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 Preface
Greetings, Smart aspirants!

This is your Smart sir I am excited to present this essential note, designed to be your
concise and effective companion for UPSC CSE preparation. This note addresses key
challenges like what to study, relevant news, topic depth, and linking static with
current affairs.

Inside, you'll find case studies, value-added points, and extra examples—all crafted to
offer short, crisp, and actionable solutions. The RRRR (Read, Recall, Revise, Rerevise)
practice included will help you remember everything efficiently. Just follow the
instructions for optimal results.

We wish you all the best in your preparation and hope this note supports you in
achieving your goals.

“This note is lovingly dedicated to my parents

All the best!

Copyright @smartaspirants © 2024

All rights reserved.

No part of this book may be reproduced by any mechanical, photographic, or electronic

process, or in the form of a phonographic recording; nor may it be stored in a retrieval
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permission of the publisher. The intent of the author is only to offer information of a
general nature to help you

understand disaster management concepts at a high level. In the event you use any of
the information in this book for yourself, the author and the pubisher assume no
responsibility for your actions.
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Contents

HOW TOPPERS USE THIS........................................................................................................ 9

SCHEME USED BY PM,PRESIDENT ,VP .................................................................................. 12

Prime Minister’s Speeches: .............................................................................................................................. 12
President’s Speeches: ....................................................................................................................................... 13
Vice President’s Speeches: ............................................................................................................................... 13

ART AND CULTURE AND TOURISM ....................................................................................... 13

SOCIETY AND SOCIAL JUSTICE .............................................................................................. 14

WOMEN......................................................................................................................................................... 14

POPULATION ................................................................................................................................................. 14

Urbanisation .................................................................................................................................................. 15

Social Empowerment (Vulnerable Section) .................................................................................................... 15

Tribals/Scheduled Tribes ............................................................................................................................... 15

Scheduled Castes ........................................................................................................................................... 16

OBCs .............................................................................................................................................................. 16

Old Age: ......................................................................................................................................................... 16

Disabled People: ............................................................................................................................................ 16

miscellaneous schemes:................................................................................................................................. 17

Education....................................................................................................................................................... 17

POLITY AND GOVERNANCE .................................................................................................. 18

NGO,SHG,Various Groups .............................................................................................................................. 18

Governance ................................................................................................................................................... 18
Indian Diaspora ................................................................................................................................................. 18
Panchayati Raj .................................................................................................................................................. 18
Judiciary ............................................................................................................................................................ 19
Economy ........................................................................................................................................................... 19
Employment ..................................................................................................................................................... 19
Rural Development ........................................................................................................................................... 19

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AGRICULTURE...................................................................................................................... 19
Mnemonic: "FARM K-PINE" .............................................................................................................................. 19
Farmer Support (Subsidy, Income Support etc.) .............................................................................................. 20
Industrial Policy, Liberalisation ......................................................................................................................... 20
Infrastructure: Energy, Roads, Ports, Airports, Railways .................................................................................. 20

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY ................................................................................................ 20

National Supercomputing Mission ................................................................................................................... 20
Mission on Nano Science and Technology ....................................................................................................... 20
BHUVAN Portal ................................................................................................................................................. 21
PRITHVI Vigyan (PRITHVI) Scheme .................................................................................................................... 21
India’s National AI Strategy .............................................................................................................................. 21
INSPIRE (Innovation in Science Pursuit for Inspired Research) ........................................................................ 21

ENVIRONMENT.................................................................................................................... 21
National Action Plan on Climate Change .......................................................................................................... 21
Electric Mobility Promotion Scheme 2024 (EMPS 2024) .................................................................................. 22
Carbon Credit Trading Scheme ......................................................................................................................... 22
PM-PRANAM..................................................................................................................................................... 22
National Clean Air Programme (NCAP) ............................................................................................................. 22

DISASTER MANAGEMENT .................................................................................................... 22

INTERNAL SECURITY ............................................................................................................ 22

SCHEME IN DETAILED .......................................................................................................... 23

Digital India ....................................................................................................................................................... 23
National Supercomputing Mission (NSM) ........................................................................................................ 23
National Action Plan on Climate Change (NAPCC)............................................................................................ 23
Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (PMJDY) ....................................................................................................... 23
Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana (PMMY) ......................................................................................................... 23
Pradhan Mantri Matsya Sampada Yojana (PMMSY) ........................................................................................ 24
Pradhan Mantri Formalisation of Micro Food Processing Enterprises (PMFME) ............................................. 24
Ayushman Bharat – Pradhan Mantri Jan Arogya Yojana (AB-PMJAY) .............................................................. 24
National Health Mission (NHM) ........................................................................................................................ 25
Electric Mobility Promotion Scheme 2024 (EMPS 2024) .................................................................................. 26
National Urban Livelihoods Mission (DAY-NULM) ............................................................................................ 27
PM-SVANIDHI: Promoting Inclusive Entrepreneurship .................................................................................... 27
Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (PMAY) .............................................................................................................. 28
Jal Jeevan Mission (JJM) ................................................................................................................................... 28
Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana (PMKSY) ........................................................................................... 29
PM Vishwakarma Scheme ................................................................................................................................ 30
Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maan-Dhan (PM-SYM) Scheme ........................................................................... 30
Micro and Small Enterprises – Cluster Development Programme (MSE-CDP) ................................................. 30
PM VIKAS Scheme ............................................................................................................................................. 31
PM-KUSUM ....................................................................................................................................................... 31

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National Programme for Civil Services Capacity Building (NPCSCB) – Mission Karmayogi .............................. 32
Sagarmala Programme ..................................................................................................................................... 32
Bharatmala Pariyojana ..................................................................................................................................... 33
MGNREGA ......................................................................................................................................................... 34
Mission Shakti Scheme ..................................................................................................................................... 34
Beti Bachao Beti Padhao (BBBP) ....................................................................................................................... 35
MISSION POSHAN 2.0 ....................................................................................................................................... 35
MISSION VATSALYA .......................................................................................................................................... 36
PM GATI SHAKTI ............................................................................................................................................... 37
PRADHAN MANTRI KISAN SAMMAN NIDHI (PM-KISAN) .................................................................................. 37
Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY) .................................................................................................... 38
National Mission on Edible Oils - Oil Palm (NMEO-OP) .................................................................................... 39
National AYUSH Mission ................................................................................................................................... 39
Nutrient Based Subsidy (NBS) Scheme ............................................................................................................. 40
Startup India & Standup India .......................................................................................................................... 40
National Food Security Act (NFSA), 2013 ......................................................................................................... 41
Samagra Shiksha ............................................................................................................................................... 41
Pradhan Mantri Uchchatar Shiksha Abhiyan (PM-USHA) ................................................................................. 41
Blue Revolution................................................................................................................................................. 42
Pradhan Mantri Kisan Sampada Yojana ............................................................................................................ 42
National Education Policy 2020 ........................................................................................................................ 43
Foreign Trade Policy 2023 ................................................................................................................................ 43
Agriculture Export Policy 2018 ......................................................................................................................... 43
National Geospatial Policy 2022 ....................................................................................................................... 43
National Logistics Policy (NLP) 2022 ................................................................................................................. 44

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How toppers use this

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Scheme FROME SPEECH by PM,PRESIDENT ,VP

PRIME MINISTER’S SPEECHES:

1. Ease of Living Mission (Urban Living Conditions)

2. Revival of Nalanda Spirit (Educational and Cultural Revitalization)
3. Made in India Chip-Semiconductor Production (Semiconductor Manufacturing)
4. Skill India (Skill Development and Training)
5. Hub of Industrial Manufacturing (Industrial Manufacturing Expansion)
6. Design in India, Design for the World (Design and Innovation)
7. Leader in Global Gaming Market (Gaming and Entertainment Industry)
8. Green Jobs and Green Hydrogen Mission (Sustainable Employment and Energy)
9. Swasth Bharat Mission (Public Health Improvement)
10. State-level Investment Competition (Investment and Economic Development)
11. Vishwakarma Kaushal Samman Yojana (Artisans and Craftsmanship Support)
12. Jan Aushadhi Kendra (Affordable Medicine Distribution)
13. Lakhpati Didis (Women Entrepreneurship Support)
14. New Policy for Agri-Tech (Agricultural Technology Development)
15. Scheme for Middle-Class to Own Home (Affordable Housing Solutions)
16. Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (Financial Inclusion)
17. Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Sanitation and Cleanliness)
18. Make in India (Manufacturing and Investment)
19. Digital India (Digital Infrastructure Development)

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20. Startup India (Entrepreneurship and Innovation)
21. Ayushman Bharat (Health Insurance for All)
22. Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Affordable Housing)
23. Atmanirbhar Bharat (Self-Reliance and Economic Growth)
24. Gati Shakti National Master Plan (Infrastructure and Connectivity)
25. Vishwakarma Kaushal Samman Yojana (Artisans and Craftsmanship Support)

PRESIDENT’S SPEECHES:

1. Pradhan Mantri Jan Dhan Yojana (Financial Inclusion)

2. Swachh Bharat Abhiyan (Sanitation and Cleanliness)
3. Beti Bachao Beti Padhao (Gender Equality and Empowerment)
4. Digital India (Digital Infrastructure Development)
5. Skill India (Skill Development and Training)
6. Ayushman Bharat (Health Insurance for All)
7. Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana (Affordable Housing)
8. Atmanirbhar Bharat (Self-Reliance and Economic Growth)
9. Jal Jeevan Mission (Water Supply and Sanitation)
10. PM-KISAN (Farmer Income Support)

VICE PRESIDENT’S SPEECHES:

1. National Education Policy (NEP) 2020 (Educational Reform and Innovation)

2. Mission Indradhanush (Immunization and Public Health)
3. Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (Crop Insurance)
4. Ujjwala Yojana (Clean Cooking Fuel Access)
5. Saubhagya Scheme (Universal Electrification)
6. PM Garib Kalyan Yojana (Welfare for the Poor)
7. National Digital Health Mission (Digital Health Records)
8. PM SVANidhi Scheme (Street Vendor Support)
9. National Nutrition Mission (Nutritional Improvement)
10. PM Gati Shakti (Infrastructure and Connectivity)

ART AND CULTURE AND TOURISM

MNEMONIC - "I Think People Help"

• I – Intangible (Safeguarding the Intangible Cultural Heritage)

• T – Tourism (Swadesh Darshan Scheme)
• P – Pilgrimage (Prashad Scheme)
• H – Heritage (Adopt a Heritage)

• Safeguarding the Intangible Cultural Heritage(Aim: Raise awareness and ensure

protection of India's intangible cultural heritage.)

• Swadesh Darshan Scheme(Aim: Develop integrated tourism destinations with a focus on

sustainability.)

• Prashad Scheme(Aim: Develop pilgrimage sites to boost religious tourism.)

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• Adopt a Heritage (‘Apni Dharohar, Apni Pehchaan’)(Aim: Engage stakeholders to
develop tourist amenities at heritage sites under CSR.)

SOCIETY AND SOCIAL JUSTICE

WOMEN

MNEMONIC - "SPV SMSB"

• S – Shakti (Mission Shakti)

• P – Poshan (Mission Poshan 2.0)
• V – Vatsalya (Mission Vatsalya)
• S – Swabhiman (Stree Swabhiman)
• M – Mahila (Mahila E-Haat)
• S – Suposhit (Suposhit Maa Abhiyan)
• B – Beti (Beti Bachao Beti Padhao)

• Mission Shakti(Aim: Empower and protect women through integrated services.)

• Mission Poshan 2.0(Aim- Strengthen nutritional content, delivery, and outreach for
women and children.)

• Mission Vatsalya (Aim: Promote child protection and welfare.)

• Stree Swabhiman(Aim: Provide affordable sanitary products through women-run CSCs.)

• Mahila E-Haat(Aim: Offer an e-platform for women to sell products and services.)

• Suposhit Maa Abhiyan(Aim: Ensure health of pregnant women and newborns with
nutrition kits and medical check-ups.)

• Beti Bachao Beti Padhao(Aim: Improve the perception, sex ratio, and education of girl
children.)

POPULATION

MNEMONIC - "Popular Family Plans Need More Care"

• Popular – National Population Policy, 2000 (Aim: Stabilize population by 2045 with
improved healthcare and reduced TFR)
• Family – National Family Planning Program (Aim: Provide family planning
services and incentives)
• Plans – Postpartum IUCD Scheme (Aim: Offer PPIUCD services post-delivery)

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• Need – National Family Planning Indemnity Scheme (Aim: Provide compensation
for sterilisation complications)
• More – Mission ParivarVikas (Aim: Increase access to family planning in high-
focus states)
• Care – Clinical Outreach Teams (Aim: Provide family planning services in remote
areas)

Urbanisation

"No Problem Now At Smart Cities Successfully"**

• N – National Urban Livelihoods Mission (Enhance urban livelihoods)

• P – Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana – Urban (Affordable housing)
• N – NERUDP(North Eastern Region Urban Development Programme ) (Improve infrastructure
in North Eastern cities)
• A – AMRUT (Develop basic urban infrastructure)
• S – Smart Cities (Comprehensive urban development)
• C – City Investments To Innovate, Integrate and SustainCITIIS 2.0 (Innovative urban
projects)
• S – Swachh Bharat Mission 2.0 (Cleanliness and Garbage Free Cities)

Social Empowerment (Vulnerable Section)

Tribals/Scheduled Tribes

Mnemonic - "Every Jolly Villager Aims To Allow Silly Snakes Everywhere"

• E – Eklavya Model Residential Schools (EMRS): Educate ST students in remote

areas.
• J – Pradhan Mantri Janjati Adivasi Nyaya Maha Abhiyan (PM JANMAN): Just
develop Particularly Vulnerable Tribal Groups (PVTGs).
• V – Pradhan Mantri Vanbandhu Vikas Yojana: Venture capital for ST youth start-
ups.
• A – Pradhan Mantri Jan Jatiya Vikas Mission: Aid tribal products with MSP and
marketing.
• T – TRIFED (Tribal Cooperative Marketing Development Federation of India):
Trade tribal products and support livelihoods.
• A – Pradhan Mantri Adi Adarsh Gram Yojana (PMAAGY): Arrange
infrastructure in tribal villages.
• S – Sickle Cell Anaemia Elimination Mission: Stop SCD with screening and better
care.
• S – Support to Tribal Research Institute (TRI) Scheme: Study and support tribal
research.
• E – Scheme for Economic Empowerment of DNTs (SEED): Empower DNTs with
coaching and aid.

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Scheduled Castes

Mnemonic "Please Save My Soul, Please Never State!"**

• P – Protection of Civil Rights Act, 1955: Prevents untouchability and related

disabilities.
• S – Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes (Prevention of Atrocities) Act, 1989:
Stops and punishes atrocities against SCs and STs.
• M – Prohibition of Employment as Manual Scavengers and their Rehabilitation
Act, 2013 (MS Act, 2013): Ends manual scavenging and supports rehabilitation.
• S – Scheme For Residential Education For Students in High Schools in Targeted
Areas (SHRESHTA): Expands education in SC-dominant areas.
• P – Pradhan Mantri Anusuchit Jaati Abhyuday Yojna (PM-AJAY): Reduces SC
poverty through employment and infrastructure.
• N – National Action for Mechanised Sanitation Ecosystem (NAMASTE): Ensures
safety and dignity for sanitation workers.
• S – National Safai Karamcharis Finance and Development Corporation
(NSKFDC): Provides financial support and income-generating activities for
sanitation workers.

OBCs

Mnemonic - s"Young Scholarships Secure Hope!"**

• Y – PM Young Achievers Scholarship Award Scheme For Vibrant India For

OBCs And Others (PM-YASASVI): Provides scholarships and hostel facilities for
OBC students in pre-matric, post-matric, and higher education.
• S – Scholarships for Higher Education for Young Achievers Scheme
(SHREYAS) for OBC & Others: Supports SC/OBC students with coaching and
scholarships for higher education and competitive exams.

Old Age:

“Important Advice: Senior Care!”**

• I – Integrated Programme for Senior Citizens (IPSrC): Grants for running senior
citizen homes and mobile Medicare units.
• A – Atal Vayo Abhyuday Yojana (AVYAY): Comprehensive initiative to empower
senior citizens and promote their well-being.

Disabled People:

“Don't Doubt New Solutions!”**

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• D – Assistance to Disabled Persons for Purchase/Fitting of Aids & Appliances
(ADIP): Assists in acquiring aids and appliances for rehabilitation.
• D – Deen Dayal Disabled Rehabilitation Scheme (DDRS): Grants to NGOs for the
rehabilitation of persons with disabilities.
• N – National Action Plan for Skill Development of Persons with Disabilities
(NAP-SDP): Provides vocational training for skill development.
• S – Support for Marginalised Individuals for Livelihood and Enterprise
(SMILE): Welfare measures for marginalized individuals, including transgender
persons and those engaged in begging.

miscellaneous schemes:

• Nasha Mukt Bharat Abhiyaan: Aims to raise awareness about substance abuse among
youth and engage the community.

• Scheme of Assistance for Prevention of Alcoholism and Substance (Drugs) Abuse and
for Social Defence Services: Focuses on identification, counseling, treatment, and
rehabilitation of addicts, with financial assistance for IRCAs.

• Pradhan Mantri Dakshta Aur Kushalta Sampann Hitgrahi (PM-DAKSH) Yojana:

Enhances employability for SCs, OBCs, EBCs, DNTs, Safai Karamcharis, and waste pickers
through skill development.

• Ayushman Bharat Health Infrastructure Mission (ABHIM): Aims to establish a robust

health system to effectively respond to pandemics and strengthen public health institutions.

Education

• PM eVIDYA-Unified digital and online education with free access and virtual labs.

• PM Shri Schools-Establish over 14,500 inclusive and secure schools.

• Unnat Bharat Abhiyan Scheme-Link HEIs with villages for rural development.

• Sarva Shiksha Abhiyan (SSA)-Universal primary education with improved quality.

• Rashtriya Madhyamik Shiksha Abhiyan (RMSA)-Enhance access to and quality of

secondary education.

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18 GOVT SCHEME (MAINS) BY SMART SIR
• Mid-Day Meal Scheme-Provide free lunches to improve nutrition and attendance.

• National Means-Cum-Merit Scholarship Scheme (NMMSS)-Scholarships for

meritorious students from weaker sections.

• National Skill Development Mission (NSDM)-Enhance employability through skill

development.

• Khelo India Scheme-Promote sports and physical fitness in students.

• National Education Policy (NEP) 2020-Revamp education for inclusivity and holistic
development.

POLITY AND GOVERNANCE

NGO,SHG,Various Groups

Governance

1. SHAKTI: Transparent coal supply to power plants.

2. Atal Innovation Mission: Foster innovation at all levels.
3. PRAGATI: Efficiency in program review and grievance handling.
4. Prime Minister Wi-Fi Access Network Interface (PM-WANI): Affordable internet
access in rural areas.
5. MCA21 Project: Enhance Ease of Doing Business.
6. Crime and Criminal Tracking Network & Systems (CCTNS): Improve policing
efficiency.
7. Centralised Public Grievance Redress and Monitoring System (CPGRAMS):
Online grievance redressal platform.
8. One Rank One Pension (OROP): Uniform pensions for Armed Forces personnel.
9. Transformation of Aspirational Districts Programme: Transform underdeveloped
districts.
10. eSanjeevani: Digital telemedicine consultations.

INDIAN DIASPORA

1. Know India Programme (KIP): Introduce diaspora youth to India's progress.

PANCHAYATI RAJ

2. Rashtriya Gram Swaraj Abhiyan: Enhance Panchayat governance and capacity.

3. Svamitva Scheme: Legal ownership of rural property via drone mapping.

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JUDICIARY

4. NYAYA BANDHU: Pro bono legal services for marginalized communities.

ECONOMY

5. PM-SVANidhi: Financial support for street vendors (details in chapter 1).

6. Jan Dhan Yojana: Financial inclusion for marginalized groups.
7. Pradhan Mantri MUDRA Yojana: Microfinance for small businesses (details in
chapter 1).
8. Stand Up India Scheme: Bank loans for SC/ST and women entrepreneurs.
9. National Pension System (NPS): Retirement income for all citizens.
10. Gold Monetisation Scheme: Mobilize idle gold and reduce import reliance.

EMPLOYMENT

1. MGNREGA: Employment guarantee in rural areas (details in chapter 1).

2. Atmanirbhar Bharat Rozgar Yojana (ABRY): Job creation and support (details in chapter 1).
3. Pradhan Mantri Shram Yogi Maan-Dhan Scheme: Pension for unorganized sector workers (details in
chapter 1).
4. Shram Suvidha - Unified Portal for Labour and Employment:
o LIN: Unique labor ID.
o Online Inspection System: Transparency in inspections.
o Unified Registration: Simplified compliance.
o Unified ECR: Streamlined EPFO/ESIC compliance.

RURAL DEVELOPMENT

5. Pradhan Mantri Awas Yojana – Gramin (PMAY-G): Housing for the poorest.
6. Deen Dayal Upadhyaya Gram Jyoti Yojana (DDUGJY): Strengthen rural electricity distribution.
7. Jal Jeevan Mission: Rural water supply (details in chapter 1).
8. National Social Assistance Program (NSAP): Social assistance to BPL households.
9. Pradhan Mantri Gram Sadak Yojana (PMGSY) - III: Rural road connectivity.

Agriculture

1. Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana: Irrigation enhancement

2. Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY): Crop insurance
3. PM-KUSUM: Solar energy for irrigation
4. Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN): Income support for farmers
5. National Mission on Edible Oils - Oil Palm: Boost oil palm cultivation
6. National Agriculture Market (e-NAM): Unified electronic trading platform for agri commodities.
7. MIDH (Mission For Integrated Development of Horticulture): Holistic horticulture development.
8. KCC (Kisan Credit Card): Financial support for farmers.

MNEMONIC: "FARM K-PINE"

• F - Pradhan Mantri Fasal Bima Yojana (PMFBY)

• A - Pradhan Mantri Krishi Sinchayee Yojana

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• R - Pradhan Mantri Kisan Samman Nidhi (PM-KISAN)
• M - MIDH (Mission For Integrated Development of Horticulture)
• K - Kisan Credit Card (KCC)
• P - PM-KUSUM
• I - National Mission on Edible Oils - Oil Palm
• N - National Agriculture Market (e-NAM)
• E - e-NAM Platform of Platforms (POP)

FARMER SUPPORT (SUBSIDY, INCOME SUPPORT ETC.)

1. Urea Subsidy: Ensure affordable urea with DBT and Aadhaar/KCC authentication.
2. Pradhan Mantri Annadata Aay Sanrakshan Abhiyan (PM-AASHA): Secure remunerative prices for
farmers.

INDUSTRIAL POLICY, LIBERALISATION

1. Micro and Small Enterprises – Cluster Development Programme (MSE-CDP)

o Objective: Boost MSE productivity and competitiveness.
o Support: Financial aid for Common Facility Centers (CFCs) and Industrial Areas.
o Type: Demand-driven Central Sector Scheme.
o Nodal Ministry: Ministry of MSME.
2. PM Vishwakarma Scheme
o Objective: Support artisans and craftspeople.
o Components: Certificate, ID Card, Toolkit Incentive, Credit Support.
o Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Micro, Small & Medium Enterprises.

INFRASTRUCTURE: ENERGY, ROADS, PORTS, AIRPORTS, RAILWAYS

1. Jal Marg Vikas Project (JMVP)

o Aim: Enhance National Waterways-I from Haldia to Varanasi.
2. Bharatmala Pariyojana
o Aim: Improve road connectivity and logistics.
3. PM Gati Shakti
o Aim: Integrate infrastructure projects for enhanced connectivity.
4. Sagarmala Programme
o Aim: Modernize ports and boost maritime trade.

SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

NATIONAL SUPERCOMPUTING MISSION

• Aim: Develop advanced supercomputing infrastructure to boost research and development

capabilities.

MISSION ON NANO SCIENCE AND TECHNOLOGY

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21 GOVT SCHEME (MAINS) BY SMART SIR
• Aim: Achieve significant advancements in nanoscience and technology, providing essential funding
for targeted research and application development.

BHUVAN PORTAL

• Aim: Provide a web portal for accessing and utilizing geographic information and satellite remote
sensing data for public use, operated by the National Remote Sensing Centre (NRSC).

PRITHVI VIGYAN (PRITHVI) SCHEME

• Aim: Enhance understanding of Earth system sciences across all components (atmosphere,
hydrosphere, geosphere, cryosphere, biosphere) through integrated research, development, and
operational services.
• Sub-schemes:
o ACROSS: Atmosphere & Climate Research.
o O-SMART: Ocean Services, Modelling, Application, Resources, and Technology.
o PACER: Polar Science and Cryosphere Research.
o SAGE: Seismology and Geosciences.
o REACHOUT: Research, Education, Training, and Outreach.

INDIA’S NATIONAL AI STRATEGY

• Aim: Position India as a leader in artificial intelligence (AI) for sustainable and inclusive growth.
• Sectors Targeted:
o Healthcare
o Agriculture
o Education
o Smart Cities and Infrastructure
o Transportation
• Approach:
o Create frameworks for ethical AI development.
o Promote fair use and prevent discriminatory practices.
o Foster partnerships with private sector, academia, and research institutions.
o Prepare the workforce for an AI-driven future.

INSPIRE (INNOVATION IN SCIENCE PURSUIT FOR INSPIRED RESEARCH)

• Aim: Attract, motivate, nurture, and train talented students to pursue science and research careers,
building a robust pipeline of R&D talent.
• Achievements:
o INSPIRE Award MANAK: Awarded to nearly 123,024 students (grades 6-10) from recognized
schools.
o INSPIRE Internship Camps: Approximately 69,800 students participated to experience
creative science pursuits.
• Nodal Ministry: Ministry of Science & Technology

ENVIRONMENT
NATIONAL ACTION PLAN ON CLIMATE CHANGE

• Aim: Address climate change impacts and enhance sustainability.

• Components: 8 missions, including National Solar Mission, National Mission for Enhanced Energy
Efficiency.

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ELECTRIC MOBILITY PROMOTION SCHEME 2024 (EMPS 2024)

• Aim: Accelerate electric vehicle adoption.

• Components:
o FAME-I: Focus on demand incentives for electric vehicles.
o FAME-II: Enhances incentives, expands charging infrastructure.

CARBON CREDIT TRADING SCHEME

• Aim: Promote greenhouse gas emission reduction.

• Mechanisms:
o Compliance: For obligated entities.
o Offset: For voluntary emission reductions.

PM-PRANAM

• Aim: Reduce chemical fertiliser use.

• Objective: Promote balanced fertiliser use, cut subsidy costs.

NATIONAL CLEAN AIR PROGRAMME (NCAP)

• Aim: Improve air quality in 131 cities.

• Target: Up to 40% PM10 reduction by 2025-26.

DISASTER MANAGEMENT

Scheme for Expansion and Modernization of Fire Services in the States

• Aim: Expand and modernize fire services in states.

• Funding: Rs. 5,000 crore from NDRF; states must contribute 25% (10% for NEH
states).
• Tenure: 2023-26

INTERNAL SECURITY

Mnemonic: "Big Waterfalls Create Mountains"

Border Area Development Programme (BADP)

• Aim: Develop remote areas near international borders.

• Coverage: 117 border districts in 16 states and 2 UTs.

Witness Protection Scheme

• Aim: Protect witnesses based on threat levels.

• Measures: Identity protection, relocation, security devices.

Crime and Criminal Tracking Network & Systems (CCTNS)

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• Aim: Enhance policing through integrated IT systems.
• Type: Mission Mode Project under NeGP.

Modernisation of Police Forces

• Aim: Equip and train state police to reduce military dependence.

• Type: Centrally Sponsored Scheme with 15 sub-schemes.
• Extended Tenure: 2021-22 to 2025-26.

SCHEME IN DETAILED
DIGITAL INDIA

Aim: Transform India into a digitally empowered society and knowledge economy.

• Focus Areas: Digital Services, Governance, Digital Empowerment.

• Key Objectives: Infrastructure, E-Governance, Digital Literacy, Information Accessibility.
• Initiatives: BharatNet, Aadhaar, Digital Payments, National Digital Health Mission.
• Impact: Improved access, financial inclusion, economic growth, transparency.
• Challenges: Digital divide, cybersecurity, privacy concerns, infrastructure constraints.

NATIONAL SUPERCOMPUTING MISSION (NSM)

Overview: Enhance research capabilities through advanced supercomputing.

• Collaborators: Ministry of Electronics and Information Technology, CDAC, IISc.

• Infrastructure: National Knowledge Network.
• Key Deployments: PARAM series (Shivay, Shakti, Brahma, Yukti, Sanganak).
• Applications: Genomics, Urban Modeling, Flood Warning, Seismic Imaging.
• Current Capacity: Pratyush and Mihir (6.8 petaflops).

NATIONAL ACTION PLAN ON CLIMATE CHANGE (NAPCC)

Overview: Raise awareness and actions on climate change.

• Guiding Principles: Protection, Sustainable Development, Technological Advancements.

• Missions: Solar Mission, Energy Efficiency, Sustainable Habitat, Water, Himalayan Ecosystems, Green
India, Agriculture, Knowledge for Climate Change.

PRADHAN MANTRI JAN DHAN YOJANA (PMJDY)

Overview: Financial inclusion for all.

• Objectives: Access to banking, insurance, and credit.

• Features: Zero-balance accounts, RuPay cards, overdraft facility, insurance.
• Impact: Increased account openings, financial inclusion, direct benefit transfers.

PRADHAN MANTRI MUDRA YOJANA (PMMY)

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Overview: Collateral-free microcredit for small entrepreneurs.

• Categories: Shishu (up to ₹50,000), Kishore (₹50,000 to ₹5 lakh), Tarun (₹5 lakh to ₹10 lakh).
• Achievements: 40.82 crore loans, 69% to women, economic empowerment.

PRADHAN MANTRI MATSYA SAMPADA YOJANA (PMMSY)

Overview: Sustainable growth in fisheries.

• Objectives: Increase production, modernize infrastructure, economic growth.

• Features: Infrastructure development, economic value addition, employment generation.
• Impact: Increased fish production, job creation.

PRADHAN MANTRI FORMALISATION OF MICRO FOOD PROCESSING

ENTERPRISES (PMFME)

Overview: Support and formalize micro food processing enterprises.

• Features: Credit-linked subsidy, seed capital, training, marketing support.

• Impact: Formalization, employment generation, enhanced local product marketability.

AYUSHMAN BHARAT – PRADHAN MANTRI JAN AROGYA YOJANA (AB-

PMJAY)

Objectives:

• Accessible Healthcare: Provide affordable healthcare to over 50 crore citizens.

• Universal Health Coverage (UHC): Ensure healthcare access for every citizen.
• Financial Protection: Shield against catastrophic health expenses.

Salient Features:

• Insurance Coverage: Up to ₹5 lakhs per family annually for secondary and tertiary care.
• Beneficiaries: Covers 10.74 crore vulnerable families (~50 crore people).
• Cashless and Paperless: No direct payments at the point of care.
• Health and Wellness Centers (HWCs): 1,50,000 centers for Comprehensive Primary Health Care
(CPHC).
• Nationwide Portability: Services accessible across India through a network of empanelled providers.
• No Caps: No limits on family size, age, or pre-existing conditions.

Scheme Structure:

• Components:
o HWCs: Primary care and PMJAY awareness.
o PMJAY: Financial protection for secondary and tertiary care.
• Health Protection: Comprehensive care including promotive, preventive, and rehabilitative aspects.
• Implementation: Flexibility with states choosing between insurance or Trust/Society models.
• Empanelled Providers: Network covers 1,350 procedures, including pre and post-hospitalization.

Progress and Impact:

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• State Participation: 30 States/UTs signed MoUs.
• Pilot Launches: Conducted in 22 States/UTs with 1,280 hospitals.
• Pradhan Mantri Aarogya Mitras (PMAMs): Over 3,936 trained personnel.
• Hospital Empanelment: 15,686 applications received.
• Fraud Detection: Anti-fraud cells and IT security measures.

Technological Integration:

• Ayushman App: Self-verification and card creation via mobile.

• IT Systems: Beneficiary Identification System (BIS) and Transaction Management System (TMS).

Beneficiary Engagement:

• Ayushman Cards: Over 30 crore cards created as of January 2024.

• Gender Parity: 14.6 crore cards issued to females; 48% of treatments availed by female beneficiaries.

Current Statistics:

• Hospital Admissions: 6.2 crore hospitalizations covered.

• State-wise Cards:
o Uttar Pradesh: 4.8 crore
o Madhya Pradesh: 3.8 crore
o Maharashtra: 2.4 crore

NATIONAL HEALTH MISSION (NHM)

Objectives:

1. Reduction in Mortality: Child and maternal mortality reduction.

2. Disease Control: Prevention and control of communicable and non-communicable diseases.
3. Primary Health Care: Access to comprehensive primary health services.
4. Population Stabilization: Gender balance and population stabilization.
5. AYUSH Integration: Mainstream AYUSH (Ayurveda, Yoga, Unani, Siddha, Homeopathy).
6. Universal Access: Access to public health services including nutrition and sanitation.
7. Healthy Lifestyles: Promotion of healthy lifestyles.

Salient Features:

• Background: Launched in 2005 as NRHM, expanded to NHM in 2012 with NRHM and NUHM sub-
missions.
• National Urban Health Mission (NUHM): Focus on urban areas; decentralized with local partnerships.
• National Rural Health Mission (NRHM): Community-owned, inter-sectoral convergence, state-
specific funding.

Key Initiatives under NHM:

• Janani Suraksha Yojana: Promotes institutional deliveries with cash transfers.

• Janani Shishu Suraksha Karyakram (JSSK): Zero expense deliveries for pregnant women and
neonates.
• Rashtriya Bal Swasthya Karyakram (RBSK): Early identification and intervention for children.
• Rashtriya Kishor Swasthya Karyakram (RKSK): Health interventions for adolescents.

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• RMNCH+A: Integrated care across life stages.
• Pradhan Mantri Surakshit Matritva Abhiyan: Free antenatal care on the 9th of every month.
• Universal Immunisation Programme (UIP): Focus on vaccination coverage.

Disease Control Programmes:

• Communicable Diseases: NVBDCP, NTEP, NLEP, IDSP.

• Non-Communicable Diseases: NPCBVI.

Technology and Infrastructure:

• e-VIN: Real-time vaccine stock and storage monitoring.

• ECRP Phase-I: Health system preparedness for COVID-19.
• IDSP: Strengthened disease surveillance systems

ELECTRIC MOBILITY PROMOTION SCHEME 2024 (EMPS 2024)

OBJECTIVES:

1. Accelerate EV Adoption: Boost the use of electric two-wheelers (e-2W) and three-wheelers (e-3W)
for greener mobility.
2. Enhance EV Manufacturing Ecosystem: Develop a strong EV manufacturing infrastructure in India.
3. Promote Affordable Transportation: Support affordable and eco-friendly public transportation.

SALIENT FEATURES:

1. Implementation Period: April 1, 2024 – July 31, 2024

2. Total Outlay: ₹500 crore
3. Focus Areas: e-2Ws and e-3Ws
4. Eligible EV Categories:
o Electric Two-Wheelers (e-2W)
o Electric Three-Wheelers (e-3W) including registered e-rickshaws, e-carts, and L5 category
vehicles
5. Components:
o Subsidies/Demand Incentive: ₹493.55 crore for incentives
o Administration: ₹6.45 crore for administration and project management

TARGET NUMBERS:

1. Total EVs Supported: 372,215

o e-2Ws: 333,387
o e-3Ws: 38,828 (13,590 e-rickshaws & e-carts, 25,238 e-3Ws in L5 category)
2. Technology Requirement: Advanced batteries required for incentives.

IMPACT:

1. Environmental: Promotes eco-friendly public transportation.

2. Economic: Strengthens the EV supply chain and manufacturing sector.
3. Employment: Creates job opportunities in the EV value chain.
4. Atmanirbhar Bharat: Supports self-reliance through the Phased Manufacturing Programme (PMP).

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NATIONAL URBAN LIVELIHOODS MISSION (DAY-NULM)

OBJECTIVES:

1. Poverty Alleviation: Reduce poverty and vulnerability among urban poor households.
2. Employment Opportunities: Facilitate self-employment and skilled wage employment.
3. Shelter for the Homeless: Provide shelters with essential services.
4. Support for Street Vendors: Facilitate access to suitable spaces and credit.

KEY COMPONENTS:

1. Employment through Skill Training & Placement (EST&P): Market-oriented skill training for self-
employment or salaried jobs.
2. Self-Employment Programme (SEP): Financial assistance for setting up self-employment ventures.
3. Self-Help Groups (SHGs): Mobilized 8.4 million urban poor women into over 831,000 SHGs.

IMPLEMENTATION AND FUNDING:

1. Funding Ratio: Centre and States share costs at 75:25; 90:10 for North Eastern and Special Category
States.
2. Monitoring and Governance:
o Central Level: Governing Council and Executive Committee
o State Level: State Governing Council and Executive Committee
o City/ULB Level: Managed by Municipal Commissioner

IMPACT AND PROGRESS:

1. Livelihood Creation: Self-employment and skilled wage opportunities.

2. Skill Development: Training in various market-oriented courses.
3. Support for Street Vendors: Issued Identity Cards and Certificates of Vending.
4. Shelter Provision: Established shelters across various states.

KEY INITIATIVES:

1. UNDP-DAY-NULM Partnership: Empower women in entrepreneurship.

2. NIPUN: Skill enhancement for construction workers.
3. PaiSA Portal: Centralized platform for processing loans.

PM-SVANIDHI: PROMOTING INCLUSIVE ENTREPRENEURSHIP

BACKGROUND:

1. Launch: June 1, 2020

2. Implementing Agency: Ministry of Housing and Urban Affairs
3. Funding: ₹9,152 crore disbursed as of October 26, 2023

OBJECTIVES:

1. Inclusive Entrepreneurship: Empower marginalized urban micro-entrepreneurs.

2. Financial Inclusion: Provide access to collateral-free loans.

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3. Economic Upliftment: Enhance income and consumption among street vendors.

SALIENT FEATURES:

1. Loan Structure:
o Collateral-Free Loans: Up to ₹50,000 in three tranches
2. Target Beneficiaries:
o Women Vendors: 43%
o OBCs, SCs, STs: 44% OBCs, 22% SCs/STs
3. Incentives:
o Interest Subsidy: 7% on regular repayments
o Digital Transactions: Cashback up to ₹1,200 annually
4. Financial Discipline: High repayment and transition rates between loan tranches

IMPACT:

1. Economic Empowerment: Significant number of loans sanctioned and increased financial discipline.
2. Increased Consumption: Rise in spending and consumption.
3. Gender and Social Equity: 43% beneficiaries are women.
4. Urban Impact: High participation in major cities.
5. Financial Linkage: Increased digital transactions.

PRADHAN MANTRI AWAS YOJANA (PMAY)

BACKGROUND:

1. Vision: Provide pucca houses to improve living conditions.

2. Components:
o PMAY-Urban (PMAY-U)
o PMAY-Gramin (PMAY-G)

OBJECTIVES:

1. Affordable Housing for All: Address housing shortages for EWS, LIG, and MIG.

SALIENT FEATURES:

1. Gender Empowerment: Women are owners or co-owners.

2. Sustainable Construction: Use of green technologies.
3. Training Programs: Nationwide training for quality construction.
4. Comprehensive Amenities: Includes toilets, electricity, and water.

PROGRESS:

1. Urban Component (PMAY-U): 1.18 crore houses sanctioned; 83.67 lakh completed.
2. Rural Component (PMAY-G): 2.94 crore houses sanctioned; 2.62 crore completed.
3. Ownership Distribution: 72.35% women-owned or co-owned houses.

JAL JEEVAN MISSION (JJM)

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OBJECTIVES:

1. Universal Tap Water Access: Provide safe, potable water to every rural household.
2. Community Ownership: Encourage local participation in water supply systems.

SALIENT FEATURES:

1. Implementation: Partnership between Central and State/UT Governments.

2. Technical and Financial Support: Provided by the Central Government.

PROGRESS:

1. Initial Coverage: 16.8% rural households had tap water connections at launch.
2. Current Coverage: 71.51% of rural households have connections.
3. Women Empowerment: Significant initiatives involving women in water management.

KEY INITIATIVES:

1. RWPF: Drives innovation in the WASH sector.

2. Swachh Jal Se Suraksha Campaign: Encourages water quality monitoring.
3. Jalmani Programme: Provides purification systems in rural schools.
4. ‘Har Ghar Jal’ Programme: Increased rural tap water connections.

PRADHAN MANTRI KRISHI SINCHAYEE YOJANA (PMK SY)

OBJECTIVES:

1. Enhance Irrigation Coverage: Expand cultivable area and improve water use efficiency.
2. Sustainable Water Management: Promote water conservation practices.

COMPONENTS:

1. AIBP: Fast-tracks irrigation projects.

2. HKKP: Four sub-components focusing on irrigation management and water body restoration.
3. IWMP: Manages runoff water and improves soil conservation.
4. Per Drop More Crop (PDMC): Focuses on micro-irrigation techniques.

PROGRESS:

1. West Bengal: 66.5 thousand hectares covered under micro-irrigation.

2. Special Initiatives: Financial aid for major projects and support for irrigation in drought-prone areas.

IMPACT:

1. Water Access: Improved irrigation leads to enhanced productivity.

2. Sustainability: Encourages sustainable irrigation practices.
3. Community Engagement: Involves stakeholders in irrigation management.

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PM VISHWAKARMA SCHEME

FACTS:

1. Launch Date: September 17, 2023

2. Type: Central Sector Scheme

SALIENT FEATURES:

1. Recognition: PM Vishwakarma certificate and ID card.

2. Skill Upgradation:
o Basic Training: 5-7 days with ₹500 stipend per day.
o Advanced Training: 15 days or more with ₹500 stipend per day.
3. Toolkit Incentive: Up to ₹15,000 in e-vouchers for toolkits.
4. Credit Support:
o Collateral-Free Loans: Up to ₹3 lakh in two tranches.
o Interest Rate: 5% concessional with an 8% government subsidy.
5. Incentive for Digital Transactions: ₹1 per digital transaction.

PRADHAN MANTRI SHRAM YOGI MAAN-DHAN (PM-SYM) SCHEME

Overview:

• Purpose: Provide a monthly pension to unorganised sector workers.

• Objective: Financial security and stability for workers aged 60 and above.

Eligibility:

• Age: 18-40 years

• Income: ₹15,000 or less per month
• Exclusion: Not a member of EPFO, ESIC, or NPS

Salient Features:

• Pension Benefit: ₹3,000/month after 60 years.

• Contribution: 50% by beneficiary, 50% by Central Government.
• Fund Manager: LIC of India.
• Enrolment: Through e-Shram Portal.

Impact:

• Financial Security: Ensures stable retirement income.

• Coverage: Extends benefits to millions of unorganised workers.
• Management: Streamlined pension system through LIC.

MICRO AND SMALL ENTERPRISES – CLUSTER DEVELOPMENT

PROGRAMME (MSE-CDP)

Facts:

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• Type: Central Sector Scheme
• Implementation: Nationwide, including Maharashtra
• Beneficiaries: Existing Entrepreneurs

Objective:

• Enhance Productivity: Boost MSE competitiveness via cluster development.

Salient Features:

• Cluster Approach: Establish Common Facility Centers (CFCs).

• Funding: 60-70% for CFCs, 50-60% for infrastructure projects.
• Demand-Driven: Proposals based on state requirements.

Impact:

• Economic Growth: Strengthens MSEs and traditional industries.

• Maharashtra: 30 CFCs approved, 14 completed; 27 SFURTI clusters approved, 16 operational.

PM VIKAS SCHEME

Facts:

• Type: Central Sector Scheme

• Focus: Skilling, entrepreneurship for minority and artisan communities

Objectives:

• Enhance Livelihoods: Skill development and education.

• Increase Income: Facilitate credit access and market linkages.
• Empowerment: Foster women leadership and entrepreneurship.

Salient Features:

• Integrated Scheme: Combines five existing schemes.

• Components: Skill training, leadership development, education bridge programs.
• Infrastructure: Vishwakarma Villages for promoting local culture.

Impact:

• Livelihoods: Improved skills and income for minorities.

• Empowerment: Enhanced women leadership and entrepreneurship.

PM-KUSUM

Facts:

• Launch Date: 2019

• Target: 30.8 GW solar capacity by March 31, 2026

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• Financial Support: ₹34,422 crore

Objectives:

• De-Dieselisation: Reduce diesel use in farming.

• Energy Security: Reliable water and energy supply.
• Income Increase: Boost farmers' income through solar energy.

Salient Features:

• Components: Solar power plants, stand-alone pumps, and grid-connected pumps.

• Financial Assistance: Central and state support for solar installations.

Impact:

• Energy Security: Reduces diesel reliance.

• Economic Benefits: Increases farmers' income.
• Environmental Impact: Promotes clean energy.

NATIONAL PROGRAMME FOR CIVIL SERVICES CAPACITY BUILDING

(NPCSCB) – MISSION KARMAYOGI

Facts:

• Aim: Enhance civil service efficiency.

• Type: Central initiative for civil servants’ training

Objectives:

• Capacity Building: Improve civil service skills and competencies.

Salient Features:

• Six Pillars: Policy framework, digital learning, competency framework, etc.

• Digital Learning: iGOT-Karmayogi platform, blended programs.
• Institutional Framework: Includes PMHRC, Capacity Building Commission.

Impact:

• Enhanced Governance: Better-trained civil servants.

• Personalized Learning: Tailored training programs.
• Wide Adoption: Over 28 lakh users on iGOT platform.

SAGARMALA PROGRAMME

Facts:

• Type: Central Sector Scheme

• Ministry: Ports, Shipping and Waterways

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• Funding: Up to 50% of project cost

Objective:

• Port-Led Development: Enhance port productivity and connectivity.

Salient Features:

• Components: Port modernization, connectivity, industrialization, coastal community development.

• Key Initiatives: Discounts for coastal vessels, financial assistance for projects.
• Technology: NTPC at IIT Chennai for maritime solutions.

Impact:

• Economic Growth: Boosts trade efficiency.

• Environmental Benefits: Sustainable cargo movement.
• Community Development: Enhances coastal livelihoods.

BHARATMALA PARIYOJANA

Launch Date: October 2017

Phase-I Target: 34,800 km of highways
Completion Status (Dec 2023):

• 76% awarded for construction

• 15,549 km completed

Objective: Enhance efficiency of goods and people movement by improving road

infrastructure.

Salient Features:

1. Comprehensive Network: Connects economic centres, ports, and borders.

2. Key Components: Economic corridors, feeder routes, border roads, coastal roads, greenfield
expressways.
3. Funding: Central Government supported.
4. Safety Measures: Road safety audits; blackspot rectification.
5. Innovative Features: Solar-powered expressways.

Impact:

• Travel Time: Reduced by 40-50%.

• Economic Growth: Boosts trade and connectivity.
• Environmental Benefits: Reduces congestion and fuel use.
• Regional Development: Enhances connectivity in remote areas.

Completed Projects:

• Eastern Peripheral Expressway

• Delhi-Meerut Expressway
• Chenani-Nashri Tunnel

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• Dhola-Sadiya Bridge

Ongoing Projects:

• Delhi-Mumbai Expressway
• Zojila Tunnel
• Kosi Bridge
• Vikramshila Bridge

MGNREGA

Launch Year: 2005

Objective: Provide 100 days of wage employment in rural areas.

Key Provisions:

• Eligibility: Rural households, age 18+, willing to work.

• Employment Guarantee: 100 days at minimum wage; unemployment allowance if not provided.
• Social Audit: Ensures transparency.
• Decentralized Planning: PRIs and Gram Sabhas involved.
• Women’s Participation: At least one-third beneficiaries.

Evolution:

• Employment Impact: 31 billion person-days created.

• Technological Integration: Online registration, geotagging.

Significance:

• Infrastructure Development: Enhances rural infrastructure.

• Income Compensation: Mitigates income loss during crises.

Best Practices:

• Jalpaiguri: Polly culture system.

• Paschim Bardhaman: Poultry empowerment for women.
• South West Khasi Hills: Suspension bridge construction.

MISSION SHAKTI SCHEME

Implementation Period: 2021-26

Objective: Empower women, reduce care burden, ensure a violence-free environment.

Sub-Schemes:

1. Sambal: Safety and security; One Stop Centres; Women Helpline.

2. Samarthya: Relief homes, anti-human trafficking units, working women hostels.

Features:

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• Hub for Empowerment: Operates at multiple levels.
• Convergence: Efficient outcomes through coordinated efforts.

BETI BACHAO BETI PADHAO (BBBP)

Launch Date: 2015

Objective: Improve Child Sex Ratio (CSR) and empower girls.

Salient Features:

• Components: Mass communication, multi-sectoral action.

• Targets: Improve CSR, reduce mortality rates, increase educational enrolment.

Key Achievements:

• CSR Improvement: Increased from 918 to 934.

• Health: Institutional deliveries up to 94%.
• Education: Girls’ enrolment in secondary education up to 79.46%.

Impact:

• Behavioural Shift: Increased societal recognition of girl child importance.

• Community Engagement: Celebratory events and local role models.

Innovative Interventions:

• Local Initiatives: Guddi Gudda Boards, Selfie with Daughters.

• Education Campaigns: School enrolment drive

MISSION POSHAN 2.0

Overview

• Duration: 2021-22 to 2025-26

• Purpose: Combat malnutrition among children, adolescents, pregnant women, and lactating mothers.
• Strategy: Enhance nutrition, delivery, and ecosystem integration.

Objectives

• Human Capital: Address malnutrition for national development.

• Awareness: Promote good eating and health practices.
• Deficiencies: Target stunting, wasting, and anaemia.

Implementation

• Key Schemes: POSHAN Abhiyaan, Anganwadi Services, Scheme for Adolescent Girls.
• Beneficiaries: Children, pregnant women, and lactating mothers.
• Collaboration: Ministry of Women and Child Development, Health, and Human Resource
Development.

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Salient Features

• Nutrition Support: SNP, fortified rice, diet diversity.

• ECCE: Early stimulation, upgraded Anganwadis.
• Poshan Abhiyaan: Social and behavioral change, community events.
• Technology: Poshan Tracker, integrated monitoring.
• Poshan Vatika: Organic gardening and plantation drives.
• Funding: Varies by state/UTs.

Impact

• Coverage: 730 districts, 112 Aspirational Districts.

• Digital: Smartphones, growth monitoring devices.
• Technology: Poshan Tracker, grievance redressal.
• Community: Jan Andolan, Poshan Vatikas.
• Training: Over 10 lakh functionaries.
• Nutrition Indicators: Improved stunting, wasting, under-weight rates.

MISSION VATSALYA

Overview

• Launch: Centrally Sponsored Scheme.

• Purpose: Replace Child Protection Services with a comprehensive child welfare program.
• Vision: Secure childhood and enable potential.

Objectives

• Rights: Ensure survival, development, protection, and participation.

• Services: Strengthen care systems and encourage private partnerships.
• Awareness: Raise public knowledge on child rights.

Key Features

• Legal Framework: Juvenile Justice Act, 2015.

• Funding: Varies by state/UTs.
• Implementation: In collaboration with state and UT governments.

Components

• Care: Institutional, non-institutional, after care.

• Private Sponsorship: Encourages individual and organizational support.

Institutional Framework

• State and District Bodies: SCPS, SARA, DCPU, CWC, JJB.

Digital Services

• Mission Vatsalya Portal: Integrates child protection tools and helplines.

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Impact

• Protection Systems: Strengthened at various levels.

• Awareness: Increased public and community involvement.

PM GATI SHAKTI

Overview

• Launch: October 13, 2021

• Purpose: Integrated planning for infrastructure connectivity across 16 Ministries.

Objectives

• Coordination: Enhance inter-ministerial efforts.

• Efficiency: Streamline approvals and reduce costs.
• Integration: Boost connectivity and competitiveness.

Features

• NPG: Evaluates large projects.

• Coordination: Improves resource usage.
• SoP: Guidelines for highways and expressways.
• Tools: GIS-based planning with ISRO imagery.
• Integration: Covers key infrastructure schemes.

Impact

• Growth: Enhances supply chains and competitiveness.

• Employment: Creates job opportunities.
• Investment: Aids business planning.
• Ease of Living: Improves transport efficiency.

Key Projects

• Delhi-Mumbai Expressway
• Ahmedabad-Dholera
• Bengaluru-Chennai

PRADHAN MANTRI KISAN SAMMAN NIDHI (PM -KISAN)

Overview

• Launch: February 24, 2019

• Purpose: Financial assistance to landholding farmer families.

Objective

• Support: Supplement income, promote sustainable agriculture.

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Financial Assistance

• Annual Benefit: ₹6,000 per family.

• Payment: Direct Benefit Transfer (DBT).

Salient Features

• Eligibility: Landholding farmer families.

• Coverage: 11 crore families.
• Integration: Portal linked with various departments.

Recent Developments

• Beneficiaries: 90 lakh added during Viksit Bharat Sankalp Yatra.

• COVID-19: ₹1.75 lakh crore transferred.

Impact

• Empowerment: Encourages agricultural investment.

• Inclusivity: Beneficiaries include women and marginal farmers.
• Global Recognition: Praised by World Bank.

Technology

• Digital: Transparent registration and verification.

• Grievance Redressal: 24x7 call facility, AI chatbot.

Cooperative Federalism

• States: Register and verify farmers.

• Central Funding: 100% by Government of India.

PRADHAN MANTRI FASAL BIMA YOJANA (PMFBY)

• Launch Date: 2016

• Ministry: Agriculture & Farmers Welfare
• Purpose: Comprehensive crop insurance for farmers.

Objectives:

1. Cover losses from natural calamities, pests, and diseases.

2. Stabilize farmers' incomes.
3. Encourage modern agricultural practices.
4. Ensure credit flow to agriculture.

Salient Features:

• Premium Rates:
o Kharif Crops: 2%
o Rabi Crops: 1.5%
o Annual Crops: 5%
• No Upper Limit on Subsidy: Government bears excess premium.

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• Area-Based Approach: Insurance at Village/Panchayat level.
• Technology Integration: Apps, satellite imagery, AI for accurate loss assessment.
• Exemption: Service tax exemptions.
• Eligibility: Voluntary enrollment from Kharif 2020.

Recent Changes:

• Optional for all farmers from 2020.

• Central premium subsidy capped at 30% (unirrigated) and 25% (irrigated).

Impact:

• Financial Security: Stabilizes incomes, promotes resilience.

• Adoption of Practices: Encourages innovative techniques.
• Wide Coverage: Covers localised disasters and post-harvest losses.

NATIONAL MISSION ON EDIBLE OILS - OIL PALM (NMEO-OP)

• Launch Year: 2021

• Ministry: Agriculture & Farmers’ Welfare
• Purpose: Enhance domestic oilseed production, reduce imports.

Objectives:

1. Expand oil palm cultivation to 10 lakh hectares by 2025-26.

2. Increase crude palm oil production to 11.20 lakh tonnes.
3. Improve productivity and promote inter-cropping.

Salient Features:

• Target Area Expansion: From 3.5 lakh hectares to 10 lakh hectares.

• Consumer Awareness: Maintain per capita consumption at 19 kg/person/year.
• Seedling Production: Establish nurseries for oil palm seedlings.

Impact:

• Economic Benefits: Boosts farmer incomes, reduces import burden.

• Sustainability: Supports self-reliance in edible oils.
• Regional Development: Focuses on North-East and Andaman regions.

NATIONAL AYUSH MISSION

• Type: Centrally Sponsored Scheme

• Purpose: Holistic wellness and self-care.

Objectives:

1. Enhance accessibility to AYUSH services.

2. Strengthen institutional capacity.

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3. Cultivate medicinal plants.
4. Develop AYUSH clusters.

Salient Features:

• Infrastructure Development: Co-location at health centers, new hospitals.

• Educational Enhancement: Upgrade AYUSH institutions.
• Medicinal Plant Promotion: Support cultivation and market.

Impact:

• Public Health Integration: Supports pandemic responses.

• Improved Access: Enhances AYUSH services nationwide.
• Economic Development: Boosts local economies through medicinal plants.

NUTRIENT BASED SUBSIDY (NBS) SCHEME

• Purpose: Subsidise fertilisers to ensure balanced application.

Objectives:

1. Improve agricultural productivity.

2. Promote balanced fertiliser use.

Salient Features:

• Subsidy Payment: Based on nutrient recommendations.

• DBT: Direct Benefit Transfer for reduced retail prices.
• iFMS: Monitors fertiliser production and subsidies.

Recent Additions:

• PM-PRANAM Scheme: Promotes organic farming and sustainable use.

STARTUP INDIA & STANDUP INDIA

• Startup India: Launched on January 16, 2016.

• Standup India: Launched on April 5, 2016.

Objectives:

1. Promote innovation and startups.

2. Provide bank loans to SC/ST and women.

Salient Features:

• Simplification: Self-certification, legal support, expedited patents.

• Funding Support: `10,000 crore corpus, tax exemptions.
• Credit Guarantee Fund: `500 crore annual fund.

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Impact:

• Growth: 1,17,254 recognized startups.

• Employment: Over 12.42 lakh jobs created.
• Coverage: Present in 80% of districts.

NATIONAL FOOD SECURITY ACT (NFSA), 2013

• Purpose: Ensure food and nutritional security.

Objectives:

1. Entitle households to subsidised food grains.

Salient Features:

• Subsidised Prices: Rice at 3/kg, wheat at 2/kg, coarse grains at `1/kg.

• Priority Households: 5 kg/person/month; AAY Households: 35 kg/month.
• Key Initiatives: PMGKAY, ONORC, PM POSHAN.

SAMAGRA SHIKSHA

• Purpose: Improve school education from Pre-school to Class 12.

Objectives:

1. Universal access, equity, quality.

2. Integrate vocational training.
3. Support RTE Act, 2009.

Salient Features:

• Integrated Scheme: Combines SSA, RMSA, and Teacher Education.

• Major Interventions: Infrastructure, inclusivity, quality, digital initiatives.
• Key Initiatives: SARTHAQ, NIPUN BHARAT, Vidya Pravesh, Vidyanjali 2.0.

PRADHAN MANTRI UCHCHATAR SHIKSHA ABHIYAN (PM -USHA)

Overview:

• Type: Centrally Sponsored Scheme

• Agency: Ministry of Education
• Focus: Enhance quality in 300+ HEIs

Background:

• Initial Scheme: Rashtriya Uchchatar Shiksha Abhiyan (RUSA)

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• Vision: Improve access, equity, and excellence in higher education

Objectives:

1. Improve Quality: Develop state-level higher education

2. New Institutions: Establish and upgrade institutions
3. Self-Reliance: Enhance management and research

Funding:

• Source: Central ministry to state governments

• Focus: Quality of teaching, employability, and research

Features:

• Target Areas: Remote, rural, LWE areas, tier-2 cities

• Support Areas: Gender inclusion, ICT, vocational skills, multi-disciplinary education

BLUE REVOLUTION

Overview:

• Type: Centrally Sponsored Scheme

• Purpose: Boost aquaculture and fisheries productivity

Objective:

• Increase Production: Boost fish production sustainably

• Modernise Fisheries: Upgrade practices, ensure food security

Features:

1. NFDB Activities: Development of fisheries infrastructure

2. Production Targets: 150 lakh tonnes by 2019-20
3. FIDF: ₹7522.48 crore fund for infrastructure

PRADHAN MANTRI KISAN SAMPADA YOJANA

Overview:

• Approval: May 2017

• Purpose: Modernise infrastructure and supply chains

Objective:

• Enhance Processing: Reduce waste, improve farmer prices

Components:

1. Mega Food Parks

2. Cold Chain Infrastructure

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3. Agro-Processing Clusters
4. Food Safety Infrastructure

Impact:

• Projects Approved: 540 (399 completed)

• Capacity Created: 86.06 LMT processing

NATIONAL EDUCATION POLICY 2020

Key Recommendations:

1. Redesign Curriculum: Early childhood care

2. Reduce Dropouts: Universal access
3. Increase GER: Target 50% by 2035
4. Improve Research: Establish Research Foundation
5. Digital Education: Enhance online learning

FOREIGN TRADE POLICY 2023

Approach:

• Pillars: Remission, Export Promotion, Ease of Doing Business, Emerging Areas

Salient Features:

1. Automation: IT systems for approvals

2. Export Hubs: New towns designated
3. E-Commerce Exports: Increased consignment cap
4. Amnesty Scheme: Close old authorizations

AGRICULTURE EXPORT POLICY 2018

Objectives:

1. Export Growth: Double exports to $60 billion by 2022

2. Diversification: Focus on high-value products
3. Promotion: Unique and organic products

Monitoring: Overseen by Department of Commerce

NATIONAL GEOSPATIAL POLICY 2022

Objective:

• Enhance Sector: Support national development with geospatial data

Features:

1. Data Access: Remove prior approvals

2. Support Innovation: Encourage start-ups

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3. National Digital Twin: Mapping by 2035

NATIONAL LOGISTICS POLICY (NLP) 2022

Overview:

• Notification: September 2022

• Objective: Develop logistics ecosystem

Key Features:

1. Cost Reduction: Achieve global benchmarks by 2030

2. LPI Ranking: Top 25 countries by 2030
3. Data-Driven Decisions: Improved logistics efficiency

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G ATITU

ear Aspirants,
As you reach the nal pages of this note, we e tend
our hear elt gra tude to each one of you. our
dedica on, determina on, and unwavering focus on
your UPSC CS journey inspire us immensely. We are
honored that you chose Smart Aspirant to
accompany you in your prepara on.
This note is a product of careful considera on and
reless e orts by our team, aimed at simplifying
your study process and addressing your concerns.
We sincerely hope it has provided clarity, direc on,
and con dence as you navigate through your
prepara on.
Thank you for placing your trust in us. our feedback,
support, and belief in our work fuel our commitment
to con nually improve and provide the best
resources possible.
emember, success is a journey, not a des na on.
Stay curious, stay mo vated, and keep learning. We
are with you every step of the way, cheering for your
success.
With deep apprecia on,
All the best for your future endeavors
Warm egards,
Smart Sir

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