lens. Calculate object placed in front of the mirror?
() The distance of the object from the lens. (i) Will the image be smaller or larger than the
(ü) The magnification for the image formed. object? Draw ray diagram to show the
formation of image in this case.
(ii) The nature of the image formed.
[2011] ..[5SM] (ii) Where will the image of this object be, if it
is placed 24 cm in front of the mirror? Draw
74. List the sign conventions for reflection of light by
spherical mirrors. Draw a diagram and apply ray diagram for this situation also justify
your answer.
these conventions in the determination of focal
length of a spherical mirror which forms a three Show the positions of pole, principal focus and
times magnified real image of an object placed the centre of curvature in the above ay diagrams.
16 cm in front of it. [2016] ...5M]
[2012] ...[5M] 79. (a) Define focal length of a divergent lens.
75. (a) Explain the following terms related to (b) Adivergent lens of focal length 30 cm forms
spherical lenses: (2014] ...[5M) the image of an object of size 6 cm on the
() Optical centre same side as the object at a distance of 15
(ü) Centres of curvature cm from its optical center. Use lens formula
(ii) Principal axis to determine the distance of the object from
(M) Aperture the lens and the size of the image formed.
(V) Principal focus (c) Drawa ray diagram to show the formation of
(i) Focal length image in the above situation. [2016]...(5M]
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 10 Science Chapter-wise Previous Years' Questions (Class-X)
80. Analyse the following observation table showing 82. An object is placed at adistance of 60 cm from
variation of image distance (v) with object a concave lens of focal length 30 cm.
distance (u) in case of convex lens and answer
the questions that follow without doing any [2019] ...[5M)
calculations: (a) Use lens formula to find the distance of the
Object Distance Image Distance image from the lens.
Sr. No.
u(cm) v (cm) (b) List four characteristics of the image (nature,
1 -100 +25 position, size, erectlinverted) formed by the
2 -60 +30 lens in this case.
3 -40 +40
-30 +60 (c) Dravw ray diagram to justify your answer of
5 -25 +100 part (b).
6 -15 +120
83. Draw a ray diagram in each of the following cases
(a) What is the focal length of the convex lens?
to show the formation of image, when the object
Give reason to justify your answer.
is placed: [2020] ..5M)
(b) Write the serial number of the
observation () Between optical centre and principal focus
which is not correct. On what basis have
you arrived at this conclusion? of a convex lens.

(c) Select an apprópriate scale and draw a ray (i) Anywhere in front of a concave lens.
diagram for the observation at S. No. 2. Also (ii) At 2F of a convex lens.
find the approximate value of magnification. State the signs and values of magnifications in
(2017] ...5M] the above mentioned cases (i) and (ü).
81. (a) If the image formed by a mirror for all
position of the object placed in front of it is 84.. An object 4.0 cm in 'size, is placed 25.0 cm in
always diminished, erect and virtual. State front of a concave mirror of focal length 15.0 cm.
the type of the mirror and also draw a ray (0) At what distance from the mirror should a
diagram to justify your answer. Write one
use of Such mirrors are put to and why. screen be placed in order to obtain a sharp
(b) Define the radius of curvature of spherical image?
mirrors. Find the nature and focal length of (ii) Find the size of the image.
a spherical mirror whose radius of curvature (ii) Drawa ray diagram to show the formation
is +24 cm. [2017] ..5MJ of image in this case. [2020] ..(5M)

2: Human Eye and Colourful World

1. Why does sky look blue on a clear day? (a) X, R and T (b) Y, Q and T
[2009] ..[1IMJ (c) X, Q and P (d) Y, Q and P
2 3. Study the following diagrams in which the path of
In the following diagram, the path of a ray of light
passing through a glass prism is shown: a ray of light passing through a glass prism as
traced by four students P, Q, Rand S is shown:
[2014] ...(1M]
[2014] ...1M]

P
R

In this diagram the angle of incidence, the angle The student who has traced the path correctly is
of emergence and the angle of deviation (a) p (b) Q
respectively are (select the correct option): (c) R (d) S
Corporate Office : Aakash Tower, 8, Pusa Road, New Delhi-110005, Ph.011-47623456
 Chapter-wise Previous Years' Questions (Class-X) Science 11
4. In the following ray diagram the correctly marked (c) Scattering of light takes place as Various
angles are: (2016) ...(1M] colours of white light travel with different
speed in ai.
(d) The fine particles in the atmospheric air
scatter the blue light more strongly than rod.
So the scattered blue light enters our eyos.
8. In the diagram given below, Xand y are the ond
colours of the spectrum of white light. The colour
of 'y reprosents the (2021] ..(1M]

(a) iand e
() A
and D White light
(c) i, e and D
(d) r, ZAand D
(a) Colour of sky as seen from earth during the
5. Study the following ray diagram:
day
(b) Colour of the sky as seen from the moon
(c) Colour used to paint the danger signals
(d) Colour of sun at the time of noon
9 In bifocal lenses used for the correction of
presbyopia: (2024] ...(1M]
(a) the upper portion is of convex lens for the
near vision and lower part is of concave lens
In this diagram, the angle of incidence, the angle for the distant vision.
of emergence and the angle of deviation (b) the upper portion is of convex lens for the
respectively have been represented by distant vision and lower part is of concave
[2017] ..[1M] lens for the near vision.
(a) y, p, Z (b) x, q, Z (c) the upper portion is of concave lens is for the
(c) P, y, Z (d) p, z, y near vision and lower part is of convex lens
6. Astudent very cautiously traces the path of a for the distant vision.
ray through a glass slab for diferent values of the (d) the upper portion is of concave lens for the
angle of incidence (Z). He then measures the distant vision and lower part is of convex
corresponding values of the angle of refraction lens for the near vision.
(Z)and the angle of emergence (Ze) for every 10. Assertion (A): The rainbow is a natural spectrum
value of the angle of incidence. On analysing of sunlight in the sky.
these measurement of angles, his conclusion Reason (R): Rainbow is formed in the sky when
WOuld be. [2017] ..1M) the sun is overhead and water droplets are also
(a) Zi> r> Ze present in air. [2024] ...[1M]
(b) i= le> r (a) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true
(c) Zi< Lr< le and Reason (R) is thè correct explanation of
(d) i= le < Lr Assertion (A).
7. Which of the following statements is not true for (b) Both Assertion (A) and Reason (R) are true
scattering of light? [2021] ...[(1M) but Reason (R) is not the correct explanation
(a) Colour of the scattered light depends on the of Assertion (A).
size of particles of the atmosphere (c) Assertion (A) is true, but Reason (R) is
(b) Red light is least scattered in the false.
atmosphere. (d) Assertion (A) is false, but Reason (R) is true.

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 12 Soene Chapter-wise Previous Years' Questions
11. In the fgure gìiven beiow a
narow beam of white OR
(Class-X)
ght is shown to pass through a
triangular glass
pnsm After passing through the prism B) The colour of clear sky from the earth
it produces
a sectrum XY on a appears blue but from the space it appears
screen.
(2010] ..2M) black. Why?
17. What is hypemetropia? State the two causes of
hypermetropia. With the help of ray diagrams
show :

(0 The eye- defect hypermetropia

(a) State the colour seen at X and Y.
(ü) Correction of hypermetropia by using a lens
(b) Why do different colours of white light
bend
through different angles with respect to the [2009] ..3M)
inoident beam of iight?
18. At what distance should an object be placed from
12. Draw a diagram to show dispersion of
white ight a convex lens of focal length 18 cm to obtain an
by aglass prism. What is the cause of this
dispersion? image at 24 cm from it on the other side. What
(2011] ..2M]
13. When we place a glass prism in the path of a will be magnification produced in this case?
narrow beam of white light, aspectrum is [2010] ..(3M]
obtained. What happens when a second 19. (a) What is meant by the power of acCommo
identical prism is placed in an inverted position dation of an eye?
with respect to the first prism? Draw a labelled
ray diagram to illustrate it. [2012] ..2M] (b) A person with amyopic eye cannot see
14. Write the function of each of the following parts objects beyond 1.2 m directly. What should
of human eye: be the type of the corrective lens used?
What would be its power? [2011] ..(3M])
0) Comea
20. A narrow beam PQ of white light is passing
(ü) Iris
through a glass prism ABC as shown in the
(ii) Crystaline lens
(N) Ciliary muscles diagram. [2014] ..[3M]
D
[2018] ..2M]
15. Define the term power of accommodation. Write
the modification in the curvature of the eye lens
which enables us to see the nearby objects
clearty. [2019] ..-2M)
16. (A) Observe the following diagram and answer
the questions following it : [2023]..12M) Trace it on your answer sheet and show the patn
of the enmergent beam as observed on the screen
DE.
>Retina () Write the name and cause of the
Light rays phenomenon observed.
Eye lens Eye bal
(ü) Where else in nature is this phenomenon
() ldentify the defect of vision shown. observed?
(ü) List its two causes. (ii) Based on this observation. state the
(üi) Name the type of lens used for the Conclusion which can be drawn about the
correction of this defect. constituents of white light.
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 Chapter-wise Previous Years' Questions (Class-X) Science 13
21. Write the importance of ciliary Differentiate between a glass slab and a glass
muscles in the
human eye. Name the defect of vision that aises 28.
prism. What happens when a narrow beam of (i)
due to gradual weakening of the ciliary
a monochromatic light, and (ii) white light
What types of lenses are required by themuscles. passes through (a) glass slab and (b) glass
person
suffering from this defect to see the objects
clearly? prism? [2020].. (3MIJ
29. Study the diagram given below and answer the
Akshay, sitting in the last row in his class, could
not see clearly the words written on the
questions that follow : [2024]. (3M]
blackboard. When the teacher noticed it, he
announced if any student sitting in the front row
could volunteer to exchange his seat with
Akshay. Salman immediately agreed to N N
exchange his seat with Akshay. He could now
see the words written on the blackboard clearly.
The teacher thought it fit to send the message (i) Name the defect of vision represented in the
to Akshay's parents advising them to get his diagram. Give reason for your answer.
eyesight checked. In the context of the above (iüi) List two causes of this defect.
event, answer the following questions:
(a) Which defect of vision is Akshay suffering (ii) With the help of a diagram show how this
defect.of vision is corrected.
from? Which type of lens is used to correct
this defect? 30. (a) Give reasons for the following:
(b) State the values displayed by the teacher (6) Colour of the clear sky is blue.
and Salman. (ü) We cannot see an object clearly if it is
(c) In your opinion, in what way can Akshay placed very close to the eyes.
express his gratitude towards the teacher (b) What is Presbyopia? Write two causes of
and Salman? [2015] ..[3M] this defect. [2008] ..4M)
22. Describe an activity to show that colours of white
light splitted by a glass prism can be 31. (a) What is meant bydispersion of white light?
recombined to get white light by another identical Describe the formation of rainbow in the sky
glass prism. Also draw ray diagram to show the with the help of a diagram.
recombination of the spectrum of white light. (b) What is hypermetropia? Draw ray diagrams
[2016] ...3M] to show the image formation of an object
23. What is "dispersion of white light"? Draw a by :
labelled diagram to illustrate the recombination of (0) Hypermetropic eye
the spectrum of white light. Why it-is essential
that the two prisms used for the purpose should (ü) Correction made with a suitable lens for
be identical and placed in an inverted position hypermetropic eye. [2008] .. (5M]
with respect to each other? [2017] ...[3M] 32. (a) A student suffering from myopia is not able
24. A student is unable to see clearly the words to see distinctly the object placed beyond
written on the blackboard placed at a distance of 5 m. List two possible reasons due to which
approximately 3 m from him. Name the defect of this defect of vision may have arisen. With
vision of the boy is suffering from. State the the help of ray diagrams explain
possible causes of this defect and explain the
() Why the student is unable to see
method of correcting it. [2018] ..[3M] distinctly the objects placed beyond
25. Trace the sequence of events which occur when 5 m. from his eyes.
abright light is focussed on your eyes. (Ü) The type of the corrective lens used to
[2019] ...[3M] restore proper vision and how this defect
26. What is a rainbow? Draw a labelled diagram to is corrected by the use of this lens.
show the formation of a rainbow. [2019] ...(3M] (b) If in this case, the numerical value of the
27. Why is Tyndall effect shown by colloidal focal length of the corrective lens is 5 m.
particles? State four instances of observing the Find the power of the lens as per the new
Tyndall effect. [2020]...[3M) Cartesian sign convention. [2017] ..(5M]
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 Chapler wisa Previous Yoan' Qusslons (Class-
14 Scence

3:Electrlclty
current () and
1 Out of 60 W and 40 W lamps, which one has a Plot a graph between potenual
higher electrical rosistance when in use? difference (V) and determine the resislance (R) of

What is the function of a

[2008)..(1M]
galvanometer in a
the resistor
(2018.(2M)
cicuit?
[2019) ..(1M) 10 While studying the dependence of potentiat
3 At the time of short circuit, the electric current difference( ) acrOSS aresistor on the currernt ()
in the circuit passing through it, in order to determine the
[2020]..(1M]
(a) vary continuoustly resistance of the resistor, a student tok
(b) does not change readings for different values of current and ploted
(c) reduces substantially a graph between Vand 1. He got a straight line
(d) increases heavily graph passing through the origin. What does the
4. Two bulbs of 100 W.and 40 W are connected in straight line signify? Write the method ot
senes. The current through the 100 W bulb is 1 determining resistance of the resistor using this
A. The current through the 40 W bulb will be: graph. (2019] .2M)
[2020] ..(1M) 11. What would you suggest to a student if while
(a) 0.4 A (b) 0.6 A performing an experiment he finds that the
(c) 0.8 A (d) 1A pointer needle of the arnmeter and voltrmeter do
5 Two LED bulbs of 12 W and 6 W are connected
not coincide with the zero marks on the scales
in series. If the current through 12 W bulb is 0.06
A the current through 6 W bulb will be: when circuit is open? No extra ammeterl
voltmeter is available in the laboratory.
[2023)..[1M)
(a) 0.04 A (b) 0.06 A [2019] ..12M)
(c) 0.08A (d) 0.12 A 12. Two lamps, one rated 60 W at 220 V and the
6 The resistance of a resistor is reduced to half of other 40 W at 220 V, are Connected in parallel
its initial value. If other parameters of the to the electric supply at 220 V. [2008] ..(3M]
electrical circuit remain unaltered, the amount of
(a) Draw a circuit diagram to show the
heat produced in the resistor willbecome: connections
[2023] ..[1M)
(a) Four times (b) Calculate the Current drawn frorn the electric
(b) Two times
(c) Hatf (d) One fourth supply.
7 Why are the coils of electric ioasters made of an (c) Calculate the total energy consumed by the
alloy rather than a pure metal? two lamps together when they operate for one
(2008] ..(2M] hour.
8 A piece of wire of resistance 20 S2 is drawn out 13. Two resistor, with resistances 5 2 and 10 2
so that its length is increased to twice its
original length. Calculate the resistance of the respectively are to be connected to a battery of
wire in the new situation. emf 6 V so as to obtain:

[2009] ..(2M] (a) HowW will you connect the resistances in each
9 The values of current (/) flowing through a given case?
resistor of resistance (R), for the corresponding () Minimum
values of potential difference (V) across the current flowing
resistor are as given below: (iüi) Maximum current fowing
V(volts) 0 10 1.5 20 25 3.0 50
(b) Calculate the strengthof the total current in
I(amperes) 0.1 02 03 0.4 05 06 0.8 10 the circuit in the two cases. (2009] ..(3M]

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Chapter-wise PreviOus Years Questions (ClaseI Scierne 15
14 (a) Write Joule's law of
heating 21 (a) What is the rnsarig f eletri omgt of a
(o) Two lamps, one
rated 100 W 220 V and
the other 60 W. 220 V.
are connected in (b) An lectric kotfie f 2 WW is uSed for 2t
paraliel to electric mains supply. Find Causats the tergy r di
current drawn by two buibs from the line,theif i) kilowatt hras, ard
the suppBy voBtage is 220 V
(2018] ..(3M) () joules (2022] ..(3M)
15 (a) List the factors on
which the resistance of a 22 Derive the eressn for tho heat prodres dus t
Conductor in the shape of a wire depends a urtent 7 floving for a tirne iriterval 'r thraugh a
(b) Why are metals go0d resistor 'R having atertial diference'Vas
conductors of
electricity whereas glass is a bad conductor it ends With wtirh rarne is, the relatior1 krun?
of electricity? Give reason. How nuch heat wil an irstrurrerit cf 12 WproA
in one rrinute if t is orinected to abattery of
(c) Why are alloys Commonly used in
electrical 12 V? [2010)..(5M]
heating devices? Grve reason. (2018]..(3M)
23. Explair with the help of a latelled arrst dagrarn
16. Show how would you join three
resistors, each how you vill find the resistance ofaorrbiriation
of resistance 9 S2 so that the equivalent of three resistor, of resistance R,, R, an R,
resistance of the Combination is [2018]...[3Mj joined in parallel. Also mention how yoU will
Connect the arnneter and the voltrneter in the
0) 13 Q () 6 2
circuit when measuring the urrent in the circut
17. (a) State the relation correlating the electric and the potential difference across one of the
Curent filowing in a conductor and the voltage three resistors of the cornbination [2010] ...[5M]
applied across it. Also draw a graph to show 24. (a) With the help of a suitable circuit diagrarn
this relationship. prove that the reciprocal of the equrvalerit
(b) Find the resistance of a conductor if the resistance of a group of resistances joined in
electric current flowing through it is 0.35 A parallel is equal to the surn of the reciprorals
when the potential difference across it is of the individual resistances.
1.4 V. [2020] ...3M] (b) In an electric circuit two resistors of 12 2
18. (a) Write the mathematical expression for each are joined in parallel to a 6V battery
Find the current drawn frorn the battery
Joule's law of heating.
[2019] ..(5M]
(b) Compute the heat generated while
transferring 96000 coulomb of charge in two 25. An electric lamp of resistance 20 2 and a
conductor of resistance 4 2 are connectedto a
hours through a potential difference of 40 V.
6V battery as shown in the circuit. Calculate
[2020]..3M] [2019] ..(5M)
19. (a) State Ohm's Law. Represent it mathematicaliy.
(b) Define 1ohm.
42
(c) What is the resistance of a conductor
through which a current of 0.5 A flows when
a potential difference of 2 V is applied
across its ends? [2022]..13M] K

20. (a) List the factors on which the resistance of a 6V

uniform cylindrical conductor of a given (a) The total resistance of the circuit,
material depends. (b) The current through the circuit,
(b) The resistance of a wire of 0.01 cm radius is (c) The potential difference across the
10 2. If the resistivity of the wire is (i) electric lamp and
50x 10 2 m, find the length of this wire. (i) conductor, and
[2022] ..(3M] (d) Power of the larmp.

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 16 Science Chapler-wise Previous Years' Quoalons
26. (0) How is electric 27. (A) () State whether the curreGnts
curent related to the potential difterence in all the bulbs will be and potentia
difference across the terminals of a different when in a cirCuit
conductor?
thrae bulbs of
(a) same wattage are (2024) (BNM)
connected
Draw a labelled circuit diagram to verify this series
(b) same wattage are
relationship.
() Why should an ammeter have low
parallel.
(c) different wattage are
connected in
(i) Two V- graphs Aand 8 for
resistance? series. conn6cled in
(d) different wattage are connected in
series and parallel.
parallel combinations of two resistors are as () Two identical resistors of 24 (2 6ach
shown. Giving reason state which graph connected to a battery of 6 V.
shows the ratio of the pOwer conSumed by the Calculato
resulting combinations with (a) minimun
(a) Series, resistance and (b) maximum resistance
OR
(b) Parallel combination of the resistors. (B) Draw a schematic diagram of a circuit
B consisting of a battery of six 2 Vcells, a 60
resistor, a 12 2 resistor and a 18 2 resistor
and a plug key all connected in serios
4
Calculate the following (when key is closed)
[2024] ..(5M)
(i) Electric current flowing in the circuit.
(ii) Potential difference acroSs 18 92 resistor
(iii) Electric power consumed in 18 0
(2023]..[5M] resistor.

4: Magnetic Effects of Electric Current

1 Why is a series arrangement not used for
connecting domestic electrical appliances in a
circuit? (2008] ..[1M] (a) Ne (b) N
2 Acharged particle enters at right angles into a
uniform magnetic field is shown. What should
be the nature-of charge on the particle if it
begins to move in a direction pointing vertically
out of the page due to its interaction with the
magnetic field? (2010] ..[1M] (d) Ne

5 An alpha particle enters a uniform magnetic tield

as shown. The direction of force experienced by
Magnetic the alpha particle is: (2023] ..(1M]
field

Charged Particle Magnetic field

3 What is the function of a galvanometer in a
circuit? [2019] .(1M]
4 The correct pattern of magnetic field lines of the -particle
field produced by a current carrying circular loop (a) Towards right (b) Towards left
is: [2023] .[IM] (c) Into the page (d) Out of the page
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Chapter-wise Previous Years' Questions (Class-X) Science 17
6 A:A current carrying straight
experiences a force when placed
conductor () Maximum :
perpendicular to the direction of magnetic (ü) Minimum ?
field.
[2023)..(1M] 11. () Two magnetic field lines do not intersect
R: The net charge on a current each other. Why?
carrying
conductor is always zero.
(i) How is a uniform magnetic field in a given
(a) Both (A) and (R) are true and (R) is the region represented?
correct explanation of (A)
Draw a diagram in support of your answer.
(b) Both (A) and (R) are true but (R) is not the
correct explanation of (A) [2024]..2M]
(c) (A) is true but (R) is false 12. Draw the pattern of the magnetic field lines due
(d) (A) is false but (R) is true to a straight current carrying conductor indicating
7. the direction of current in the conductor and the
State Fleming's left hand rule. (2018] .(1M]
8 direction of the corresponding magnetic field
The patten of the magnetic field produced inside (2024] ...2M]
lines.
a current carrying solenoid is: [2024] ..[1M]
13. (a) Distinguish between the terms 'overloading'
and 'short-circuiting' as used in domestic
circuits.
a (b)
(b) Why are the coils of electric toasters made
of any alloy rather than a pure metal?
[2008] ...[3M]
(C (d) 14. (A) () Why is.an alternating current (A.C.)
conisidered to be advantageous over
9 direct curent (D.C.) for the long distance
What is meant by the term, magnetic field'? transmission of electric power?
Why does acompass needle show deflection
when brought near a bar magnet? (2008] ...2M) (ü) How is the type of current used in
10. (a) Name the poles P, Q, R and S of the household supply different from the one
magnets in the following figures 'a' and 'b': given by a battery of dry cells?
(ii) How does an electric fuse prevent the

Q" Figure 'a' electric circuit and the appliances from a

possible damage due to short circuiting
or overioading. (2023] ...3M]
OR

Re Figure 'b' (B) For the current carrying solenoid as shown,

draw magnetic field lines and give reason to
(b) State the inference drawn about the direction explain that out of the three points A, B and
C, at which point the field strength is
of the magnetic field lines on the basis of
maximum and at which point it is minimum?
these diagrams. [2022] ..(2M]
OR

When is the force experienced by a current -

carrying straight conductor placed in auniform
magnetic field (2022] ..12M)
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 18 Science Chapter-wise Previous Years' Questions
15. Name and state the
rule to OR
(Class-X)
determine the
direction of a Draw the pattern of magnetic field linee
[(2024)..3M]
() magnetic field produced produced around a current carryina
around a current
carrying straight conductor. straight conductor held vertically on a
(ii) force experienced by a horizontal cardb0ard. Indicate the
current carrying direction of the field lines as well as the
straight conductor placed in a magnetic field direction of current flowing through the
which is perpendicular to it.
conductor.
16. Case Stucy Based
Questions 17. (a) What is a magnetic field? How can the
Astudent was asked to
perform an experiment direction of magnetic field lines at a place be
to study the force on a determined?
current carrying
conductor in a magnetic field. He took a small (b) State the rule for the direction of the
aluminium rod AB, a strong horse shoe magnet, magnetic field produced around a current
some connecting wires, a battery and a switch carrying conductor. Draw sketch of the
and connected them as shown. He
observed that pattern of field lines due to a current flowing
on passing current, the rod gets
displaced. On through a straight conductor. [2009] ...[5M]
reversing the direction of curent, the irection of 18. (a) What is a solenoid? Draw a sketch of the
displacement also gets reversed. On the basis pattern of field lines of the magnetic field
of your understanding of this
phenomenon, through and around a current carrying
answer the following questions: (2022] ...[4M] solenoid.
(b) Consider a circular loop of wire lying in the
plane of the table. Let the current pass
through the loop clockwise. Apply the right
hand rule to find out the direction of the
magnetic field inside and outside the loop.
NZ
[2009, 2010] ...[5M]
19. What is a solenoid? Draw the
K pattern of
magnetic field lines of [2019] ..5M)
(a) Why does the rod get displaced on passing () A
current carrying solenoid and

current through it? (ii) Abar magnet.

List two distinguishing features between the two
(b) State the rule that determines the direction
fields.
of the force on the conductor AB.
20. (a) What is an electromagnet? List any two
(c) (Ö) If the Ushaped. magnet is held vertically
Uses.
and the aluminium rod is suspended
(b) Draw a labelled diagram to show how an
horizontaly with its end B towards due
electromagnet is made.
north, then on passing current through
(C) State the purpose of soft iron core used in
the rod from B to Aas shown, which
making an electromagnet.
direction will the rod be displaced?
(d) List two ways of increasing the strength of an
(ü) Name any two devices that use current
electromagnet if the- material of the
carrying conductors and magnetic field. electromagnet is fixed. (2020] ...[5M)
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